【期中精准练】专题04：阅读理解A篇记叙文类（8套）+ 句子翻译（5套）-2022-2023学年高一下期中英语必考题型精准练（上海专用）

这是一份【期中精准练】专题04：阅读理解A篇记叙文类（8套）+ 句子翻译（5套）-2022-2023学年高一下期中英语必考题型精准练（上海专用），共27页。
2022-2023学年高一下期中必考题型精准练
专题04：阅读理解A篇记叙文类（8套）+ 句子翻译（5套）



一、 阅读理解
第一套
（2022春·高一上海南汇中学校考期中）I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school, but making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6 o'clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who had never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.
The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour.
After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other opinions have become only too clear. When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy rewrites seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true.
These lessons I’m learning, however valuable, are always tinged with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added.
My experiences in the factories has inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.
1．What does the author think of his summer days while at college?
A．They brought him nothing but torture.
B．They were no holiday for him at all.
C．They were a relief from his hard work at school.
D．They offered him a chance to know more people.
2．What does the author say about college students?
A．They expect too much from the real world. B．They have little interest in blue-collar life.
C．They have a feeling of trust in themselves. D．They are not confident of their future.
3．In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him?
A．He learned to be more practical. B．He acquired a sense of urgency.
C．He came to respect blue-collar workers. D．He came to appreciate his college education.
4．Why does the author feel somewhat guilty?
A．He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers.
B．He looks down upon the mechanical work at the assembly line.
C．He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory.
D．He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world.
【答案】1．B    2．C    3．D    4．A
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过介绍假期打工的经历，谈论了打工的经历使他更加珍惜大学的时光，开始理解大学教育的意义。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. (我的朋友们似乎从来不明白为什么我回到学校会如此欣慰，或者为什么我的暑假根本不是一个假期)”可知，作者认为他大学时的暑假根本不是假期。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中 “There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. (很少有人像大学生那样自信，但他们从来没有接触过现实世界。我这个年纪的人似乎总是高估自己时间和知识的价值)”可知，作者认为大学生非常自信。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true. (在看到了不上学会做什么之后， 当我再次回到大学，逃课和偷懒重写的行为就似乎太不负责任了。所有关于教育价值的建议和公共服务公告，过去听起来很陈旧，但现在听起来很真实)”以及最后一段 “My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. (我在工厂的经历激励着我，在我进入真正的世界之前，我要充分利用我的大学时光)”可知，作者的打工经历使他开始理解大学教育的意义，从而改变了他。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These lessons I’m learning, however precious, are always tinged (带有) with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. (虽然这些教训很宝贵，但我总是感到内疚。很 多人都在我短暂工作过的地方度过一生，在我只呆了一次且只有两个月的地方度过30年)”和同事所说“This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,(这份工作薪水不错，但却很累人) ”可推断，作者感到内疚是因为他意识到他的生活和蓝领工人的生活有很大的差距。故选A。
第二套
（2022秋·上海·高一七宝中学期中）An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more leisurely life with his wife enjoying his extended family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. They could get by.
The employer was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to inferior workmanship and used cheap materials. It was an unfortunate way to end his career.
When the carpenter finished his work, the employer came to inspect the house and handed the front-door key to the carpenter. "This is your house," he said, "my gift to you."
What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well.
So it is with us. At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized, we would have done it differently.
Think of yourself as the carpenter. Think about your house. Each day you hammer a nail, place a board, or erect a wall. Build wisely. It is the only life you will ever build. Even if you live it for only one day more, that day deserves to be lived with dignity.
5．Why did the carpenter decide to retire according to the passage?
A．He didn't get his paycheck from his boss on time.
B．The employer was not satisfied with his work.
C．He planned to start his own house building business.
D．He wanted to spend more time with his family.
6．The last house built by the carpenter was________.
A．better than his expectation B．far from satisfactory
C．a gift to the employer D．built with heart and soul
7．From the text we can infer that the carpenter was very________ when the employer gave him the key.
A．grateful B．disappointed
C．cheerful D．regretful
8．Which of the following can bets summarize the main idea of the passage?
A．Don't cry over spilt milk. B．Opportunity only knocks once.
C．Life is what you make it. D．Honesty is the best policy.
【答案】5．D    6．B    7．D    8．C
【分析】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。一名木匠在退休之前被要求再建一套房子，他不认真对待，粗制滥造，在得知这套房子就是雇主送给他的房子之后后悔不已。本文通过这个故事告诉我们，生活是自己创造的，我们在任何时候都要尽自己最大的努力。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“He told his employer of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more leisurely life with his wife enjoying his extended family. ”（他告诉老板他打算离开建筑行业，与老伴儿孙团聚，过一种更悠闲的生活。）可知，木匠决定退休是因为他想要多陪伴家人。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to inferior workmanship and used cheap materials. ”（木匠答应了，但是很明显，他的心已经不在工作上了。他采用劣质的工艺和廉价的材料。）可知，木匠最后建的房子远远不能令人满意。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“What a shock! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently. Now he had to live in the home he had built none too well.”（震惊了 ！真遗憾！如果他早知道他是在盖自己的房子，他会做得完全不同。 现在他不得不住在自己建造的那所粗劣不堪的房子里。）可以推测，当得知雇主给他这套房子的钥匙时，他应该是懊悔的。故选D项。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“At important points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have created and find that we are now living in the house we have built. If we had realized, we would have done it differently.”（在重要的时刻，我们没有尽最大的努力。蓦然回首，我们愕然发现自己正住在自己建造的那所房子里。如果我们意识到了，我们就会采取不同的做法。）并结合最后一段关键句“Think about your house. Each day you hammer a nail, place a board, or erect a wall. Build wisely. It is the only life you will ever build. ”（想想你的房子。 每天你都要钉钉、铺板、砌墙。 明智地构建。 这是你唯一能建造的生活。）可知，本文想要告诉我们，我们的生活是我们自己创造的，因此，要在任何时候都要尽自己最大的努力。C选项“Life is what you make it.”（生活是你自己创造的。）符合文章主旨。故选C项。

第三套
（2022·上海·高一上海交大附中校考期中）Recently I attended several meetings where we talked about ways to attract students and keep younger faculty members from going elsewhere. It seems higher education has become an industry of meeting-holders whose task is to “solve” problems — real or imagined. And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired — not to teach but to hold meetings — has increased significantly. Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer. Take our Center for Teaching Excellence. Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology in classrooms and in online courses. It's an administrative sham (欺诈) of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years.
I offer a simple proposal in response: Many of our problems — class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being — might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic (官僚的) mechanisms and meetings and hiring an army of good teachers instead.
If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher. This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other. The teachers must be free to teach in their own way — the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course.
Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded for doing it well. Teachers are not people who are great at and consumed by research and happen to appear in a classroom. Good teaching and research are not exclusive, but they are also not automatic companions. Teaching is an art and a craft, talent and practice; it is not something that just anyone can be good at. It is utterly confusing to me that people do not recognize this, despite the fact that pretty much anyone who has been a student can tell the difference between their best and worst teachers.
9．What does the author say about present-day universities?
A．They are effectively addressing real or imagined problems.
B．They often fail to combine teaching with research.
C．They are over-burdened with administrative staff
D．They lack talent to fix their deepening problems.
10．According to the author, what kind of people do universities lack most?
A．Good classroom teachers.
B．Efficient administrators.
C．Talented researchers.
D．Motivated students.
11．What does the author imply about the classes at present?
A．They facilitate students' independent learning.
B．They help students form closer relationships.
C．They have more older students than before.
D．They are much bigger than is desirable.
12．What is the author’s suggestion for improving university teaching?
A．Creating an environment for teachers to share their teaching experiences.
B．Hiring more classroom teachers and allowing them to teach in their own way.
C．Using high technology in classrooms and promoting exchange of in formation.
D．Cutting down meetings and encouraging administrative staff to go to classrooms.
【答案】9．C    10．A    11．D    12．B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己参加的教学会议以及在三所不同学院担任教授的经历指出了如今大学教育存在的问题。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired — not to teach but to hold meetings — has increased significantly. Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer. Take our Center for Teaching Excellence. Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology in classrooms and in online courses. It's an administrative sham (欺诈) of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years.(在我担任三所不同学院的教授期间，教育年轻学生和高年级的学生方面的实际问题已经加深，而雇佣的人——不是教书而是开会的人数也大大增加。每一个新问题都会为管理修正者创造一份新工作。以我们的卓越教学中心为例。与其名称相反，该中心是一个信息交流中心，用于在教室和在线课程中使用技术。这是行政上的假象，在过去30年里成倍增长)”可知，作者认为，现在大学雇佣了大量的行政人员，负担过重。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“hiring an army of good teachers instead(招聘一支优秀的教师队伍)”及第三段“If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher.(如果我们把一半的行政人员换成了课堂老师，我们可能会让大多数班级的每个老师都有20个或更少的学生)”可知，作者认为大学里最缺的是优秀的课堂教师。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第三段“If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher. This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other.(如果我们把一半的行政人员换成了课堂老师，我们可能会让大多数班级的每个老师都有20个或更少的学生，这将是一个师生真正相互了解的环境)”可知，作者认为，现在的课堂规模比理想的要大得多，故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段“If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher.(如果我们把一半的行政人员换成了课堂老师，我们可能会让大多数班级的每个老师都有20个或更少的学生)”及“The teachers must be free to teach in their own way — the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course.(教师必须自由地以自己的方式教学——课程应该足够灵活，以便他们能够利用自己的个人才能实现课程目标)”可知，对于如何改进大学教学，作者的建议是：聘请更多的课堂教师，并让他们按自己的方式教学。故选B。

第四套
（2022·上海·高一上海市大同中学校考期中）I was dirty, smelly, hungry and somewhere beneath all that, suntanned. It was the end of an Inter-Rail (欧洲旅游火车通票) holiday. My body couldn’t take any more punishment. My mind couldn’t deal with any more foreign timetables, currencies or languages.
“Never again,” I said, as I stepped onto home ground. I said exactly the same thing the following year. And the next. All I had to do was buy one train ticket and, because I was under twenty-five years old, I could spend a whole month going anywhere I wanted in Europe. Ordinary beds are never the same once you’ve learnt to sleep in the passage of a train, the rhythm rocking you into a deep sleep.
Carrying all your possessions on your back in a rucksack (背包) makes you have a very basic approach to travel, and encourages incredible wastefulness that can lead to burning socks that have become too anti-social, and getting rid of books when finished. On the other hand, this way of looking at life is entirely in the spirit of Inter-Rail, for common sense and reasoning can be thrown out of the window along with the paperback book and the socks. All it takes to achieve this carefree attitude is one of those tickets in your hand.
Any system that enables young people to travel through countries at a rate of more than one a day must be pretty social. On that first trip, my friends and I were at first unaware of the possibilities of this type of train ticket, thinking it was just an inexpensive way of getting to and from our chosen camp-site in southern France. But the idea of non-stop travel proved too attractive, for there was always just one more country over the border, always that little bit further to go. And what did the extra miles cost us? Nothing.
We were not completely uninterested in culture. But this was a first holiday without parents, as it was for most other Inter-Railers, and in organizing our own timetable we left out everything except the most available sights. This was the chance to escape the guided tour, an opportunity to do something different. I took great pride in the fact that, in many places, all I could be bothered to see was the view from the station. We were just there to get by, and to have good time doing so. In this we were no different from most of the other Inter-Railers with whom we shared passage floors, food and water, money and music.
The excitement of travel comes from the sudden reality of somewhere that was previously just a name. It is as if the city in which you arrive never actually existed until the train pulls in at the station and you are able to see it with your own tired eyes for the first time.
13．What does the writer mean by “this way of looking at life” in Paragraph 3?
A．Worrying about your clothes. B．Throwing unwanted things away.
C．Behaving in an anti-social way. D．Looking after your possessions.
14．Why did the writer originally buy an Inter-Rail ticket?
A．To get to one place cheaply. B．To meet other young people.
C．To see a lot of famous places. D．To go on a tour of Europe.
15．What the writer liked about traveling without his parents was that_____.
A．he could see more interesting places B．he could spend more time sightseeing
C．he could stay away from home longer D．he could make his own decisions
16．What does “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 6 refer to?
A．A name. B．The city. C．The train. D．The station.
【答案】13．B    14．A    15．D    16．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过国际铁路旅行的经历及其感受。
13．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Carrying all your possessions on your back in a rucksack (背包) makes you have a very basic approach to travel, and encourages incredible wastefulness that can lead to burning socks that have become too anti-social, and getting rid of books when finished. On the other hand, this way of looking at life is entirely in the spirit of Inter-Rail, for common sense and reasoning can be thrown out of the window along with the paperback book and the socks. (把你所有的东西都背在背包里，这让你有了一个非常基本的旅行方式，并鼓励难以置信的浪费可能会导致你想烧掉的那些已经变得太反社会的袜子，并在读完书后扔掉书。另一方面，this way of looking at life完全符合国际铁路的精神，因为常识和推理可以与平装书和袜子一起被抛到窗外)”可知，作者通过国际铁路旅行，可以忽视常识和推理，把看过的书和臭袜子等一起扔出窗外，可得出“this way of looking at life”指的是“扔掉不需要的东西”。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。由第四段中的“On that first trip, my friends and I were at first unaware of the possibilities of this type of train ticket, thinking it was just an inexpensive way of getting to and from our chosen camp-site in southern France. (在第一次旅行中，我和我的朋友一开始并不知道这种火车票的可能性，认为这只是一种往返于我们选择的法国南部营地的廉价方式)”可知，作者最初购买国际火车票是因为这种交通方式可以让人便宜到达一个地方。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。由第五段中的“But this was a first holiday without parents, as it was for most other Inter-Railers, and in organizing our own timetable we left out everything except the most available sights. (但这是第一个没有父母的假期，就像大多数其他国际旅行者一样，在安排我们自己的时间表时，我们忽略了除了最常见的景点之外的一切)”可知，作者喜欢没有父母的旅行是因为作者可以自己做决定，安排自己的时间表。故选D项。
16．词句猜测题。由第六段中的“It is as if the city in which you arrive never actually existed until the train pulls in at the station and you are able to see it with your own tired eyes for the first time. (就好像你到达的城市从未真正存在过，直到火车进站，你才能够第一次用疲惫的眼睛看到it)”可知，该句关键词是城市，可得出it指代上文的“城市（The city）”。故选B项。

第五套
（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）Around this time last winter, at a gymnasium 45 minutes outside Budapest, I was surprised to come across a group of roughly 30 men and women with wooden axes (斧子). They had gathered to practice something called Baranta, perhaps the youngest of the world’s so-called traditional martial arts(武术).
While they took turns swinging and blocking, one member of the group, a beefy man with a tight, gray, military-style haircut, walked over to where I was standing and began excitedly talking to me in Hungarian. Even with the help of a translator, I had difficulty keeping up with what he was saying. Perhaps sensing this, he pulled out his phone to show me a series of videos, in which several groups were practicing Baranta.
The name Baranta, I later learned, originates from an old Hungarian word meaning, roughly, “to attack.” Today, it refers to a fighting style based on a mixture of Hungarian folk dancing, Mongolian wrestling, and the imagined fighting skills of its practitioners’ ancestors. Kata Babinszki, a student at the University of Pécs who is writing an essay on Baranta, told me that the practice dates to the early 1990s. At that time, small groups of Hungarians began plunging into their country’s past, looking back to its history as part of the Austro-Hungarian empire, to its time as a kingdom, and even to the period when Hungarians were horsemen travelling across the edges of eastern Europe and possibly central Asia.
Baranta clubs have formed in most major Hungarian cities and in many smaller villages, Babinszki says. These new “traditionalists” are interested in taking up archery and horseback riding and organizing giant “tribal meetings” at which they dress in Mongolian-style coats and hats.
Though many of these trappings are rooted less in historical fact than in wistful imagination, few Hungarians seem interested in quibbling over their authenticity. “They’re reaching back to a time when our knowledge is very uncertain,” says Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in Budapest who has studied Hungarian traditionalists. “Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically accurate. Everything can be transformed and created.” Even tradition.
17．Why did the beefy man show the writer a series of videos?
A．He was trying to sell the writer these videos.
B．He found the writer couldn’t understand his words.
C．He had difficulty translating English into Hungarian.
D．He wanted the writer to show him how to practice Baranta.
18．According to the passage, what happened in the early 1990s?
A．Baranta made a comeback in Hungary.
B．Baranta clubs moved from villages to major cities
C．Some Hungarians began exploring the country’s history.
D．Some Hungarians became interested in Mongolian martial arts.
19．The phrase “quibbling over” (in the last paragraph) most probably means “________”.
A．arguing about B．handing over
C．insisting on D．engaging in
20．Vendel Teszler is quoted in the last paragraph in order to show ________.
A．tradition changes with time no matter how old it is
B．the history of Hungary remains a mystery to many people
C．wishful imagination appeals more to people than historical fact
D．what traditionalists believe in may not be true to the fact
【答案】17．D    18．C    19．A    20．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了去年冬天作者偶遇了一群练习一种被叫做Baranta的一群人，从而了解到了一些与Baranta这种世界上最年轻的所谓的传统武术有关的一些历史情况。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They had gathered to practice something called Baranta, perhaps the youngest of the world’s so-called traditional martial arts(武术).(他们聚在一起练习一种叫做Baranta的武术，这可能是世界上最年轻的所谓传统武术。)”以及第二段“Perhaps sensing this, he pulled out his phone to show me a series of videos, in which several groups were practicing Baranta.(也许是察觉到了这一点，他拿出手机给我看了一系列视频，里面有几个小组在练习Baranta。)”可知这位健硕的男士与他的同伴们正在练习Baranta，所以这位健硕的男士给我看手机里的视频是想让我教他们如何练习Baranta。故选D项。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Kata Babinszki, a student at the University of Pécs who is writing an essay on Baranta, told me that the practice dates to the early 1990s. At that time, small groups of Hungarians began plunging into their country’s past, looking back to its history as part of the Austro-Hungarian empire, to its time as a kingdom, and even to the period when Hungarians were horsemen travelling across the edges of eastern Europe and possibly central Asia.(Pécs大学的学生Kata babinzki正在写一篇关于Baranta的文章，他告诉我，这种做法可以追溯到上世纪90年代初。那时，一小群匈牙利人开始回顾他们国家的过去，回顾它作为奥匈帝国一部分的历史，回顾它作为一个王国的时期，甚至匈牙利人骑马穿越东欧边缘，可能还有中亚的时期。)”可知在20世纪90年代早期一群匈牙利人开始探索匈牙利这个国家的历史。故选C项。
19．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“These new “traditionalists” are interested in taking up archery and horseback riding and organizing giant “tribal meetings” at which they dress in Mongolian-style coats and hats.(这些新的“传统主义者”对射箭和骑马感兴趣，并组织大型“部落会议”，他们穿着蒙古风格的外套和帽子。)”以及最后一段第一句“Though many of these trappings are rooted less in historical fact than in wistful imagination,(尽管许多这样的装饰与其说是源于历史事实，不如说是源于怀旧的想象，)”以及““They’re reaching back to a time when our knowledge is very uncertain,” says Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in Budapest who has studied Hungarian traditionalists. “Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically accurate. Everything can be transformed and created.” Even tradition.(“他们回到了一个我们的知识非常不确定的时代，”布达佩斯Eõtvõs Loránd大学研究匈牙利传统主义者的教授Vendel Teszler说。“没有人能确切地告诉他们什么服装是历史上最准确的。一切都可以被改造和创造。”即使是传统。)”可知这些新的“传统主义者”在探索匈牙利历史的道路上所遵循追求的传统只是一种怀旧的形式，至于是不是与原来的传统真正一致，很少有人去辩解。因为一切都是可以被改造和创造的。即使是传统。所以此处划线词quibbling over的意思应与arguing over意思相近。故选A项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““They’re reaching back to a time when our knowledge is very uncertain,” says Vendel Teszler, a professor at Eõtvõs Loránd University, in Budapest who has studied Hungarian traditionalists. “Nobody can tell them exactly what clothing is historically accurate. Everything can be transformed and created.” Even tradition.(布达佩斯Eõtvõs Loránd大学研究匈牙利传统主义者的教授Vendel Teszler说：“他们回到了一个我们的知识非常不确定的时代。没有人能确切地告诉他们什么服装是历史上最准确的。一切都可以被改造和创造。”即使是传统。)”可知在教授Vendel Teszler看来匈牙利的这些新的“传统主义者”所穿的服装有可能不一定是历史上本来的样子，因为一切都可以被改造和创造。即使是传统。所以作者在最后一段引用了Vendel Teszler的话目的是为了来说明传统主义者所相信的未必是真的。故选D项。

第六套
One day in l965, when I worked at View Ridge School in Seattle, a fourth-grade teacher approached me. She had a student who finished his work before all the others and needed a challenge. "Could he help in the library?" She asked. I said, "Send him along."
　　Soon a slight, sandy-haired boy in jeans and a T-shift appeared. "Do you have a job for me?" he asked.
　　I told him about the Dewey Decimal System for shelving books. He picked up the idea immediately. Then I showed him a stack of cards for long-overdue books that I was beginning to think had actually been returned but were misshelved with the wrong cards in them. He said, "Is it kind of a detective job?" I answered yes, and he became working.
　　He had found three books with wrong cards by the time his teacher opened the door and announced, "Time for break!" He argued for finishing the finding job; She made the case for fresh air. She won.
　　The next morning, he arrived early. "I want to finish these books," he said. At the end of the day, when he asked to be a librarian on a regular basis, it was easy to say yes. He worked untiringly.
　　After a few weeks I found a note on my desk, inviting me to dinner at the boy's home. At the end of a pleasant evening, his mother announced that the family would be moving to neighbouring school district. Her son's first concern, she said, was leaving the View Ridge library. "Who will find the lost books?" he asked.
　　When the time came, I said a reluctant good-bye. I missed him, but not for long. A few days later he came back and joyfully announced: "The librarian over there doesn't let boys work in the library. My mother got me transferred back to View Ridge. My dad will drop me off on his way to work. And if he can’t, I'll walk!"
I should have had an inkling(感觉) such focused determination would take that young man wherever he wanted to go. What I could not have guessed, however, was that he would become a wizard of the Information Age: Bill Gates, tycoon of Microsoft and America's richest man.
65. What was the author when the story happened?
A. A teacher. B. A librarian. C. A detective. D. A professor.
66. What was the boy told to do on his first day in the library?
A. To rearrange the books according to the new system.
B. To put those overdue books back to the shelves.
C. To find out the books with wrong cards in them.
D. To put the cards back in the long-overdue books.
67. The boy got transferred back to View Ridge because _______.
A. he did not like his life in the new school
B. the transportation there was not convenient
C. he missed his old schoolmates and teachers
D. he was not allowed to work in the school library
68. What impressed the author most was that the boy _______.
A. had a thirst for learning B. had a strong will
C. was extremely quick at learning D. had a kind heart
答案： BCDB
分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者回忆曾经比尔盖茨作图书管理员是发生的事，他坚强的意志给作者留下深刻的印象，最终成为世界首富．
解答 
65. B。细节理解题。根据前三段老师把小比亚盖茨带到作者那里，并安排整理图书馆的事情，可知作者是一位图书管理员，故答案选B。
66. C.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句He had found three books with wrong cards by the time .........
可知，是让他从书架上找出书卡放错的图书；故选C．
67.D．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段"‘The librarian over there doesn't let boys work in the library．My mother got me transferred back to View Ridge．'"可知，他因不能在新学校的图书馆工作而要求转回原来的学校；故选D．
68.B推理题。根据文章第五段"At the end of the day，when he asked to be a librarian on a regular basis，it was easy to say yes．He worked untiringly"可知给作者印象最深的是那个男孩坚强的意志；故选B．
点评： 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

第七套
A month after Hurricane Katrina, I returned home in New Orleans. There lay my house, reduced to waist-high ruins, smelly and dirty.
Before the trip, I’d had my car fixed. When the office employee of the garage was writing up the bill, she noticed my Louisiana license plate(牌照). “You from New Orleans?” she asked. I said I was. “No charge,” she said, and firmly shook her head when I reached for my wallet. The next day I went for a haircut, and the same thing happened.
As my wife was studying in Florida, we decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage(抵押贷款) on our ruined house. We looked at many places, but none was satisfactory. We’d begun to accept that we’d have to live in extremely reduced circumstances for a while, when I got a very curious e-mail from a James Kennedy in California. He’d read some pieces I’d written about our sufferings for Slate, the online magazine and wanted to give us (“no conditions attached”) a new house across the lake from New Orleans. It sounded too good to be true, but I replied, thanking him for his exceptional generosity(特别慷慨), that we had no plans to go back. Then a poet at the University of Florida offered to let his house to me while he went to England on his one-year paid leave. The rent was rather reasonable. I mentioned the poet’s offer to James Kennedy, and the next day he sent a check (支票) covering our entire rent for eight months. Throughout this painful experience, the kindness of strangers has done much to bring back my faith in humanity (人道,慈爱). It’s almost worth losing your worldly possessions (财产) to be reminded that people are really nice when given half a chance.
64.The garage employee’s attitude toward the author was that of ______.
A. unconcern                 B. sympathy (同情)
C. doubt                       D. tolerance (宽容)
65.What do we know about James Kennedy?
A. He was a writer of an online magazine.
B. He was a poet at the University of Florida.
C. He offered the author a new house free of charge.
D. He learned about the author’s sufferings.
66.It can be inferred (推断) from the text that ______.
A. the author’s family was in financial (财政的) difficulty
B. rents were comparatively reasonable despite the disaster
C. houses were difficult to find in the hurricane-stricken area
D. the mortgage on the ruined house was paid off by the bank
67.The author learned from his experience that ______.
A. worldly possessions can be given up when necessary
B. generosity should be encouraged in some cases
C. people benefit from their sad stories
D. human beings are kind after all 　
答案：BCAD
解析:
本文主要讲述作者在遭遇飓风袭击毁坏房屋之后受到很多陌生人仁慈的帮助，之后作者感悟到虽然遭遇了痛苦的经历，但是他们的爱心使他坚定了对人性的坚信。
【小题64】 推理判断题。不收费说明了车库员工对作者的同情之心。
【小题65】 细节理解题。从文章第三段最后一句话可判断C正确。
【小题66】 推理判断题。从文章第三段第一句话可判断A正确。
【小题67】 推理判断题。从文章最后一段作者的感悟中可看到D项正确。
第八套
I was at the funeral of my dearest friend--my mother. She finally had lost her long battle with cancer. The hurt was so intense; I found it hard to breathe at times. Always supportive, Mother clapped loudest at my school plays, held the box of tissues while listening to my first heartbreak, comforted me at my father's death, and prayed for me my entire life.
When mother's illness was diagnosed, my sister had a new baby and my brother had recently married his childhood sweetheart, so it fell on me, the 27-year-old middle child, to take care of her. I counted it an honor. My place had been with our mother, preparing her meals, taking her to the doctor, reading the Bible together.  Now she was in heaven. My work was finished, but I was alone.
Deep in sorrow, suddenly, I heard a door open and slam shut at the back of the church. Quick footsteps hurried along the carpeted floor. A young man looked around briefly and then sat next to me. He folded his hands and placed them on his lap. His eyes started to be filled with tears.
"I'm late," he explained, though no explanation was necessary.
After several eulogies, he leaned over and commented, "Why do they keep calling Mary by the name of Margaret?''
"Because, that was her name, Margaret. Never Mary." I whispered, wondering who the stranger was anyway.
"Isn't this the Lutheran church?"
"No, the Lutheran church is across the street."
"Oh..."
"I believe you're at the wrong funeral, Sir."
The solemness(庄重) of the occasion mixed with the realization of the man's mistake bubbled up inside me and came out as laughter. Sharp looks from other mourners(哀悼者) only made the situation seem more stupid. I peeked at the confused, misguided man seated beside me. He was laughing too, as he glanced around, deciding it was too late for an uneventful exit. I imagined Mother laughing.
At the final 'Amen,' we rushed out a door and into the parking lot. "I do believe we'll be the talk of the town. By the way, my name is Rick." he smiled.
That afternoon began a lifelong journey for me with this man who attended the wrong funeral, but was in the right place. A year after our meeting, we were married at a country church. This time we both arrived at the same church, right on time.
In my time of sorrow, God gave me laughter. In place of loneliness, God gave me love. This past June, we celebrated our twenty-second wedding anniversary. Whenever anyone asks us how we met, Rick tells them, 'Her mother and my Aunt Mary introduced us, and it's truly a match made in heaven.'
1. Only author could take care of her mom mainly because ________.
A. she was the only child in the family
B. a lovely baby came into her brother’s family
C. she was the only child without a new family’s burden
D. her mom loved her much more than other children
2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The author and Rick met 22 years ago for the first time.
B. The author was supposed to have been in Lutheran Church.
C. Margaret should be the name of Rick’s aunt.
D. The mourners considered the author’s joy improper.
3. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. Hope Remaining at the Funeral B. A Heavenly Encounter
C. Two Funerals at One Time D. Seeking God’s Everlasting Love
【答案】1.C 2. D 3.B
【分析】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“my sister had a new baby and my brother had recently married his childhood sweetheart…”,故选C。
推断题。根据文章The author and Rick应该是23年前第一次相遇。应该是Rick在 Lutheran Church。Rick’s aunt 的名字是Mary。从“…came out as laughter. Sharp looks (犀利的目光)from other mourners(哀悼者)…”判断D。
根据全文，且最后一段的“Whenever anyone asks us how we met, Rick tells them, 'Her mother and my Aunt Mary introduced us, and it's truly a match made in heaven.”，选B。

二、 句子翻译
第一套
1．（2022秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期中）尽管存在一些缺点，但网上外卖服务对那些住得离超市很远的人来说非常有用。(despite) (汉译英)
【答案】Despite some drawbacks, online delivery services can be very useful for those who live far from a supermarket.
【详解】考查介词、短语和定语从句。介词despite表示“尽管”之意，后接名词或动名词形式。online delivery service网上外卖服务；be useful for对……有用；far from远离。句中先行词为those，代指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。根据句意，故翻译为Despite some drawbacks, online delivery services can be very useful for those who live far from a supermarket.
2．（2022秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期中）作为六朝古都，南京无疑是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。(doubt) (汉译英)
【答案】As the ancient capital of the six dynasties, Nanjing is undoubtedly one of the most popular tourist destinations in China.
【详解】考查短语和时态。ancient capital古都； six dynasties六朝；undoubtedly无疑地；tourist destination旅游目的地。one of + the +形容词最高级+复数名词。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意以及主谓一致，故填As the ancient capital of the six dynasties, Nanjing is undoubtedly one of the most popular tourist destinations in China.
3．（2022秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期中）雨天经常发生交通事故，因为有些驾驶员不太注意潮湿的路面状况。(regard) (汉译英)
【答案】Traffic accidents often happen on rainy days because some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions.
【详解】考查动词、固定搭配、原因状语从句等。分析汉语句意可知，此处可处理为because引导的原因状语从句；表示“雨天经常发生交通事故”可转换为以交通事故为主语的简单句，即traffic accidents often happen on rainy days，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数；表示“有些驾驶员不太注意潮湿的路面状况”可用some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions，根据要求，表示“不太注意”可用固定短语show little regard to，主语为复数，谓语动词也用复数。此处是在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时即可。故翻译为Traffic accidents often happen on rainy days because some drivers show little regard to the wet road conditions.
4．（2022秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期中）从长远来看，回收包装对环境有积极的影响。(impact)(汉译英)
【答案】Recycling packaging has a positive impact on the environment in the long run.
【详解】考查名词和固定短语等。分析汉语句意可知，表示“从长远来看”可用固定短语in the long run；表示“回收包装”可用recycle packaging；表示“对环境有积极影响”可用短语have a positive impact on the environment。整个句子可以recycle packaging作为主语，故需用动名词形式，主语为单数，谓语也应用单数形式，此处是在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时即可。故翻译为Recycling packaging has a positive impact on the environment in the long run.。
5．（2022春·上海·高一上海市大同中学校考期中）你能否得到一份工作一定程度上取决于你在面试中的表现。(determine) （汉译英）
【答案】Your performance in the interview will partly determine whether you will get the job or not.
【详解】考查名词，时态和宾语从句。句子可理解为“你在面试中的表现将在一定程度上决定你是否能得到这份工作”，根据句意可知，句子时态用一般将来时，“你在面试中的表现”是your performance in the interview，“将在一定程度上决定”是will partly determine，“你是否能得到这份工作”用whether引导的宾语从句，是whether you will get the job or not，因此整句话翻译为“Your performance in the interview will partly determine whether you will get the job or not”。故答案为Your performance in the interview will partly determine whether you will get the job or not.

第二套
6．（2022春·上海·高一上海市大同中学校考期中）出席开幕典礼的嘉宾都愿意捐钱给这个新成立的慈善组织。(present) (汉译英)
【答案】All the guests present at the opening ceremony are willing to donate money to the new charity.
【详解】考查形容词和时态。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“嘉宾”为名词guests；表示“出席的”为形容词present，作后置定语修饰前面的名词guests；表示“在开幕典礼上”应为介词短语at the opening ceremony；表示“愿意做”应为固定短语be willing to do，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，因主语guests为复数形式，此处be动词为are；表示“捐赠……给……”为动词短语donate sth to…；表示“钱”为名词money；表示“新成立的慈善组织”为名词短语the new charity。故翻译为：All the guests present at the opening ceremony are willing to donate money to the new charity。
7．（2022春·上海·高一上海市大同中学校考期中）他面对如此棘手的问题，感到束手无策。 (Such…; face) (汉译英)
【答案】Faced with such a tricky problem, he felt helpless.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句子描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时，主语“他”he，“感到束手无策”使用系表结构，译为feel helpless，其中动词使用过去式形式felt，“面对”be faced with，“如此棘手的问题”such a tricky problem，作介词with的宾语，分析句子结构，be faced with在句中作非谓语，去掉be动词即可，其中过去分词形式faced置于句首作状语，首字母大写。故翻译为Faced with such a tricky problem, he felt helpless.
8．（2022春·上海·高一上海市大同中学校考期中）他的父母为儿子考入复旦大学而倍感自豪。 (pride; admit) (汉译英)
【答案】His parents take pride in his/him being admitted to Fudan University.
【详解】考查短语、动词和名词。表示“倍感自豪”应用短语take pride in，由于主语“他的父母（his parents）”为复数，且句意描述一般性现象或事实，应用一般现在时；表示“考入（某所大学）；被（某所大学）录取”应使用动词短语be admitted to，再结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为：His parents take pride in his/him being admitted to Fudan University.。
9．（2022秋·上海·高一上海中学校考期中）艺术家们赞不绝口的中国山水画展现了对人与自然和谐关系的追求。(praise n.) （汉译英）
【答案】Chinese landscape paintings, which win high praise from artists, show the pursuit of a harmonious relationship between man and nature.
【详解】考查短语、时态、语态和定语从句。 landscape painting山水画，风景画；the pursuit of……的追求；harmonious relationship和谐关系；between...and...在……和……之间。句中先行词为Chinese landscape paintings，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。且与动词praise之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为Chinese landscape paintings, which are highly praised by artists, show the pursuit of a harmonious relationship between man and nature.
10．（2022秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第一附属中学校考期中）背诵单词，切莫苛求数量和频率，持之以恒方能见效。(a difference) (汉译英)
【答案】During reciting words, do not demand quantity and frequency and perseverance can make a difference.
【详解】考查固定短语。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“背诵单词时”用during reciting words；表示“不要苛求数量和频率”用do not demand quantity and frequency ，此处为祈使句的否定结构；表示“持之以恒”用perseverance；表示“起到作用，见效果”用make a difference，前后两句构成并列关系，使用and连接。故翻译为：During reciting words, do not demand quantity and frequency and perseverance can make a difference。

第三套
1．（2022秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第一附属中学校考期中）究竟是什么使得这幢房屋防风防雨？(It)(汉译英)
【答案】What is it that exactly protects this house from wind and rain?
【详解】考查强调句。表示“什么”应用特殊疑问词what作主语；表示“防止”应用动词短语protect...from...；表示“使得这幢房屋防风防雨”套用短语为protects this house from wind and rain；表示“究竟”用副词exactly；本句需要强调主语“什么”，使用强调句的特殊疑问句式为：what+is+it+that+其他部分。故翻译为What is it that exactly protects this house from wind and rain?
2．（2022秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第一附属中学校考期中）故宫历经十多年建成，如今虽无昔日的辉煌，但一砖一瓦仍在述说着历史。(take) (汉译英)
【答案】After it took more than a decade to build the Palace Museum, it is not its former glory, but brick and tiles are still telling history.
【详解】考查动词、短语和固定句式。表示“十多年”短语为more than a decade;作动词的宾语；表示“昔日的辉煌”短语为former glory; “述说着历史”短语为tell history.表示“花时间做某事”应用it take+一段时间+不定式（真正主语），根据句意可知本句“故宫历经十多年建成”在整个句子中做时间状语，应使用After引导，时态应是一般过去时：After it took more than a decade to build the Palace Museum. 后半句是一个but连接的并列句，根据句意应使用一般现在时和现在进行时。故翻译为After it took more than a decade to build the Palace Museum, it is not its former glory, but brick and tiles are still telling history。
3．（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）破晓时分轻推窗户，面对这壮观雪景，他不由吟诵：“千里冰霜，万里雪飘”。(help) （汉译英）
【答案】Pushing the window at dawn, in the face of this spectacular snow, he could not help chanting: “A hundred leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of whirling snow.”
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。分析所给中文提示词，可知本句谓语是不由吟诵，所以推窗户应该用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语他之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词做伴随状语，所以“破晓时分轻推窗户”译为“Pushing the window at dawn”，“面对这壮观雪景”同样做状语译为“in the face of this spectacular snow”，主语是“他”译为“he”，“不由吟诵”做谓语，根据题干要求要用help，并且描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“could not help chanting”，“千里冰霜，万里雪飘”译为“A hundred leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of whirling snow”。故译为：Pushing the window at dawn, in the face of this spectacular snow, he could not help chanting: “A hundred leagues locked in ice. A thousand leagues of whirling snow.”
4．（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）每当想起老师对他的期许，要将个人发展融入到祖国的大发展之中时，他就感到自己奋斗的深刻意义。（Each time） （汉译英）
【答案】Each time he remembered his teacher’s expectation that he should integrate his personal development into the great development of his country, he felt the profound significance of his struggle.
【详解】考查名词性从句和时间状语从句。根据提示可知，此处应用each time表示“每当”引导时间状语从句。表示“期许”应用名词expectation，表示“将……融入到……”应用动词短语integrate...into...，表示“个人发展”应用personal development，根据句意可知，表示“要将个人发展融入到祖国的大发展之中时”应为expectation的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，也不缺少意义，所以应用连接词that引导同位语从句。表示“深刻的”应用形容词profound，表示“意义”名词significance，表示“奋斗”应用名词struggle。根据句意可知，此处可理解为过去发生的事情，可用一般过去时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为Each time he remembered his teacher’s expectation that he should integrate his personal development into the great development of his country, he felt the profound significance of his struggle.
5．（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）遍布街头大大小小的咖啡馆错落有致，满足了都市人适应快节奏生活的需求。(adapt) （汉译英）
【答案】Large and small cafes are scattered all over the streets, meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the fast-paced life.
【详解】考查时态语态、短语和非谓语。“遍布”可用谓语动词scatter表示，主语“大大小小的咖啡馆”可译为large and small cafes，由句意可知，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以“遍布街头大大小小的咖啡馆错落有致”可译为Large and small cafes are scattered all over the streets；“满足……需求”可表达为短语meet the needs of，根据提示词，“适应”可用动词短语adapt to表示，“都市人”翻译为unban people，“快节奏生活”译为the fast-paced life，“满足了都市人适应快节奏生活的需求”在句中作结果状语，可用现在分词表示，即meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the fast-paced life。故答案为Large and small cafes are scattered all over the streets, meeting the needs of urban people to adapt to the fast-paced life.
第四套
6．（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）周末我计划去拜访一位葡萄牙的老朋友，此人精通理财之道。(who)(汉译英)
【答案】I am going to visit an old friend from Portugal this weekend, who knows a lot about money matters.
【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。根据汉语句意可知，表示“周末”可用this weekend；表示“计划去拜访”可用短语be going to visit sb；表示“一位葡萄牙的老朋友”可用an old friend from Portugal；后面的“此人精通理财之道”可以处理为定语从句，修饰前面的名词friend，可译为who knows a lot about money matters，关系代词who代替先行词在从句中做主语，因从句陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。故翻译为I am going to visit an old friend from Portugal this weekend, who knows a lot about money matters.
7．（2022秋·上海·高一复旦附中校考期中）在通向成功的道路上，我们既要保持热情也要沉着冷静。(stay)（汉译英）
【答案】On the way to success, we should stay both passionate and calm.
【详解】考查动词，短语及形容词。根据句意，本句描述一般事实，时态故用一般现在时。表示“在通往……的道路上”用短语On the way to；表示“成功”用名词success；表示“既……又……”用both…and…；表示“保持”用动词stay；表示“热情的”用形容词passionate；表示“沉着冷静的”用形容词calm。故答案为On the way to success, we should stay both passionate and calm.
8．（2022秋·上海·高一华师大二附中校考期中）不久后，游客就能通过虚拟导游了解属于唐朝的文化成就和历史文物。(It;belong)(汉译英)
【答案】It won't be long before visitors can be able to learn about cultural achievements and historical relics which belong to the Tang Dynasty through virtual guides.
【详解】考查固定句型、名词、动词短语、定语从句、介词短语。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“不久后……”可以为固定句型It won't be long before…；表示“游客”为名词visitors；表示“了解”应为动词短语learn about；表示“文化成就和历史文物”为名词短语cultural achievements and historical relics；其中表示“属于唐朝的文化成就和历史文物”可以为定语从句cultural achievements and historical relics which belong to the Tang Dynasty；表示“通过虚拟导游”应为介词短语through virtual guides。故翻译为：It won't be long before visitors can be able to learn about cultural achievements and historical relics which belong to the Tang Dynasty through virtual guides。
9．（2022秋·上海·高一华师大二附中校考期中）新教材教学目标明确，活动设计新颖，能极大地激发高中生学习英语的热情。(whose)(汉译英)
【答案】The new textbooks whose activity designs are novel, have clear teaching objectives, which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English.
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“新教材”应用the new textbooks；表示“教学目标明确”应用have clear teaching objectives，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“活动设计新颖”应用whose activity design is novel，使用whose引导定语从句；表示“能极大地激发高中生学习英语的热情”应用which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English，which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子。故翻译成The new textbooks whose activity designs are novel, have clear teaching objectives, which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English。
10．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期中）毫⽆疑问，网上送餐服务如今对老老少少的日常生活都有着巨大的影响。（There）（汉译英）
【答案】There is no doubt that online food delivery services have a huge impact on the daily lives of young and old people now.
【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，句中应用固定句型“There is no doubt that…”，意为“毫无疑问……”，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“online food delivery services”表示“网上送餐服务”，“have a huge impact on…”表示“对……有着巨大的影响”，“the daily lives of young and old people”表示“老老少少的日常生活”，“now”表示“如今”，作时间状语，“online food delivery services have a huge impact on the daily lives of young and old people now”表示“网上送餐服务如今对老老少少的日常生活都有着巨大的影响”，句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为There is no doubt that online food delivery services have a huge impact on the daily lives of young and old people now.
第五套
1．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期中）正是因为言行一致，Tom被选为班长。(It)(汉译英)
【答案】It was because his words and deeds are consistent that Tom was elected monitor.
【详解】考查强调句，原因状语从句和时态语态。此处为强调句“it be+被强调部分+that...”用一般过去时；表示“因为言行一致”用原因状语从句，翻译为because his words and deeds are consistent，为一般现在时；主语为Tom，表示“被选为班长”应用be elected monitor，为一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为It was because his words and deeds are consistent that Tom was elected monitor.
2．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期中）自从定居西安，这位科学家就为历史遗址的保护工作做出了巨大贡献。 (contribute)(汉译英)
【答案】Since he settled in Xi’an, the scientist has contributed greatly to the protection of historical sites.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。此处为since引导的时间状语从句，主语为he，表示“定居西安”翻译为settle in Xi’an，为一般过去时；主语为the scientist，表示“为历史遗址的保护工作做出了巨大贡献”翻译为contribute greatly to the protection of historical sites，为现在完成时。故翻译为Since he settled in Xi’an, the scientist has contributed greatly to the protection of historical sites.
3．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期中）只有当你将理论和实际相结合，你的关于金钱和健康身体的研究才有意义。 (combine)(汉译英)
【答案】Only when you combine theory with practice does your research on money and health make sense.
【详解】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致，状语从句和倒装。根据句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“只有当你将理论和实际相结合”翻译为only when you combine theory with practice，only修饰状语从句，位于句首时，主句部分要部分倒装，“你的关于金钱和健康身体的研究”翻译为your research on money and health，“有意义”是make sense，部分倒装句为“does your research on money and health make sense”，因此整句话翻译为“Only when you combine theory with practice does your research on money and health make sense”，故答案为Only when you combine theory with practice does your research on money and health make sense.
4．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市晋元高级中学校考期中）正是因为有了这些便利的在线外卖应用软件，尽管工作繁忙，我们还是可以享受到各种各样的食物。(It，despite) (汉译英)
【答案】It is because of these convenient online take-out applications that we can enjoy all kinds of food despite our busy work.
【详解】考查时态和强调句型。讲述事实，时态用一般现在时，本句可用“It be +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”强调句型结构，此处被强调部分是原因状语，连接词用that，because of (因为)，convenient (便利的)，online take-out applications (在线外卖应用软件)，enjoy (享受)，all kinds of (各种各样的)，despite (尽管)，句子谓语用“情态动词can+动词原形”，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：It is because of these convenient online take-out applications that we can enjoy all kinds of food despite our busy work.
5．（2022秋·上海·高一上海市晋元高级中学校考期中）不必要的包装不仅浪费资源，而且会增加我们制造的垃圾量。(Not only) (汉译英)
【答案】Not only does unnecessary packaging waste resources, but also increases the amount of waste we produce.
【详解】考查部分倒装。not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定句式，not only为否定词，放在句首应用部分倒装。主语packaging意为“包装”，为不可数名词，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，所以助动词应用does。表示“不必要的”应用形容词unnecessary，表示“浪费”应用动词waste，表示“资源”应用名词resources，表示“增加”应用动词increase，表示“数量”应用名词amount，表示“垃圾”应用名词waste，表示“制造”应用动词produce。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为waste，所以可省略关系词。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为Not only does unnecessary packaging waste resources, but also increases the amount of waste we produce.。