【期中精准练】专题09：2022-2023学年高一下期中考试模拟试题（二）-2022-2023学年高一下英语期中必考题型精准练（上海专用）

这是一份【期中精准练】专题09：2022-2023学年高一下期中考试模拟试题（二）-2022-2023学年高一下英语期中必考题型精准练（上海专用），共22页。试卷主要包含了缜密构思将每个要点进行简化重组等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一下期中必考题型精准练
专题09： 2022-2023学年高一下期中考试模拟试题（二）



Grammar and Vocabulary
SectionA
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given world: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（2023春·上海·高一曹杨二中校考阶段练习）
Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery Workers
A ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.
Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much___1___ (fast).
___2___it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason ___3___ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures ___4___ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.
E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police ___5___ also seize the bikes.
Many of New York’s delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours___6___ (earn) enough money to live on.
Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work ___7___ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food, which makes the workers’ supervisors angry.
Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union. He says ___8___ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.
Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, ___9___ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly aimed at low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument___10___ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.

Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

（2023春·上海·高一格致中学校考阶段练习）
A．established    B．cultural    C．freely    D．introduce    E. official F. release    
G. extremely    H. attraction    I. drew    J. unexpectedly K. mystery
A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure made its first show on CCTV on Sunday night. In the first episode, the Palace Museum in Beijing showcased three treasures. As a ___11___ variety show, the National Treasure aims to showcase the background stories of national treasures and ___12___ various art forms. In the show, “national treasure keepers” acted by famous and common people will present treasures, telling their stories with the collections and interpreting the historical ___13___. The show aims to inspire the ancient Chinese civilization and make the national treasures “come alive”.
This is not the first time for the Palace Museum in Beijing to be ___14___ welcomed online in China, thanks to its efforts in cultural products and self-promotion in recent years.
Last year, the museum ___15___ so much attention because of the huge success of the three-episode TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City and a movie with the same name. Over the last few years, the museum has ___16___ 495 signposts and 1,400 new chairs have been provided. In addition, the Palace Museum opened a (an) ___17___ online store on e-commerce platform Taobao, selling related products. It also started their self-promotion through new media, publishing articles to promote the culture of the museum. It ___18___ swept the Internet by its humorous style and interesting content. At the same time, the Palace Museum has published several mobile apps, one of which saw over 200,000 downloads just two weeks after its ___19___ in 2013. Its self-promotion has achieved great results. In 2012, the museum saw 15 million visitors. And it received 16 million visitors last year.
The museum is also a popular ____20____ among foreign leaders. For example, US President Donald Trump and his wife visited the Palace Museum on Nov 8.

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
（2023春·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考开学考试）
For nearly ten years, I have spent my Monday evenings attending rehearsals for my amateur choir (合唱队). Mondays are not my favourite day, and I often arrive in a bad mood but by the end of the rehearsal, I usually feel ____21____. The singing does me good. So do the people. With a few exceptions, I would not describe my fellow choir members as close friends. We exchange ____22____ chats, smiles and jokes - but that is enough for me to come away feeling a little better about the world.
There is no choir practice now, and won’t be for a long time. I miss it. In lockdown, I do not feel ____23____ emotional support, but I do miss the friendly faces and casual conversations. ____24____, I miss my “weak ties.”
In 1973, Mark Granovetter, a sociology professor at Stanford University, published a paper entitled “The Strength of Weak Ties.” Until then, scholars had assumed that an individual’s well-being depended mainly on the ____25____ of their relationships with their close friends and family. Granovetter showed that quantity mattered, too. He categorized a person’s ____26____ world as “strong ties” and “weak ties.” His central insight was that for new ideas, weak ties are more important to us than strong ones. As Granovetter pointed out, the people whom we often talk to usually turn to the same ____27____ of information as we do. We depend on acquaintances whom we ____28____ see to bring us news of opportunities.
This was the idea behind the Pixer building, the design of which was ____29____ by Steve Jobs, who was responsible for making sure that the Pixar building project runs safely and smoothly. The building has a large central hall through which employees from different departments have to pass several times a day. Jobs wanted colleagues to _______30_______ each other and shoot the breeze (闲聊). He believed in the power of these seemingly random conversations to _______31_______ creativity.
Encounters with weak ties can be good for our _______32_______, too. Gillian Sandstrom, a senior lecturer at the University of Essex, found that when a person had more casual interactions with weak ties - say, a local gardener, a neighbour, a member of yoga class — they experienced more happiness and a greater sense of _______33_______.
_______34_______, we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie relationships, during lockdown and beyond. Sandstrom adds that we can also _______35_______ more weak-tie-style interactions with our strong ties. The goal is to let others know that you are thinking of them without asking for a great deal of time, energy or attention.
21．A．amazed B．tired C．frustrated D．energized
22．A．honest B．brief C．impressive D．unforgettable
23．A．short of B．tired of C．satisfied with D．interested in
24．A．In short B．In other words C．On the contrary D．After all
25．A．quality B．impact C．variety D．source
26．A．inner B．ideal C．social D．material
27．A．pool B．exchange C．analysis D．organization
28．A．typically B．constantly C．specially D．infrequently
29．A．funded B．proven C．overseen D．preferred
30．A．learn from B．come across C．rely on D．look after
31．A．kill B．reflect C．fuel D．convert
32．A．mentality B．intelligence C．career D．interactions
33．A．superiority B．responsibility C．accomplishment D．belonging
34．A．However B．Therefore C．Somehow D．Besides
35．A．engage in B．believe in C．reflect on D．set aside

Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage your have just read.
(A)
（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期中）
Peanuts to This
Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way?”
Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became obvious that there were two people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip (掷) a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.
But now, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?
Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I should have a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my decision to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!
36．What did the author’s classmates think about his report?
A．Adequate. B．Ridiculous. C．Boring. D．Puzzling.
37．Why was the author confused about the task?
A．He knew little about American history.
B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.
C．He forgot his teacher’s instruction.
D．He was new at the school.
38．The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.
A．annoyed B．ashamed C．ready D．eager
39．In the end, the author turned things around _______.
A．by redoing his task B．through his own efforts
C．with the help of his grandfather D．under the guidance of his headmaster

(B)
（2022秋·上海·高一上海市光明中学校考期中）
With two locations, the Getty Villa in Malibu and the Getty Center in Los Angeles, the J. Paul Getty Museum serves a wide variety of audiences through its expanded range of exhibitions and programming in the visual arts.
Parking information
Parking is $15; $10 after 4:00 p.m. Pay once, park twice on the same day. And get same-day parking at both the Getty Center and the Getty Villa for one $15 fee.
MORE information about visiting the Getty Center and the Getty Villa


@The Getty Center eSee spectacular art and architecture at the top of Los Angeles. Admission is Free.
Address:1200 Getty Center Drive, Los
Angeles, CA 90049
Open Hours: Tuesday–Friday and Sunday 10:00 a.m.–5:30 p.m.
Saturday 10:00 a.m.–9:00 p.m.
Closed Mondays
Open Mondays, December 21 and 28, 2020 Parking lot opens 9:30 a.m.
Holiday closures: Thanksgiving, December 25
(Christmas Day), and January 1
Food & Drinks
Lunch
Tuesday–Saturday 11:30 a.m.–2:30 p.m.
Dinner
Saturday 5:00–9:00 p.m.
Sunday Brunch
Sunday 11:00 a.m.–3:00 p.m.
Closed Mondays
@ The Getty Villa eVisit the ancient world of Greece and Rome.
Admission is Free. An advance timed-entry ticket is required.
Address
17985 Pacific Coast Highway, Pacific
Palisades, CA 90272
Open Hours:
Wednesday–Monday 10:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m. Closed Tuesdays
Open Tuesdays, December 22nd and 29, 2020
Holiday closures: Thanksgiving, December 25 (Christmas Day), and January 1
Food & Drinks
Cafe at the Getty Villa
Monday and Wednesday–Friday 11:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m.
Saturday and Sunday 11:00 a.m.– 4:00 p.m.
Closed Tuesdays
No reservations are required for the Cafe. Menu selections are created seasonally. Wine and beer are also available.
Picnic Box Lunches
Enjoy your own boxed lunch and grab-and-go items at any of the Getty Villa’s public seating areas, including the Outdoor Classical Theater.

40． Mr. Larry drove to the Getty Center and the Getty Villa on December 23 (Wednesday), 2020, and enjoyed a wonderful tour there. He paid the parking fee _______ altogether.
A．$10 B．$15
C．$20 D．$30
41．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The J. Paul Getty Museum is an art museum housed on two sites.
B．The Getty Villa is closed on the same holidays as the Getty Center.
C．The sale of alcohol is forbidden to people in the J. Paul Getty Museum.
D．Timed tickets must be obtained in advance in the Getty Villa.
42．People who go to the Getty Villa may _______.
A．enjoy the views overlooking Los Angeles
B．conduct the visit any time because the tickets are free
C．appreciate the arts and cultures of ancient Greece and ancient Rome
D．have lunches they bring with them anywhere inside the exhibition area

(C)
（2021秋·上海·高一上海交大附中校考期中）
Why can’t we stop longing for the good old days
People in many countries are longing for the good old days. But when exactly were the good old days? Podcaster Jason Feifer devoted an episode of his program to this question. The most popular answer seemed to be the 1950s, so Mr. Feifer asked historians whether Americans in that decade thought it was particularly pleasant. Definitely not. In the 1950s, American sociologists worried that rampant individualism was tearing the family apart. There were serious racial and class tensions, and everyone lived under the nuclear threat.
In fact, many in the 1950s thought that the good old days were to be found a generation earlier, in the 1920s. But in the 1920s, child psychologist John Watson warned that because of increasing divorce races, the American family would soon cease to exist. Many people at the time idealized the Victor inn era, when families are strong and children respected their elders.
Why are human beings always so nostalgia for past eras that seemed difficult and dangerous to those who lived through them? One possibility is that we know we survived past dangers, so they seem smaller now. But we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today. Radio didn't ruin the younger generation, but maybe the smart phone will.
Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia. When were the good old days? Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? A U.S. Poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s.
This kind of nostalgia has neurological roots. Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adult hood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively.
Obviously, some things readily were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. Longing for the past and fear of the future inhibit the experiments and innovations that drive progress.
Vaccination, steam engines, railroads and electricity all met with strong resistance when they were first introduced. The point isn’t to show how silly previous generations were. The same kinds of anxieties have been expressed in our own time about innovations like the internet, video games and stem-cell research.
And not all fears about the future are unbounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days.
43．The word “rampant” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________
A．limited B．reasonable C．uncontrolled D．traditional
44．According to the passage, the 1950s was a period of time ________.
A．when American families still remained strong and children respected their elders
B．that was believed by Americans born in the 1930s and the 1940s to be the best decade
C．that saw a sharp increase in individualism and divorce rate in American society
D．when radical and class tensions became more serious but people no longer lived under the nuclear threat
45．The good old days were usually the time when people were young because ________
① people have a better memory of adolescence and early adulthood.
② More dangerous things happen during their youth and they learned how to survive them.
③ The dangers in youth were smaller and easier for people to deal with.
④ people remember events in their youth more positively as time goes by.
A．①② B．①③ C．①④ D．②④
46．What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs?
A．The current generation is not as silly As the previous generations.
B．It is unwise to be simply opposed to any new inventions and technologies.
C．People are constantly deceived by their instinctive nostalgia for the good old days.
D．The internet, video games and stem-cell research pose great threats to humanity.

Section C Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A．Begin with your current interests, talents, hobbies, and personal strengths and weaknesses.
B．Start by talking to the adults you know about their jobs.
C．They help students choose majors and careers, find internship and job opportunities, and gain important job-hunting skills.
D．Connect the dots between college majors and careers.
E．Enrichment activities, such as summer programs on college campuses, can also help you learn about various jobs and careers.
F．Yet, having at least a few ideas in mind for careers that might interest you is an important part of college planning.









（2022春·上海杨浦·高一校考期中）
Getting into Employment in High School
Many high school students are understandably more focused on getting into college than on finding a job after college. ____47____ Here are some things you can do now-while you’re still in high school-to start thinking about possible careers.
Do some homework on jobs and careers.
There are many types of jobs and careers that most people have never heard of or know little about. How do you discover them? ____48____ How did they get interested in their career? What education and skills are required to perform their jobs? What do they like about their careers? Don’t be shy; adults are usually happy to answer questions. You can also learn about various careers online.
____49____
Although your college major does not always determine what you’ll end up doing for a career, understanding how various majors can connect to careers is part of career planning. As you explore the majors and programs offered at various colleges, take a moment to read through the relevant department’s information on careers for students in that major.
Keep career planning in mind when visiting colleges.
Every college campus has a Career Center, staffed by professionals who are trained to assist college students with career-related concerns. ____50____ Make a point to ask about the services offered by each college’s Career Center when you visit colleges. Or better yet, stop in to the Center and say hello. While on campus, you will also have opportunities to talk with professors and students. Use those occasions to ask faculty about what their departments do to help prepare students for jobs after graduation, and ask current students about internships they’ve done, research opportunities, and what their majors and career plans are.

IV. Writing
Section A 翻译
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

51．（2022春·上海·高一校考期中）非常感谢你在我们出国度假期间照顾我们的宠物狗。(grateful) （汉译英）
52．（2022春·上海·高一上海市延安中学校考期中）当地人担心他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁。(threaten)(汉译英)
53．（2022春·上海·高一校考期中）随着节日的临近, 很多商场都人山人海。(approach v.)（汉译英）
54．（2022春·上海闵行·高一校考期中）新闻发布会刚刚开始，记者就连珠炮似地向发言人提出了许多改善民生的问题。（Hardly, bombard）（汉译英）


Section B 概要写作
（2022春·上海浦东新·高一上海南汇中学校考期中）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. If a law requires companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths of their normal pay, it will benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.
For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it will reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees start working fewer hours, some of their workload will have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who go on an 80 percent week, a new employee can be hired at the 80 percent rate.
Besides, the shortened workweek will increase company profits because employees will feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they will make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work will be accomplished will not result in additional pay the company has to prepare for these people, because four-day employees will only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies will have fewer overlooked and error-prone (容易出错的) employees for the same money, which will increase company profits.
Finally, the option of a four-day workweek will be better for individual employees. Employees who can afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time can improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
















参考答案：

1．faster    2．Though##Although##While     3．for    4．meant    5．can    6．to earn    7．because     8．being caught    9．which    10．that

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。纽约市禁止电动自行车的禁令，文章介绍了此禁令的原因，也反映了此禁令给依靠电动自行车谋生的快递员带来的影响。
1．考查副词。句意：大多数电动自行车的速度可达每小时32公里左右，但也有一些能跑得更快。根据句意，副词fast修饰动词go，much修饰修饰副词的比较等级，故填faster。
2．考查连词。句意：尽管在纽约拥有电动自行车是合法的，操作它们是不合法的。逗号前后有转折关系，故填although或though或while。设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
3．考查介词。句意：当地官员认为，在街道和人行道上使用电动自行车是危险的，这是该禁令的原因。此处考查短语reason for，意为“……的原因”，设空处应用介词for，介词短语作后置定语。故填for。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，该市宣布了严厉的措施，旨在追究电动自行车骑手和雇佣骑手的餐馆的责任。句子谓语为announced，故设空处为非谓语动词，mean与逻辑主语measures之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填meant。
5．考查情态动词。句意：警察也可以没收自行车。根据下文“He says 　　8　　　 (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. (如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。)”可知，电动自行车会被没收，警察可以没收违法的电动自行车，设空处应填情态动词can，表“会”，故填can。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作要求他们快速工作，长时间工作，以赚取足够的钱生活。此处考查目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to earn。
7．考查连词。句意：快递员廉德清表示，高质量的工作很重要，因为他们的工作也依赖于小费。空前和空后的句子之间为因果关系，应用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8．考查动名词。句意：他说，如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。He says后接宾语从句，谓语动词为cause，设空处与having the bike seized并列作主语，故用动名词，catch与逻辑主语workers之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式，故填being caught。
9．考查定语从句。句意：多·李就职于自行车公共项目，该项目为纽约市的自行车相关工作人员提供帮助。the Biking Public Project为先行词，后接非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
10．考查同位语从句。句意：他不接受电动自行车给市民带来危险的说法。argument后是对其进行补充说明的同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。

11．B    12．D    13．K    14．G    15．I    16．A    17．E    18．J    19．F    20．H

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了大型文化探索类节目《国家宝藏》。
11．考查形容词。句意：作为一档文化类综艺节目，《国家宝藏》旨在展示国宝的背景故事，将引进各种艺术形式。根据上文“A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure”可知，这是一档文化类节目，用形容词cultural“文化的”作定语，故选B。
12．考查动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处用动词作谓语，与to showcase并列，省略了不定式符号，作并列宾语，introduce“引进”符合句意，故选D。
13．考查名词。句意：在节目中，每件珍宝都将由名人和素人扮演的“护宝人”来展现，讲述他们与这些国宝的故事，诠释其背后的历史奥秘。形容词historical修饰名词，mystery“奥秘；秘密”符合句意，故选K。
14．考查副词。句意：由于近年来在文化产品和自我宣传方面的努力，这不是北京故宫博物院第一次在中国的网络上受到极大的欢迎。修饰动词用副词作状语，extremely“非常”符合句意，故填extremely。
15．考查动词。句意：去年，故宫吸引了如此多的关注，因为三集电视纪录片《故宫宗师》和同名电影的巨大成功。分析句子可知，空处需用动词作谓语，draw attention“吸引注意力”符合语境，根据时间状语last year用一般过去式，故选I。
16．考查动词。句意：在过去的几年里，博物馆已经建立了495个指示牌，并提供了1400把新椅子。分析句子可知，空处需动词作谓语，establish“建立”符合句意，由时间状语和has可知用现在完成时态，establish用过去分词形式established，故选A。
17．考查形容词。句意：此外，故宫博物院在电子商务平台淘宝上开设了官方网店，销售相关产品。修饰名词store用形容词作定语，official“官方的”符合句意，故选E。
18．考查副词。句意：它以幽默的风格和有趣的内容意外地席卷了互联网。修饰动词用副词作状语，unexpectedly“意外地”符合句意，故选J。
19．考查名词。句意：与此同时，故宫博物院也发布了几款手机应用，其中一款在2013年发布后仅两周就获得了超过20万的下载量。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，根据句意，release“发行”符合语境，故选F。
20．考查名词。句意：该博物馆也是外国领导人的热门景点。形容词修饰名词，作表语，attraction“向往的地方”符合句意，故选H。

21．D    22．B    23．A    24．B    25．A    26．C    27．A    28．D    29．C    30．B    31．C    32．A    33．D    34．B    35．A

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了人际交往中“弱关系”的好处。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周一不是我最喜欢的日子，我经常心情不好，但在排练结束时，我通常感到精力充沛。A. amazed惊讶的；B. tired疲倦的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. energized充满能量的。由本句“I often arrive in a bad mood but by the end of the rehearsal, I usually feel 　　1　　.”可知，but前后语意相反，前面是“in a bad mood”心情低落，后面就应该是“心情好”。故选D。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们简短地交谈、微笑、开玩笑，但这足以让我离开时对这个世界有了更好的感觉。A. honest诚实的；B. brief简短的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. unforgettable难忘的。由本句“chats, smiles and jokes”可知，这些不是深入的交谈。故选B。
23．考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：在封锁期间，我并不感到缺乏情感支持，但我确实想念那些友好的面孔和随意的交谈。A. short of短缺；B. tired of厌倦；C. satisfied with满足；D. interested in感兴趣。由本句“but I do miss the friendly faces and casual conversations”可知，but前后语意转折，“尽管我并不感到缺乏情感支持，但我确实想念那些友好的面孔和随意的交谈”。故选A。
24．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：换句话说，我想念我的“弱关系”。A. In short简而言之；B. In other words换句话说；C. On the contrary正相反；D. After all毕竟。由上文“I do miss the friendly faces and casual conversations”可知，作者想念那些并非很亲密的朋友。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此之前，学者们一直认为，一个人的幸福主要取决于他与亲密朋友和家人的关系质量。A. quality质量；B. impact影响；C. variety变化；D. source来源。由下文“Granovetter showed that quantity mattered, too.”可知“that quantity”指代本题空格处。故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把一个人的社交世界分为“强关系”和“弱关系”。A. inner内部的；B. ideal理想的；C. social社交的；D. material物质的。由本句“as “strong ties” and “weak ties.””可知“强关系”和“弱关系”都指的是社交方面。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如Granovetter指出的那样，我们经常交谈的人通常会和我们寻求相同的信息库。A. pool池子；B. exchange交换；C. analysis分析；D. organization组织。由本句“we often talk to”可知，我们经常交谈的人和我们有共同的信息，即我们的“信息库”相同。故选A。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们依靠那些不常见面的熟人给我们带来机遇的消息。A. typically典型地；B. constantly不断地；C. specially特别地；D. infrequently不频繁地。由本句“to bring us news of opportunities”可知，那些我们不常见面的朋友才能给我们带来新的东西。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是皮克斯大楼背后的想法，它的设计由史蒂夫·乔布斯监督，他负责确保皮克斯建筑项目安全顺利地运行。A. funded提供资金；B. proven证明；C. overseen监督；D. preferred偏爱。由本句“who was responsible”可知乔布斯对该大楼的设计负责，监督该大楼的设计。故选C。
30．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：乔布斯希望同事们能偶遇，闲聊一番。A. learn from向……学习；B. come across偶遇；C. rely on依赖；D. look after照看。由下文“random conversations”可知，“闲聊”是偶然之下发生的。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他相信这些看似随意的对话能够激发创造力。A. kill杀死；B. reflect反映；C. fuel加强；D. convert转换。由本句“the power of these seemingly random conversations”可知闲聊有激发创造力的力量。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：遇到弱关系对我们的心态也有好处。A. mentality心态；B. intelligence智力；C. career职业；D. interactions互动。由下文“they experienced more happiness and a greater sense of 　　13　　.”可知，那些经常有弱关系的人有更高的幸福感和归属感，即他们心态更好。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃塞克斯大学的高级讲师Gillian Sandstrom发现，当一个人与弱关系（比如当地的园丁、邻居、瑜伽课上的同学）有更多的随意互动时，他们会感到更多的快乐和更强的归属感。A. superiority优越性；B. responsibility责任；C. accomplishment成就；D. belonging归属感。由本句“happiness”结合上一题答案“mentality”可知，心态好的人幸福感和归属感也高。故选D。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们应该继续寻找方法，在封锁期间和之后培养弱关系。A. However然而；B. Therefore因而；C. Somehow不知怎的；D. Besides而且。由本句“we should continue to find ways to cultivate weak-tie relationships”再结合上文可知，上文论述了“弱关系”的益处，本句给出建议，作总结。故选B。
35．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Sandstrom补充说，我们还可以与强关系进行更多弱关系式的互动。A. engage in参与、互动；B. believe in相信；C. reflect on反思；D. set aside不予考虑。由“with our strong ties”可知，我们可以与强关系进行互动。故选A。
36．B    37．A    38．D    39．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了作者在完成老师交待的任务时，对美国历史不是很熟悉，介绍的华盛顿这个人物不是历史上领导美国革命的华盛顿，而是另外一个人。在课堂上，读自己写的有关人物的报告时，引起了同学的嘲笑，分数也很低，接下来的时间，作者努力学习，并最终取得了好的成绩。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher.(我自豪地读着我写的字，环视了一下教室，只见同学们脸上带着灿烂的笑容，眼里含着泪水。我困惑地瞥了一眼面无表情的老师。)”和“hoping to hide myself(希望能把自己藏起来)”推知，作者的同学觉得作者的报告很荒谬可笑，故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became obvious that there were two people having the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant.(因为我对历史的认识来自于我祖国的一位古代老师，所以我从来没有听说过这个名字。当我搜索这个人的名字时，很明显，有两个名字相同但看起来完全不同的人！一个发明了花生的数百种用途，而另一个则率领某种军队横穿美国。我盯着屏幕，不知道老师说的是哪一个。)”可知，作者对这个任务感到困惑是因为他不熟悉美国历史。故选A。
38．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“But now, I was totally lost.(但现在，我完全困惑了。)”和“to find out what I had done wrong(找出我做错了什么)”可知，作者急切地想要知道自己错在哪里，划线词burning的意思是“急切的”，和eager意思相近，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I should have a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster’s office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my decision to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!(我觉得这样的惩罚是不合理的，我相信我应该有第二次机会。因此，在这一学年剩下的时间里，我全身心地投入到学习中。十个月后，我发现自己和祖父坐在校长办公室里，进行着完全不同的对话。我微笑着回忆起年初的那个尴尬时刻，校长通知我决定从六年级退学。正义是甜蜜的！)”可知，作者通过自己的努力扭转了局面，故选B。
40．B    41．C    42．C

【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了参观the J. Paul Getty Museum的一些相关信息。
40．细节理解题。根据第二自然段中“And get same-day parking at both the Getty Center and the Getty Villa for one $15 fee（在盖蒂中心（Getty Center）和盖蒂别墅（Getty Villa），只需支付15美元，就可以在当天停车）”可知，需要支付15美元的停车费，故选B项。
41．细节理解题。结合表格中右面图片下“Closed Tuesdays”部分中“Wine and beer are also available（可提供葡萄酒和啤酒）”可知，可以携带酒水，C选项“The sale of alcohol is forbidden to people in the J. Paul Getty Museum（J.Paul Getty博物馆禁止向人们出售酒水）”与之不符，故选C项。
42．细节理解题。结合表格中“Visit the ancient world of Greece and Rome（参观古希腊和古罗马）”可知，C项“appreciate the arts and cultures of ancient Greece and ancient Rome（欣赏古希腊和古罗马的艺术和文化）”与之相符，故选C项。
43．C    44．B    45．C    46．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以人们喜欢怀念过去的美好时光为主题，分析了其背后的原因以及对我们的启示。
43．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“individualism was tearing the family apart(个人主义会使家庭破裂)”可知，说明当时的个人主义不受控制，导致家庭破裂，令科学家担心。故画线词意思是“不受控制的”。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第四段中“A U.S. Poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s.(美国一项民意调查发现，30后和40后认为50年代是美国最好的十年，而60后和70后更喜欢80年代)”可知，出生在30年代和40年代的美国人认为20世纪50年代是最好的十年。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adult hood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively.(研究人员发现，我们在青春期和成年早期编码的记忆比我们生命中的其他任何时期都要多，当我们回想过去时，这是我们最常回想的时期。此外，随着我们对过去的事件越来越疏远，我们往往会更积极地记住它们)”可知，过去的好日子通常是人们年轻的时候，因为人们对青春期和成年早期有更好的记忆以及随着时间的推移，人们对年轻时发生的事情的记忆会更加积极。故选C。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And not all fears about the future are unbounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to beam how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. The future won't be perfect, but neither were the good old days.(并不是所有对未来的恐惧都是无限的。新技术确实会导致事故，它们扰乱了传统文化和习惯，在创造新工作的同时也破坏了旧工作。但是，要想知道如何最好地利用新技术并降低风险，唯一的方法就是尝试和犯错。未来不会完美，过去的美好时光也不会完美)”可推知，简单地反对任何新发明和新技术是不明智的。故选B。
47．F    48．B    49．D    50．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要为即将上大学的高中生提供有关职业方面的建议。
47．上文“Many high school students are understandably more focused on getting into college than on finding a job after college. (可以理解的是，许多高中生更专注于进入大学，而不是大学毕业后找工作。)”及下文“Here are some things you can do now-while you’re still in high school-to start thinking about possible careers. (以下是你现在可以做的一些事情。当你还在上高中的时候，可以开始考虑可能的职业。)”说明高中生不太关注大学毕业后找工作的事情。对此，作者给出一些建议。F项“Yet, having at least a few ideas in mind for careers that might interest you is an important part of college planning. (然而，对于你可能感兴趣的职业，至少要有一些想法，这是大学规划的重要组成部分)”承上启下，故选F。
48．下文“Don’t be shy; adults are usually happy to answer questions. (不要害羞，成年人通常很高兴回答这些问题。)”说明可以向成年人询问有关工作的事情。B项“Start by talking to the adults you know about their jobs. (首先与你认识的成年人谈谈他们的工作。)”与下文内容一致，说明可以向成年人愿意回答有关工作的事情。故选B。
49．下文“Although your college major does not always determine what you’ll end up doing for a career, understanding how various majors can connect to careers is part of career planning. (虽然你的大学专业并不总是决定你最终会为职业做些什么，但了解各种专业如何与职业联系起来是职业规划的一部分。)”指出将所学专业与职业联系起来。D项“Connect the dots between college majors and careers. (将大学专业和职业联系起来。)”总结下文，与下文内容一致，故选D。
50．上文“Every college campus has a Career Center, staffed by professionals who are trained to assist college students with career-related concerns. (每个大学校园都有一个职业中心，由经过培训的专业人员组成，以帮助大学生解决与职业相关的问题。)”说明大学的职业中心可以帮助大学生解决与职业有关的问题。C项“They help students choose majors and careers, find internship and job opportunities, and gain important job-hunting skills. (他们帮助学生选择专业和职业，找到实习和工作机会，并获得重要的求职技能。)”具体介绍学校职业中心可以帮助学生解决的问题，承接上文，故选C。
51．We are so grateful that you took good care of our pets during our vacation abroad.
【详解】考查固定搭配，时态和宾语从句。“非常感谢”是be so grateful that...，此动作表示现在的情况，时态用一般现在时；“照顾我们的宠物狗”是take good care of our pets，此动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，“在我们出国度假期间”是during our vacation abroad，因此整句话翻译为“We are so grateful that you took good care of our pets during our vacation abroad”。故答案为We are so grateful that you took good care of our pets during our vacation abroad.
52．Locals worry about that their language and culture are increasingly being threatened.
【详解】考查动词、名词和语态。表示“当地人”应用Locals；“担心”用动词worry about，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当地人担心......”为主句，表示为Locals worry about that...；“他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁”写成宾语从句，放在worry about后面，表示“语言和文化”短语为language and culture；表示“日益”应用increasingly；表示“正受到威胁”应用现在完成时的被动，即am/is/are being done，从句主语是复数，应用are being threatened。故翻译为Locals worry about that their language and culture are increasingly being threatened。
53．With the festival approaching, many shopping malls are packed with people.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“随着节日的临近”可处理为with复合结构作状语，“节日”表达为festival，此处用定冠词加名词单数形式指代一类事物，festival和approach“接近”之间为逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补；“很多商场都人山人海”为句子主干部分，“人山人海”可理解为“挤满了人”，用be packed with people表达。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为With the festival approaching, many shopping malls are packed with people.
54．Hardly had the press conference begun when the reporter bombarded the spokesman with many questions about improving people’s livelihood.
【详解】考查部分倒装和时间状语从句。“刚……就……”是固定句型hardly...when...，when前用过去完成时，when后用一般过去时，“新闻发布会”是the press conference，“开始”是begin，过去分词是begun，因此“新闻发布会刚刚开始”翻译为“Hardly had the press conference begun”；“记者”是the reporter，“连珠炮似地问某人很多问题”是bombard sb. with with many questions，“改善民生的”是about improving people’s livelihood，因此整个句子翻译为“Hardly had the press conference begun when the reporter bombarded the spokesman with many questions about improving people’s livelihood”。故答案为Hardly had the press conference begun when the reporter bombarded the spokesman with many questions about improving people’s livelihood。
55．Working for four days a week with less pay will be beneficial in three aspects. First, the country will have lower unemployment rates with more people at work. Second, companies can benefit without increasing pay-related costs because their employees are more energetic and alert with fewer errors. Finally, employees will have a better life quality with more free time.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以一项新的工作制度“每周工作四天”为话题，讲述了该工作制度在三个层次能够带来的好处。如果员工可以每周工作四天，工资是正常工资的80%，这将有利于整个经济，也有利于个人公司和决定接受这一选择的员工。
【详解】1 要点摘录①If a law required companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay, it would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.
②For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it will reduce unemployment rates.
③The shortened workweek will increase company profits because employees will feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they will make fewer costly errors in their work.
④Employees who can afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time can improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities.
2.缜密构思将每个要点进行简化重组。3.遣词造句
①Working for four days a week with less pay will be beneficial in three aspects.
②The country will have lower unemployment rates with more people at work.
③Companies can benefit without increasing pay-related costs because their employees are more energetic and alert with fewer errors.
④Employees have a better life quality with more free time.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Working for four days a week with less pay would be beneficial at three levels.(用一个简单句概括了第一段内容。“working for four days a week with less pay”为动名词作主语；用“in three aspects”对后文提及的三个方面“the economy as a whole”“the individual companies”以及“the employees”进行高度概括总结，表达比较高级)
[高分句型2] Second, companies can benefit without increasing pay-related costs because their employees are more energetic and alert with fewer errors. (用一个复杂的简单句概括了第三段内容。其中，“without doing”为伴随状语，because引导原因状语从句，用法比较高级)