【同步讲义】外研版英语八年级上册-Module 2 Unit 2 讲义（知识精讲+同步练习）

Module 2 My hometown and my country

Unit 2 Cambridge is a beautiful city in the east of England.

1. Cambridge is in the east of England. 剑桥在英格兰东部。

 【知识点】in the east of 在......的东部

指在某一地域范围内的东部。若两地在地域上是包含关系，表示两者位置关系时用“in the +方位名词+of...”。

☞Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

【拓展】

A在B的范围内：

A is in the +方位名词 + of + B

in the+方位名词：表示在范围之内
on the+方位名词：表示两地接壤
to the+方位名词：表示在范围之外 （如美国与中国）
on是相邻，to是不接壤，in是在境内

2.  My home town is especially famous for its university. 我的家乡尤其因为大学而出名。

【知识点1】especially

副词，尤其，修饰形容词、副词或动词等。

☞She loves all kinds of sports, especially swimming. 她喜爱各种运动，尤其是游泳。

【知识点2】be famous for...

因……而著名，后接出名的原因。可与 be known for...互换。

【拓展】

be famous as... “作为......而闻名”，后接表示职位、名称、身份的词。

☞Guilin is famous for its mountains and rivers.桂林因其山水而闻名。

Moyan is famous as a writer.莫言作为一名作家而闻名。

【知识点3】university

go to university 上大学，此时university前不加冠词。

☞He hopes to go to university next year. 他希望明年去上大学。

3.There are lots of old buildings and churches to visit. 这里有许多古老的建筑物和教堂可以参观。

【知识点】to visit

动词不定式作后置定语。此处不定式修饰old buildings and churches.动词不定式常放在名词或代词之后作后置定语。

☞I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支钢笔写字。

【知识点2】 in the 1980s

在20世纪80年代，表示“在......世纪......年代”用介词in，在表示整十的年份后加“s”或“’s”, 并在前面加定冠词the。

 ☞He left school in the 1990s/1990’s. 他在20世纪90年代毕业。

4.In England, it’s never very hot in summer or cold in winter.. 在英格兰，夏天从来不很热，冬天也不很冷。

【知识点1】never

频度副词，通常位于系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。

☞She is never afraid of losing. 她从不害怕失去。

【知识点2】or

连词

①也不，用于否定句中连接并列成分。

☞Tom doesn’t eat beef or fish. Tom不吃牛肉，也不吃鱼。

②或者，用于肯定句或疑问句中表示选择关系。

☞Is your friend a boy or a girl? 你的朋友是个男孩还是女孩？

③否则，用于祈使句或表达建议的句型之后引出相反的结果。

☞Hurry up, or we will miss the train. 快点，否则我们会错过火车。

题组A  基础过关练

一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1．There are lots of beautiful places _______(visit) in my home town.

2．The two ______(church) in our city look nearly the same.

3．Many ______(tour) come to Cambridge every year.

4．The monkey _____(it) got something to eat.How clever it is!

5．The population of our city____(be) about 2.3 million.

二、 完成句子.

6. 纽约在美国的东面。

_________________________________

7. 剑桥城以剑桥大学闻名。

______________________________________________

8. 东京Tokyo比纽约的人多。

______________________________________________

9. 昆明夏天不太热，冬天也不太冷。

______________________________________________

【参考答案】

一、1. to visit

2.churches

3. tourists

4. itself

5. is

二、6. New York is in the east of America.

7. Cambridge is famous for its university.
8. The population of Tokyo is larger than that of New York.
9. Kunming is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.

题组B  能力提升练

三、阅读理解

A

Broadway （百老汇） is a place in New York．Many new plays （戏剧） are put on there．If they are successful （成they can then go to many cities all over the country．About 200plays are put on every year．So if you go to New York，be sure to visit Broadway．It will be very interesting．
  Now Tom is in New York．He is new here．He is studying art in a university （大学）．One day，he wants to go to Broadway．But he doesn't know the way．Now，he is asking a policeman for help．"Excuse me．Could you tell me the way to Broadway？"says Tom．"Yes，of course．Go down the street and take the third turning on the right．Then take the second turning on the left．You won't miss it．"says the policeman．
(   ) 10．Broadway is a place in_____．
A．China   
B．the UK    
C．Australia     
D．the USA
11．How many plays are put on every year on Broadway？
A．About fifty．    
B．Three hundred and sixty-five．
C．About four．    
D．About two hundred．
12．Why does Tom go to New York？
A．Because he wants to study art there．
B．Because he wants to act （表演） a play there．
C．Because his parents live there．
D．Because he wants to visit his friends．

12. Who helps Tom at last？
    A．An old friend．  
    B．A policeman．    
    C．A teacher．   
    D．A guide （导游）．

【参考答案】

三、9--12 DDAB

【答案解析】

分析 百老汇是纽约的一个地方．每年大约发行200部剧．如果你去纽约，一定要去百老汇．汤姆现在在纽约．他是在大学学习艺术，有一天，他想去百老汇，但是他不知道路．最后警察帮助了汤姆．

 9．D细节理解题．根据Broadway （百老汇） is a place in New York可知百老汇在美国的纽约，故选D．
10．D细节理解题．根据About 200plays are put on every year可知每年大约发行200部剧，故选D．
11．A细节理解题．根据He is studying art in a university 可知汤姆去纽约是学艺术，故选A．
12．B细节理解题．根据Now，he is asking a policeman for help可知最后警察帮助了汤姆，故选B．

点评 做题时要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，进行选择或推理判断，选出符合文章内容的正确选项．做题注意灵活，有时可采用排除法或直选法确定出最终答案．

B

　 A Nobel Prize is considered by most people one of the highest international honours a person can receive．As you know, the prizes were started by a Swede called Alfred Nobel．Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, and lived from 1833 to 1896．

　　Alfred Nobel was a chemist and inventor．He made two important inventions, and so he became very rich．Although he was rich, Nobel was not a happy man．He never married or had children．Also, he was a sick man in a large part of his life．Nobel died at the age of sixty-three．When he died, he left a fund of ＄9, 000, 000．The money was to be used in giving prizes to those who made outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and the promotion of world peace．

　　The first Nobel Prizes were given on December 10 th, 1901, five years after Nobel's death．Many famous people from all over the world have been given Nobel Prizes for their achievements．Albert Einstein was one of them．

　　Each Prize has three parts．The first part is a gold medal．Second, a winner of a Nobel Prize is given a diploma saying that he has been given the Prize．The third part of the Prize is a large amount of money－about ＄40, 000．

　　Often a Prize is given to just one person, but not always．Sometimes a Prize is shared．It may be given to two or three people who have worked together．Sometimes a Prize is not given at all if there is no outstanding achievement．In 1972, for example, no Nobel Peace Prize was given．It is the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm that decides whether to give the Prize or not．

(   )  13. Most people think that the Nobel Prize is ________ a person can receive．

A．the highest honour in the world

B．one of the highest international honours

C．a higher honour than others

D．as high as any other honour

(   ) 14. A Nobel Prize is made up of ________．

A．a gold medal and a large amount of money

B．a gold medal and a diploma

C．a gold medal and a diploma and a large amount of money

D．a diploma and a large amount of money

(   ）15. A Nobel Prize is given to ________ each year．

A．just one person

B．one person

C．not always one person

D．three persons

(   ) 16. When he died, Nobel left an amount of money ________．

A．to his wife and his children

B．to the university he used to study in

C．to his parents and his students

D．to be spent on setting five prizes

【参考答案】13--16 BCCD

【答案解析】

13. 文章第一段第一句可知，答案选B。
14. 文章第四段可知，答案选C。
15. 文章第五段often a prize is given…but not always．可知答案选C。
16. 文章第二段When he died, he left a fund of 9, 000, 000．The money was to be used in…可知答案选D。