专题32 8BU8-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版）

这是一份专题32 8BU8-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版），共17页。
 8BU8-牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过
（江苏专用）
过单词短语



知识点1：Trees are good for us.(P106) 树对我们有益。
be good for …对…有益
Eg:Fruit is good for our health.
be bad for … 对…有害
Eg:Eating too much is bad for stomach.
相关短语：be good at = do well in擅长于...........

知识点2：The Class 1, Grade 8 students are busy discussing the Earth’s problems and preparing a presentation.(P106) 八年级一班的学生们正在忙于讨论地球问题和准备演讲。
(1) be busy doing…忙于做某事
Eg: His mother is busy working these days.
(2) prepare v. 准备
prepare to do sth 准备做某事
Eg:Two workers were preparing a videotape recording(录像) of last week's programme.
prepare for… 为........做准备
Eg: He had to go back to his hotel and prepared for the next trip.
相关短语：get ready for sth 为........做准备
get ready to do sth准备做某事

知识点3：More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.(P107)越来越多的家庭拥有自己的小汽车，这导致了严重的空气污染。
cause v. 导致，造成
Eg:The insecticide(杀虫剂) used on some weeds can cause health problems.
cause n. 原因；起因
Eg: Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.

知识点4：It’s wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles. 选择公共交通或骑自行车对人们来说是明智的。
wise adj. 明智的，充满智慧的 wisely adv. 明智地，充满智慧地 wisdom n.智慧，才智；明智

知识点5：We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room. (P107) 当我们离开房间的时候可以通过关灯来节约能源。
(1) turn off 关上（开关） 指电器 反义词 turn on 开
turn相关的短语有：
turn down 调小; 拒绝 turn up调高 turn over 翻过来; 翻身 turn around 转身
(2) turn 做系动词 表变化
turn green 变绿; 变得环保
Eg:When spring comes, the leaves turn green.

知识点6：In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. (P108) 在瑞士，像玻璃，塑料和纸做的东西被分成不同的群体，然后被回收。
separate v. 分开，隔开
Eg: Police moved in to separate the two groups.
They want to separate teaching from research.

知识点7：For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees. (P108) 例如，我们不被允许砍伐树木。
(1) allow v. 允许
allow sb. to do 允许某人做…
被允许做.....be allowed to do sth
Eg: The children are allowed to watch TV after school.
We don't allow smoking in our house.
(2)cut down 砍伐
cut 的其他相关短语：
cut back 削减; 缩减 cut out 删除;删掉 cut in 插嘴 cut off 切断;中断

知识点8：Otherwise, we will be punished. (P109) 否则，我们将会被惩罚。
(1) otherwise adv. 否则 这里的otherwise的用法可等同于or
Eg: I'm lucky that I'm interested in school work, otherwise I'd go crazy.
(2)punish v. 处罚；惩罚
Eg:I don't believe that George ever had to punish the children.

知识点9：We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.(P109)
我们依赖于它的丰富的资源来生活，所以对于我们来说明智地保护它是重要的。
depend on /upon 常用于情景交际中，表示“ 依靠、依赖 ”
(1) 依靠，依赖，指望
Eg:My wife and daughter depend on me for their living.
(2) 取决于
Eg:All depends on the weather.
dependent adj. 依靠的；从属的；取决于…的
Eg:The local economy is dependent on oil and gas extraction(提炼)
protect 保护
It’s +adj +for sb + to do sth 做...对某人来说...

知识点10：These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.(P109)这些新的能源形式花费很少而且将不会用尽。
run out 用光、用完 注意：无 被动 用法
同义词：use up
Eg:Conditions are getting worse and supplies(给养) are running out.
run out of 用光、用完
Eg:They have run out of ideas.
We're running out of time.

知识点11：Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!(P109)
make a difference (to sb/sth) (对…)有影响，起作用
Eg: Whatever you can do can make a difference.
difference n. 不同

知识点12. I like digging in the garden. 我喜欢在花园里挖土。
dig- dug -dug- digging
The children are busy digging in the sand.

知识点13： Are you serious? 你是认真的吗？
nothing serious没有什么严重的事情
be serious about sth.= take sth seriously 严肃对待        

知识点14： save water by taking shorter showers通过少洗澡来节约水
take/have a shower 洗淋浴

知识点15：What should we do to live a green life?为了过上环保的生活我们该做什么呢？
live a …life 过着…的生活

知识点16: be fined by the police 被警察罚款
fine 作动词 fine sb. for sth./ doing sth. He was fined 50 pounds for driving without lights.
作名词 罚款 You’ll get a fine if you park your car here.

知识点17： be harmful to our health =do harm to our health 对我们的健康有害
harmful adj. 有害的 Traffic fumes are harmful to the environment.
harm v. 损害，伤害 Too much sun can harm your skin.
n. 伤害， 损害 These berries didn’t do him any harm.
Air pollution is harmful to our health.= Air pollution does harm to our health.
be harmed by … 被……伤害

知识点18： take steps 采取措施
take steps to do sth =take action to do sth采取措施干某事

知识点19： We should also reuse water if possible 如果可能的话我们也应该重复使用水。

知识点20： be in use 正在使用
Recycling is also a good way to help reduce pollution. 循环利用也是一种帮助减少污染的好办法。

知识点21：…more living things will be killed by pollution.(P114)…更多的生物将会被污染杀死。
(1) living adj. 活着的，活的
Eg:The living things can’t live without sun.
the living 指“活着的人”
(2) lively adj. 活泼的；生机勃勃的
Eg:She had a sweet, lively personality.
(3) alive adj. 活着的，一般作表语
Eg:She does not know if he is alive or dead.
living 和alive的区别：
Living 不仅可以作 表语 ，也可作定语位于 名词前面 ；而alive 只能作 表语 。
(4) live adj. 活的 一般用于 动物
A protest against the company's tests on live animals.

知识点22：recycle empty bottles (P115)回收空瓶子
empty adj空的 反义词：full 满的
相关句型：be full of 充满， 装满
My foot stumped(踢) some empty bottles, which woke him up.

知识点23：Air pollution is harmful to our health.(P116)空气污染对我们的健康有害。
harmful adj. 有害的 反义词： harmless
We ought to reason why it is harmful to health to eat too much.
harm v. 伤害
n. 伤害

知识点24：Trees also help keep soil in place during storms.(P116)树木也能在暴风雨期间帮助固定土壤在原处。
(1) in place 在正确位置
Eg:This group are discussing the branching strategy currently in place.
(2) place v. 放置
Eg:Brand folded it in his handkerchief and placed it in the inside pocket of his jacket.
常见短语： take place 发生；进行
Eg:She wanted Randy's wedding to take place quickly.

知识点25：They will form over thousands or even millons of years.(P117)他们形成将需要超过成千甚至上万年。
form v. 形成
Eg: They tried to form a study group on human rights(权利).
n. 形式；表格
常见短语： in the form of 以…样的形式

知识点26：Here are some simple steps to take.(P117)这有些简单的步骤可以采取。
simple adj. 简单的
simply adv. 简单地
step n. 步骤；措施
采取措施做某事 take steps to do sth采取
Eg: We should take steps to prevent war.



过语法



知识点1：被动语态的一般将来时的含义
被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。如：
He will be/is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes.
The food will be/is going to be eaten by the dog soon.

知识点2：被动语态的一般将来时的构成 (以 support 为例)
时态
主语
will be/be going to be
过去分词

一般将来时
I
will be/am going to be

supported
You/We/They
will be/are going to be


He /She/ It
will be/is going to be






例1：It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built
例2：A new building __________(build) at our school now.
例3：The decision about the price ______ in a few days. So they have to wait.
A. is made B. was made C. is being made D. will be made
例4：It's said that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
例5：The children will sing an English song.(将主动句改为被动句)
________________________________________________________
例6：这个问题将会被讨论。
________________________________________________________
【答案】
C
is being built
D
will be built
An English song will be sung by the children.
The question will be talked about later.

单项选择
1. The pictures_____ by him tomorrow.
A. will be taken B. is taken C. take D. will take
2. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss         B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed       D. has been discussed
3. The sports meeting ________ held until next week.
A. didn’t be B. won’t be C. isn’t D. doesn’t
4. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on                 B. will be put on         C. is going to put on         D. will be putted on
5. — Our classroom____________every day.— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning
【答案】A C B B C

将下列句子改为被动语态
1. Our city will build a new highway next year.
2. This will make me feel thirsty.
3. Many people take good care of the poor children.
4. People can’t see the building from here.
5. Must each student answer this question?
6. Jim ate up all the food.
7. Liming always does the homework carefully.
8. Tom will check the computer.
9. When did Han Han write the story?
10. Do people grow rice in the north of China?
【答案】
1. A new highway will be built by our city next year.
2. I will be made to feel thirsty.
3. The poor children are taken good care of by many people.
4. The building can’t be seen by People from here.
5. Must this question be answered by each student?
6. All the food was eaten by Jim.
7. The homework is always done carefully by Liming.
8. The computer will be checked by Tom.
9. When was the story written by Han Han?
10. Is rice grown by people in the north of China?

动词填空
1. It’s said that the long bridge ___________(build) in two months.
2. The old man is ill. He ________(send) to the hospital by his son soon.
3. More and more trees _________(plant) in that area in recent years.
4. More books ________ (donate) to this school next term.
5. You __________(give) a gift if you answer the question correctly.
6. The old man ______(tell) to leave his house tomorrow.
7. I’m afraid more people _________(hurt) by pollution in the future.
8. All the lights __________(turn) off in ten minutes.
9. Students ________(show) how to protect the environment in tomorrow’s class.
10. You ___________(punish) if you break the rules.
【答案】
1. will be built 2. will be sent 3. have been planted 4.will be donated 5.will be given
6. will be told 7. will be hurt 8. will be turned 9.will be shown 10. will be punished

重难点训练



一、单项选择
1. — Would you mind ______ the music a little? Don’t you think it’s too loud?— Sorry! I’ll do it in a minute.
A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down
2. — How much is the ticket to Central Park?— A one-way ticket _____ $40, and you can _____ another $20 for a round-trip.
A. costs, pay B. cost, spend C. pay, spend D. spends, pay
3. — Do you know why he didn't ______a word when he ______to?— Because he was too nervous.
A. speak, speaks B. say, was spoken C. say, spoke D. speak, is spoken
4. The heavy snow didn’t the international airlines
A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to
5. My parents getting up early on weekdays.
A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to
6. ----What will you do with the waste paper?
---- The waste paper as well as the used books _______ to the recycling company.
A. is going to send B. are going to send C. is going to be sent D. are going to be sent
7. ----- Tom and his parents will help us work in the park.
----- That’s great. If more people take part, the park will be ________ in a shorter time .
A. cleaned out B. cleaned down C. cleaned up D. cleaned away
8. --- China is a country with _______ resources .--- That’s true. But China is also a country with the largest number of people .
A. rich B. poor C. high D. low
9. ----After the sports meeting ,there are so many water bottles in the dustbin.
----So our club will start a project to collect them so that they will be _______.
A . replied B. return C. reduce D. reused
10. -----Sir, did you see the sign “No Parking ”?----- Sorry , I didn’t know parking isn’t _________ here.
A. prevented B. refused C. allowed D. excepted
11. A report says that the world’s natural gas deposits(存储)_______ early in the next century.
A. will run out B. will be run out C. will use up D. will be cleaned up
12.Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life?
A. Burning rubbish in the open air . B. Planting trees in spring
C. Walking or riding bikes to school . D. Taking a shopping basket when going shopping .
13. His parents found _______ to tell him everything that had happened.
A. it necessary B. that necessary C. this necessary D. necessary
14. —Do you know if he_____ back tomorrow?—Sorry, I don’t know. If he_____ back, I will tell you at once.
A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes D. will come; will come
15. —Let me help you carry the box, Granny.—Thank you, Li Ping. It’s very kind__________ you__________ me.
A. of; to help B. for; to help C. of; helping D. for; to helping
16. We have discussed the project for two hours . And after a short break ,the discussion ________.
A. will carry on B. will be carried on C. has carried on D. were carried on
17. When the fire started ,Tom was ________ to help all the children out . He is both brave and smart.
A. too calm B. calm enough C. too nervous D. nervous enough
18. ----How soon will these waste bottles be recycled ? ----_______.We have called the recycling company.
A. An hour ago B. In an hour C. After an hour D. For an hour
19._____ is really hard ______ them to climb such a high mountain.
A. This; to B. It ; to C. This ; for D. It ; for
20. -----If I work hard at my lessons from now on ,can I do well in them? ------ Sure .________.
A. All rivers run into the sea . B. Every day is not Sunday.
C. Better late than never D. Many hands make light work
【答案】1～5 DABCD 6~~10 CCADC 11~~15 AAACA 16~~20 BDBDC

二、词汇检测
1. Drinking water with__________________（塑料）cups affects our health.
2.He worked hard and worked out a_____________________（认真的）plan for this project.
3. Living a green life can help__________________（减少）pollution.
4. Coal is________________（挖掘）up from the ground. It provides energy for us.
5. The_________（调查）is made to find out how much pressure teenagers are suffering at present.
6. What do you know about our___________________（组织）?
7. John does everything______________（粗心）, so his mother is always worried about him.
8.Waste is_________________（分开）into different groups in some countries.
9.Smoking too much is_________________（有害的）to our health. Better give it up.
10.The bottom of the sea is rich in oil__________________（资源）．
11.Can you tell the ___________________ between the two pictures （different）?
12. People can buy something ____________________ from a second-hand shop.（use）
13. Before you leave, make sure that all the windows__________________ (close).
14. In order to make living areas better, more trees need ___________ (plant)
15. How boring it is _________________ (listen) to such a useless report!
16. We won’t have a clear sky if air pollution is not _________________ (limit).
17._______________ has been more and more popular in our daily lives.(recycle)
18.Remember to turn off the light when ______________the room.(leave)
19.Our school looks _________________with more bamboo around it.(nice)
20.I think the energy from the sun won’t _________________.(hand out)
【答案】
1.plastic 2. serious 3. reduce 4. dug 5. survey 6. organization 7.carelessly
8.separated 9. harmful 10. resources 11.difference(s) 12.useful 13.are closed
14.planting/to be planted 15.to listen 16.limited 17.Recycling 18.leaving 19.nicer 20.run out

三、翻译句子
1. 你刷牙时关闭水龙头吗？
Do you __________________________________?
2. 尽量使用纸的两面。
Try to ___________________________________?
3. 这是调查的结果。
Here _________________________________ the survey.
4. 对于帮助保护环境，他们已经做了很多。
They have _________________________ help protect the environment.
5. 水污染对我们的健康有害。
Water pollution ________________________________ our health.
6. 不光他去过上海，他父亲也去过上海。
_____________he _________________his father ______________Shanghai.
7. 人们依赖自然资源生存。
People _____________________________live.
8. 那些纸被扔掉了。
The paper ____________________________.
9. 环境问题已经成为一个严重的问题了。
The environment has_____________________________.
10. 树木可以减少灰尘，并且有助于保持空气干净。
Trees ___________________ and help___________________.
11.所有的水果一个小时前被卖光了。
All the fruit _____________________an hour ago.
12. 应该好好照看老人。
The old should ____________________________.
13. 我们收到的捐款将被用来建造一所希望学校。
The donations we have received ______________________a Hope School.
【答案】
1. turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. 2. use both sides of the paper
5. are the results of 4. done a lot to 5. is harmful to
6. Not only, but also, has been to 7. depend on natural resources to
8. is thrown away 9. become a serious problem
10.can reduce dust, keep the air clean 11.was sold out
12. be looked after well/ take good care of 13.will be used to build/for building

四、完形填空
I was so excited after I had found the holiday in the guidebook. It said, “Enjoy a week of sightseeing in one of Europe’s most beautiful cities 1 staying at one of its best hotels. ” Now I wasn’t so sure. I had waited fifteen minutes at reception (前台) when I 2 and now the shower in my room wasn’t working. I called hotel reception.
“Hello. This is Room 308. There isn’t any 3 in my bathroom. ”
“Are you sure”
“Of course I’m sure!
“I’ll 4 our hotel engineer at once. ”
An hour later, the engineer came to look at the shower. He hit the pipes a few times and looked 5 . “Sorry, but I cannot fix it today. Maybe tomorrow.” Then he 6 his hand. I couldn’t believe it! He wanted a tip (小费) for doing 7 ! I was very angry. But suddenly, I had a better idea. 8 , I gave the engineer a few coins. He hadn’t fixed my shower but he had taught me something about staying in his country. Two minutes later I was at the reception desk. I explained the problem to the receptionist (接待员) and he replied, “Sorry. This is a 9 situation, but what can we do” I knew exactly what to do. I gave the hotel manager a very large tip. Fifteen minutes later I 10 into Room 405. It was twice the size of Room 308, it had a wonderful view (景色) of the city, a comfortable bed and, most importantly, there was water in the bathroom.
( ) 1. A. since B. while C. after D. before
( ) 2. A. arrived B. passed C. left D. stopped
( ) 3. A. toothpaste B. water C. shampoo D. soap
( ) 4. A. send B. catch C. trouble D. bring
( ) 5. A. proud B. worried C. angry D. excited
( ) 6. A. put up B. cleaned up C. took back D. held out
( ) 7. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
( ) 8. A. Seriously B. Especially C. Quickly D. Luckily
( ) 9. A. helpful B. perfect C. terrible D. busy
( ) 10. A. broke B. looked C. rushed D. moved
【答案】 BABAB DACCD

五、阅读理解
Nothing was going right for Dr. Turner at the hospital. He made a mistake while operating on a patient. He felt sure he was no longer trusted and decided to change his job. One day he learned from the paper that a doctor was looking for a partner(合作伙伴). The doctor, whose name was Johnson, lived in Thorby, a small town in the north of England.
A few days later Dr. Turner went to Thorby, and arrived at Dr. Johnson’s home early in the afternoon. Though old and a little deaf, Dr. Johnson still had a good brain. He kept talking to the visitor about the town and its people. When they turned to the question of partnership, it was already seven in the evening. Dr. Johnson invited Dr. Turner to have dinner with him in a restaurant before catching the train back to London. Dr. Turner noticed that Dr. Johnson was fond of good food and expensive wines. They had an excellent meal. When the bill was brought, Dr. Johnson felt in his pocket. “Oh, dear,” he said. “I’ve forgotten my money.” “That’s all right,” Dr. Turner said. “I’ll pay the bill.” As he did so, he began to wonder whether Dr.Johnson was worthy of trust.
1.Dr.Turner knew that a doctor was looking for a partner from______.
A. the Internet B. the newspaper C. the radio D. the magazine
2.Dr.Turner decided to leave his present job because_______.
A. he had never been trusted B. it needed too great skills
C. he believed it offered little hope for his future
D. he thought the hospital would like him to leave
3.The two doctors spent most of the afternoon talking about_______.
A. things of no interest to Dr. Johnson B. things of no importance to Dr. Turner
C. health matters D. food and drink
4.The story suggests that_______.
A. Dr. Johnson did not like Dr. Turner B. The two doctors would become friends
C. The two doctors would not work together D. Dr. Turner decided to stay at his present job
5.The words did so in the last sentence mean_______.
A. caught the train back to London B. felt in his pocket
C. paid the bill D. said those words
【答案】 1-5 BCBCC

Everyone has worries（忧虑，忧愁）. How do you deal with（处理，对付） your worries? There is always something you can do to help yourself feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no fun and it won't solve your problems.
Grades（分数，得分） at school are often a top worry for children. If you worry most about grades, ask yourself these questions:
● Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?
● How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn't a test?
● Do I have a good place to do my homework?
● Have I tried different ways of studying?
If your worry is about a fight you had with your friend, you might write down all the things you could do----write a note to him or her, invite him or her to watch a basketball game, say sorry to him or her and so on. Once you have a list of things you could do, you can choose one thing that could get your friend back.
You can ask for help when you're worried. You can find someone to talk to, such as your parents, friends, and teachers.
1.What do children often worry most about?
A. Their hobbies. B. Their homework.
C. Their grades at school. D. A fight with their friends.
2.According to the passage, when you're worried, you'd better _______.
A. work hard B. ask for help and talk to someone
C. get ready for class D. do your homework
3.If you're worried about grades, DON'T ask yourself "_______".
A. Why are grades important? B. What do grades mean to me?
C. How do I get ready for class? D. Why not give up（放弃）my studies?
4.If you had a fight with a friend, you could _______.
A. invite him or her to watch a game B. put the blame（责备）on him or her
C. try to make new friends D. leave him or her alone
5. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Who is often worried. B. When people are worried.
C. How to deal with worries. D. What kinds of worries people have.
【答案】 1-5 CBDAC