人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课后练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课后练习题，共17页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

单元素养评估卷(二)
时间:120分钟　分数:120分
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
　　More than one million single-use straws(吸管), most of them plastic, are used in the United States each day. They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem.
　　Straw materials: advantages and disadvantages
　　•Metal
　　Made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even titanium, metal straws have become popular. They draw some criticism for having a metallic taste and conducting heat from a hot drink, but they’re strong and can be reused.
•Paper
Paper drinking straws, which date from the late 1800s, often absorb liquid over time and can leave a taste or fibres in drinks. They’re the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans.
　　•Glass
　　Though glass straws may be more breakable and thus less portable than reusable straws of other materials, they hold up well to washing and reuse. Some straws are made to look artistic, with colours and blown-glass designs.
　　•Bamboo
　　This natural material can be sustainably produced and is a plant-based replacement of plastic straws. Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertiliser. They are reusable but can be hard to clean completely and may absorb flavours.
21. What is the major problem with plastic straws?
A. Function. B. Flavour.
C. Weight. D. Pollution.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem.”可知,它们最终进入航道,危害海洋动物,并分解成微小的塑料颗粒。许多地方已经对使用塑料吸管发布了禁令,以此作为开始处理全球塑料垃圾问题的一种方式。因此塑料吸管产生的主要问题是它们会带来污染。故选D项。
答案:D

22. Which of the following belongs to single-use straws?
A. Metal straw. B. Paper straw.
C. Glass straw. D. Bamboo straw.
解析:细节理解题。根据Paper部分中的“They’re the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans.”可知,在禁止使用塑料吸管的地方,它们是最受欢迎的一次性吸管。即纸吸管属于一次性吸管,题干中的“single-use”与文中的“throwaway”是同义词,故选B项。
答案:B
23. What is the advantage of the bamboo straw?
A. It can become fertiliser.
B. It is easy to clean.
C. It is portable and bendable.
D. It has different designs.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertiliser.”可知,竹吸管很容易被处理成为肥料。因此竹制吸管的优势在于它可以变成肥料。故选A项。
答案:A
B
　　For a herder(放牧人) in Africa, the hardest part of the job is searching for cattle lost in the bush. But for Andrew, a herder at a farm in Zimbabwe, it’s not a problem. Once he spots Toro, he knows the rest of the herd is nearby. That’s because Toro isn’t an ordinary member of the herd. He’s a giraffe. In hot weather, cattle rest in the shade under his belly. And because of his height, Toro can spot lions long before they come close to the herd.
　　Toro’s unusual situation came about after his mother was killed by lions. Toro survived the attack, but he was left with no one to protect him or give him milk. About two days later, some herders spotted and rescued him. With the permission of the Department of Wildlife, the herders moved Toro to Andrew’s farm. Since giraffes and cattle are both plant-eating animals that live in groups, their behaviours are much the same. Toro was accepted into the herd and wandered among the cattle as they ate grass.
　　Toro doesn’t always behave like the other members of his new herd. Like many kinds of animals, cattle compete for dominance(支配). Standing more than 13 feet tall, Toro is more than three times taller than the biggest bull, but Toro never tries to be “the boss”. “He is very used to their company,” Andrew said. When the herd enters the kraal(家畜栏), the cows and bulls push each other. “But thanks to his height, Toro does not need to join the mess,” said Andrew.
　　When asked if Toro would ever be returned to the wild, Munetsi, an officer of the Department of Wildlife said no. “In the wild, he would find it difficult to be accepted into another herd or defend himself from predators(猎食者),” he added. “He seems very much at home and is respected by the cattle.”
24. What was Toro like when the herders found him?　
A. He was left alone.
B. He was seriously ill.
C. He was lost in the bush.
D. He was fighting with lions.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Toro survived the attack, but he was left with no one to protect him or give him milk.”可知,当放牧人发现Toro时,它是孤独的,没有长颈鹿保护它或者喂它奶。故选A项。
答案:A
25. What do we know about Toro in the cattle herd?
A. He has fought to be the leader.
B. He gets along well with the herd.
C. He is pushed around by the bulls.
D. He stays away from the herd most of the time.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since giraffes and cattle are both plant-eating animals that live in groups, their behaviours are much the same. Toro was accepted into the herd and wandered among the cattle as they ate grass.”可知,Toro和牛群相处得很好。故选B项。
答案:B

26. What will happen to Toro according to Munetsi?
A. He will be sent back to the wild.
B. He will be put into another herd of giraffes.
C. He will continue to live together with Andrew.
D. He will be trained to fight with the big animals.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘In the wild, he would find it difficult to be accepted into another herd or defend himself from predators,’ he added. ‘He seems very much at home and is respected by the cattle.’”可推测,Toro将会继续和Andrew一起生活。故选C项。
答案:C
27. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Giraffes Under Threat in the Wild
B. A Surprising New Family for a Giraffe
C. A New Way of Herding Appears in Africa
D. Moments Showing Friendship Between Animals
解析:标题归纳题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其是第二段中的“With the permission of the Department of Wildlife, the herders moved Toro to Andrew’s farm. Since giraffes and cattle are both plant-eating animals that live in groups, their behaviours are much the same. Toro was accepted into the herd and wandered among the cattle as they ate grass.”可知,本文主要讲述了一只长颈鹿来到放牧人Andrew的农场,和牛群生活在一起的故事。
答案:B
C
　　We don’t know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it.
At first we think about human relationships. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet—even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today—we will feel a little lonely.
Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us.
Spending holidays will also be completely different. Travelling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly.
We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn’t true. We will pay more attention to the environment protection. Scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as our health will be in better condition.
Although we can’t predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our and our children’s future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen.
28. Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?
A. The number of people will become much smaller.
B. There will be less face-to-face communication.
C. People won’t like making friends with each other.
D. People won’t communicate with each other much often.
解析:细节理解题。由第二段提到的“We will be making new friends through the Internet ...”和“... our relationships with people won’t be as important as they are today ...”可知,在2050年,人们主要通过电脑进行交流,面对面交流的机会减少了,所以会感到孤独。
答案:B
29. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. Computers will do all the things for human beings.
B. How people will use computers to communicate with each other.
C. Machines like computers and robots will help people a lot.
D. How people will use robots to do the housework.
解析:段落大意题。第三段主要举了两个例子来证明计算机和机器人等机器将会对人类的帮助很大,故选C项。
答案:C
30. What does the underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Disappointed. B. Surprised.
C. Curious. D. Optimistic.
解析:词义猜测题。根据文章最后一句“We should be happy and believe good things will happen.”可以推测sanguine的意思是“乐观的”。
答案:D
31. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. How people will communicate in the year 2050.　
B. What our life will be like in the year 2050.
C. How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050.
D. What high technology will appear in the year 2050.
解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段中“We don’t know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it.”可知,本文是对未来生活的设想;进一步阅读全文可知,本文主要设想了2050年人类的生活。故选B项。
答案:B

D
In the future, the Internet will be different from what it is now. There will be many more websites. It is predicted that in the year 2100, there will be hundreds of billions of websites. This means that the use of search engines will become much more important. And there will also be many more sites in different languages. This means that on every proper website, there will be links with the language you want.
Another prediction on the Internet is that data transmission(传输)speed will increase globally. According to Akamai Technologies, the average global data transmission speed in late 2019 was 26.7 megabits per second. Compare that to the record for data transmission speed set by Bell Labs: 100 billion megabits per second. At that speed, you could transmit 400 DVDs worth of data every second. That’s an enormous gap between what’s currently possible and what’s commercially available. But as time passes, the costs of producing super-high-speed networks will decrease.
In the future, people will live under the sea and the housing shortage will be solved. There will be lots of glass domes(穹状建筑物) under the sea, which allow people to look all around into the sea. Air will be provided via air pipes which lead to the open air. You can travel from one dome to another via a kind of submarine which will also be made of glass. The domes will be so beautiful and the view under the sea will be so impressive that many people will prefer to live under water, and less people will prefer to live on land. This will have a positive effect on the environment on land.
In the future we won’t use oil or gas as energy any more. We will make use of sunlight, water and wind. Cars will run on water. Just fill your tank with water, and you can drive further than you could drive with the same amount of gasoline. Also, the exhaust won’t be damaging to the environment, because it’ll just be water vapour. So the water cycle won’t change, we’ll keep the same amount of water on the earth, and we won’t run out of water.Also, all energy will be supplied by natural sources: sunlight, wind and water.
32. What can we know about the Internet in the future from the first two paragraphs?
A. It will be more important to use search engines.
B. Most of the websites will be designed in English.
C. People not knowing a foreign language will find it hard to surf the Internet.
D. There will be great gaps between developed countries and developing countries in Internet usage.
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“This means that the use of search engines will become much more important.”可知,A项正确。
答案:A
33. Why are super-high-speed networks NOT available to the public at present?
A. The costs are too high.
B. There are technical difficulties.
C. Bell Labs doesn’t want to sell its technique.
D. Governments haven’t recognised their value.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段可知,虽然现在达到快的传输速度在技术上可行,但在商业上还不能推广,而且今后建造这种超高速网络的成本会降低。由此可推知,大众目前不能使用这种网络的原因是成本太高。故选A项。
答案:A
34. What does the underlined word “exhaust” in paragraph 4 probably refer to?
A. Oil product. B. Waste air.
C. Solar energy. D. Wind energy.
解析:词义猜测题。由该句后半句“因为它将只是水蒸气……”可推测,exhaust指的是未来汽车排放的“废气”。故选B项。
答案:B
35. What can we infer from the text?
A. The Internet is the most advanced invention in history.
B. Water will run out sooner than we have expected.
C. Houses under the sea will be made from metal.
D. Sunlight, wind and water will benefit people more in the future.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Also, all energy will be supplied by natural sources: sunlight, wind and water.” 可知,D项正确。
答案:D
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Are you feeling anxious about your test next week? Here are some tips that will help you deal with stress and anxiety.
　　Study regularly
　　One of the most important ways of avoiding test anxiety is to prepare well in advance. Study regularly for a few hours every day. 36.
　　Reduce study pressure
　　If students are not able to deal with anxiety or nervousness, they could talk to their teachers, student counselors(辅导员), parents or friends. Parents should also avoid pressurising(加压) their kids to do well. 37. Then your children can study without any tension(紧张). Another important point that arises here is neither the students nor the parents should compare the children with their other classmates or friends.
　　Physical fitness
　　Do not forget to eat and sleep properly. Many times due to anxiety students can’t fall asleep or eat anything. 38. Exercising regularly is equally important as talking to friends and socialising(社交).
　　39.
　　Plan your studies well. Chart(制图) out a timetable and take proper breaks while studying. Along with the study time, allot(分配) time to relax and do what you love to do. Practising simple breathing skills will also help reduce stress.
　　40. While it is important to gain good scores in tests, it is not the most important thing in life. Learning to deal with nervousness and stress will not only help them to do well in school tests, but also in their future life.


A. Listen carefully in class
B. Prepare schedule
C. Create a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere at home.
D. It helps increase the students’ confidence.
E. Test and exam time causes a lot of nervousness in students.
F. They should sleep for at least 6-7 hours a day and eat nutritious and healthy food.
G. Students should remember that tests are just part of life.
答案:36. D　37. C　38. F　39. B　40. G
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　What kinds of homes will we live in in the future? 　41　 can be sure, but scientists are working out new ideas now. 
Some scientists are 　42　 about building whole cities under huge glass domes(圆顶). 　43　, advanced heating and cooling systems will be necessary to control the weather in the domes. 　44　, there will never be any rain or snow, and the temperature will always be 　45　. 
Perhaps everyone will live in vertical(垂直的) cities—high rises
　46　 are so large that they can 　47　 all the necessities of life. Since vertical cities will use less land than flat cities, and provide homes
　48　 more people, they will be practical for small countries that have 　49　 population. 
　50　 idea that will be helpful to small countries is the floating city. Monaco has already built homes, stores, and offices 　51　 the water of the Mediterranean Sea. 
There are some people who think that we will go back to 　52　 in caves. 　53　 the caves of the future will be very different from those of the Stone Age. Farms and parks will be on the land 　54　 the cave city. When people want to go to a farm or park, a short ride in a(n) 　55　 will take them there. 
41. A. Somebody B. Anybody
C. Nobody D. Everybody
解析:结合常识可知,此处表示没有人能够确定未来的家会是什么样子。
答案:C
42. A. thinking B. considering
C. imagining D. suggesting
解析:句意:一些科学家正在考虑把整个城市建在巨大的玻璃器顶下。think about思考;考虑。
答案:A
43. A. On the other hand B. As a result
C. Of course D. At the same time
解析:句意:当然,必须要有先进的供暖和冷却系统来控制圆顶里的天气。on the other hand另一方面;as a result结果;of course当然;at the same time同时。
答案:C
44. A. Similarly B. Therefore
C. According to D. Moreover
解析:根据语境可知,前后是因果关系。therefore因此。
答案:B
45. A. cool B. warm
C. comfortable D. satisfied
解析:因为有供暖和冷却系统来控制,所以温度会始终让人觉得很舒适。
答案:C
46. A. that B. whom
C. where D. who
解析:本题考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语,先行词为物,所以应选that。
答案:A
47. A. construct B. continue
C. remain D. contain
解析:根据语境可知,此处表示这些垂直的城市能够容纳所有的生活必需品。contain包含;容纳。
答案:D
48. A. on B. at
C. with D. for
解析:provide sth for sb为某人提供某物。
答案:D
49. A. a small B. a large
C. a few D. many
解析:这对于人口较多的小国家来说很实用。形容人口多用large。
答案:B
50. A. One B. Second
C. Next D. Another
解析:此处表示另外一个想法。
答案:D
51. A. in B. above
C. over D. on
解析:因为是漂浮在水面上的,所以用on。
答案:D
52. A. live B. be living
C. living D. having lived
解析:此处指重新生活在洞穴里,go back to doing sth重新开始。
答案:C
53. A. Also B. But
C. Then D. Again
解析:此处表示转折。句意:但是,未来的洞穴与石器时代的洞穴大不相同。
答案:B
54. A. in B. under
C. beside D. over
解析:over是指在洞穴城市的上方。
答案:D
55. A. lift B. underground
C. plane D. bus
解析:根据语境可知,农场和公园在洞穴城市的上方,所以人们乘电梯去那里。lift电梯。
答案:A
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　For many of us, cold drinks 56. 　　　(consider) to be one of the necessities for summer. Who can resist the 57. 　　　(please) of drinking an ice-cold Coke after playing a basketball game on a hot day? 
　　However, a recent study 58. 　　　(conduct) by the professors from the University of Ottawa, found hot drinks such as teas and coffees might actually be more 59. 　　　(effect) to cool you down in dry conditions. According to Smithsonian Magazine, when you drink some hot drinks, you 60. 　　　(start) to sweat more. It will remove excess heat by converting(转化) 61. 　　　water from a liquid to a vapour. As long as you are able to sweat, you can cool down quickly. 
　　But that also means 62. 　　　you’re in a hot, humid room, or you are wearing long sleeves and trousers, hot drinks are 63. 　　　(probable) not going to work. 64. 　　　that case, Jay suggests the opposite course of action: “Hot drinks still add a small amount of heat to the body, so if 65. 　　　(sweat) more is going to be a problem, go for a cold drink.” 
答案:56. are considered　57. pleasure　58. conducted
59. effective　60. will start　61. the　62. if
63. probably　64. In　65. sweating
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
　　请根据下面表格提供的信息, 以“A Robot”为题写一篇80词左右的文章, 介绍今年推出的最新款机器人Sunny。
名称
Sunny
外形
1.2米高的可爱男孩
功能
烹饪各种美食, 打扫房间, 根据主人心情播放音乐、 影视节目, 安排工作计划
价格
800元
使用能源
太阳能











________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:
A Robot
Sunny is the latest robot this year. It looks like a lovely boy who is only 1.2 metres tall.
Sunny has many excellent functions. First, it is good at doing housework. Not only can it prepare all kinds of delicious food for you, but it can keep your house clean and tidy. Second, it is a perfect assistant. It may play suitable music or movies stored in its inner computer according to the owner’s moods. Your job schedule can also be arranged properly by it. The price of the clever robot is only 800 yuan. Its solar energy system will save a lot of money for you.


第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Christmas was hanging around. Six-year-old David was thinking what presents he could get from Santa. He wanted slippers; he wanted a silk tie; he wanted some toys. And school starting soon, he also hoped to get something about schooling. In order to get Santa to know what he needed, he thought he would write a letter to Santa, which he believed would bring him those presents. He found a sheet and made a list of the items on it, and then bent down to post the letter up the chimney, waiting for the winds to take it up.
　　David got up very early on the Christmas morning. He searched his room carefully, but to his disappointment, he didn’t find the presents he had hoped for. Hadn’t Santa received the letter? Was he too busy to send him the gifts? Although feeling a little upset, David was convinced that Santa would not forget him and he was bound to receive the items.
　　Many years had passed and 2019 came. In an old house, a young builder, Lewis Shaw was removing the fireplace with his colleagues when he suddenly found a small piece of paper, which was still in perfect condition even if it had turned yellow. He picked it up and unfolded it. It was a letter written to Santa. The touching hand-written note read:
Dear Father Christmas,
　　Please send me Rupert Annual, a drum, a box of chalks, slippers, a silk tie, a pencil box, any little toys you have to spare.
Love,
David
　　It was then signed off with lots of kisses.
　　This was the very letter written by David and the house was where he had lived during his childhood! The letter struck Shaw so much. How simple Christmas once was! David didn’t ask for much, just the things he needed. Nowadays kids always want expensive gifts and take it for granted.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1:
Shaw decided to find out the author of the letter. ________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Paragraph 2:
A great surprise was on the way. After a pleasant chat, __________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:
Paragraph 1:
　　Shaw decided to find out the author of the letter. He shared a photo of the note on Facebook. He also tried to speak to the neighbours on both sides of the house. Within two days he finally connected with David, the now 78-year-old man living in a town nearby. They met at the old house, where Shaw returned him the letter. What a great surprise it was that he could read the letter again so many years after he wrote it! 
Paragraph 2:
　　A great surprise was on the way. After a pleasant chat, Shaw handed David a box. Inside the box David found all the presents he had listed in the letter. In fact, it had taken Shaw a lot of time to collect these presents. He didn’t even know Rupert Annual was a magazine for children before he was able to get one. David was quite excited—he finally had his Christmas wishes fulfilled!He hugged Shaw and thanked him very much for what he had done for him.