精品解析：2023年吉林省长春市朝阳区中考一模英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2023年吉林省长春市朝阳区中考一模英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了基础知识，交际运用，阅读，语言运用，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

吉林省长春市朝阳区2023年中考英语一模试卷（解析版）
二、基础知识（共15分）
VI. 单项选择。（15 分）
1. Zhou Shen is famous as ________ singer.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：周深作为一名歌手而出名。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。由句中“singer”知，此处表示泛指，是说周深作为一名歌手而闻名，“singer”以辅音音素开头。故选A。
2. In Changchun, the drivers ________ let the pedestrians （行人）go first.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在长春，司机必须让行人先走。
考查情态动词辨析。can能；may可以；must必须；need需要。根据“let the pedestrians （行人）go first”可知此处是道路法规，司机必须让行人先走。故选C。
3. Look! The boys are making the model boat by____________.
A. himself B. themselves C. ourselves D. yourselves
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：看！这些男孩们在自己制作模型船。
himself他自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己。by oneself意为“独自，单独地”，是固定短语。该句话的主语是The boys，第三人称，因此这里指“他们自己”，故选B。
4. — Mom, I’ll buy you a very big house in the future.
— Dear, don’t make ________ promises. You should work hard now.
A. serious B. empty C. angry D. careful
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我将来会给你买一栋很大的房子。——亲爱的，不要做出空洞的承诺。你现在应该努力学习。
考查形容词词义辨析。serious严肃的；empty空的、空洞的；angry生气的；careful仔细的。根据“You should work hard now”可知，此句是说不要做出空洞的承诺。故选B。
5. —Tongtong is crying in her room ________ she failed the exam.
—Let’s cheer her up.
A. until B. before C. if D. because
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——桐桐在房间里哭，因为她考试不及格。——我们去让她振作起来吧。
考查连词词义辨析。until直到，引导时间状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句。根据后句“Let’s cheer her up”知，此句是说因为考试不及格而哭泣，应用because。故选D。
6. —Is your father a (an) ________?
—Yes. He works in the Central Hospital and he loves his job.
A. policeman B. actor C. doctor D. reporter
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你父亲是医生吗？——是的。他在中心医院工作，他热爱他的工作。
考查名词辨析。policeman警察；actor男演员；doctor医生；reporter记者。根据后面“He works in the Central Hospital ”可知“我”的父亲是医生。故选C。
7. Tim, you have been watching TV for three hours. It’s bad ________ your eyes.
A. at B. in C. for D. with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：蒂姆，你已经看了三个小时的电视了，这对你的眼睛不好。
考查介词词义辨析。at在；in在……里；for为了，关于；with和。由句中“bad...your eyes”知，此句是说对眼不好，be bad for“对……有害”，故选C。
8. At first, the robot ________ to help children with walking problems.
A. was created B. created C. creates D. was creating
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：最初，这个机器人被创造来帮助有行走问题的儿童。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“the robot”与动词“create”之间是被动关系，用被动语态；根据“at first”，可知时态为一般过去时，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
9. There are ________ paper on the desk. You two can share them.
A. four B. many
C. four pieces of D. a few
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：桌子上有四张纸。你们两个人可以分享它们。
考查不可数名词。four四，数词；many很多；four pieces of四张；a few几个。four，many和a few要修饰可数名词复数，不能修饰不可数名词。paper纸，是不可数名词，故排除选项ABD。故选C。
10. Wang Nan ________ about 500 yuan for this backpack. I think it was kind of expensive.
A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：王楠花了500元买这个背包我觉得它有点贵。
考查词义辨析。spent花费，sb. spend+时间/金钱+doing/on sth. ；took花费，It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. ；cost花费，sth. cost sb. +金钱；paid花费，sb. pay +金钱+for sth. 。分析句子可知，该句主语“WAng Nan”， 排除B和C；又后面有“for”，应该是pay...for...，排除A。故选D。
11. Look at the sign “No smoking”. It tells people ________ here.
A. to smoke B. not to smoke
C. not smoking D. smoking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：看看那个“禁止吸烟”的标志。它告诉人们在这里不要吸烟。
考查非谓语动词。to smoke吸烟（动词不定式）；not to smoke不抽烟（动词不定式的否定式）；not smoking不吸烟（动名词）；smoking吸烟（动名词）。根据“Look at the sign “No smoking”.”可知，这里禁止吸烟。根据“It tells people…here.”可知，本句要表达“告诉人们不要在这里吸烟”。tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人（不）要做某事”，是固定搭配。选项B语意符合语境。故选B。
12. —Which kind of theaters do you like?
—I like the theaters ________ have comfortable seats.
A. that B. who C. whom D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你喜欢哪种类型的剧院？——我喜欢有舒适座位的剧院。
考查定语从句。that在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代人或物；who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；whom在引导的定语从句中作宾语，指代人；what不能引导定语从句。分析句子可知，先行词为theaters，为物，在定语从句中作主语，应该用that引导。故选A。
13. —Have you finished your report on healthy habits?
—________. I think I need one more hour to finish it.
A. Yes B. Not yet C. No, I don’t D. Yes, I did
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你完成关于健康习惯的报告了吗？——还没有。我认为我还需要一个小时来完成它。
考查情景交际。Yes是的；Not yet还没有；No, I don’t不，我没有；Yes, I did是的，我完成了。问句是现在完成时，排除选项CD；根据“ I think I need one more hour to finish it.”可知，还没有完成关于健康习惯的报告，故选B。
14. —Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ about the local history?
—Of course. You can check it on this computer.
A. how can I get the information
B. how I can get the information
C. what information can I get
D. where can I get the information
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——对不起。你能告诉我如何获得有关当地历史的信息吗？——当然可以。你可以在这台电脑上查看。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”可知，本句考查了宾语从句的用法。在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，排除ACD，故选B。
15. —Mike, keep quiet! Your brother is having a class on line.
—________.
A. OK, I will B. No, thank you
C. Never mind D. Don’t mention it
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——迈克，保持安静！你哥哥正在上网上课。——好的，我会的。
考查情景交际。OK, I will好的，我会的；No, thank you不，谢谢你；Never mind没关系；Don’t mention it别提了。根据Mike, keep quiet! Your brother is having a class on line.”可知，哥哥正在上网课，要保持安静，所以应回应“好的，我会的”，故选A。
三、交际运用（共5分）
根据对话内容，用下面所给的选项补全对话，其中有一项是多余的。
A: Chen Yu, summer holiday is coming. ____16____
B: I’m going to Zhangjiajie on vacation.
A: Oh, it is a wonderful place. I went there last year.
B: Really? ____17____
A: Well, I saw many tea plants were grown on the side of mountains and many people were picking up leaves.
B: That sounds interesting.
A: ____18____
B: Of course. Both in the past and now.
A: In fact, tea is produced in many different areas in China, such as Hangzhou, Anxi…
B: ____19____
A: Well, as far as I know, there are many steps. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing, then stir fried (炒), finally drying.
B: Oh, it’s not easy. What happens next?
A: The tea is packed and sent to some different countries and places around China.
B: I see. ____20____
A: That’s true. Because tea is good for both health and business.
A. How is tea made?
B. It seems that many people across the world drink Chinese Tea.
C. Where do you want to go on vacation?
D. How long have you been there?
E. Do you know China is famous for tea?
F. What did you see there?
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一段关于介绍中国茶叶的对话。
【16题详解】
根据“I’m going to Zhangjiajie on vacation.”可知，此处询问要去哪里度假，选项C“你想去哪里度假？”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据“Well, I saw many tea plants were grown on the side of mountains and many people were picking up leaves.”可知，此处询问看到了什么，选项F“你在那看到了什么？”符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据“Of course. Both in the past and now.”及“In fact, tea is produced in many different areas in China, such as Hangzhou, Anxi”可知，此处与中国的茶有关，选项E“你知道中国以茶闻名吗？”符合语境。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据“Well, as far as I know, there are many steps.”可知，此处询问做茶的步骤，选项A“茶是怎么做的？”符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据“That’s true. Because tea is good for both health and business.”可知，同意对方的观点，此处应该表明了一个关于茶的观点，选项B“似乎全世界很多人都喝中国茶。”符合语境。故选B。
四、阅读（共45分）
Ⅷ. 完形填空（15分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
There were many animals in an animal city, such as peacocks(孔雀), elephants, sheep, dogs, cats, etc. One peacock was very arrogant(傲慢的). He showed himself ____21____ other animals all day. When other animals had ____22____, he was never there to help them. So they didn’t play with him. One morning, the peacock went out to play and got ____23____. He was worried. Then he ____24____ a sheep. He walked to him and asked, “Hey! How can I get to the nearby park?” The sheep didn’t look at him. Then he shouted, “Didn’t you hear me? I’m ____25____ you!” The sheep looked at him, but he did not ____26____ anything. The peacock had to leave. He went to a river and saw a ____27____ and an elephant there. The cat asked, “Excuse me, Uncle Elephant. How can I get to the supermarket?” The elephant said ____28____ a smile, “Go this way to the end and turn left.” The cat ____29____ the elephant and left. The peacock walked to the elephant and asked, “Hey! How can I get to the nearby park?” The elephant didn’t look at him. He was ____30____ and shouted, “Why would you tell the cat, ____31____ you wouldn’t tell me?” The elephant turned around and said, “Didn’t you hear it just now? The cat is so ____32____. What about you?” The face of the peacock turned ____33____. He lowered his head and said, “Thank you for your ____34____. I will correct it.” From then on, the peacock began to treat other animals well and ____35____ became popular.
21. A. behind B. in front of C. on D. at
22. A. difficulties B. chances C. secrets D. money
23. A. dark B. hungry C. lost D. thirsty
24. A. heard B. chose C. told D. saw
25. A. warming B. asking C. missing D. helping
26. A. watch B. say C. make D. think
27. A. dog B. peacock C. cat D. sheep
28. A. in B. at C. with D. from
29. A. refused B. thanked C. stopped D. reminded
30. A. angry B. nervous C. scared D. sorry
31. A. and B. but C. so D. or
32. A. brave B. quiet C. proud D. polite
33. A. yellow B. white C. red D. green
34. A. teaching B. moving C. sending D. pulling
35. A. heavily B. slowly C. probably D. hardly
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一只骄傲的孔雀在外游玩迷路后，没有动物愿意帮助它，最后终于意识到自己的错误的故事。
【21题详解】
句意：他整天在其他动物面前露面。
behind在后面；in front of在前面；on在上面；at在。根据“He showed himself...other animals all day.”可知，在其他动物面前展示自己，故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：当其他动物有困难时，他从不帮助他们。
difficulties困难；chances机会；secrets秘密；money钱。根据“When other animals had..., he was never there to help them.”可知，其他动物有困难时从不帮忙，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：一天早上，孔雀出去玩迷路了。
dark黑暗的；hungry饥饿的；lost迷路的；thirsty口渴的。根据“Hey! How can I get to the nearby park”可知，出去玩迷路了，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：然后他看到了一只羊。
heard听见；chose选择；told告诉；saw看见。根据“Then he...a sheep. He walked to him and asked”可知，看见一只羊，然后去问羊，故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：我在问你！
warming使温暖；asking问；missing思念；helping帮助。根据“He walked to him and asked”可知，他在问羊，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：羊看着他，但他什么也没说。
watch观看；say说；make制作；think认为。根据“The sheep looked at him, but he did not...anything.”可知，羊什么都没说，故选B。
【27题详解】
句意：他走到河边，在那里看到一只猫和一头大象。
dog狗；peacock孔雀；cat猫；sheep羊。根据“The cat asked”可知，应该是看到一只猫，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：大象笑着说：“沿着这条路走到尽头，然后向左拐。”
in在里面；at在；with带有；from从。根据“The elephant said...a smile”可知，大象带着微笑说，故选C。
【29题详解】
句意：猫谢过大象就离开了。
refused拒绝；thanked感谢；stopped停止；reminded提醒。根据“The cat...the elephant and left.”可知，猫因为大象指路，要感谢大象，故选B。
【30题详解】
句意：他生气地喊道：“你为什么只告诉猫，不告诉我？”
angry生气的；nervous紧张的；scared害怕的；sorry抱歉的。根据“He was...and shouted”可知，孔雀大叫，因为很生气，故选A。
【31题详解】
句意：他生气地喊道：“你为什么只告诉猫，不告诉我？”
and和；but但是；so如此；or或者。根据“Why would you tell the cat, ...you wouldn’t tell me?”可知，前后构成转折关系，用but连接，故选B。
【32题详解】
句意：这只猫很有礼貌。
brave勇敢的；quiet安静的；proud骄傲的；polite礼貌的。根据“Excuse me, Uncle Elephant. How can I get to the supermarket?”可知，猫非常有礼貌，故选D。
【33题详解】
句意：孔雀的脸变红了。
yellow黄色的；white白色的；red红色的；green绿色的。根据“The face of the peacock turned...”可知，孔雀羞愧，所以脸变红了，故选C。
【34题详解】
句意：谢谢您的教诲。
teaching教；moving移动；sending发送；pulling拉。根据“Thank you for your..., I will correct it.”可知，孔雀感谢大象的教诲，说自己会改正，故选A。
【35题详解】
句意：从那时起，孔雀开始善待其他动物，慢慢地受欢迎起来。
heavily重地；slowly缓慢地；probably可能地；hardly几乎不。根据“From then on, the peacock began to treat other animals well and...became popular.”可知，孔雀开始善待他人，慢慢地变得受欢迎了，故选B。
IX. 阅读理解（40 分）
Contents（内容）
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chinese Calendar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Emperors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Great Inventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Great Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Paper Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Society. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Zhu Di （1360—1424）, also known as Yongle, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang. The third emperor of China’s Ming Dynasty（朝代） （1368— 1644）, stayed in power for 22 years. He moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing and had the Forbidden City （紫禁城） built there. It is listed by UNESCO （联合国教科文组织） as the largest collection of ancient wooden structures in the world and attracts（吸引） millions of tourists each year from home and abroad.
根据图表内容，选择最佳答案。
36. What’s the purpose of this book? ________
A. To be used as a history textbook.
B. To tell about the ancient buildings in China.
C. To teach English to Chinese students.
D. To help Chinese people travel round the world.
37. How old did Yongle die? ________
A. 22 years old. B. 33 years old. C. 54 years old. D. 64 years old.
38. Where can you find the page on the right? ________
A. Between Pages 1—2. B. Between Pages 3—7.
C. Between Pages 8—14. D. Between Pages 15—18.
39. Who had the Forbidden City built? ________
A. Zhu Yuangzhang. B. Yongle.
C. UNESCO. D. The fourth emperor of Ming Dynasty.
40. Which of the following is TRUE? ________
A. The Ming Dynasty had 3 emperors in all.
B. Yngle became emperor at the age of 22.
C. Nanjing was the capital of Ming Dynasty before Yongle.
D. The Forbidden City was built for tourists to visit.
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于一本历史书的目录和明朝皇帝朱棣。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据目录中“Chinese Calendar”（中国历法）、“Emperors”（皇帝）、“Society”（社会）可知这本书被用作历史教科书。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据Zhu Di （1360—1424）, also known as Yongle, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang“”（朱棣（1360年—1424年），又名永乐，朱元璋第四子。）可知永乐去世时64岁。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Zhu Di （1360—1424）, also known as Yongle, the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang. The third emperor of China’s Ming Dynasty（朝代） （1368— 1644）, stayed in power for 22 years. ”（朱棣（1360—1424），又名永乐，朱元璋第四子。中国明朝第三任皇帝，在位22年。）可知可以在目录第八页Emperors（皇帝）这里找到列举的内容。故选C。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing and had the Forbidden City （紫禁城） built there. ”（他将首都从南京迁至北京，并在那里建造了紫禁城。）可知紫禁城是永乐建的。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing and had the Forbidden City （紫禁城） built there. ”（他将首都从南京迁至北京，并在那里建造了紫禁城。）可知南京在永乐之前是明朝的都城是正确的。故选C。
Alice Lewis is from America. She is a creative girl. She likes to invent — to think of new ideas for things that no one has made before, and then make them.
One day, Alice’s mother showed her an article which explained how difficult it was to get sick people through the countryside to the hospital in Africa. Alice wanted to help.
Alice knew that in North America, before there were cars, horses pulled heavy things on a travois (旧式雪橇) which was made of wood. Alice thought people in Africa could do the same thing. She added wheels (轮子) to the travois for the African people. To make her travois light to pull, she used bamboo, a plant that grows in Africa, instead of wood.
You need to wear a belt (腰带) to pull Alice’s travois. That means you can free your hands to carry or hold other things. Alice thought her travois was perfect for carrying food home from the market, as well as taking people to the hospital. After it was finished, she wrote instructions for building one. So people in Africa could make it by themselves.
Alice doesn’t know if she wants to be an inventor when she grows up, because she also likes music and writing. But she thinks it’s important for children to learn about inventing at school.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
41. What’s Alice’s travois made of?
A. Bamboo. B. Wood. C. Iron. D. Glass.
42. The underlined word “light” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.
A. 明亮的 B. 轻便的 C. 美观的 D. 舒适的
43. What did Alice do after she finished her travois?
A. She tried to learn to use it. B. She showed it to her mother.
C. She drew a picture of it. D. She wrote the way to make it.
44. Which is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage?
①Alice thought her travois was perfect to take people to hospital in Africa.
②Alice is not sure if she will be an inventor when she grows up.
③Alice wanted to help the people in Africa.
④Alice added wheels to the travois for the African people.
A. ①②③④ B. ④③②① C. ③②①④ D. ③④①②
45. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Helping Others B. A Gift
C. A Creative Girl D. A New Invention
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了热爱发明的美国女孩爱丽丝，并讲述了她为非洲人发明新型雪橇来帮助他们运输病人去医院的故事。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“she used bamboo, a plant that grows in Africa, instead of wood”可知，爱丽丝是用竹子做的雪橇。故选A。
【42题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“she used bamboo, a plant that grows in Africa, instead of wood”以及常识可知，用竹子做雪橇是为了让雪橇拉起来更轻便，“light”表示“轻便的”。故选B。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“After it was finished, she wrote instructions for building one.”可知，爱丽丝做好雪橇后写了一张说明书，告诉人们制作的方法。故选D。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。通读全文可知正确的顺序是：爱丽丝想帮助非洲人民→爱丽丝给非洲人的雪橇加了轮子→爱丽丝认为她的雪橇在非洲带人去医院是完美的→爱丽丝不确定她长大后是否会成为一名发明家。故选D。
45题详解】
标题归纳题。本文主要讲述女孩爱丽丝热爱发明，改进旧式雪橇为人们带来方便的故事。结合文章开头“She is a creative girl”可知，C项作为文章标题最合适。故选C。
As we know the desert covers large areas of the Earth. In the desert, there is very little rain and it is very hot in the day and so cold at night. If you are a hiker (徒步者) or drive through the desert, it might be wise to know what you should do in order to be saved in the desert.
Drink a little water every hour. If you find a small piece of land where the earth is wet, dig deep to look for water. Another method of getting water is to cover a green plant with a plastic bag. As it breathes, the water vapor (蒸汽) will be collected inside the bag. Little by little, you can collect enough water to drink.
Plan to travel at night and sleep during the day, if you find you have to stay in the desert for a period of time. If you can find any shade (阴凉处) in the desert, use it to protect you from the strong sunlight.
Wear clothing in light color. It may seem like you’ll be cooler if you wear that kind of clothes, which actually helps your body to become cool and helps protect you from sunburn.
Prepare to signal (发信号) planes passing overhead if you are caught in the desert. During the day keep a smoky (有烟的) fire burning and at night, a bright, clean burning one. Spell out the word SOS on the ground as large as you can using whatever materials you can find. In this way, you have more chances to be saved.
根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。
46. The desert is very hot all the time.
47. Drink enough water before you start to travel in the desert.
48. It is a good way to travel at night and sleep in the daytime in the desert.
49. Spell out SOS on the ground so that planes passing overhead can find you easily.
50. The last paragraph tells us how to signal for help if you are caught in the desert.
【答案】46. F 47. F
48. T 49. T
50. T
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何在沙漠中生存。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In the desert, there is very little rain and it is very hot in the day and so cold at night.”可知，在沙漠里，白天很热，晚上很冷。而不是沙漠总是很热。故选F。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Drink a little water every hour.”可知，在沙漠旅行时每小时喝一点水。而不是在沙漠旅行前要喝足够的水。故选F。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Plan to travel at night and sleep during the day, if you find you have to stay in the desert for a period of time.”可知，在沙漠里，晚上旅行，白天睡觉是一种很好的方式。故选T。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Prepare to signal (发信号) planes passing overhead if you are caught in the desert.”及“Spell out the word SOS on the ground as large as you can using whatever materials you can find.”可知，在地面上拼出SOS，这样从头顶飞过的飞机就能很容易地找到你。故选T。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Prepare to signal (发信号) planes passing overhead if you are caught in the desert.”可知，后一段告诉我们，如果你被困在沙漠里，如何发出求救信号。故选T。
Once my mother told me a story. In Africa, when an antelope （羚羊） wakes up every morning, the first thing it thinks about is, “I must be able to run faster than the fastest lion, or I will be killed.” When a lion wakes from his dream, the first thing the lion thinks about is, “I must be able to catch the slowest antelope, or I will starve（饥饿） to death.” So, almost at the same time, they get up and start running toward the rising sun.
This is life: full of chances and challenges. ____51____. For students, it is just the same. If we do not study hard, sooner or later, we will fall behind the other students. ____52____. Later, I knew an exam was a kind of competition. In competitions, there are always winners and losers. As I grew up, I got to know competitions well. ____53____.
Each time I saw children playing games, and heard their laughter, I wished I were at that age again. However, I remembered my parents’ words, “You must work very hard in order to have a good future.” ____54____.
I was still not sure what competitions really meant. One day I was taking part in an English-speaking competition. When I went to the stage（舞台） I saw other students looking at me kindly. ____55____. It is not as cruel as my teacher and parents told me. In fact, competition is the opposite: it is kind and necessary.
阅读短文，把A～E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。
A. Whether you are an antelope or a lion, you must go ahead when the sun rises
B. I suddenly knew what competitions are
C. So I picked up my pen and began to study hard again
D. There must be competitions in one's life, so people can improve
E. At first, I did not know “exam” meant
【答案】51. A 52. E 53. D 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者妈妈给作者讲了一个故事，通过故事告诉作者竞争是良性的，是必要的。
【51题详解】
根据“For students, it is just the same. If we do not study hard, sooner or later, we will fall behind the other students.”可知，对于学生来说, 也是一样的。如果我们不努力学习，我们迟早会落在其他同学后面。A项“无论你是羚羊还是狮子，你必须在太阳升起时勇往直前”符合语境，故选A。
【52题详解】
根据后文“Later, I knew an exam was a kind of competition.” 可知，考试是一种竞争， 空处说的是考试。E项“说起初，我不知道‘考试’”符合语境，故选E。
【53题详解】
根据前文“In competitions, there are always winners and losers. As I grew up, I got to know competition well.”可知，在竞争中，总有赢家和输家。随着我长大，我对竞争有了很好的了解。空处应与竞争有关，D项“生活中必须有竞争，这样人们才能提高”符合语境，故选D。
【54题详解】
根据前文“However, I remembered my parents’ words, ‘You must work very hard in order to have a good future.’”可知，空处应与努力有关，C项“于是我拿起笔， 重新开始努力学习”符合语境，故选C。
【55题详解】
根据后文“It is not as cruel as my teacher and parents told me. In fact, competition is the opposite: it is kind and necessary. 可知此处说的是什么叫竞争。B项“我突然明白了什么是竞争”符合语境，故选B。
Just up the road is a field with two horses in it. They look the same from a distance （距离）. But if you take a closer look at the two horses, you will notice something very interesting.
One of the horses is blind. Instead of abandoning （抛弃） the poor horse, his owner has made a safe and comfortable barn （畜棚） for him to live in. If you stand nearby and listen, you will hear the sound of a bell. It comes from the smaller horse in the field. The bell is on the horse's halter （笼头）. It helps the blind horse know where his friend is, so he can follow.
As you stand and watch these two friends, you’ll see that the smaller horse with the bell is always checking on the blind horse, and that the blind horse will listen for the bell and then slowly walk to where the smaller horse is. When the smaller horse with the bell returns to the barn each time, he will stop to look back from time to time. He wants to make sure that the blind friend isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.
In our life, we get help from others when we are in need. Sometimes we are the blind horse, being guided by the ringing bell of our companions （同伴）. At other times, we are just the guide horse, helping others to find their way.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
56. How many horses can you see in the field?
__________________________________________
57. What's wrong with one of the horses?
__________________________________________
58. Is the bell on the small horse’s halter or on the big one's halter?
__________________________________________
59. Why does the smaller horse stop to look back when he returns to the barn?
__________________________________________
60. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
__________________________________________
【答案】56. Two
57. It’s blind
58. It’s on the small horse’s halter
59. He wants to make sure that the blind friend isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.
60. In our life, we get help from others when we are in need.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了善良的马主人让一匹带着铃铛的小马帮助盲马引路的故事。最后故事告诉我们在生活中，当我们需要帮助时，我们会得到别人的帮助，反之，在别人需要帮助时，我们也应伸出援手。
【56题详解】
根据第一段“Just up the road is a field with two horses in it.”可知，在田地里能看到两匹马。故填Two。
【57题详解】
根据第二段“One of the horses is blind”可知，其中一匹马是瞎的。故填It’s blind.
【58题详解】
根据第二段“It comes from the smaller horse in the field. The bell is on the horse’s halter （笼头）”可知，铃铛是在小马的笼头上。故填 It’s on the small horse’s halter.
【59题详解】
根据第三段“He wants to make sure that the blind friend isn't too far behind to hear the bell.”可知，小马回到马厩时会停下来回头看看是因为他想确保盲人朋友不会落后太远而听不到铃声。故填He wants to make sure that the blind friend isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.
【60题详解】
根据最后一段“In our life, we get help from others when we are in need...At other times, we are just the guide horse, helping others to find their way.”可知，在我们的生活中，当我们需要帮助时，我们会得到别人的帮助。故填In our life, we get help from others when we are in need.
五、语言运用（共10分）
x. 短文填空（10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个恰当的单词, 或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空, 使短文内容完整。
When I was small, my mum used to give the family something special for meals. She once put some burnt（烤焦的） bread in front of my dad. ____61____ my surprise, my dad just took his bread, smiled at my mum and then turned to ask me how my day at school was. I’ve forgotten ____62____ I told him that night, but I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread. He ____63____（eat） it up as usual.
After dinner, my mum said ____64____ to my dad for burning the bread. And I will never forget what he said, “I like burnt bread, dear. It doesn’t matter at all. ”
That night, I asked dad if he ____65____（real） liked his bread burnt. He took me in the arms and said, “Your mum worked very hard all day. She’s too ____66____. And you see — a bit of burnt food never hurt ____67____（someone）!”
Now I know life is not perfect. Nobody is perfect, either. As for me, I often forget birthdays or some other special ____68____（day）. But I’ve learned something important over these years. What we really need is the understanding of each other, whether between a husband and ____69____, a parent and child or just between two friends. This is the key to a happy life.
So don’t get angry ____70____ the bread gets burnt. Remember, burnt bread is not important at all. Be kind to those around you and a happier life will surely come closer to you.
【答案】61. To 62. what
63. ate 64. sorry
65. really 66. tired
67. anyone 68. days
69. days 70. if
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者爸爸毫不介意把妈妈烤焦的面包都吃了, 并且说自己很喜欢吃烤焦的面包。通过这件事作者理解到了幸福生活的关键是彼此互相理解。
【61题详解】
句意: 令我吃惊的是, 爸爸只是拿起面包, 对妈妈笑了笑, 然后转过身来问我今天在学校过得怎么样。根据“...my surprise”可知考查to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”, 可知空处使用介词to。故填To。
【62题详解】
句意: 我已经忘了那天晚上我对他说了什么, 但我确实记得看着他在面包上涂了点黄油。根据下文“but I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread. ”可知, 作者不记得爸爸说了什么。what什么, 疑问代词。故填what。
【63题详解】
句意: 他像往常一样把面包吃光了。根据上文谓语动词使用了“told”, 可知空处句子时态为一般过去时, 谓语动词使用过去式。eat吃, 动词。过去式为ate。故填ate。
【64题详解】
句意: 晚饭后, 我妈妈对我爸爸说对不起, 因为我把面包烤焦了。根据空后“for burning the bread”可知, 作者的妈妈对我爸爸说对不起。sorry对不起的, 形容词。故填sorry。
【65题详解】
句意: 那天晚上, 我问爸爸他是否真的喜欢烤焦的面包。空处使用副词修饰动词“liked”。故填really。
【66题详解】
句意: 她太累了。根据上文“Your mum worked very hard all day. ”可知, 作者的爸爸说妈妈太累了。tired劳累的, 形容词。故填tired。
【67题详解】
句意: 你看, 一点烧焦的食物不会伤害任何人！根据“never”可知为否定句故用anyone。故填anyone。
【68题详解】
句意: 至于我, 我经常忘记生日或其他一些特殊的日子。根据空前“some”可知, 空处使用名词复数形式。day的复数为days。故填days。
【69题详解】
句意: 我们真正需要的是彼此的理解, 无论是夫妻之间、父母和孩子之间, 还是仅仅是两个朋友之间。根据下文“a parent and child”可知是并列关系, 即无论是夫妻之间，还是父母和孩子之间，即空处使用单数形式“妻子”。故填wife。
【70题详解】
句意: 所以, 如果面包烧焦了, 不要生气。根据“So don’t get angry”和“the bread gets burnt”可知是假设的条件，用if“如果”连接两部分。故填if。
六、书面表达（共20分）
71. 假如你是陈星。打篮球后忘了拿运动背包。请你写一个不少于40词的寻物启事。
参考要点：学校操场（playground）；周四下午；黑色运动背包；包内有一件红色T恤、一双篮球鞋、一串钥匙和一个蓝色水瓶；联系方式。
Lost
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chen Xing
【答案】例文
Lost
I am Chen Xing. I forgot to take my black sports backpack after playing basketball on the playground on Thursday afternoon. There is a red T-shirt, a pair of basketball shoes, a bunch of keys, and a blue water bottle in the bag. If you find it, please call me. My phone number is 1234567890.

Chen Xing
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文为一篇寻物启事；
② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己遗失运动背包的时间和地点；
第二步，介绍背包里面有的东西；
第三步，介绍自己的联系方式。
[亮点词汇]
① a pair of一双
② a bunch of一串
[高分句型]
① There is a red T-shirt, a pair of basketball shoes, a bunch of keys, and a blue water bottle in the bag.（there be句型）
② If you find it, please call me.（if引导的条件状语从句）
72. 又是一年毕业季，假如你是李华，请对比三年来你和你的初中学校生活，谈谈你的变化和感想。
参考要点：
1.外貌性格；
2.学习交友；
3.举止行为。
要求：
1.参考要点仅为提示，可适当增减；
2.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息；
3.短文不少于80词，开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
I am Li Hua. I’m graduating from junior high school.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文

I am Li Hua. I’m graduating from junior high school. I have changed a lot in recent years. I used to be not tall and very thin. But now I am tall and strong. I like playing basketball. If I have time, I often go to the park with friends to play basketball. I was not good at English in the past. I am doing well in all subjects now. I used to be shy and didn’t want to talk to others. Now I have made many friends. I am also very willing to help others. I often volunteer outside. I have a very happy time now.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，从外貌性格，学习交友，行为举止等方面谈谈自己的变化；
第二步，对现在状态进行评价。
[亮点词汇]
①graduate from从……毕业
②used to do sth过去常常做某事
③be good at擅长
④do well in擅长
[高分句型]
If I have time, I often go to the park with friends to play basketball.（if引导条件状语从句）