2021-2023新高考英语真题分项汇编专题04动词和动词短语（解析版）

这是一份2021-2023新高考英语真题分项汇编专题04动词和动词短语（解析版），共5页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题04 动词和动词短语



1.（2023年新高考I卷完形填空）As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue.
25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
【答案】C
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
【答案】wished
【详解】考查动词。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
3.（新高考II卷完形填空）It just ___44___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___45___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___46___ Tiffy.
44. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
45. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
46. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
【答案】44. C 45. B 46. D
【详解】
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
4.（2023年浙江卷1月完形填空）
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 47 . He stopped every few minutes to move the rope higher up the tree trunk.
44．A．searched B．recognised C．followed D．invited
45．A．gathered B．cleaned C．dropped D．checked
46．A．shook B．lit C．measured D．decorated
47．A．jumping B．talking C．testing D．climbing
【答案】45.A 46.B 47.D
【解析】45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。




1. (2022年新高考1卷 完形填空) Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___41___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___42___ our peaceful morning trip.
41. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
42. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
【答案】41. D 42. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去Vallecito湖时，天气突然变化，旅行被迫中断了。
41.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册,报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房,结账离开；D. headed off启程,出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
2. (2022年新高考II卷) Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to ____41____ different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor".
41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话 。根据“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。
3. (2022年新高考II卷) In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the _44.case__，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars.
45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
【答案】B
【解析】考考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采访； B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
4. (2022年1月浙江卷)“I was simply_________a terrible experience,” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto.
A. getting over B. going through C. holding on D. passing down
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我只是经历了一段可怕的经历，”伯德尼女士在多伦多的家中说。A.getting over克服；B.going through 经历；C.holding on等一下； D.passing down传下去。根据下文 a terrible experience可知，此处应选“经历”。故选B。
5.（2022年天津卷）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.
A. highlight B. identify C. ignore D. prevent
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。
6.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）It is something that every manager should work hard to _________ among their team.
A．assess B．organize C．develop D．understand
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
7.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）For example teaching Jacky to swim means he has to __________ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
48．A．admit B．believe C．suggest D．imagine
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。


1. （2021年新高考I卷 完形填空）I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their _47.permission_.
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
【答案】45.B 46.A
【详解】
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
2. (2021年天津卷) Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A. judge B. differ C. withdraw D. benefit
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
3. (2021年6月 浙江卷)At this store, people ________ and then go off to the side to bag their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a stranger came up her and said.
A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店，人们结账后会到旁边去装他们自己的杂货。我的母亲正在把她的杂货放进购物袋时，一个陌生人走过来对她说。A. show up出现；B. call in召来，拜访；C. check out结账离开；D. sit down坐下。根据“then go off to the side to bag their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags” 可知，此处是 “人们结账后会到旁边去装他们自己的杂货”。故选C。
4. (2021年6新高考1卷 完形填空)________ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d expected.
A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：稍微慢一点，蛋糕就堆积如山。就像我在第一晚的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一些。A. Calm down冷静下来；B. Slow down慢下来；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on继续前进。根据语境可知，这里指的是如果做工时手脚不够快，蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。
5. (2021年天津卷 ) With that thought in mind, Pruitt ________ a plan and posted it on the community website.
A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. come up with提出；B. stick to坚持；C. give up放弃；D. break away from突然逃跑。根据后文 “a plan and posted it on the community website” 指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。
6. (2021年浙江卷1月语法填空) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ________ (consider) healthy.
【答案】is considered
【详解】考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。