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新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习15阅读理解+应用文写作
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这是一份新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习15阅读理解+应用文写作，共5页。试卷主要包含了8 and 12，词数80左右；等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
Yu've heard that plastic is plluting the ceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t reexamine their relatinship t singleuse plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse，” a pair f 10fttall plastic waves, frzen midcrash. Made f 168，000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源) f plastic pllutin, but they've recently cme under fire because mst peple dn't need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that's part f Vn Wng's artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad's wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic，” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10，000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they'd been dumped (倾倒) frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
1．What are Vn Wng's artwrks intended fr?
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Intrducing ecfriendly prducts.
C．Drawing public attentin t plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage n the beach.
2．Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3?
A．T shw the difficulty f their recycling.
B．T explain why they are useful.
C．T vice his views n mdern art.
D．T find a substitute fr them.
3．What effect wuld “Trucklad f Plastic” have n viewers?
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Artists' Opinins n Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Cntemprary Art
C．Respnsibility Demanded f Big Cmpanies
D．Ocean Plastics Transfrmed int Sculptures
B
I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder's Sphie'sWrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy (哲学).
That lve fr philsphy lasted until I gt t cllege. Nthing kills the lve fr philsphy faster than peple wh think they understand Fucault, Baudrillard, r Cnfucius better than yu — and then try t explain them.
Eric Weiner's TheScratesExpress: InSearchfLifeLessnsfrmDeadPhilsphers reawakened my lve fr philsphy. It is nt an explanatin, but an invitatin t think and experience philsphy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher's wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy, is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.
He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr. Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry, and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding (解读) their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.
TheScratesExpress is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk. I encurage yu t take his ffer. It's wrth yur time, even if time is smething we dn't have a lt f.
5．Wh pened the dr t philsphy fr the authr?
A．Fucault. B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jstein Gaarder. D．A cllege teacher.
6．Why des the authr list great philsphers in Paragraph 4?
A．T cmpare Weiner with them.
B．T give examples f great wrks.
C．T praise their writing skills.
D．T help readers understand Weiner's bk.
7．What des the authr like abut TheScratesExpress?
A．Its views n histry are wellpresented.
B．Its ideas can be applied t daily life.
C．It includes cmments frm readers.
D．It leaves an pen ending.
8．What des the authr think f Weiner's bk?
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitius.
C．Serius and hard t fllw.
D．Humrus and straightfrward.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2023·山东省潍坊市高三期末]假定你是李华，得知在你校交流学习的新西兰朋友Oliver对中国菜很感兴趣。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．邀请他周日到你家做客；
2．教他做一道中国菜。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
练习15 阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。艺术家Benjamin Vn Wng关注塑料污染导致的环境问题，他用回收而来的废旧塑料制品创作雕塑作品，以期唤起人们对塑料制品的关注，提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。
1．答案与解析：C 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段的最后一句“He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t reexamine their relatinship t singleuse plastic prducts”可知，艺术家Vn Wng制作雕塑的目的是迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系，即关注塑料废弃物造成的问题。
2．答案与解析：A 考查推断的能力。根据第三段的内容，尤其是其中的“Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源) f plastic f their small size and weight，they cannt be recycled”可知，全球仅有9%的塑料废弃物被回收利用，而且作者特别说明了塑料吸管因为小和轻而无法被回收。由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管的问题是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难。故选A。
3．答案与解析：B 考查推断的能力。根据第四段的内容可知，通过2018年的一件作品，Vn Wng想要说明一项明确的数据：每60秒就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋。为了这件名为“Trucklad f Plastic”的作品，Vn Wng和一群志愿者收集了一万多件塑料，然后这些塑料被捆到一起，就像它们是一起从卡车上倒下来的一样。这一作品直观展现了塑料污染的严重性，会令人不安，故选B。disturbing“令人不安的，令人震惊的”。
4．答案与解析：D 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通览全文可知，作者讲述了艺术家Vn Wng用塑料垃圾制作雕塑以期唤起人们对环保问题的关注的事迹，因此最佳标题为D。
B
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书TheScratesExpress唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了TheScratesExpress这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder's Sphie'sWrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jstein Gaarder的《 Sphie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jstein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher's wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。
7．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy, is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢TheScratesExpress这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
8．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiner的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“TheScratesExpress is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. (TheScratesExpress是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiner的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
One pssible versin：
Dear Oliver，
I've just learned that yu like Chinese cuisine very much. Why nt cme t my hme this Sunday and enjy sme Chinese dishes?
I'm gd at cking. I will treat yu t sme typical dishes f Sichuan cuisine, which is ppular with Chinese. If yu are interested, I can teach yu hw t ck “Map Tfu”， which is widely recgnized fr its perfect cmbinatin f clr, flavr, taste and appearance.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
2021·全国乙卷
记叙文
268词
★★★☆☆
2023·全国甲卷
说明文
285词
★★☆☆☆
A
Yu've heard that plastic is plluting the ceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year. But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des. He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t reexamine their relatinship t singleuse plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse，” a pair f 10fttall plastic waves, frzen midcrash. Made f 168，000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源) f plastic pllutin, but they've recently cme under fire because mst peple dn't need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled. Every straw that's part f Vn Wng's artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes. Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a trucklad's wrth f plastic enters the cean. Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic，” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10，000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like they'd been dumped (倾倒) frm a truck all at nce.
Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
1．What are Vn Wng's artwrks intended fr?
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Intrducing ecfriendly prducts.
C．Drawing public attentin t plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage n the beach.
2．Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3?
A．T shw the difficulty f their recycling.
B．T explain why they are useful.
C．T vice his views n mdern art.
D．T find a substitute fr them.
3．What effect wuld “Trucklad f Plastic” have n viewers?
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Artists' Opinins n Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Cntemprary Art
C．Respnsibility Demanded f Big Cmpanies
D．Ocean Plastics Transfrmed int Sculptures
B
I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder's Sphie'sWrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy (哲学).
That lve fr philsphy lasted until I gt t cllege. Nthing kills the lve fr philsphy faster than peple wh think they understand Fucault, Baudrillard, r Cnfucius better than yu — and then try t explain them.
Eric Weiner's TheScratesExpress: InSearchfLifeLessnsfrmDeadPhilsphers reawakened my lve fr philsphy. It is nt an explanatin, but an invitatin t think and experience philsphy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher's wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy, is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.
He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr. Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry, and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding (解读) their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.
TheScratesExpress is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk. I encurage yu t take his ffer. It's wrth yur time, even if time is smething we dn't have a lt f.
5．Wh pened the dr t philsphy fr the authr?
A．Fucault. B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jstein Gaarder. D．A cllege teacher.
6．Why des the authr list great philsphers in Paragraph 4?
A．T cmpare Weiner with them.
B．T give examples f great wrks.
C．T praise their writing skills.
D．T help readers understand Weiner's bk.
7．What des the authr like abut TheScratesExpress?
A．Its views n histry are wellpresented.
B．Its ideas can be applied t daily life.
C．It includes cmments frm readers.
D．It leaves an pen ending.
8．What des the authr think f Weiner's bk?
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitius.
C．Serius and hard t fllw.
D．Humrus and straightfrward.
Ⅱ.应用文写作
[2023·山东省潍坊市高三期末]假定你是李华，得知在你校交流学习的新西兰朋友Oliver对中国菜很感兴趣。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．邀请他周日到你家做客；
2．教他做一道中国菜。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
练习15 阅读理解＋应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。艺术家Benjamin Vn Wng关注塑料污染导致的环境问题，他用回收而来的废旧塑料制品创作雕塑作品，以期唤起人们对塑料制品的关注，提高人们对改善环境问题的参与意识。
1．答案与解析：C 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段的最后一句“He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t reexamine their relatinship t singleuse plastic prducts”可知，艺术家Vn Wng制作雕塑的目的是迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系，即关注塑料废弃物造成的问题。
2．答案与解析：A 考查推断的能力。根据第三段的内容，尤其是其中的“Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源) f plastic f their small size and weight，they cannt be recycled”可知，全球仅有9%的塑料废弃物被回收利用，而且作者特别说明了塑料吸管因为小和轻而无法被回收。由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管的问题是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难。故选A。
3．答案与解析：B 考查推断的能力。根据第四段的内容可知，通过2018年的一件作品，Vn Wng想要说明一项明确的数据：每60秒就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋。为了这件名为“Trucklad f Plastic”的作品，Vn Wng和一群志愿者收集了一万多件塑料，然后这些塑料被捆到一起，就像它们是一起从卡车上倒下来的一样。这一作品直观展现了塑料污染的严重性，会令人不安，故选B。disturbing“令人不安的，令人震惊的”。
4．答案与解析：D 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通览全文可知，作者讲述了艺术家Vn Wng用塑料垃圾制作雕塑以期唤起人们对环保问题的关注的事迹，因此最佳标题为D。
B
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书TheScratesExpress唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了TheScratesExpress这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“I was abut 13 when an uncle gave me a cpy f Jstein Gaarder's Sphie'sWrld. It was full f ideas that were new t me, s I spent the summer with my head in and ut f that bk. It spke t me and brught me int a wrld f philsphy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jstein Gaarder的《 Sphie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jstein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene n a train ride between cities and then frames each philspher's wrk in the cntext (背景) f ne thing they can help us d better. The end result is a read in which we learn t wnder like Scrates, see like Threau, listen like Schpenhauer, and have n regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。
7．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, mre than a bk abut understanding philsphy, is a bk abut learning t use philsphy t imprve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢TheScratesExpress这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。
8．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiner的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“TheScratesExpress is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. (TheScratesExpress是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiner的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
One pssible versin：
Dear Oliver，
I've just learned that yu like Chinese cuisine very much. Why nt cme t my hme this Sunday and enjy sme Chinese dishes?
I'm gd at cking. I will treat yu t sme typical dishes f Sichuan cuisine, which is ppular with Chinese. If yu are interested, I can teach yu hw t ck “Map Tfu”， which is widely recgnized fr its perfect cmbinatin f clr, flavr, taste and appearance.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
2021·全国乙卷
记叙文
268词
★★★☆☆
2023·全国甲卷
说明文
285词
★★☆☆☆
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