精品解析：江苏省南通市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末质量监测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：江苏省南通市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末质量监测英语试题（解析版），共21页。

2023年南通市高一学年度质量监测
英语
注意事项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后、用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man probably want the woman to do?
A. Wash his clothes. B. Find his work shin. C. Take his clothes to the cleaner’s.
2. Why does the woman ask the man to walk the dog tomorrow?
A. She will be working. B. She will be studying. C. She will be exercising.
3. What type of person does the man recommend?
A. Someone who has a little experience.
B. Someone who is a professional.
C. Someone who has the tools.
4. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In a hotel. B. In a hospital. C. In the speakers’ house.
5. What is the topic of the movie?
A. A new business. B. A moral decision. C. An interesting class.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman think is important?
A. The price. B. The model. C.The quality.
7. What are the speakers going to do next?
A. Visit a gym. B. Go to the cash desk. C. Check out more coffee makers.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When does India plan to achieve the goal of changing all three-wheeled vehicles?
A. By 2011. B. By 2015. C. By 2030.
9. What does the woman think most countries are doing wrong?
A. Focusing on profits.
B. Waiting too long to change.
C. Following the wrong leaders.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where is the company’s head office?
A. In Hong Kong. B. In Shanghai. C. In Paris.
11. What is the woman’s ambition?
A. Planning a concert.
B. Running her own airline.
C. Managing a unique team.
12. Who is the man?
A. An employer. B. A customer. C. A student.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did the speakers just receive?
A. A gift. B. An invitation. C. A birthday card.
14. How does the man know John?
A. He used to work for John.
B. He used to live near John.
C. He used to go to school with John.
15. How does the woman feel about going to Mexico at first?
A. Satisfied. B. Excited. C. Worried.
16. What is John like according to the conversation?
A. He is very generous. B. He is pretty poor. C. He is a little greedy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where was the storm going to land originally?
A. In New York. B. In Maryland. C. In Delaware.
18. What amount of rain are people expecting to receive?
A. The same as yesterday.
B. More than normal.
C. Less than usual.
19. How fast are the winds now?
A. About 95 mph. B. About 110 mph. C. About 115 mph.
20. What is the speaker doing?
A. Delivering a lecture. B. Telling a news story. C. Giving a weather forecast.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders, Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.
Scuba diving
Miyako Island is for diving(潜水), with a wealth of dive sites to explore, including many underwater caves. Even those without a diving license can have a try. Dive shops and tour operators also offer tours for beginners to explore Miyako Island’s underwater environment.
Snorkeling(浮潜)
Snorkeling is a must-try in Miyako Island. Plenty of space to dive close to the shore is a standout feature. For beginners, Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo Marine Garden, Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their favorite spots.
The bridges
Irabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan. It connects Miyako Island and Irabujima, stretching for 3540m. Smaller bridges connect Irabu and Shimoji islands, giving visitors additional beach options. On Shimoji Island, there is a boardwalk around Tooriike and two dramatic marine ponds connected to each other.
Unique beaches
Yonaha Maehama Beach is the most famous beach in Miyako Island, where white sand stretches for seven kilometers. Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock, is hidden in a small cove(湾), and one has to walk through lines of trees to get there.
Fresh island food
Delight your senses with delicious Miyako noodles, or fresh fruit. Okinawa has the highest mango production in Japan, and Miyako Island’s warm climate is suitable for growing fresh, juicy mangoes.
1. Which of the following may attract inexperienced divers?
A. Aragusuku. B. Shimojishima. C. Waiwai Beach. D. Imgyo Marine Garden.
2. What do we know about Sunayama Beach?
A. It stretches for 3540m. B. It is surrounded by trees.
C. It is hidden behind a rock. D. It can be reached on foot.
3. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce Miyako Island to readers. B. To advertise diving in Miyako Island.
C To promote green tourism in Miyako Island. D. To share an experience in Miyako Island with readers.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了旅游景点——宫古岛Miyako Island的活动内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Snorkeling(浮潜)中关键句“For beginners, Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo Marine Garden, Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their favorite spots.(对于初学者来说，Aragusuku和Shigira是不错的选择，但高级浮潜者可能会把Imgyo Marine Garden，Waiwai Beach和Shimojishima视为他们最喜欢的地方)”可知，Aragusuku可能会吸引没有经验的潜水员。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Unique beaches中关键句“Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock, is hidden in a small cove(湾), and one has to walk through lines of trees to get there.(以拱形岩石而闻名的Sunayama海滩隐藏在一个小海湾中，人们必须走过一排排的树木才能到达那里)”可知，Sunayama海滩步行就可以到达。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders, Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.(宫古岛以其阳光明媚的海滩和自然奇观而闻名，在假日期间欢迎许多游客)”及下文介绍活动内容可知，作者写本文是为了向读者介绍宫古岛。故选A项。
B
It’s difficult to determine whether social media is safe enough for children’s mental health, according to a new report from Dr. Vivek Murthy.
Although there are some benefits, social media use brings “a great risk of harm” to kids. “We’re in the middle of a youth mental health crisis, and I’m concerned that technology companies are contributing to it,” Dr. Murthy said.
“It is generally believed that parents and kids should be responsible for managing social media, despite the fact that these platforms are designed to increase the amount of time that our kids spend on them,” he said. “So that is not a fair fight. It’s time for us to support parents and kids.”
Up to 95% of kids aged 13 to 17 report using social media, with more than a third saying they use it “frequently”. And although 13 is commonly the minimum(最小的) age to use social media sites in the US, the report notes that nearly 40% of kids aged 8 to 12 use the platforms, as well.
One study of 6,595 US adolescents between ages 12 and 15 found that those who spent more than three hours a day on social media had twice the risk of symptoms(症状) of depression and anxiety as non-users, the report notes. It also cites(引用) studies that found reducing social media use led to improvements in mental health.
Murthy says he hopes the report will encourage measures before it is too late. “Independent researchers tell us that they have a hard time getting the information they need from technology companies about the health effects on kids,” he said. “Social media companies should be responsible for protecting children as other industries are. As to other products that kids use, we take the approach of safety first. We need to do it here, too.”
4. What causes children’s mental problems according to Murthy?
A. Risk of addiction. B. Parents’ management.
C. Technology companies. D. Children’s learning stress.
5. How does the author prove the children’s heavy use of social media?
A. By listing data. B. By providing facts. C. By giving examples. D. By explaining causes.
6. What is the report based on?
A. Public opinions. B. Previous studies. C. Field observation. D. Family relationships.
7. What does Muthy want to stress in the last paragraph?
A Health effects of social media on kids. B. Safely for kids concerning all products.
C. Immediate action to protect the children. D. Difficulty in getting the needed information.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。Murthy博士的一份新报告表明，社交媒体对儿童的心理健康有着一定的影响，他认为，我们应立即采取行动保护儿童。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““We’re in the middle of a youth mental health crisis, and I’m concerned that technology companies are contributing to it,” Dr. Murthy said.(“我们正处于一场青少年心理健康危机之中，我担心科技公司会助长这种危机，”Murthy博士说)”可知，根据Murthy博士的话，科技公司导致了孩子们的心理健康问题。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Up to 95% of kids aged 13 to 17 report using social media, with more than a third saying they use it “frequently”. And although 13 is commonly the minimum age to use social media sites in the US, the report notes that nearly 40% of kids aged 8 to 12 use the platforms, as well.(在13岁至17岁的孩子中，多达95%的人使用社交媒体，超过三分之一的人说他们“经常”使用社交媒体。虽然在美国，13岁通常是使用社交媒体网站的最低年龄，但报告指出，近40%的8至12岁的孩子也在使用这些平台)”可知，作者通过列举数据来证明孩子们过度使用社交媒体。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“One study of 6,595 US adolescents between ages 12 and 15 found that those who spent more than three hours a day on social media had twice the risk of symptoms of depression and anxiety as non-users, the report notes. It also cites studies that found reducing social media use led to improvements in mental health.(报告指出，一项针对6595名12至15岁美国青少年的研究发现，每天在社交媒体上花费超过3小时的人出现抑郁和焦虑症状的风险是不使用社交媒体的人的两倍。它还引用了一些研究，发现减少社交媒体的使用可以改善心理健康)”可以看出，该报告基于以前的研究得出结论。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Murthy says he hopes the report will encourage measures before it is too late.(Murthy说他希望这份报告能够鼓励采取措施，以免为时过晚)”及下文内容可推知，Muthy在最后一段想要强调“应立即采取行动保护儿童”这一观点。故选C。
C
When my daughter was seven years old, she came home from soccer practice clearly downhearted. When asked, she told me what a teammate said: her teeth were too yellow. My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can’t always be there to protect our kids from unkind words. I tried to console my daughter. I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I told her not to let someone else’s criticisms influence her. On the inside, though, I worried. From my youth, I’ve struggled with the concept that my self-worth was directly related to my physical appearance.
When I became a mom, I was afraid that this concept would take root in my daughter. I wanted to protect her little ears from unkind words that might skew(歪曲) her idea of self-worth. I wanted to protect her little eyes from unrealistic beauty standards set by magazines, television, and movies. I wanted to protect her little heart from being broken by the thought that she didn’t live up to the standards in some way.
How, then, can we teach our kids that they are much more than their appearance? We can start by modeling kindness, and self-acceptance in our own lives. Kids tend to copy what adults do and say, so be careful. If we are putting ourselves down, our kids will follow in our footsteps. Instead, adopt a positive attitude when it comes to your own self-worth. Praise kids for their acts of kindness, like sharing with a friend or helping a family member without being asked and talk to them about how it makes them feel.
It’s a hard thing for parents to teach children to be confident in their own skin and to pay more attention to their inner beauty than outward appearance. It’s also worthy of note that there’s nothing wrong with telling your kids they are beautiful. I tell my kids that they’re beautiful all the time. Hopefully, in doing so, they’ll begin to understand that there’s so much more to them than just their shells.
8. What does the underlined word “console” probably mean in paragraph 1?
A. Influence. B. Comfort. C. Accompany. D. Criticize.
9. What does the author try to express in paragraph 2?
A. Her expectation for her daughter’s future. B. Her concerns about her daughter’s growth.
C. Her hope to protect her kid from falling ill. D. Her attempts to keep her daughter energetic.
10. How should we educate our kids about self-worth according to the author?
A. By delivering a speech to them. B. By sharing our ideas with them.
C. By accepting all their decisions. D. By setting a good example to them.
11. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
A. Encourage kids to ignore the outer beauty.
B. Avoid praising the appearance of our children.
C. Teach our kids the significance of inner beauty.
D. Try to listen to our children as much as possible.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过女儿被队友的话语伤害这件事引发了对于孩子自我价值教育的思考。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“My heart broke for her. As parents, we try to keep our children safe, but we can’t always be there to protect our kids from unkind words.(我为她心碎了。作为父母，我们努力保护孩子的安全，但我们不能总是在那里保护孩子免受不友善的话的伤害)”及下文“I told her that she has a beautiful smile with nice, strong, healthy teeth. I told her not to let someone else’s criticisms influence her.(我告诉她，她有一个美丽的微笑和漂亮，坚固，健康的牙齿。我告诉她不要让别人的批评影响到她)”可知，当知道孩子被队友的话伤害后，作者尽力安慰她。comfort“安慰”，意思相近。故选B。

【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“From my youth, I’ve struggled with the concept that my self-worth was directly related to my physical appearance.(从我年轻的时候起，我就一直纠结于这样一个概念，即我的自我价值与我的外表直接相关)”及下一段“When I became a mom, I was afraid that this concept would take root in my daughter.(当我成为一名母亲时，我害怕这种观念会在我的女儿身上扎根)”及下文描写妈妈想要对女儿做出的保护可以看出，作者对于孩子的成长是很担忧的。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“We can start by modeling kindness, and self-acceptance in our own lives. Kids tend to copy what adults do and say, so be careful. If we are putting ourselves down, our kids will follow in our footsteps.(我们可以从在自己的生活中树立善良和自我接纳的榜样开始。孩子们倾向于模仿大人的言行，所以要小心。如果我们贬低自己，我们的孩子就会步我们的后尘)”可知，根据作者的想法，我们应该给孩子们树立一个好榜样来教育他们自我价值。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s a hard thing for parents to teach children to be confident in their own skin and to pay more attention to their inner beauty than outward appearance. It’s also worthy of note that there’s nothing wrong with telling your kids they are beautiful.(父母很难教孩子对自己的皮肤有信心，更关注自己的内在美而不是外表。同样值得注意的是，告诉你的孩子他们很漂亮并没有错)”及“Hopefully, in doing so, they’ll begin to understand that there’s so much more to them than just their shells.(希望在这样做的过程中，它们会开始明白，除了外表之外，它们还有很多东西)”可知，作者在最后一段建议教导我们的孩子内在美的重要性。故选C。
D
Enthusiastic travelers may have already heard of “regenerative tourism” along with the idea of sustainability(持续性). Whenever we travel—no matter where or how—we are leaving an impact on the environment and the world surrounding us. While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations, regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.
Regenerative tourism means “the idea that tourists should leave a place in better condition than it was before”. For example, when visiting a garden, each person plants a tree to further build the environment instead of leaving no trace(痕迹).
In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean-up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove. While travelers certainly don’t need to join in a community clean-up while on vacation (unless they want to), the idea of being involved is very much the same.
Joining in regenerative tourism has personal and environmental benefits. Jeffrey Skibins, an associate professor in entertainment and park management, says, “Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally, conservation (保护) behaviors enable tourists to develop life-long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.”
Regenerative means “to renew and revive”, which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover. Depending on where one plans to travel, there might be more ways to help than originally realized. By further encouraging damaged environments to be renewed through travel rather than being negatively impacted, we can slowly help to rebuild the world’s most beautiful landscapes.
12. What is the aim of regenerative tourism?
A. To further improve the environment. B. To limit the footprint of human beings.
C. To keep a place in its original condition. D. To dramatically promote global economy.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Designing a bright future for our life. B. Taking part in a community clean-up.
C. Renewing our ideas about environments. D. Getting active in the acts of sustainability.
14. What does Jeffrey Skibins think of regenerative tourism?
A. It makes travelers closely connected. B. It gives personal satisfaction to travelers.
C. It leaves a short-term effect on tourists. D. It helps tourists improve their learning ability.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part
B. Travelling patterns make a difference to the environment
C. Conservation behavior enjoys its popularity among households
D. The idea of sustainability takes root in all enthusiastic travelers
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的旅游形式——再生旅游。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While sustainable tourism takes positive steps toward limiting that footprint in order for us to protect environments for future generations, regenerative tourism takes this idea one step further.(虽然可持续旅游采取了积极措施来限制这种足迹，以便我们为子孙后代保护环境，但再生旅游将这一想法更进一步)”可知，再生旅游的目的是为了进一步改善环境。故选A项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability. Another great example of this is any act of clean-up. This is especially popular on major beaches and in parks where there’s always rubbish to pick up and waste to remove.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们的可持续发展行为。另一个很好的例子是任何清理行为。这在主要的海滩和公园里尤其受欢迎，因为那里总是有垃圾要捡，有垃圾要清除)”可知，文章第三段表明应积极参与可持续发展的行动。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Jeffrey Skibins所说“Many tourists report feelings of deep personal satisfaction and a stronger connection to nature. Additionally, conservation behaviors enable tourists to develop life-long learning around these issues and continue these behaviors at home.(许多游客表示，他们感到深深的个人满足感，与大自然的联系更紧密了。此外，保护行为使游客能够围绕这些问题进行终身学习，并在家中继续这些行为)”可知，Jeffrey Skibins认为再生旅游给旅行者带来了个人的满足。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章全文内容尤其是第三段“In a way, regenerative tourism involves travelers to be active in their acts of sustainability.(在某种程度上，再生旅游要求旅行者积极参与他们可持续发展行为)”及第五段“Regenerative means “to renew and revive”, which is exactly what many travelers are doing to help environments recover.(再生的意思是“更新和恢复”，这正是许多旅行者为帮助环境恢复所做的事情)”可知，本文介绍了什么是“再生旅游”及“再生旅游”中，游客应该如何去做，A选项“Regenerative tourism invites travelers to do their part(再生旅游邀请游客尽自己的一份力量)”适合作为本文标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard to focus on a book when your eyes feel heavy and your head is nodding. But does reading actually make you worn out? ____16____ Let’s take a closer look at the science behind why reading can make us tired.
Reading is basically guided daydreaming, and daydreaming isn’t that different from sleep. ____17____ When you’re daydreaming or lost in a book, your body is in a state of relaxation and your mind is free to wander. This can be a very pleasant experience, but it’s not surprising that it can also make you tired.
Many people enjoy lying down at the end of the day with a good book. ____18____ We make sure we’re comfortable, maybe make ourselves a hot drink and settle down to read, cosy and uninterrupted (不受打扰的). Is it any wonder reading can make us nod off?
____19____ It’s not just the act of reading that can be tiring. Sitting still in a darkly lit room can signal to your brain that it’s time to go to sleep, and it increases eye pain, which can be another cause of tiredness.
What you’re reading can also play a part in how tired it makes you feel. If you’re reading a particularly dull text, it’s natural that your brain will start to shut down in an attempt to protect itself! If you’re trying to process a lot of information, your brain will be working hard and you may start to feel tired. ____20____
A. It is a common practice to do so.
B. Reading in low light makes you tired.
C. You should improve some aspects of reading.
D. In fact, you spend a long period of time reading.
E. Actually, both activities share some common features.
F. The mental process can be tiring while you are reading.
G. In that case, turn to something more interesting or enjoyable.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了为什么阅读会让我们感到疲劳背后的科学。
【16题详解】
由上文“It can be hard to focus on a book when your eyes feel heavy and your head is nodding. But does reading actually make you worn out? (当你的眼睛感到沉重，头在点头时，你很难专注于一本书。但是读书真的会让你疲惫不堪吗)”可知，该空侧面回答上文提出的问题，表明读书会让人疲惫不堪，疲倦的时候读书会导致要花很长时间阅读，承接上文，D选项“事实上，你花很长一段时间阅读。”切题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Reading is basically guided daydreaming, and daydreaming isn’t that different from sleep. (阅读基本上是引导性的白日梦，白日梦与睡眠没有什么不同)”和下文“When you’re daydreaming or lost in a book, your body is in a state of relaxation and your mind is free to wander. This can be a very pleasant experience, but it’s not surprising that it can also make you tired. (当你在做白日梦或沉浸在书中时，你的身体处于放松状态，你的思想可以自由漫步。这可能是一次非常愉快的经历，但它也会让你感到疲惫也就不足为奇了)”可知，上文讲白日梦与睡眠没有什么不同，下文讲这两项活动拥有的共同点，承接上下文，E选项“实际上，这两项活动都有一些共同的特点。”切题。故选E项。
【18题详解】
由上文“Many people enjoy lying down at the end of the day with a good book. (许多人喜欢在一天结束时躺下来读一本好书)”和常识可知，“许多人喜欢在一天结束时躺下来读一本好书”是一种常见的做法，承接上文，A选项“这样做是一种常见的做法。”切题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由下文“It’s not just the act of reading that can be tiring. Sitting still in a darkly lit room can signal to your brain that it’s time to go to sleep, and it increases eye pain, which can be another cause of tiredness. (累的不仅仅是阅读。在光线昏暗的房间里坐着不动会向你的大脑发出信号，表明该睡觉了，还会增加眼睛疼痛，这可能是疲劳的另一个原因)”可知，在昏暗的光线下看书累的不仅仅是阅读，还有你的眼睛，承接下文，B选项“在昏暗的光线下看书会使你疲倦。”切题。故选B项。
【20题详解】
由上文“What you’re reading can also play a part in how tired it makes you feel. If you’re reading a particularly dull text, it’s natural that your brain will start to shut down in an attempt to protect itself! If you’re trying to process a lot of information, your brain will be working hard and you may start to feel tired. (你所读的内容也会影响你的疲劳感。如果你正在阅读一篇特别枯燥的文章，你的大脑很自然地会为了保护自己而开始关闭！如果你试图处理大量信息，你的大脑会很努力，你可能会开始感到疲劳)”可知，你所读的内容也会影响你的疲劳感，阅读难度大的东西，你的大脑会很努力，产生的这种疲劳感应该是心理上的疲劳，承接上文，F选项“当你读书时，心理过程可能会很累。”切题。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am a Senior 3 student, and all my classmates are always talking about the future. Nine out of ten ____21____ are about universities, dream jobs, or what we want to seek after high school.
My desk is already covered with stickers(贴纸) from universities I even don’t know whether to ____22____ for. And my diary is filled with more notes about grades for ____23____ than personal thoughts.
However, I recently found that ____24____ the future is preventing me from living in the present. I selected courses I ____25____ had no interest in just to improve my grades. I found myself doing schoolwork only with the ____26____ of getting good grades for university admissions.
At one time, I had viewed high school as a path to ____27____ me from childhood to adulthood. I felt that way until last month when I ____28____ my school’s two-hour dance party.
As I danced with 200 ____29____ teenagers in the hall, I had a feeling I hadn’t felt for a long time: I was present and we were all present. I wasn’t worried about my _____30_____ because that wasn’t important at that moment. All that _____31_____ was that I was young.
That night _____32_____ everything. I understand now high school is _____33_____ just a path to adulthood. High school is a rightful destination of its own. Ever since I’ve been trying to _____34_____ every second of my life in the present. Every time I find myself _____35_____ about the future, I take a step back, recenter myself and live my life as an adolescent, not an adult-to-be.
21. A. experiences B. conversations C. events D. duties
22. A. apply B. look C. call D. pay
23. A. dances B. programs C. admissions D. games
24. A. throwing in B. focusing on C. referring to D. building up
25. A. hardly B. regularly C. secretly D. completely
26. A. aim B. habit C. courage D. help
27. A. support B. inspire C. treat D. transport
28. A. postponed B. confirmed C. attended D. refused
29. A. desperate B. sweaty C. generous D. confused
30. A. interest B. talent C. future D. belief
31. A. counted B. differed C. appeared D. existed
32. A. enhanced B. announced C. revealed D. changed
33 A. less than B. more than C. no less than D. no more than
34. A. track B. expand C. balance D. value
35. A. particular B. positive C. anxious D. sorry
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者作为一名高三学生，所有的努力都是在为好的未来做准备，直到有一天，作者和200个青少年跳舞时，有了新的感悟。从那之后，只要作者感到焦虑就及时调整自己，活在当下。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：十分之九的谈话都是关于大学、理想的工作，或者我们高中毕业后想要寻找什么。A. experiences经历；B. conversations对话；C. events活动；D. duties责任。根据“talking about the future”可知，十分之九的谈话都是关于大学、理想的工作。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的桌子上已经贴满了我不知道该不该申请的大学的贴纸。A. apply申请；B. look看；C. call称呼；D. pay支付。根据“My desk is already covered with stickers(贴纸) from universities”可知，作者的桌子上贴满了不知道该不该申请的大学的贴纸。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的日记里写的更多的是关于录取成绩的笔记，而不是个人想法。A. dances舞蹈；B. programs程序；C. admissions进入许可；D. games游戏。根据“grades for”可知，日记里更多的是允许进入大学的成绩的笔记。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我最近发现，对未来的关注阻碍了我活在当下。A. throwing in额外附送；B. focusing on关注；C. referring to参考、指的是；D. building up加强。根据“preventing me from living in the present”及上文内容可知，上文作者对于未来的关注阻碍了自己活在当下。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了提高成绩，我选择了完全不感兴趣的课程。A. hardly几乎不；B. regularly规律地；C. secretly秘密地；D. completely完全地。根据“to improve my grades”可知，作者为了提高成绩，选择了自己完全不感兴趣的课程。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己做功课只是为了在大学录取中取得好成绩。A. aim目的；B. habit习惯；C. courage勇气；D. help帮助。根据“getting good grades for university admissions”可知，作者做功课的目的只是为了在大学录取中获得好成绩。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间，我把高中看作是我从童年到成年的通道。A. support支持；B. inspire鼓舞；C. treat对待；D. transport运送。根据“viewed high school as a path to ____7____ me from childhood to adulthood”可知，作者将高中看作是把自己从童年运送到成年的通道。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直这么想直到上个月我参加了学校两个小时的舞会。A. postponed推迟；B. confirmed确认；C. attended出席、参加；D. refused拒绝。根据“my school’s two-hour dance party”可知，作者参加了学校舞会。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我和200名汗流浃背的青少年在大厅里跳舞时，我有了一种很久没有过的感觉：我在场，我们都在场。A. desperate绝望的；B. sweaty出汗的；C. generous慷慨的；D. confused困惑的。根据“200 ____9____ teenagers”可知，200个青少年和作者一起跳舞，大家都出了汗。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不担心我的未来，因为那在当时并不重要。A. interest兴趣；B. talent才能；C. future未来；D. belief相信。根据前文“However, I recently found that ____4____ the future is preventing me from living in the present.”可知，作者在跳舞时不担心未来。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我还年轻。A. counted重要；B. differed不同；C. appeared出现；D. existed存在。根据“that I was young”可知，重要的是，作者还年轻。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一夜改变了一切。A. enhanced提高；B. announced宣布；C. revealed揭示；D. changed改变。根据下文“I understand now high school is ____13____ just a path to adulthood.”可知，那一晚的经历改变了作者对于生活的态度。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我现在明白高中不仅仅是通往成年的道路。A. less than少于；B. more than多于，不仅仅是；C. no less than不少于；D. no more than不多于。根据“high school is ____13____ just a path to adulthood. High school is a rightful destination of its own.”可知，作者后来认为，高中不仅仅是通往成年的道路。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直在努力珍惜我现在生命中的每一秒。A. track追踪；B. expand扩大；C. balance使……平衡；D. value珍惜。根据“every second of my life in the present”可知，从那之后，作者一直努力珍惜生命中的每一秒。选项D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我发现自己对未来感到焦虑时，我就退后一步，重新调整自己，像一个青少年那样生活，而不是一个即将成年的人。A. particular特定的；B. positive积极的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. sorry抱歉的。根据“I take a step back, recenter myself and live my life as an adolescent, not an adult-to-be”可知，每当作者感到焦虑，他会后退一步，重新调整自己。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺。
36. The Impressionists’ vision inspired a whole new generation of Post-Impressionist painters like Vincent Van Gogh, ________ works are displayed at Musée d’Orsay. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：印象派的想象力启发了新一代的后印象派画家，比如文森特·梵高，他的作品在奥塞博物馆展出。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Vincent Van Gogh作定语从句works的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
37. Qingming Scroll has survived the test of time ________(remarkable) well, and is currently housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】remarkably
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：《清明上河图》相当好地经受住了时间的考验，目前收藏在北京故宫博物院。分析句子可知，空处用副词作状语修饰well，remarkable的副词形式是remarkably。故填remarkably。
38. Our committee works hand in hand with other ________(branch) of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】branches
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的委员会与其他政府部门携手合作，确保以环保的方式执行发展策略。根据句意可知，空处用名词作宾语，表示“政府的其他部门”，不止一个部门，用名词复数。故填branches。
39. Butterfly lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements and this unique combination has made me realize that music is indeed ________ universal language. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】a

【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：《梁祝》结合了中西方音乐元素，这种独特的结合让我意识到音乐确实是一种世界通用的语言。分析句子可知，空处表示“一种”，为泛指，universal以辅音音素开头，此处用不定冠词a。故填a。
40. We often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and when we eat it again, we unlock memories of a time when we ________(love) and looked after. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】were loved
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们经常把鸡汤和快乐的童年联系在一起，当我们再次喝鸡汤时，我们就会想起我们被爱和被照顾的时光。根据unlock memories of a time可知，when引导的定语从句用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，we和love的关系为被动，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，we为复数人称。故填were loved。
41. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, ________(award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】awarded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，以表彰她在抗击疟疾方面的贡献。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词在句子中作状语，逻辑主语Tu Youyou与award构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填awarded。
42. Life beyond smartphones is richer and more beautiful, and I am going to take advantage of ________.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：智能手机之外的生活更丰富、更美好，我将利用它。结合上下文可知，此处用it指代上文提到的“Life beyond smartphones”作take advantage of的宾语。故填it。
43. Only in this way can the Internet be a piece of discovery, wonder and ________(inspire) for everyone. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】inspiration
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只有这样，互联网才能成为每个人的发现、惊叹和灵感之地。分析句子可知，空处与discovery和 wonder并列，用名词作介词of的宾语，inspire对应的名词为inspiration。故填inspiration。
44. The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud ________ (shoot) from the top of the volcano. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】shooting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人群抬头望去，看到一片巨大的云从火山顶上喷射而出，他们的恐惧难以言表。see sb./sth. doing固定搭配，意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，此处宾语a huge cloud和动词shoot是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填shooting。
45. Sabrina Andron warned her parents of the danger, though at first they just thought she ________(joke). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】was joking

【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：塞布丽娜·安德隆警告她的父母有危险，尽管一开始他们以为她只是在开玩笑。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，结合句意，表示“当时正在开玩笑”，用过去进行时，主语she为单数。故填was joking。
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，暑假即将来临，你的老师Tony准备布置线上课程，帮助同学利用假期学习。你认为线上课程存在问题，请你给Tony老师写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：线上课程online courses
Dear Tony,
I’m your student, Li Hua.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tony,
I’m your student, Li Hua. I’m writing to share with you my idea about the online courses to be assigned.
Personally, well-meant as the courses are, some students don’t take them seriously. In that case, their learning efficiency won’t be guaranteed. Worse still, too much time spent learning online is likely to harm their physical and mental health. Hence, to hold the students’ attention and ensure their health, I strongly recommend more interesting courses and a shortened duration.
I sincerely hope my advice is of practical use to you. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给老师Tony写邮件，反馈线上课程存在的问题，并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主意/观点：idea→opinion
保证：guarantee→assure
有吸引力的：interesting→appealing
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Worse still, too much time spent learning online is likely to harm their physical and mental health.
拓展句：Worse still, if they spend too much time learning online, their physical and mental health is likely to be harmed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Personally, well-meant as the courses are, some students don’t take them seriously.（运用了让步状语从句的倒装结构）
【高分句型2】Worse still, too much time spent learning online is likely to harm their physical and mental health.（运用了过去分词作后置定语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a warm spring morning. Five-year-old Mary was riding on a swing(秋千) outside the yard. When swinging, Mary was angrily thinking about her eleven-year-old brother, David. “How could he be so mean?” she asked herself, remembering how David had made a face and called her a “big baby” at the breakfast table. The swing carried her up so high that she could see for miles.
Mary’s red sweater flashed brightly in the morning sunlight. She then stopped thinking about her brother and started to sing a swinging song.
On a distant hill behind the swing, a huge bull(公牛) with long, sharp horns(角) watched the red sweater swinging back and forth in the sunlight. The bull had broken out of his ranch(牧场). It became angry and ready to attack anything that was moving. It made deep sounds. Then it lowered its big head and began running across the field toward the red sweater.
Meanwhile, David was in the yard, feeding the chickens. He looked out and saw his little sister on the swing. Then suddenly he saw the bull running across the field, heading straight for his sister. Knowing Mary was in danger, David shouted, “Look out behind you, Mary! Get off the swing! Run!” Mary didn’t hear him; she just kept singing and swinging. The bull was halfway across the field and approaching Mary quickly. David’s heart beat quickly. He must do something now or he had no chance.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
David ran across the chicken yard, rushing toward his sister.
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Seeing this, David immediately pulled Mary’s red sweater off.
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【答案】David ran across the chicken yard, rushing toward his sister. He ran faster than he had ever run before. Catching one of the ropes, David made the swing stop, pulling his sister sideways to the ground only a second before the angry bull attacked the place where Mary had been. Realizing the danger, Mary let out of a terrified yell. The bull stopped, still making deep sounds. Then it faced the siblings and lowered its head to launch another attack.
Seeing this, David immediately pulled Mary’s red sweater off. Then he threw the sweater as far away as he could. The bull followed it, instead of continuing running towards them. Soon, the bull tore the red sweater into pieces. Meanwhile, David half pulled and half carried his frightened sister to safety. After Mary calmed down, she thanked her big brother for rescuing her. From that day on, Mary just laughed every time David called her a “big baby”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一次玛丽在山上荡秋千，因为被哥哥称呼为“大宝贝”而不愉快，直到身后有一只公牛快要袭击她，她的哥哥大卫想办法成功营救玛丽，玛丽很享受被称呼为“大宝贝”的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“大卫跑过鸡场，向妹妹奔去。”可知，第一段可描写大卫如何解救在秋千上的妹妹玛丽。
②由第二段首句内容“看到这里，大卫立即脱下玛丽的红毛衣。”可知，第二段可描写大卫如何利用妹妹的红毛衣作诱饵，引导公牛攻击的经过及妹妹成功获救。
2.续写线索：大卫冲向妹妹——解救在秋千上的妹妹——公牛再次攻击——用红毛衣引导公牛——妹妹成功获救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓：catch/grab/seize
②扔：throw/cast
情绪类
①害怕的/恐惧的：terrified/frightened/fearful/scared/freaked out
②感激：thank/be grateful for/show gratitude to
【点睛】[高分句型1].Catching one of the ropes, David made the swing stop, pulling his sister sideways to the ground only a second before the angry bull attacked the place where Mary had been.（运用了现在分词作状语、before引导的状语从句和where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. From that day on, Mary just laughed every time David called her a “big baby”.（运用了every time引导的状语从句）