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精品解析：江苏省南通市海安市实验中学2022-2023学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：江苏省南通市海安市实验中学2022-2023学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022～2023学年第二学期期末考前演练试卷(四)
高二英语
(满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What would the man probably prefer to drink?
A. Water. B. Coke. C. Coffee.
2. How does the woman learn best?
A Through pictures. B. Through writing. C. Through listening.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Co-workers.
4. How does the man probably feel about the restaurant?
A. The food is of bad quality.
B. It doesn’t have good service.
C. Its location is too far from his house.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. When the man will move house.
B. What kind of flat Cathy wants.
C. Why the man moved house.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man stay during his trip?
A. At his grandparents’ house.
B. In a hotel.
C. At his friend’s house.
7. What was probably the woman’s favorite place in Beijing?
A. A natural lake. B. A mountain area. C. An urban center.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. Why does the woman want to buy the jacket?
A. To give it as a gift.
B. To replace an old jacket.
C. To wear at an event for her work.
9. What is probably the current location of the speakers?
A. A market. B. A shopping mall. C. A department store.
10.How much will the woman probably pay?
A. $ 10. B. $ 90. C. $ 100.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why did the woman’s computer probably break?
A. It got wet. B. It was too old. C. It suffered high heat.
12. What is the woman’s main concern?
A. Recovering her files.
B. Fixing her computer quickly.
C. Getting a new computer cheaply.
13. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Fix her computer.
B. Recycle her computer.
C. Recommend a different computer repair shop.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What’s the girl’s nationality?
A. English B. American C. French.
15. What do the girl’s parents want her to study?
A. Acting. B. Business C. Medicine
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates
B. Professor and student
C. Dorm keeper and student.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many countries in Africa speak Portuguese?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Five
18 What fact about Portugal is the speaker probably most proud of?
A. It has its own national type of music.
B. It has the oldest bookstore in the world.
C. It is the oldest country in Europe
19.What is the speaker’s favorite area of Portugal to visit?
A. The beaches B. The major cities. C. The northern forest area.
20.When will the speaker probably return home?
A. After finishing university.
B. After a few years of work.
C. After his retirement.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Exploring Libraries
There are three branches of the New York Public Library in the Riverdale / Kings-bridge area as well as a Bronx—wide branch. Each has thousands of books for lending, as well as weekly readings and concerts. Call branches for library hours.
●Bronx Library Center
310 E. Kingsbridge Road
(718) 5794244
The largest public library in the Bronx—this 8,000-square-foot center is NYPL’s first green library and features the system’s premier Latino and Puerto Rican Heritage Collection. Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.
●Riverdale Library
5540 Mosholo Ave.
(718) 5491212
Across the street from Riverdale Neighborhood House, this branch has cathedral ceilings and is surrounded by trees and grass. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 6 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Kingsbridge Library
291 W. 231st St., at Corlear Avenue
(718) 548—5656
The Kingsbridge Library is the largest local library. It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Van Cortlandt Library
3882 Cannon Place
(718) 543—5150
Located right along the B×1, B×2 and B×10 bus lines, this library is near the Jerome Park Reservoir and Van Cortlandt Park. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building, says branch manager Rebecca Brown—Barbier. And for more information, please contact NYPL. org.
1. Which of the following branches offers service on Sundays?
A. Van Cortlandt Library. B. Bronx Library Center.
C. Kingsbridge Library. D. Riverdale Library.
2. What is special about Kingsbridge Library?
A. It has space for teens.
B. It enjoys three bus lines nearby.
C. It’s known for NYPL’s first green library.
D. It offers a multipurpose entertainment room.
3. What is a must for patrons in these branches?
A. Carrying their own lunch. B. Booking seats at NYPL. org.
C. Applying for library cards. D. Putting on their masks.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是纽约公共图书馆的四个分馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Bronx Library Center部分的“Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.(营业时间为星期一至星期六，上午9点至晚上9点，星期日中午至下午6点。)”可知，在星期日提供服务的是Bronx Library Center，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Kingsbridge Library部分的“It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area.(它包括一个户外花园，一个多功能社区房间和一个青少年区。)”可知，Kingsbridge Library有青少年的空间。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building(所有这些图书馆的用户都被要求在大楼内戴口罩)”可知，这些分馆的用户必须戴上口罩，故选D。
B
In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.
In one corner of Peter Handy’s backyard is a controlled environment unit that houses vertical pastures (垂直牧场), the first of its kind in the southern hemisphere (半球). Mr. Handy is changing the definition of what it means to be a farmer. “I know it’s really funny, because when people say to me, ‘Where’s your farm?’, I’ll say ‘it’s in Battery Point’ and they’re like, ‘No, there’s no farms in Battery Point’,” he said “People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.”
Not just a backyard project, Mr. Handy is running a business. “It’s here because I need to be as close to my customers, the chefs and restaurants of Hobart,” he said. “I aim to use the least amount of food miles as possible and make this a super-efficient business.”
Using LED lights and hydroponic nutrients, the farm grows leafy greens, root vegetables and flowering plants. “I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over,” Mr .Handy said. Using 95 percent less water than traditional farming, the farm ticks the box environmentally. “I mean, this is definitely not the answer to food sustainability in the world. But it’s definitely a part of it.”
Science writer Julian Cribb believes a world food crisis is coming, due to a combination of loss of water, loss of topsoil, climate change and overuse of poisons. “We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time,” he said, “and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves.”
Mr. Cribb said Australia was still quite a way off from adopting urban farming. But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.
4. What might people think of Mr. Handy’s farm?
A. Scared. B. Impressed.
C. Disappointed. D. Confused.
5. What does Mr. Handy say about his farm?
A. It is not affected by weather.
B. It mainly plants and sells flowers.
C. It serves customers from near and far.
D. It is the solution to food sustainability.
6. What’s the purpose of Mr. Gribb’s words in paragraph 5?
A. To praise his contribution to science.
B. To explain how urban farming works.
C. To stress the necessity of urban farming.
D. To present the seriousness of the food crisis.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Cities are struggling to get food.
B. Technology is changing people’s life.
C. Peter Handy is a successful businessman.
D. Food production is being moved into cities.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“No, there’s no farms in Battery Point(不，Battery Point没有农场)”和“People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.(人们认为火星人已经着陆了，因为我们从底部发出了巨大的粉色光，但除此之外，他们什么都不知道。)”可知，人们对Mr. Handy的农场感到困惑，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over(我不用担心洪水，风，野生动物，电栅栏，翻土)”可知，Mr. Handy说自己的农场不会受到天气的影响，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time(我们需要改变我们生产食物的方式，同时改变人类的饮食习惯)”和“and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves(而新的城市农业方法将使世界上大多数大城市都能自给自足)”可知，第五段Mr. Gribb的话的目的是强调城市农业的必要性。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.(Hobart的Battery Point是一条自19世纪建成以来基本没有改变过的街道，你可能最想不到会在这里发现农场。)”和最后一段的“But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.(但他认为，这为澳大利亚农民提供了一个相当独特的机会，可以向城市出售他们的专业知识，教人们在城市环境中种植粮食。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性，即“Food production is being moved into cities (粮食生产正在转移到城市)”。故选D。
C
If there was one good thing to come out of lockdowns, it was improved book sales and rates of reading, especially among children. A survey of 70, 000 children and young people by the National Literacy Trust, however, has found this gain is now gone: figures are now equal to just before the pandemic, when the trust recorded the lowest levels of reading enjoyment since it first asked the question 17 years ago. A concurrent study of 8, 000 five to eight-year-olds found that nearly one in five did not have a book at home.
These questions are not about basic literacy but about the habit of reading. The children surveyed spoke of books giving them subjects to talk about; of entertainment and information; of reading helping them to understand people unlike themselves; of finding in books a place of escape and a reduction of loneliness; of aid in coping with difficulty. “It helps me in learning about what I am feeling. That is because I have a hard time expressing my emotions and would rather not bother anyone,” as one child put it.
Children who read at home are six times more likely to be able to read above expected levels, while one study of 160, 000 adults from 31 countries found children whose homes held at least 80 books, but whose schooling ended at 13or 14, were “as literate and technologically quick in adulthood as university graduates.” Another found these children also went on to earn more.
It is not that most parents don’t understand this. A reason often cited for the lack of books at home is the cost of living. Almost a fifth of Britain’s public libraries have closed in 10 years, while one in eight primary schools in England, rising to one in four in disadvantaged communities, do not have a library or given reading space. Furthermore, the Department for Education, with its insistence on systematic synthetic phonics (自然拼读法), would keep an eye on the number of children who told the National Literacy Trust that teaching in primary schools had put them off reading. Compared with other problems this country faces, providing varied reading material is relatively straightforward to fix. We owe it to children to do so.
8. What does “this gain is now gone” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. More children take to reading.
B. Sales of books have shrank.
C. Rates of reading remain stable.
D. Reading materials are available.
9. Which of the following do students disapprove of?
A. Reading broadens children’s horizons.
B. Reading offers children spiritual shelters.
C. Reading improves children’s basic literacy.
D. Reading helps children deal with emotions.
10. Children reading more often at home are found ___.
A. to be pushed by expected levels of reading
B. to end schooling earlier than average readers
C. to be willing to learn more when they grow up
D. to possess greater reading and technological abilities
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Local communities do not have public libraries or appointed reading spaces.
B. Immediate action should be taken to offer children more varied reading material.
C. Primary schools have so far done a great job in encouraging children to read more.
D. Disadvantaged families attach little importance to reading for lack of books at home.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。疫情封锁的一个好处是，提高儿童的阅读率，然而，国家扫盲信托基金会对7万名儿童和青少年进行的一项调查发现，儿童阅读率已经下降，恢复到疫情以前的水平了。文章分析了其原因及提出解决办法。
【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段划线前文“If there was one good thing to come out of lockdowns, it was improved book sales and rates of reading, especially among children. (如果说封锁有什么好处的话，那就是提高图书销量和阅读率，尤其是儿童的阅读率。)”和划线部分所在句子“A survey of 70, 000 children and young people by the National Literacy Trust, however, has found this gain is now gone: figures are now equal to just before the pandemic, when the trust recorded the lowest levels of reading enjoyment since it first asked the question 17 years ago. (然而，国家扫盲信托基金会对7万名儿童和青少年进行的一项调查发现，这一成就现在已经消失了: 数字现在与疫情之前相当，当时该信托基金会记录的阅读享受水平是自17年前首次提出这个问题以来的最低水平)”的内容可知，疫情期间，书的销售量和阅读上升，然而，疫情后，一项调查数据显示，这个趋势又下降到疫情之前，所以“this gain is now gone(这一成就现在已经消失了)”代指提到的书的销售量已经下降了这一事实。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段学生的评价“The children surveyed spoke of books giving them subjects to talk about; of entertainment and information; of reading helping them to understand people unlike themselves; of finding in books a place of escape and a reduction of loneliness; of aid in coping with difficulty. “It helps me in learning about what I am feeling.(接受调查的儿童谈到书籍给他们提供话题；谈到书籍给他们提供娱乐和信息；谈到阅读帮助他们了解与自己不同的人；谈到在书中找到一个逃避和减少孤独的地方；谈到书籍帮助他们应对困难。“这有助于我了解自己的感受。)”可知，A项“阅读拓宽孩子的视野。”、B项“阅读为孩子们提供了精神庇护所。”、D项“阅读帮助孩子处理情绪。”正确，C项“阅读能提高孩子的基本识字能力。”没有提到，所以学生不赞成的是C项内容。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Children who read at home are six times more likely to be able to read above expected levels, while one study of 160, 000 adults from 31 countries found children whose homes held at least 80 books, but whose schooling ended at 13or 14, were “as literate and technologically quick in adulthood as university graduates.”(在家阅读的儿童，其阅读能力超过预期水平的可能性是普通儿童的6倍。一项对来自31个国家的16万名成年人的研究发现，那些家里至少有80本书，但在13岁或14岁就结束学业的儿童，“在成年后，他们的文化水平和技术水平与大学毕业生一样快。”)” 可知，那些读书多的孩子在成年后，在读写和技术方面能力强。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Compared with other problems this country faces, providing varied reading material is relatively straightforward to fix. We owe it to children to do so.(与国家面临的其他问题相比，提供多样化的阅读材料相对容易解决。我们应该让孩子们这样做。)”可推知，应立即采取行动，为儿童提供更多样化的阅读材料。故选B。
D
In English it’s common to say, “I know this town like the back of my hand!” While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.
Matthew Longo and his team from University College London studied the left hands of 100 people. With their hands placed palms down under a board, Longo’s team gave the instruction to point to their knuckles (指关节) and fingertips with a marker. How did they do? Not that well.
“People think their hand is wider than it actually is,” said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。
“It is connected to our sense of position,” explained Longo. Humans know where different parts of our bodies are, even if we can’t see them. “It tells us whether a joint is straight or not,” said Longo. “We also need to know the distances between our joints,“ he went on. Our brains know the sizes and shapes of our bodies from the maps they make for themselves. “This experiment tried to find those maps,” he said.
Maybe maps don’t need to be perfect. But why aren’t our brains more accurate? Longo said our brains “see” areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. If you’ve ever had something stuck in your teeth it probably felt huge! That’s because our tongues also have lots of nerves.
If you want to have some fun, try this test with your classmates. Get some boards and some markers and have them mark the spots where they think their knuckles and fingertips are. Compare their hands to the marker spots and see how well they have performed.
12. What can we learn from the experiment?
A. People are always more accurate to judge the width of their palms.
B. The experiment is to measure with and length of hands accurately.
C. People’ s perception of hands is not something they take for granted.
D. The experiment explores the difference between left and right hands.
13. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The size of the hand. B. The misbelief people had.
C. The map the brain makes. D. The position of each body part.
14. According to the passage, what’s the key factor in affecting our perception of hands?
A. The shapes of our bodies. B. Maps of organs.
C. The distances between joints. D. The brain.
15. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To give us a further insight into the brain.
B. To convince us that seeing is not believing.
C. To conduct a wider research about our hands.
D. To introduce an easy but interesting experiment.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人们并不像自己以为的那样了解自己手的尺寸，因为大脑“看”身体的区域是基于触觉，所以大脑会扭曲人们对自己身体的认知。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”可知人们对手的了解并不像我们以为的那样，故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“‘People think their hand is wider than it actually is,’ said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。(Longo说:“人们认为自己的手比实际要宽。他还说，大家似乎还认为自己的手指比实际长度短。人们在找大拇指时最准确，但越指向小拇指，准确率就越低。)”可知此段介绍了人们对手尺寸的误解；第四段第一句“‘It is connected to our sense of position,’ explained Longo. (‘这与我们的方位感有关。’Longo解释道。)”中的It指代第三段所阐述的人们所以为的内容，即对于手尺寸产生的误解。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Longo said our brains ‘see’ areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. ( Longo说大脑‘看到’的区域是基于触觉，身体某个特定部位的触觉越强，这个部位看起来就越大。我们的嘴唇就是一个例子。因为它们比我们的鼻子有更多的神经，所以我们的大脑地图显示我们的嘴唇更大。同样的事情也会发生在有很多神经的身体部位。)”可知大脑通过触觉“看”到区域，也就是神经，特定部位上的神经越强，身体部位看起来就越大，所以影响我们对手的概念的关键因素是神经，也就是我们的大脑。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“In English it’s common to say, ‘I know this town like the back of my hand!’ While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(在英语中，我们常说：‘我对这个城镇了如指掌！’虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”从人们对手的了解出发，介绍了人们对手的尺寸的误解与大脑通过触觉感知身体的不同部位有关，大脑会扭曲我们对身体的认知。所以这篇文章的目的是更深层次地介绍了我们的大脑，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Teaching Kids Pet Care
Growing up with a family pet can be a wonderful experience for children. ___16___ It teaches responsibility reduce the risk of allergies and encourage exercise according to the recent research. But how to manage children and pets properly, Veterinarian Dr Warren shares her top tips.
Make some basic ground rules before bringing home a new pet. ___17___Besides, ask your children to answer some basic questions about what will be involved in looking after the pet.
Always supervise young children and pets, and if you can’t supervise then be sure to separate them. Never leave a young child unsupervised with any pet, even when it’s your own well-loved and trusted dog. ___18___
___19___ Children should not be allowed to pick up their pet unless under supervision. When patting or playing with pets, be sure children are always sitting on the floor, not wandering around holding the pet. Letting go of a pet rather than forcing them to do something reluctantly is a must.
Teach kids how to help everyday pet care. Younger children can help fill the water bowl. ___20___This is a great way to teach lessons in basic pet hygiene by reminding them to wash their hands after handling their pet.
Encourage trips to the vet, where children will learn more about animal health and the responsibility of caring for a pet. More interestingly, enroll a new puppy into puppy classes can help pets learn good manners.
A. Warn kids that pets are not toys.
B. Teach kids to make friends with pets.
C. While older ones can take care of feeding or changing the litter tray.
D. And also pet care can be beneficial for childhood development and health.
E. The experience will have a life-long influence on children’s mental health.
F. Meanwhile, read some age-appropriate books about the type of pet you are getting.
G. Dog bites to children are mostly caused by their own dog or the dog of a friend or neighbor.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些关于儿童护理宠物的注意事项。
【16题详解】
后一句“It teaches responsibility, reduce the risk of allergies and encourage exercise according to the recent research.”（根据最近的研究，它教授责任心，减少过敏的风险，并鼓励锻炼。）讲述了宠物护理对儿童带来一些益处。所以空处应说明宠物护理对孩子是有好处的。选项D.“而且宠物护理也有利于儿童的发展和健康。”符合题意，切题，故选D。
【17题详解】
上一句“Make some basic ground rules before bringing home a new pet. ”（在带一只新宠物回家之前，制定一些基本的规则。）讲述了带宠物回家前要制定一些规则。下一句“Besides, ask your children to answer some basic questions about what will be involved in looking after the pet. ”（此外，让你的孩子回答一些关于照顾宠物的基本问题。）讲述了制定规则之外，要问孩子一些关于照顾宠物的基本问题。因而空处应承接上文，讲述制定规则的同时还要做一些什么了解宠物。选项F.“与此同时，阅读一些适合你年龄的书籍，了解你将要得到的宠物的类型。”是宠物到家之前的注意事项。切题，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Never leave a young child unsupervised with any pet, even when it’s your own well-loved and trusted dog. ”（永远不要让一个小孩子在没有人监管的情况下和任何宠物呆在一起，即使是你自己深爱和信任的狗。）可知孩子必须在大人监管下才能跟宠物接触。所以空处承接前文，讲述在没有大人监管下，孩子和宠物接触可能会发生的意外。选项G.“狗咬伤儿童大多是由于自己的狗或朋友或邻居的狗。”切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
从下文“Children should not be allowed to pick up their pet unless under supervision. When patting or playing with pets, be sure children are always sitting on the floor, not wandering around holding the pet. Letting go of a pet rather than forcing them to do something reluctantly is a must.”（除非有人监督，否则不应允许儿童抱起他们的宠物。当拍打或与宠物玩耍时，确保孩子们总是坐在地板上，而不是抱着宠物四处游荡。放开宠物而不是强迫它们做一些不情愿的事情是必须的。）可知孩子不能把宠物当玩具。空处应总结段落，讲述不要让孩子把宠物当玩具玩。选项A.“警告孩子宠物不是玩具。”切题，故选A。
【20题详解】
结合上文“Younger children can help fill the water bowl.”（小一点的孩子可以帮忙装水。）可知空处应承接前文，讲述对于大一点的孩子而言，可以帮忙做什么。选项C.“而年长的可以照顾喂养或更换垃圾托盘。”切题，故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Praise for Pioneers in Science
In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying. “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902, is ____21____ and will be for 1.500 years.”
The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very ____22____.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances____23____ rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a(n)____24____ , radioactivity.
However, the ____25____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her ____26____ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection. Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science ____27____. It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar ____28____ that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy protective ____29____ during X-rays.
It is almost _____30_____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n)_____31_____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known. For example, the space suits astronauts wear _____32_____ them against radiation. However, only _____33_____ will tell if there are some other unknown dangers.
The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are_____34_____ and deserving of our respect. Because the pioneers not only _____35_____ new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown surroundings.
21. A. extraordinary B. radioactive C. protective D. creative
22. A. tragic B. inspirational C. romantic D. meaningful
23. A. blocked B. absorbed C. reflected D. emitted
24. A. privilege B. name C. notice D. identity
25. A. scientific B. novel C. sensitive D. harmful
26. A. contemporary B. conservative C. curious D. cautious
27. A. deliver B. relieve C. undertake D. generate
28. A. rewards B. warnings C. diseases D. titles
29 A. glasses B. gloves C. shoes D. covers
30. A. odd B. inevitable C. critical D. intimidating
31. A. focus B. evolution C. demand D. breakthrough
32. A. protect B. fight C. warn D. forbid
33. A. space B. time C. technology D. history
34. A. unmatched B. uplifting C. glorious D. concrete
35. A. extend B. proceed C. mount D. explore
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽·居里夫人及其他科学先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她1899年至1902年的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性，将持续1500年。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. radioactive放射性的；C. protective保护性的；D. creative有创意的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家的故事是非常悲惨的。A. tragic悲惨的；B. inspirational鼓舞人心的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，安托万·亨利·贝克勒尔发现，一些天然物质也会发出射线。A. blocked阻塞；B. absorbed吸收；C. reflected反映；D. emitted发出。根据空后“rays”可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，玛丽和她的物理学家丈夫皮埃尔·居里给它起了个名字——放射性。A. privilege特权；B. name名字；C. notice注意；D. identity身份。根据空后“radioactivity”可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，放射性的有害影响直到几十年后才被发现。A. scientific科学的；B. novel新奇的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. harmful有害的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，玛丽和她同时代的科学家在处理放射性物质时几乎没有防护措施。A. contemporary同时代的；B. conservative保守的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的死提醒人们科学先驱所承担的风险。A. deliver交付；B. relieve缓解；C. undertake承担；D. generate生成。根据上文“the risks pioneers in science”可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有在接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似疾病后，医学专家才要求人们采取防护措施。A. rewards奖励；B. warnings警告；C. diseases疾病；D. titles标题。根据空前“get similar”及空后“that medical experts asked people to use protection.”可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人的疾病。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。A. glasses眼镜；B. gloves手套；C. shoes鞋子；D. covers防护罩。根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎不可避免的是，那些探索科学新领域的人将自己暴露在未知的危险中。A. odd奇怪的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. critical关键的；D. intimidating令人生畏的。根据下文“There is a(n)____11____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.”及常识可知，探索新领域时，将自己暴露在未知的危险中是几乎不可避免的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护，但在完全了解危险之前，这是不可能的。A. focus焦点；B. evolution进化；C. demand要求；D. breakthrough突破。根据空后“for better protection for the pioneers”可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，宇航员穿的宇航服可以保护他们免受辐射。A. protect保护；B. fight战斗；C. warn警告；D. forbid禁止。根据空后“against radiation”可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。A. space太空；B. time时间；C. technology技术；D. history历史。根据上文“However, the ____5____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的，值得我们尊敬。A. unmatched无与伦比的；B. uplifting人振奋的；C. glorious光荣的；D. concrete具体的。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为先驱者不仅探索了新的领域，而且还帮助我们更好地保护自己不受未知环境的影响。A. extend扩展；B. proceed进行；C. mount开展；D. explore探索。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后“new frontiers”可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面知文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the specific definition of a zero energy building is an energy-efficient building ____36____, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal ____37____ the on-site renewable exported energy. It harvests solar energy using panels installed on the roof. When there is ____38____(sufficient) solar energy, the building will draw energy from the power grid. Over the course of the year, ____39____amount of energy taken from the grid will be zero, achieving net-zero energy consumption.
Net-Zero Energy (NZE) buildings are a response to rapidly ____40____ (rise) energy prices and urgency to take action regarding climate change. Currently, the development of several technologies critical to the support of NZE buildings ____41____(advance) rapidly, namely PV panel efficiency, appliance efficiency and increased lighting efficiency. The NZE concept can be applied not only to individual buildings but also to groups of buildings ____42____(serve) by a renewable energy system.
One ____43____(limit) of the NZE concept is that, at present energy consumption levels, it is very difficult to apply to single story buildings and virtually impossible to a multi-story building, unless wide site area is available for PV systems.
____44____there are difficulties in implementation, it appears that NZE marks a major shift in high-performance green buildings, which combines extreme energy conservation and efficiency with renewable energy systems _____45_____(produce) buildings that are energy self-sufficient.
【答案】36. where
37. to 38. insufficient
39. the 40. Rising
41. is advancing
42. served 43. limitation
44. Though##Although##While
45. to produce
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零能耗建筑的定义以及其支撑技术和存在意义。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。本句为定语从句，先行词为an energy-efficient building，关系词在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。短语be equal to，意为“与……相等”。故填to。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当太阳能不足时，建筑将从电网中获取能量。修饰名词solar energy，用形容词作定语。根据下文的“the building will draw energy from the power grid”可知，只有太阳能不足的时候，才需要从电网中获取能量。故填insufficient。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这一年中，从电网获取的能量将为零，实现能源净零消耗。特指从电网获取的能量，用定冠词the，the amount of，意为“……的数量”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：NZE建筑是对快速上涨的能源价格和对气候变化采取行动的紧迫性的回应。根据空后的“energy prices”可知，空处为形容词作定语，表示“上涨的”。故填rising。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：目前，对支撑NZE建筑至关重要的几项技术正在迅速发展，即光伏板效率、电器效率和提高照明效率。本句缺少谓语动词，根据上下文以及状语“currently”可判断时态为现在进行时；主语为the development，谓语动词用单数。故填is advancing。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：NZE的概念不仅适用于单个建筑，也适用于由可再生能源系统服务的建筑群。分析句子成分可知，这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“groups of buildings”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填served。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：NZE概念的一个局限性是，在目前的能源消耗水平下，它很难应用于单层建筑，几乎不可能应用于多层建筑，除非有广阔的场地面积可用于光伏系统。分析句子成分和One可知，空处为单数名词形式，在句中作主语。故填limitation。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词，引导让步状语从句，可用连词though/although/while为表示“虽然、尽管”的意思，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。句中担当目的状语，用不定式形式。故填to produce。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示，写出下列各句中的单词。
46. I’ve found a job that s______ me down to the ground.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】suits##uits
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、时态和主谓一致。句意：我找到了一份非常适合我的工作。根据句意和所给首字母s可知，空格处应该用动词suit，suit sb. down to the ground (完全合适与某人、完全令某人满意)，该空为定语从句谓语，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，作主语的关系代词that指代先行词a job，从句主语单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填suits。
47. She is a s______ person and she communicates in a very honest and open way. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sincere##incere
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个真诚的人，她以一种非常诚实和开放的方式交流。由“she communicates in a very honest and open way”可知，句子表示“她是一个真诚的人，她以一种非常诚实和开放的方式交流”，空格处意为“真诚的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词person，由首字母提示s可知，是sincere，故填sincere。
48. He gains a high level of c______ in English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】competence##ompetence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的英语水平很高。由“a high level of”和“in English”可知，句子表示“他的英语水平很高”，空格处意为“能力”，由首字母提示c可知，是competence，是不可数名词，故填competence。
49. It’s going to rain all day according to the weather f______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】forecast
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据天气预报，今天一整天都会下雨。由“It’s going to rain all day”可知，句子表示“根据天气预报，今天一整天都会下雨”，空格处意为“预报”，由首字母提示f可知，是forecast，weather forecast是固定用法，意为“天气预报”。故填forecast。
50. As a way of national culture protection, cuju was listed into the first batch of China’s intangible cultural h______ in 2006. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】heritages##eritages
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为国家文化保护的一种方式，2006年，蹴鞠被列入第一批中国非物质文化遗产名录。由“cuju was listed into the first batch of China’s intangible cultural”可知，句子表示“2006年，蹴鞠被列入第一批中国非物质文化遗产名录”，空格处意为“遗产”，由首字母提示h可知，是heritage，由“the first batch of”可知，空格处用复数，故填heritages。
51. I’ll _________ (谈判)directly with them about the issue. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】negotiate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我将直接和他们协商这个问题。will后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填negotiate。
52. She’s extremely well___________(胜任的) for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】qualified
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她完全能胜任这项工作。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词qualified，作表语。故填qualified。
53. Long-term ______(前景) for the economy have improved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】prospects
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经济的长期前景有所改善。“前景”是prospect，由空后的have可知，空格处用复数，故填prospects。
54. The incident brought the problem of ______ (暴力) in schools into sharp focus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】violence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这一事件使校园暴力问题成为人们关注的焦点。介词后用名词作宾语，根据句意和汉语提示应填violence“暴力”，不可数名词，故填violence。
55. Though ________ (远古的)and simple in form, this stone carving has very high artistic value. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】primitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这块石雕虽然形式原始简单，但具有很高的艺术价值。“远古的”是形容词primitive，此处是形容词作状语，故填primitive。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是育才中学高二学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展“中国武术（martial art）进校园”活动，届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加，现正在招募志愿服务人员。请你用英语给负责人Mr. Brown写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 申请的理由；
2. 个人优势；
3. 希望批准。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mr. Brown:
I’m excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for “Chinese Martial Art Into Campus”. I’m writing to apply for this position. The position can provide me with a good chance to spread lively and elegant Chinese martial arts.
I think I’m equal to the job. To begin with, with a great command of English, I can communicate with foreign friends fluently. Besides, I have a wide knowledge of Chinese martial arts. What’s more, I have gained outstanding organizational and interpersonal skills from previous voluntary work.
I am looking forward to your reply. I would be grateful if I could get admitted.
Yours sincerely,
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给负责人Mr. Brown写一封申请信，申请成为学校下周准备开展的“中国武术（martial art）进校园”活动的志愿服务人员。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
胜任：be equal to→be competent for
精通：command→mastery
杰出的：outstanding→excellent
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To begin with, with a great command of English, I can communicate with foreign friends fluently.
拓展句：To begin with, it is with a great command of English that I can communicate with foreign friends fluently.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for “Chinese Martial Art Into Campus”. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I would be grateful if I could get admitted. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分20分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。
Chris looked at the clock again. Only five more minutes before school let out.
Just now,his Creative Learning teacher, Mrs. Griswell asked them to be prepared to share their favorite hobby with the class on Friday.And they were supposed to bring samples for show.
Chris sighed. No way am I going to talk about my favorite hobby, he thought.His older brother, Wes,laughed at him about it enough-and his dad didn't think much of it,either.
On the bus,Chris heard others talking about the “hobby thing".Brian said he was going to bring his bowling trophies(保龄球奖杯）。Chris turned back around in his seat so he wouldn't have to talk to him anymore.
＂Don't believe him,"Nick whispered."He's the worst bowler I've ever seen.He borrows the trophies from his dad,I guess.He's really fake."
At home,Chris puled out his bores of baseball cards.He liked baseball,even played some. But his really hobby let him express things from his imagination, and that’s what he liked most.Sorting through his cards, Chris began choosing some of the best ones.Yet he did not feel right about what he had decided.
Tuesday passed. Chris gathered his baseball supplies and put them in a grocery bag marked “My Favorite Hobby".He was ready for Friday,but some:thing still felt wrong.He walked out of his room, ignoring the sketchpad(草图本）on his desk.
Wednesday. After school Chris sat at the kitchen table with a sandwich,but he wasn't hungry.He didn't want to be fake like Brian, but he wasn't sure he had the courage to tell everyone his real hobby.
What would the guys think of him?
He chewed his sandwich slowly, thinking of Grandma.She was the reason he'd gotten interested in his hobby in the first place.“You have talent,” Grandma had told him proudly, admiring his work.And that felt really good.
Suddenly,Chris knew what he had to do.He dropped his sandwich on the plate and rushed to the phone.“Hi,Grandma, it's Chris.I need your help.”
【注意】
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
“Are you ready, Chris?" Mrs. Griswell asked and everyone in the class turned to look at him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When Chris pulled out a head-band(颜带）he designed,the class became quiet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
"Are you ready, Chris?" Mrs. Griswell asked and everyone in the class turned to look at him.
Chris walked to the front of the classroom, clutching his grocery bag. His heart was pounding, and his legs felt shaky. "Go ahead," Mrs. Griswell said, smiling. Chris nodded. So he began. "I design things. I mean. I design clothes and accessories. There they were-the giggles and the sneers. "I'm a fashion designer." He brought out his sketchbook and flipped through pages showing his designs for jackets and caps, pants and shirts. There were still a few snickers.
Para 2:
When Chris pulled out a head-band(额带) he designed, the class became quiet. He designed black and blue pattern in the band and attached a small stone in the place of forehead. For girls, it was pink and purple with a small seashell. He heard someone say, "Cool!" . Few of the classmates nodded enthusiastically. "My grandma designs clothes, too. he explained feeling burst of hope. "She helped and we made headbands for everyone!" The whole class buzzed with excitement Chris grinned. Now things finally felt right!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了克里斯的创意学习老师格里斯威尔夫人要求他们准备好在周五和全班同学分享他们最喜欢的爱好。为此克里斯有点犯难，他不敢说出自己真正的爱好，但最终他想通了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““你准备好了吗，克里斯?”格里斯韦尔夫人问道，全班都转过头来看着他。”可知，第一段可描写克里斯展示自己真正的爱好。
②由第二段首句内容“当克里斯拿出自己设计的头带时，全班安静了下来。”可知，第二段可描写克里斯给大家介绍他给大家设计的发带。
2.续写线索：老师要求分享爱好——克里斯犯难——不敢分享自己真正的爱好——想通——大胆分享自己的爱好
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.走路：walked / went on foot
②.开始：began /started
③.帮助：helped/ assisted
情绪类
①.兴奋/高兴：excitement / delight
②.热情地：enthusiastically / passionately
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Chris walked to the front of the classroom, clutching his grocery bag.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. She helped and we made headbands for everyone! （由并列连词连接的并列句）
2022～2023学年第二学期期末考前演练试卷(四)
高二英语
(满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What would the man probably prefer to drink?
A. Water. B. Coke. C. Coffee.
2. How does the woman learn best?
A Through pictures. B. Through writing. C. Through listening.
3. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Co-workers.
4. How does the man probably feel about the restaurant?
A. The food is of bad quality.
B. It doesn’t have good service.
C. Its location is too far from his house.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. When the man will move house.
B. What kind of flat Cathy wants.
C. Why the man moved house.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man stay during his trip?
A. At his grandparents’ house.
B. In a hotel.
C. At his friend’s house.
7. What was probably the woman’s favorite place in Beijing?
A. A natural lake. B. A mountain area. C. An urban center.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. Why does the woman want to buy the jacket?
A. To give it as a gift.
B. To replace an old jacket.
C. To wear at an event for her work.
9. What is probably the current location of the speakers?
A. A market. B. A shopping mall. C. A department store.
10.How much will the woman probably pay?
A. $ 10. B. $ 90. C. $ 100.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why did the woman’s computer probably break?
A. It got wet. B. It was too old. C. It suffered high heat.
12. What is the woman’s main concern?
A. Recovering her files.
B. Fixing her computer quickly.
C. Getting a new computer cheaply.
13. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Fix her computer.
B. Recycle her computer.
C. Recommend a different computer repair shop.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What’s the girl’s nationality?
A. English B. American C. French.
15. What do the girl’s parents want her to study?
A. Acting. B. Business C. Medicine
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates
B. Professor and student
C. Dorm keeper and student.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many countries in Africa speak Portuguese?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Five
18 What fact about Portugal is the speaker probably most proud of?
A. It has its own national type of music.
B. It has the oldest bookstore in the world.
C. It is the oldest country in Europe
19.What is the speaker’s favorite area of Portugal to visit?
A. The beaches B. The major cities. C. The northern forest area.
20.When will the speaker probably return home?
A. After finishing university.
B. After a few years of work.
C. After his retirement.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Exploring Libraries
There are three branches of the New York Public Library in the Riverdale / Kings-bridge area as well as a Bronx—wide branch. Each has thousands of books for lending, as well as weekly readings and concerts. Call branches for library hours.
●Bronx Library Center
310 E. Kingsbridge Road
(718) 5794244
The largest public library in the Bronx—this 8,000-square-foot center is NYPL’s first green library and features the system’s premier Latino and Puerto Rican Heritage Collection. Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.
●Riverdale Library
5540 Mosholo Ave.
(718) 5491212
Across the street from Riverdale Neighborhood House, this branch has cathedral ceilings and is surrounded by trees and grass. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 6 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Kingsbridge Library
291 W. 231st St., at Corlear Avenue
(718) 548—5656
The Kingsbridge Library is the largest local library. It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Van Cortlandt Library
3882 Cannon Place
(718) 543—5150
Located right along the B×1, B×2 and B×10 bus lines, this library is near the Jerome Park Reservoir and Van Cortlandt Park. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building, says branch manager Rebecca Brown—Barbier. And for more information, please contact NYPL. org.
1. Which of the following branches offers service on Sundays?
A. Van Cortlandt Library. B. Bronx Library Center.
C. Kingsbridge Library. D. Riverdale Library.
2. What is special about Kingsbridge Library?
A. It has space for teens.
B. It enjoys three bus lines nearby.
C. It’s known for NYPL’s first green library.
D. It offers a multipurpose entertainment room.
3. What is a must for patrons in these branches?
A. Carrying their own lunch. B. Booking seats at NYPL. org.
C. Applying for library cards. D. Putting on their masks.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是纽约公共图书馆的四个分馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Bronx Library Center部分的“Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.(营业时间为星期一至星期六，上午9点至晚上9点，星期日中午至下午6点。)”可知，在星期日提供服务的是Bronx Library Center，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Kingsbridge Library部分的“It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area.(它包括一个户外花园，一个多功能社区房间和一个青少年区。)”可知，Kingsbridge Library有青少年的空间。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building(所有这些图书馆的用户都被要求在大楼内戴口罩)”可知，这些分馆的用户必须戴上口罩，故选D。
B
In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.
In one corner of Peter Handy’s backyard is a controlled environment unit that houses vertical pastures (垂直牧场), the first of its kind in the southern hemisphere (半球). Mr. Handy is changing the definition of what it means to be a farmer. “I know it’s really funny, because when people say to me, ‘Where’s your farm?’, I’ll say ‘it’s in Battery Point’ and they’re like, ‘No, there’s no farms in Battery Point’,” he said “People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.”
Not just a backyard project, Mr. Handy is running a business. “It’s here because I need to be as close to my customers, the chefs and restaurants of Hobart,” he said. “I aim to use the least amount of food miles as possible and make this a super-efficient business.”
Using LED lights and hydroponic nutrients, the farm grows leafy greens, root vegetables and flowering plants. “I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over,” Mr .Handy said. Using 95 percent less water than traditional farming, the farm ticks the box environmentally. “I mean, this is definitely not the answer to food sustainability in the world. But it’s definitely a part of it.”
Science writer Julian Cribb believes a world food crisis is coming, due to a combination of loss of water, loss of topsoil, climate change and overuse of poisons. “We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time,” he said, “and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves.”
Mr. Cribb said Australia was still quite a way off from adopting urban farming. But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.
4. What might people think of Mr. Handy’s farm?
A. Scared. B. Impressed.
C. Disappointed. D. Confused.
5. What does Mr. Handy say about his farm?
A. It is not affected by weather.
B. It mainly plants and sells flowers.
C. It serves customers from near and far.
D. It is the solution to food sustainability.
6. What’s the purpose of Mr. Gribb’s words in paragraph 5?
A. To praise his contribution to science.
B. To explain how urban farming works.
C. To stress the necessity of urban farming.
D. To present the seriousness of the food crisis.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Cities are struggling to get food.
B. Technology is changing people’s life.
C. Peter Handy is a successful businessman.
D. Food production is being moved into cities.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“No, there’s no farms in Battery Point(不，Battery Point没有农场)”和“People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.(人们认为火星人已经着陆了，因为我们从底部发出了巨大的粉色光，但除此之外，他们什么都不知道。)”可知，人们对Mr. Handy的农场感到困惑，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over(我不用担心洪水，风，野生动物，电栅栏，翻土)”可知，Mr. Handy说自己的农场不会受到天气的影响，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time(我们需要改变我们生产食物的方式，同时改变人类的饮食习惯)”和“and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves(而新的城市农业方法将使世界上大多数大城市都能自给自足)”可知，第五段Mr. Gribb的话的目的是强调城市农业的必要性。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.(Hobart的Battery Point是一条自19世纪建成以来基本没有改变过的街道，你可能最想不到会在这里发现农场。)”和最后一段的“But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.(但他认为，这为澳大利亚农民提供了一个相当独特的机会，可以向城市出售他们的专业知识，教人们在城市环境中种植粮食。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性，即“Food production is being moved into cities (粮食生产正在转移到城市)”。故选D。
C
If there was one good thing to come out of lockdowns, it was improved book sales and rates of reading, especially among children. A survey of 70, 000 children and young people by the National Literacy Trust, however, has found this gain is now gone: figures are now equal to just before the pandemic, when the trust recorded the lowest levels of reading enjoyment since it first asked the question 17 years ago. A concurrent study of 8, 000 five to eight-year-olds found that nearly one in five did not have a book at home.
These questions are not about basic literacy but about the habit of reading. The children surveyed spoke of books giving them subjects to talk about; of entertainment and information; of reading helping them to understand people unlike themselves; of finding in books a place of escape and a reduction of loneliness; of aid in coping with difficulty. “It helps me in learning about what I am feeling. That is because I have a hard time expressing my emotions and would rather not bother anyone,” as one child put it.
Children who read at home are six times more likely to be able to read above expected levels, while one study of 160, 000 adults from 31 countries found children whose homes held at least 80 books, but whose schooling ended at 13or 14, were “as literate and technologically quick in adulthood as university graduates.” Another found these children also went on to earn more.
It is not that most parents don’t understand this. A reason often cited for the lack of books at home is the cost of living. Almost a fifth of Britain’s public libraries have closed in 10 years, while one in eight primary schools in England, rising to one in four in disadvantaged communities, do not have a library or given reading space. Furthermore, the Department for Education, with its insistence on systematic synthetic phonics (自然拼读法), would keep an eye on the number of children who told the National Literacy Trust that teaching in primary schools had put them off reading. Compared with other problems this country faces, providing varied reading material is relatively straightforward to fix. We owe it to children to do so.
8. What does “this gain is now gone” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. More children take to reading.
B. Sales of books have shrank.
C. Rates of reading remain stable.
D. Reading materials are available.
9. Which of the following do students disapprove of?
A. Reading broadens children’s horizons.
B. Reading offers children spiritual shelters.
C. Reading improves children’s basic literacy.
D. Reading helps children deal with emotions.
10. Children reading more often at home are found ___.
A. to be pushed by expected levels of reading
B. to end schooling earlier than average readers
C. to be willing to learn more when they grow up
D. to possess greater reading and technological abilities
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Local communities do not have public libraries or appointed reading spaces.
B. Immediate action should be taken to offer children more varied reading material.
C. Primary schools have so far done a great job in encouraging children to read more.
D. Disadvantaged families attach little importance to reading for lack of books at home.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。疫情封锁的一个好处是，提高儿童的阅读率，然而，国家扫盲信托基金会对7万名儿童和青少年进行的一项调查发现，儿童阅读率已经下降，恢复到疫情以前的水平了。文章分析了其原因及提出解决办法。
【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段划线前文“If there was one good thing to come out of lockdowns, it was improved book sales and rates of reading, especially among children. (如果说封锁有什么好处的话，那就是提高图书销量和阅读率，尤其是儿童的阅读率。)”和划线部分所在句子“A survey of 70, 000 children and young people by the National Literacy Trust, however, has found this gain is now gone: figures are now equal to just before the pandemic, when the trust recorded the lowest levels of reading enjoyment since it first asked the question 17 years ago. (然而，国家扫盲信托基金会对7万名儿童和青少年进行的一项调查发现，这一成就现在已经消失了: 数字现在与疫情之前相当，当时该信托基金会记录的阅读享受水平是自17年前首次提出这个问题以来的最低水平)”的内容可知，疫情期间，书的销售量和阅读上升，然而，疫情后，一项调查数据显示，这个趋势又下降到疫情之前，所以“this gain is now gone(这一成就现在已经消失了)”代指提到的书的销售量已经下降了这一事实。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段学生的评价“The children surveyed spoke of books giving them subjects to talk about; of entertainment and information; of reading helping them to understand people unlike themselves; of finding in books a place of escape and a reduction of loneliness; of aid in coping with difficulty. “It helps me in learning about what I am feeling.(接受调查的儿童谈到书籍给他们提供话题；谈到书籍给他们提供娱乐和信息；谈到阅读帮助他们了解与自己不同的人；谈到在书中找到一个逃避和减少孤独的地方；谈到书籍帮助他们应对困难。“这有助于我了解自己的感受。)”可知，A项“阅读拓宽孩子的视野。”、B项“阅读为孩子们提供了精神庇护所。”、D项“阅读帮助孩子处理情绪。”正确，C项“阅读能提高孩子的基本识字能力。”没有提到，所以学生不赞成的是C项内容。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Children who read at home are six times more likely to be able to read above expected levels, while one study of 160, 000 adults from 31 countries found children whose homes held at least 80 books, but whose schooling ended at 13or 14, were “as literate and technologically quick in adulthood as university graduates.”(在家阅读的儿童，其阅读能力超过预期水平的可能性是普通儿童的6倍。一项对来自31个国家的16万名成年人的研究发现，那些家里至少有80本书，但在13岁或14岁就结束学业的儿童，“在成年后，他们的文化水平和技术水平与大学毕业生一样快。”)” 可知，那些读书多的孩子在成年后，在读写和技术方面能力强。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Compared with other problems this country faces, providing varied reading material is relatively straightforward to fix. We owe it to children to do so.(与国家面临的其他问题相比，提供多样化的阅读材料相对容易解决。我们应该让孩子们这样做。)”可推知，应立即采取行动，为儿童提供更多样化的阅读材料。故选B。
D
In English it’s common to say, “I know this town like the back of my hand!” While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.
Matthew Longo and his team from University College London studied the left hands of 100 people. With their hands placed palms down under a board, Longo’s team gave the instruction to point to their knuckles (指关节) and fingertips with a marker. How did they do? Not that well.
“People think their hand is wider than it actually is,” said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。
“It is connected to our sense of position,” explained Longo. Humans know where different parts of our bodies are, even if we can’t see them. “It tells us whether a joint is straight or not,” said Longo. “We also need to know the distances between our joints,“ he went on. Our brains know the sizes and shapes of our bodies from the maps they make for themselves. “This experiment tried to find those maps,” he said.
Maybe maps don’t need to be perfect. But why aren’t our brains more accurate? Longo said our brains “see” areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. If you’ve ever had something stuck in your teeth it probably felt huge! That’s because our tongues also have lots of nerves.
If you want to have some fun, try this test with your classmates. Get some boards and some markers and have them mark the spots where they think their knuckles and fingertips are. Compare their hands to the marker spots and see how well they have performed.
12. What can we learn from the experiment?
A. People are always more accurate to judge the width of their palms.
B. The experiment is to measure with and length of hands accurately.
C. People’ s perception of hands is not something they take for granted.
D. The experiment explores the difference between left and right hands.
13. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The size of the hand. B. The misbelief people had.
C. The map the brain makes. D. The position of each body part.
14. According to the passage, what’s the key factor in affecting our perception of hands?
A. The shapes of our bodies. B. Maps of organs.
C. The distances between joints. D. The brain.
15. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To give us a further insight into the brain.
B. To convince us that seeing is not believing.
C. To conduct a wider research about our hands.
D. To introduce an easy but interesting experiment.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人们并不像自己以为的那样了解自己手的尺寸，因为大脑“看”身体的区域是基于触觉，所以大脑会扭曲人们对自己身体的认知。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”可知人们对手的了解并不像我们以为的那样，故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“‘People think their hand is wider than it actually is,’ said Longo. He said they also seemed to think their fingers were shorter than their true lengths. People were most accurate when finding their thumbs, but became less accurate with each finger, up to their pinkies (小手指)。(Longo说:“人们认为自己的手比实际要宽。他还说，大家似乎还认为自己的手指比实际长度短。人们在找大拇指时最准确，但越指向小拇指，准确率就越低。)”可知此段介绍了人们对手尺寸的误解；第四段第一句“‘It is connected to our sense of position,’ explained Longo. (‘这与我们的方位感有关。’Longo解释道。)”中的It指代第三段所阐述的人们所以为的内容，即对于手尺寸产生的误解。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Longo said our brains ‘see’ areas based on our sense of touch, with the stronger the sense of touch in a specific body part, the bigger that body part seems. An example is our lips. As they have more nerves than our noses, our brain’s map shows our lips are bigger. The same thing can happen with body parts that have a lot of nerves. ( Longo说大脑‘看到’的区域是基于触觉，身体某个特定部位的触觉越强，这个部位看起来就越大。我们的嘴唇就是一个例子。因为它们比我们的鼻子有更多的神经，所以我们的大脑地图显示我们的嘴唇更大。同样的事情也会发生在有很多神经的身体部位。)”可知大脑通过触觉“看”到区域，也就是神经，特定部位上的神经越强，身体部位看起来就越大，所以影响我们对手的概念的关键因素是神经，也就是我们的大脑。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段“In English it’s common to say, ‘I know this town like the back of my hand!’ While we may know our towns really well, how well do we actually know our hands? Maybe not quite as well as we think, said a scientific study.(在英语中，我们常说：‘我对这个城镇了如指掌！’虽然我们可能非常了解我们的城镇，但我们到底有多了解我们的手?一项科学研究称，可能没有我们想象的那么好。)”从人们对手的了解出发，介绍了人们对手的尺寸的误解与大脑通过触觉感知身体的不同部位有关，大脑会扭曲我们对身体的认知。所以这篇文章的目的是更深层次地介绍了我们的大脑，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Teaching Kids Pet Care
Growing up with a family pet can be a wonderful experience for children. ___16___ It teaches responsibility reduce the risk of allergies and encourage exercise according to the recent research. But how to manage children and pets properly, Veterinarian Dr Warren shares her top tips.
Make some basic ground rules before bringing home a new pet. ___17___Besides, ask your children to answer some basic questions about what will be involved in looking after the pet.
Always supervise young children and pets, and if you can’t supervise then be sure to separate them. Never leave a young child unsupervised with any pet, even when it’s your own well-loved and trusted dog. ___18___
___19___ Children should not be allowed to pick up their pet unless under supervision. When patting or playing with pets, be sure children are always sitting on the floor, not wandering around holding the pet. Letting go of a pet rather than forcing them to do something reluctantly is a must.
Teach kids how to help everyday pet care. Younger children can help fill the water bowl. ___20___This is a great way to teach lessons in basic pet hygiene by reminding them to wash their hands after handling their pet.
Encourage trips to the vet, where children will learn more about animal health and the responsibility of caring for a pet. More interestingly, enroll a new puppy into puppy classes can help pets learn good manners.
A. Warn kids that pets are not toys.
B. Teach kids to make friends with pets.
C. While older ones can take care of feeding or changing the litter tray.
D. And also pet care can be beneficial for childhood development and health.
E. The experience will have a life-long influence on children’s mental health.
F. Meanwhile, read some age-appropriate books about the type of pet you are getting.
G. Dog bites to children are mostly caused by their own dog or the dog of a friend or neighbor.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些关于儿童护理宠物的注意事项。
【16题详解】
后一句“It teaches responsibility, reduce the risk of allergies and encourage exercise according to the recent research.”（根据最近的研究，它教授责任心，减少过敏的风险，并鼓励锻炼。）讲述了宠物护理对儿童带来一些益处。所以空处应说明宠物护理对孩子是有好处的。选项D.“而且宠物护理也有利于儿童的发展和健康。”符合题意，切题，故选D。
【17题详解】
上一句“Make some basic ground rules before bringing home a new pet. ”（在带一只新宠物回家之前，制定一些基本的规则。）讲述了带宠物回家前要制定一些规则。下一句“Besides, ask your children to answer some basic questions about what will be involved in looking after the pet. ”（此外，让你的孩子回答一些关于照顾宠物的基本问题。）讲述了制定规则之外，要问孩子一些关于照顾宠物的基本问题。因而空处应承接上文，讲述制定规则的同时还要做一些什么了解宠物。选项F.“与此同时，阅读一些适合你年龄的书籍，了解你将要得到的宠物的类型。”是宠物到家之前的注意事项。切题，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Never leave a young child unsupervised with any pet, even when it’s your own well-loved and trusted dog. ”（永远不要让一个小孩子在没有人监管的情况下和任何宠物呆在一起，即使是你自己深爱和信任的狗。）可知孩子必须在大人监管下才能跟宠物接触。所以空处承接前文，讲述在没有大人监管下，孩子和宠物接触可能会发生的意外。选项G.“狗咬伤儿童大多是由于自己的狗或朋友或邻居的狗。”切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
从下文“Children should not be allowed to pick up their pet unless under supervision. When patting or playing with pets, be sure children are always sitting on the floor, not wandering around holding the pet. Letting go of a pet rather than forcing them to do something reluctantly is a must.”（除非有人监督，否则不应允许儿童抱起他们的宠物。当拍打或与宠物玩耍时，确保孩子们总是坐在地板上，而不是抱着宠物四处游荡。放开宠物而不是强迫它们做一些不情愿的事情是必须的。）可知孩子不能把宠物当玩具。空处应总结段落，讲述不要让孩子把宠物当玩具玩。选项A.“警告孩子宠物不是玩具。”切题，故选A。
【20题详解】
结合上文“Younger children can help fill the water bowl.”（小一点的孩子可以帮忙装水。）可知空处应承接前文，讲述对于大一点的孩子而言，可以帮忙做什么。选项C.“而年长的可以照顾喂养或更换垃圾托盘。”切题，故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Praise for Pioneers in Science
In memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday, the official website of the Nobel Prize posted a photograph of her notebook saying. “Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work. Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902, is ____21____ and will be for 1.500 years.”
The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very ____22____.
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895. A year later, Antoine Henri Becquerel found that some natural substances____23____ rays, too. Later, Marie and her physicist husband, Pierre Curie, gave it a(n)____24____ , radioactivity.
However, the ____25____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later. Marie and her ____26____ scientists dealt with radioactive substances for decades using little or no protection. Marie’s death is a reminder about the risks pioneers in science ____27____. It was only after people handling radioactive substances began to get similar ____28____ that medical experts asked people to use protection. Today, medical health workers and patients wear heavy protective ____29____ during X-rays.
It is almost _____30_____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers. There is a(n)_____31_____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known. For example, the space suits astronauts wear _____32_____ them against radiation. However, only _____33_____ will tell if there are some other unknown dangers.
The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are_____34_____ and deserving of our respect. Because the pioneers not only _____35_____ new frontiers, but also help us better protect ourselves from unknown surroundings.
21. A. extraordinary B. radioactive C. protective D. creative
22. A. tragic B. inspirational C. romantic D. meaningful
23. A. blocked B. absorbed C. reflected D. emitted
24. A. privilege B. name C. notice D. identity
25. A. scientific B. novel C. sensitive D. harmful
26. A. contemporary B. conservative C. curious D. cautious
27. A. deliver B. relieve C. undertake D. generate
28. A. rewards B. warnings C. diseases D. titles
29 A. glasses B. gloves C. shoes D. covers
30. A. odd B. inevitable C. critical D. intimidating
31. A. focus B. evolution C. demand D. breakthrough
32. A. protect B. fight C. warn D. forbid
33. A. space B. time C. technology D. history
34. A. unmatched B. uplifting C. glorious D. concrete
35. A. extend B. proceed C. mount D. explore
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽·居里夫人及其他科学先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她1899年至1902年的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性，将持续1500年。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. radioactive放射性的；C. protective保护性的；D. creative有创意的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家的故事是非常悲惨的。A. tragic悲惨的；B. inspirational鼓舞人心的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，安托万·亨利·贝克勒尔发现，一些天然物质也会发出射线。A. blocked阻塞；B. absorbed吸收；C. reflected反映；D. emitted发出。根据空后“rays”可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，玛丽和她的物理学家丈夫皮埃尔·居里给它起了个名字——放射性。A. privilege特权；B. name名字；C. notice注意；D. identity身份。根据空后“radioactivity”可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，放射性的有害影响直到几十年后才被发现。A. scientific科学的；B. novel新奇的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. harmful有害的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia (再生障碍性贫血) on 4 July 1934, a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.”可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，玛丽和她同时代的科学家在处理放射性物质时几乎没有防护措施。A. contemporary同时代的；B. conservative保守的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的死提醒人们科学先驱所承担的风险。A. deliver交付；B. relieve缓解；C. undertake承担；D. generate生成。根据上文“the risks pioneers in science”可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有在接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似疾病后，医学专家才要求人们采取防护措施。A. rewards奖励；B. warnings警告；C. diseases疾病；D. titles标题。根据空前“get similar”及空后“that medical experts asked people to use protection.”可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人的疾病。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。A. glasses眼镜；B. gloves手套；C. shoes鞋子；D. covers防护罩。根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎不可避免的是，那些探索科学新领域的人将自己暴露在未知的危险中。A. odd奇怪的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. critical关键的；D. intimidating令人生畏的。根据下文“There is a(n)____11____ for better protection for the pioneers, but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.”及常识可知，探索新领域时，将自己暴露在未知的危险中是几乎不可避免的。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护，但在完全了解危险之前，这是不可能的。A. focus焦点；B. evolution进化；C. demand要求；D. breakthrough突破。根据空后“for better protection for the pioneers”可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，宇航员穿的宇航服可以保护他们免受辐射。A. protect保护；B. fight战斗；C. warn警告；D. forbid禁止。根据空后“against radiation”可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。A. space太空；B. time时间；C. technology技术；D. history历史。根据上文“However, the ____5____ effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的，值得我们尊敬。A. unmatched无与伦比的；B. uplifting人振奋的；C. glorious光荣的；D. concrete具体的。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为先驱者不仅探索了新的领域，而且还帮助我们更好地保护自己不受未知环境的影响。A. extend扩展；B. proceed进行；C. mount开展；D. explore探索。根据上文“It is almost ____10____ that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后“new frontiers”可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面知文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the specific definition of a zero energy building is an energy-efficient building ____36____, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal ____37____ the on-site renewable exported energy. It harvests solar energy using panels installed on the roof. When there is ____38____(sufficient) solar energy, the building will draw energy from the power grid. Over the course of the year, ____39____amount of energy taken from the grid will be zero, achieving net-zero energy consumption.
Net-Zero Energy (NZE) buildings are a response to rapidly ____40____ (rise) energy prices and urgency to take action regarding climate change. Currently, the development of several technologies critical to the support of NZE buildings ____41____(advance) rapidly, namely PV panel efficiency, appliance efficiency and increased lighting efficiency. The NZE concept can be applied not only to individual buildings but also to groups of buildings ____42____(serve) by a renewable energy system.
One ____43____(limit) of the NZE concept is that, at present energy consumption levels, it is very difficult to apply to single story buildings and virtually impossible to a multi-story building, unless wide site area is available for PV systems.
____44____there are difficulties in implementation, it appears that NZE marks a major shift in high-performance green buildings, which combines extreme energy conservation and efficiency with renewable energy systems _____45_____(produce) buildings that are energy self-sufficient.
【答案】36. where
37. to 38. insufficient
39. the 40. Rising
41. is advancing
42. served 43. limitation
44. Though##Although##While
45. to produce
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零能耗建筑的定义以及其支撑技术和存在意义。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。本句为定语从句，先行词为an energy-efficient building，关系词在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。短语be equal to，意为“与……相等”。故填to。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当太阳能不足时，建筑将从电网中获取能量。修饰名词solar energy，用形容词作定语。根据下文的“the building will draw energy from the power grid”可知，只有太阳能不足的时候，才需要从电网中获取能量。故填insufficient。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这一年中，从电网获取的能量将为零，实现能源净零消耗。特指从电网获取的能量，用定冠词the，the amount of，意为“……的数量”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：NZE建筑是对快速上涨的能源价格和对气候变化采取行动的紧迫性的回应。根据空后的“energy prices”可知，空处为形容词作定语，表示“上涨的”。故填rising。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：目前，对支撑NZE建筑至关重要的几项技术正在迅速发展，即光伏板效率、电器效率和提高照明效率。本句缺少谓语动词，根据上下文以及状语“currently”可判断时态为现在进行时；主语为the development，谓语动词用单数。故填is advancing。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：NZE的概念不仅适用于单个建筑，也适用于由可再生能源系统服务的建筑群。分析句子成分可知，这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“groups of buildings”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填served。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：NZE概念的一个局限性是，在目前的能源消耗水平下，它很难应用于单层建筑，几乎不可能应用于多层建筑，除非有广阔的场地面积可用于光伏系统。分析句子成分和One可知，空处为单数名词形式，在句中作主语。故填limitation。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词，引导让步状语从句，可用连词though/although/while为表示“虽然、尽管”的意思，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。句中担当目的状语，用不定式形式。故填to produce。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母或中文提示，写出下列各句中的单词。
46. I’ve found a job that s______ me down to the ground.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】suits##uits
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、时态和主谓一致。句意：我找到了一份非常适合我的工作。根据句意和所给首字母s可知，空格处应该用动词suit，suit sb. down to the ground (完全合适与某人、完全令某人满意)，该空为定语从句谓语，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，作主语的关系代词that指代先行词a job，从句主语单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填suits。
47. She is a s______ person and she communicates in a very honest and open way. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sincere##incere
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个真诚的人，她以一种非常诚实和开放的方式交流。由“she communicates in a very honest and open way”可知，句子表示“她是一个真诚的人，她以一种非常诚实和开放的方式交流”，空格处意为“真诚的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词person，由首字母提示s可知，是sincere，故填sincere。
48. He gains a high level of c______ in English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】competence##ompetence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的英语水平很高。由“a high level of”和“in English”可知，句子表示“他的英语水平很高”，空格处意为“能力”，由首字母提示c可知，是competence，是不可数名词，故填competence。
49. It’s going to rain all day according to the weather f______.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】forecast
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据天气预报，今天一整天都会下雨。由“It’s going to rain all day”可知，句子表示“根据天气预报，今天一整天都会下雨”，空格处意为“预报”，由首字母提示f可知，是forecast，weather forecast是固定用法，意为“天气预报”。故填forecast。
50. As a way of national culture protection, cuju was listed into the first batch of China’s intangible cultural h______ in 2006. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】heritages##eritages
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为国家文化保护的一种方式，2006年，蹴鞠被列入第一批中国非物质文化遗产名录。由“cuju was listed into the first batch of China’s intangible cultural”可知，句子表示“2006年，蹴鞠被列入第一批中国非物质文化遗产名录”，空格处意为“遗产”，由首字母提示h可知，是heritage，由“the first batch of”可知，空格处用复数，故填heritages。
51. I’ll _________ (谈判)directly with them about the issue. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】negotiate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我将直接和他们协商这个问题。will后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填negotiate。
52. She’s extremely well___________(胜任的) for the job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】qualified
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她完全能胜任这项工作。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词qualified，作表语。故填qualified。
53. Long-term ______(前景) for the economy have improved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】prospects
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经济的长期前景有所改善。“前景”是prospect，由空后的have可知，空格处用复数，故填prospects。
54. The incident brought the problem of ______ (暴力) in schools into sharp focus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】violence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这一事件使校园暴力问题成为人们关注的焦点。介词后用名词作宾语，根据句意和汉语提示应填violence“暴力”，不可数名词，故填violence。
55. Though ________ (远古的)and simple in form, this stone carving has very high artistic value. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】primitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这块石雕虽然形式原始简单，但具有很高的艺术价值。“远古的”是形容词primitive，此处是形容词作状语，故填primitive。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(满分15分)
56. 假定你是育才中学高二学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展“中国武术（martial art）进校园”活动，届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加，现正在招募志愿服务人员。请你用英语给负责人Mr. Brown写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 申请的理由；
2. 个人优势；
3. 希望批准。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mr. Brown:
I’m excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for “Chinese Martial Art Into Campus”. I’m writing to apply for this position. The position can provide me with a good chance to spread lively and elegant Chinese martial arts.
I think I’m equal to the job. To begin with, with a great command of English, I can communicate with foreign friends fluently. Besides, I have a wide knowledge of Chinese martial arts. What’s more, I have gained outstanding organizational and interpersonal skills from previous voluntary work.
I am looking forward to your reply. I would be grateful if I could get admitted.
Yours sincerely,
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给负责人Mr. Brown写一封申请信，申请成为学校下周准备开展的“中国武术（martial art）进校园”活动的志愿服务人员。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
胜任：be equal to→be competent for
精通：command→mastery
杰出的：outstanding→excellent
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To begin with, with a great command of English, I can communicate with foreign friends fluently.
拓展句：To begin with, it is with a great command of English that I can communicate with foreign friends fluently.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m excited to hear that you are recruiting volunteers for “Chinese Martial Art Into Campus”. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I would be grateful if I could get admitted. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分20分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。
Chris looked at the clock again. Only five more minutes before school let out.
Just now,his Creative Learning teacher, Mrs. Griswell asked them to be prepared to share their favorite hobby with the class on Friday.And they were supposed to bring samples for show.
Chris sighed. No way am I going to talk about my favorite hobby, he thought.His older brother, Wes,laughed at him about it enough-and his dad didn't think much of it,either.
On the bus,Chris heard others talking about the “hobby thing".Brian said he was going to bring his bowling trophies(保龄球奖杯）。Chris turned back around in his seat so he wouldn't have to talk to him anymore.
＂Don't believe him,"Nick whispered."He's the worst bowler I've ever seen.He borrows the trophies from his dad,I guess.He's really fake."
At home,Chris puled out his bores of baseball cards.He liked baseball,even played some. But his really hobby let him express things from his imagination, and that’s what he liked most.Sorting through his cards, Chris began choosing some of the best ones.Yet he did not feel right about what he had decided.
Tuesday passed. Chris gathered his baseball supplies and put them in a grocery bag marked “My Favorite Hobby".He was ready for Friday,but some:thing still felt wrong.He walked out of his room, ignoring the sketchpad(草图本）on his desk.
Wednesday. After school Chris sat at the kitchen table with a sandwich,but he wasn't hungry.He didn't want to be fake like Brian, but he wasn't sure he had the courage to tell everyone his real hobby.
What would the guys think of him?
He chewed his sandwich slowly, thinking of Grandma.She was the reason he'd gotten interested in his hobby in the first place.“You have talent,” Grandma had told him proudly, admiring his work.And that felt really good.
Suddenly,Chris knew what he had to do.He dropped his sandwich on the plate and rushed to the phone.“Hi,Grandma, it's Chris.I need your help.”
【注意】
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
“Are you ready, Chris?" Mrs. Griswell asked and everyone in the class turned to look at him.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When Chris pulled out a head-band(颜带）he designed,the class became quiet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
"Are you ready, Chris?" Mrs. Griswell asked and everyone in the class turned to look at him.
Chris walked to the front of the classroom, clutching his grocery bag. His heart was pounding, and his legs felt shaky. "Go ahead," Mrs. Griswell said, smiling. Chris nodded. So he began. "I design things. I mean. I design clothes and accessories. There they were-the giggles and the sneers. "I'm a fashion designer." He brought out his sketchbook and flipped through pages showing his designs for jackets and caps, pants and shirts. There were still a few snickers.
Para 2:
When Chris pulled out a head-band(额带) he designed, the class became quiet. He designed black and blue pattern in the band and attached a small stone in the place of forehead. For girls, it was pink and purple with a small seashell. He heard someone say, "Cool!" . Few of the classmates nodded enthusiastically. "My grandma designs clothes, too. he explained feeling burst of hope. "She helped and we made headbands for everyone!" The whole class buzzed with excitement Chris grinned. Now things finally felt right!
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了克里斯的创意学习老师格里斯威尔夫人要求他们准备好在周五和全班同学分享他们最喜欢的爱好。为此克里斯有点犯难，他不敢说出自己真正的爱好，但最终他想通了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““你准备好了吗，克里斯?”格里斯韦尔夫人问道，全班都转过头来看着他。”可知，第一段可描写克里斯展示自己真正的爱好。
②由第二段首句内容“当克里斯拿出自己设计的头带时，全班安静了下来。”可知，第二段可描写克里斯给大家介绍他给大家设计的发带。
2.续写线索：老师要求分享爱好——克里斯犯难——不敢分享自己真正的爱好——想通——大胆分享自己的爱好
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.走路：walked / went on foot
②.开始：began /started
③.帮助：helped/ assisted
情绪类
①.兴奋/高兴：excitement / delight
②.热情地：enthusiastically / passionately
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Chris walked to the front of the classroom, clutching his grocery bag.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. She helped and we made headbands for everyone! （由并列连词连接的并列句）
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