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精品解析：重庆市第八中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期入学测试英语试题
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重庆八中高2024级高二(下)入学适应性考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did Daisy do yesterday?
A. She bit the fence. B. She lost a toy. C. She dug a hole.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
3. What is the woman going to do?
A. Sign up for yoga classes. B. Form a club. C. Count her steps.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a taxi. B. At a subway station. C. At a bus stop.
5. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Focus on her work. B. Go to a clinic. C. Have healthy food.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Bard?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. An editor.
7. What will the woman do in the evening?
A. Look after a baby.
B. Pay a visit to Mike.
C. Take Bard to his aunt’s.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman probably doing?
A. Asking for advice. B. Reading a map. C. Having a meeting.
9. Which place will the woman visit first?
A. Purple Mountain. B. 1912 Bar Street. C. The Confucius Temple.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How soon will the man’s flight take off?
A. In one hour.
B. In two hours.
C. In three and a half hours.
11. What does the woman think of reading at the airport?
A. Ifs relaxing. B. It’s impractical. C. It’s interesting.
12. Why does the man go back to China?
A. To buy presents.
B. To spend spring break.
C. To get together with the family.
听箫9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman need a job?
A. To earn money. B. To gain experience. C. To kill time.
14. What should the woman do if she takes the job?
A. Sort goods. B. Do the home delivery. C. Buy supplies.
15. What can wd learn about the woman?
A. She has no time for after-class activities.
B. She works hard at college.
C. She will graduate soon.
16. When does the shop open in the morning?
A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is Shu Lin’s Grandpa?
A. A magazine. B. A book. C. A painting.
18. What became a hot discussion at the London Book Fair in 2022?
A. The number of Chinese books.
B. The way to tell Chinese stories.
C. The method of illustrating books.
19. What kind of Chinese element can people find in Shu Lin’s Grandpa?
A. Ink painting. B. Classical dances. C. Traditional clothes.
20. How many Chinese publishing companies took part in the book fair in 2022?
A. About 900. B. About 600. C. About 60.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C^ D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.
Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9, his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.
But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised by getting shoes out of the garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.
He still went on to win two gold medals — winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin (标枪).The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start He threw it standing still and was placed second.
At the Olympics, he also took part in the decathlon (十项全能运动). He finished first in two events, third in four events, and fourth in two more. Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world. He was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just kept on going.
I think Paul Dughi said it best, “It’s hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”
1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.
B. Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.
C. Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.
D. Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
2. Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot?
A. To prevent the toot from injury. B. To make the shoe fit the foot.
C. To stop the shoe from being stolen. D. To show his problem-solving skills.
3. Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe?
A. Loyal and enthusiastic. B. Genuine and creative.
C. Tough and strong-minded. D. Selfless and good-tempered.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.(索普是来自俄克拉荷马州的美洲印第安人，他在年轻时通过艰苦劳动发展了非凡的运动技能。也正是在他年轻的时候，他学会了忍受种族偏见带来的苦难。许多人会说他的童年并不容易。他出身贫寒，9岁时双胞胎兄弟去世，几年后他失去了双亲)”可知,吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难：根据划线句前面的yet表转折意义可知，划线部分的意思是“虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难”。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.(鞋子有两个不同的尺寸，他一只脚上多穿了一双袜子来平衡)可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的叙述可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段的“But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes.(但这并没有阻止他去做他喜欢的事情，去追求他的梦想。似乎没有什么能阻止他，甚至是偷来的鞋子)”正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画。由此可知，tough(坚韧的)和strong-minded(意志坚定的)是对他最准确的描述。故选C。
B
It isn’t just the beauty of vast natural wonders like the Grand Canyon that can take your breath away. You can find awe in everyday things. A new research, published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took “awe walks” felt more positive emotions in their daily lives.
In the study, 52 older adults aged 60 to 90 were divided randomly into two groups. They were told to take at least one 15-minute walk each week for eight weeks. Volunteers in the “awe group” were instructed in how to inspire awe as they walked. “We asked them to try to see the world with fresh eyes—to take in new details of a leaf or flower, for example,” Sturm says. For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响) underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. However, people in the other group were less focused on the world around them. One participant wrote, “I thought about our vacation in Hawaii next Thursday.”
In addition, participants were asked to take selfies(自拍) in the beginning, middle, and end of each walk. Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a “small self”, in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery. “When we feel awe, our attention shifts from focusing on ourselves to focusing on the world around us, ” Sturm says. “ Awe affects our social relationships because it helps us to feel more connected with the world, universe, and other people.”Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study. “We analyzed the intensity of their smiles in the selfies, and participants who took awe walks displayed greater smiles over time than those who took control walks. The former reported greater positive emotions in general, including more joy and gratitude.”
Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.
4. What were participants in the “awe group” required to do in Paragraph 2?
A. To take a walk each week.
B. To focus on their inner world.
C. To collect leaves after the rain.
D. To explore with childlike curiosity.
5. What can we see in the selfies from the awe walks?
A. Close-up images with wide smiles.
B. More attention on themselves.
C. Simply the background scenery.
D. Small figures with bigger smiles.
6. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Experiencing awe counts.
B. More walks, more joy.
C. Exercises can benefit us.
D. Awe comes with walking.
7. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Awe Walks Promote Your Physical Fitness
B. Experiencing Awe Does Wonders for Everyone
C. Awe Walks Improve Your Positive Emotions
D. Frequent Walks Contribute to Emotional Health
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，研究表明怀敬畏之心行路有利于产生积极的情绪。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第五句“For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响)underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. (比如，敬畏步行组的一名参与者描写了“秋天美丽的颜色，下雨后,脚下的树叶不再被踩得嘎吱响。”——这种惊奇像孩子们拥抱他们不断延伸的世界时所感受到的那样。)”可知，研究人员要求敬畏步行组怀着孩子般的好奇心探索路程。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a ‘small self , in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery.(研究人员发现，敬畏地散步的参与者表现出一种“小我”，因为他们用自己的图像填充的照片较少，而更多地用背景风景填充。)”和倒数第三句“Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study.(研究结束时，他们的笑容也变得更加灿烂。)”可知，敬畏步行组的自拍照中，自己的身体只占一小部分，而且面带灿烂的微笑。所以他们的自拍照中，可能显示的是小身形，但是面带灿烂微笑。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段的最后两句“But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”提到积极健康情绪产生于心怀敬畏，而非只是简单地花时间锻炼。由此可知，作者在最后一段想传达的是，心怀敬畏才是真正产生影响的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，文章主要介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，尤其是根据第一段的“A new research published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took ‘ awe walks’felt more positiveemotions in their daily lives.(发表在《情感》杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些“敬畏步行”的老年人在日常生活中感受到更多的积极情绪。)”和最后一段“Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive change: in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(研究人员发现，控制组的参与者比敬畏组的参与者更频繁地散步。但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”可知，敬畏步行有利于促进积极健康情绪。所以C项“敬畏步行能促进积极的情绪”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
C
Can you imagine someone hunting you down with a gun? Most of us would be terrified. So, it’s no surprise that that’s how animals respond, too.
Orcas, a species that have been systematically hunted- even with machine guns-dramatically decreased in number in the twentieth century. These so-called “killer whales” hunted the same fish that fishermen prized and were therefore seen as competition. Consequently, killer whales began avoiding certain locations and routes. But while North America largely banned their killing in the 1970s, they continue to be hunted in Greenland to this day.
Elephants also have to deal with human hunters. Ivory poachers(象牙偷猎者)have greatly reduced the African elephant population, which used to cover the entire continent. The ivory trade was banned in 1990, but animal habitats and food supplies have still declined. In Kenya, the human population has increased four times over the last 40 years while the elephant population declined by four-fifths.
This has caused the elephants to adopt unique responses to people. For instance, elephants are terrified of the spear-waving Maasai, an ethnic group of Kenya and Tanzania who have often hurt elephants when trying to protect their own cattle.
So once in an experiment by a group of zoologists, when elephants living close to the Maasai were presented with three different T-shirts, one belonging to a Maasai, another to a different local and one to a researcher, they only reacted with fear to the Maasai shirt, literally smelling the danger.
However, neither elephants nor killer whales commonly show anger and hate for people. In fact, elephants are generally friendly to humans. And the only instances of killer whales harming a person occurred when the whales were kept in a water cage. Orcas have even been reported to aid humans in need, protecting them from other animals.
8. Why are killer whales often hunted?
A. They are hugely profitable.
B. They harm people’s interests.
C. They threaten fishermen’s safety.
D. They compete with other wildlife for food.
9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Less illegal ivory trade.
B. The decline of food supplies.
C. Elephants’ traveling to other continents.
D. The population change of humans and elephants.
10. Why is the experiment mentioned?
A. To prove humans’ influence on animals.
B. To show the defensive nature of the Maasai.
C. To illustrate the cleverness of the wild animals.
D. To highlight the urgency of animal conservation.
11. What’s the best title of this text?
A. Fierce Animals Can Feel Frightened Too
B. Animal Kingdoms Are Sounding an Alarm
C. Animals Are Trying to Fit in Human World
D. Human Actions Have Shaped Animal Consciousness
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是说人类对动物的行为已经影响了动物对人类的感知。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“These so-called ‘killer whales’ hunted the same fish that fishermen prized and were therefore seen as competition.(这些所谓的‘虎鲸’捕食的是渔民们珍视的同种鱼类，因此被视为竞争对手)”可知，因为虎鲸捕食的是渔民们珍视的同种鱼类，也就是说它们伤害到了人们的利益，所以它们才会被人们猎杀。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词this所在的句子是一个承上启下的句子，所以this指的是上文提到的内容，而上一段的最后一句“In Kenya, the human population has increased four times over the last 40 years while the elephant population declined by four-fifths.(在肯尼亚，在过去的40年里，人口数量增加了4倍，而大象的数量减少了5分之4)”说的是人口的增加和大象数量的减少，由此可知，This代指人类和大象的数量变化。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“For instance, elephants are terrified of the spear-waving Maasai, an ethnic group of Kenya and Tanzania who have often hurt elephants when trying to protect their own cattle.(例如，大象害怕挥舞长矛的马赛人，这是肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的一个民族，他们在试图保护自己的牲畜时经常伤害大象)”和第五段“So once in an experiment by a group of zoologists, when elephants living close to the Maasai were presented with three different T-shirts, one belonging to a Maasai, another to a different local and one to a researcher, they only reacted with fear to the Maasai shirt, literally smelling the danger.(因此，在一组动物学家的一次实验中，当生活在马赛人附近的大象看到三种不同的T恤时，一件属于马赛人，另一件属于不同的当地人，一件属于研究人员，它们对马赛人的T恤只表现出恐惧，实际上是嗅到了危险)”可知，大象害怕马赛人的T恤，是因为它们嗅到了危险。所以实验的目的是为了证明人类对动物的影响。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Can you imagine someone hunting you down with a gun? Most of us would be terrified. So, it’s no surprise that that’s how animals respond, too.(你能想象有人拿着枪追杀你吗？我们大多数人都会害怕。所以，动物也会有这样的反应也就不足为奇了。)”可知，文章主要讲的是人类对动物的行为已经影响了动物对人类的感知。所以用D项“Human Actions Have Shaped Animal Consciousness(人类的行为塑造了动物的意识)”作为文章的题目与文章主题相符。故选D项。
D
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful magazine cover story “I love My Children, I Hate My Life” is arousing much chatter — nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that bringing up a child is not a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”
The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive — and newly single — mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation (繁衍), is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are encouraged to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives.
Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear celebrities tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
It is hard to imagine that many people are stupid enough to want children because it looks so fantastic — most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.
12. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring ________.
A. very temporary delight
B. great enjoyment in progress
C. happiness in one’s memory
D. concern over love and hatred
13. Paragraph 2 is intended to show that ________.
A. celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.
B. single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.
C. news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.
D. having children is highly valued by the public.
14. According to the passage, those childless folks________.
A. are less likely to be satisfied with their life
B. are largely ignored by the media.
C. fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.
D. are constantly exposed to criticism.
15. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.
B. Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child raising.
C. Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.
D. We sometimes neglect the happiness from child raising.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是抚养孩子和幸福的关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense conditionEven though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”.(Senior建议，我们需要重新定义幸福，而不是认为孩子让父母快乐或痛苦。我们不应该认为幸福是可以用每时每刻的快乐来衡量的，而应该把幸福视为一种过去式的状态。尽管抚养孩子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但Senior写道:“正是那些心绪沉重的时刻，日后可能会成为我们快乐的来源。)”可知，Jennifer Senior在她的文章中建议抚养孩子可以带来记忆中的幸福，故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single – mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.(在杂志封面上，一位迷人的母亲抱着一个可爱的婴儿，这并不是本周报摊上唯一一张麦当娜和孩子的照片。此外，还有关于刚当上养母和单身母亲的桑德拉·布洛克的故事，以及常见的“詹妮弗·安妮斯顿怀孕了”的新闻。实际上，每周至少有一位明星妈妈或准妈妈在报摊上微笑。)”可知，本段主要展示的是公众非常重视生孩子。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives(不但是那不幸福的没有孩子的人却为类似这样的信息所困扰：“孩子是世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”，显然，你们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除。)”可知，那些没有孩子的人经常受到批评。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.(但有趣的是，我们想知道，我们每周看到的无压力、提高幸福感的父母形象，是否在某种微小的、潜意识的方式导致了我们对实际体验的不满，就像我们中有一小部分人希望了解名人的生活方式，可能会让我们看起来有点像他们)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出明星妈妈影响了我们对抚养孩子的态度。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空格的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
Want a relaxing but fun challenge at home? ____16____ Puzzles have been around for more than 250 years and the challenge of working out where each piece goes and carefully recreating the scene on the box lid can keep you busy for hours, days or even weeks.
Puzzles come in a huge range of sizes and difficulty levels. For beginners, a 100-piece puzzle is usually a good starting point.____17____ Try grouping pieces with the same colours or design because they will probably go in the same area once the puzzle takes shape.
____18____ Those pieces are easier to find because they have a straight side. Stay patient as you search through and try to make it fit together. You may not find any connecting pieces for ages but then several may suddenly appear.
For a real test, puzzles that have 1,000 pieces or more are a tough task and it’s best to complete them with friends or family if you can. Choosing a scene that interests you, such as a favourite film, sport or location, can help keep you interested and determined to work to the final piece. You can get fun educational puzzles, too. ____19____
Some of the best places to pick up puzzles are charity shops. They’re often on sale for less than €5. Once you have completed a puzzle it’s nice to exchange it with a friend. ____20____ You just upload an image, such as a family scene, and they will make a puzzle from it and post it to you. It makes lovely and unusual present.
A. So others can have a go.
B. You can’t beat a good puzzle.
C. Some companies make personalised puzzles.
D. However, a good start doesn’t always lead to a good result.
E. Most people like to start by getting the four edges of a puzzle laid out.
F. It can get you used to sorting out how the shapes, patterns and colours go together.
G. For example, you may try a map of the world, historical timelines or the periodic table.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拼图的玩法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Puzzles have been around for more than 250 years”（拼图已经有250多年的历史了）可知，此空要引出本文主旨——拼图。B.You can’t beat a good puzzle.（一个好拼图再好不过了。）引起下文，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Try grouping pieces with the same colours or design because they will probably go in the same area once the puzzle takes shape.”（尝试将相同颜色或设计的碎片分组，因为一旦拼图成形，它们可能会出现在相同的区域。）可知，此处将拼图的技巧。F. It can get you used to sorting out how the shapes, patterns and colours go together.（它可以让你习惯把形状、图案和颜色组合在一起。）中讲述拼图的技巧，符合段意，引起下文，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Those pieces are easier to find because they have a straight side.”（这些部分比较容易找到，因为它们有一个直边。）可知，they指的是拼图的四个边角；E. Most people like to start by getting the four edges of a puzzle laid out. （大多数人都喜欢先画出拼图的四边。）选项中的“four edges”对应上文所说“they have a straight side”，引起下文，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“You can get fun educational puzzles, too. ”（你也可以得到有趣的益智谜题。）可知，此段讲述拼图的种类，G.For example, you may try a map of the world, historical timelines or the periodic table.（例如，你可以尝试世界地图、历史时间表或元素周期表。）承接上文继续说拼图的种类，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“You just upload an image, such as a family scene, and they will make a puzzle from it and post it to you.”（你只需要上传一张图片，比如一个家庭场景，他们就会从中做出一个拼图，然后发布给你。）可知，此处讲述个性定制的拼图。C.Some companies make personalised puzzles.（一些公司制作个性化的拼图。）引起下文，符合段意，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共,15个小题，每题1分，满分15分)
I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago, I was ____21____ with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their young son was ____22____ by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He ____23____ chose a swallow sticker. The boy’s younger brother spent time ____24____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy who had chosen first said softly to his father, “I didn’t see the frog sticker.” His father immediately ____25____ the boy to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was ____26____. Such grace, gratitude and ____27____, all from an eight-year-old boy. Too often, we ____28____ to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness, we spread the ____29____ of discontent.
I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the _____30_____, he said, “Within two years, you’ll probably want a new one anyway.” Why would I want a new one, if my _____31_____ one was working? Perhaps, “_____32_____” is the key word. I won’t _____33_____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”. I may want _____34_____ things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. I need to _____35_____ each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need”.
21. A. seeing B. visiting C. leaving D. staying
22. A. trapped B. called C. stuck D. fascinated
23. A. quickly B. slowly C. deliberately D. casually
24. A. going about B. going by C. going for D. going through
25. A. demanded B. forced C. urged D. persuaded
26. A. satisfied B. astonished C. pleased D. thrilled
27. A. wisdom B. patience C. concentration D. respect
28. A. used B. tried C. pretended D. forgot
29. A. concept B. assumption C. infection D. benefit
30. A. cashier B. host C. salesman D. waiter
31. A. broken B. old C. favorite D. fragile
32. A. want B. need C. hope D. mind
33. A. obviously B. specially C. simply D. necessarily
34 A. spare B. suitable C. shiny D. similar
35. A. recognize B. identify C. prove D. access
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过小男孩购物时的选择感悟到人们很多时候购物不是出于需求，而只是为了满足自己的购买欲望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A. seeing看见；B. visiting参观；C. leaving离开；D. staying停留。根据下文中的“with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit.”可知，作者与一个家庭在一个展览会中，由此可判断，此处指的是“参观”符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A. trapped困住；B. called呼叫；C. stuck陷入；D. fascinated使着迷。根据下文中的“and asked many questions about it.”可知，小男孩问了很多问题，说明他被迷住了。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快选了一个燕子贴纸。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. deliberately故意地；D. casually随意地。根据下文中的“The boy’s younger brother spent time ___4____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly.”可知，他的弟弟花了好长时间才选了一个蝴蝶粘贴画，由此来衬托小男孩“快速地”购买。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A. going about处理；B. going by经过；C. going for选择，袭击；D. going through经历，浏览。根据下文中的“all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly”可知，小男孩儿的弟弟购物前“浏览”所有的粘贴画。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A. demanded要求；B. forced强迫；C. urged催促；D. persuaded说服。根据语境和生活常识可知，此处指的是小男孩的父亲让他快点去买。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我大吃一惊。A. satisfied满意；B. astonished惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. thrilled激动的。根据下文中的“Such grace, gratitude and ____7____, all from an eight-year-old boy.”可知，一个8岁的小男孩有如此智慧，作者感到惊讶。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样优雅、感恩和智慧，都出自一个八岁的男孩。A. wisdom智慧；B. patience耐心；C. concentration集中；D. respect尊敬。根据与此空并列的“grace, gratitude and”可知，此处指的是“智慧”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们忘记了对自己拥有的东西感到满意，在我们的健忘中，我们传播了不满的情绪。A. used使用；B. tried尽力；C. pretended假装；D. forgot忘记。根据下文中的“and in our forgetfulness”可知，此处是我们“忘记”了应满足于自己拥有的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. concept概念；B. assumption假设；C. infection传染；D. benefit益处。根据语境和下文中的spread可知，此处表示的是对不满情绪的“传染”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说：“两年之内，你可能无论如何都会想要一个新的。”A. cashier收银员；B. host主人；C. salesman销售员；D. waiter服务员。根据上文中的“I recently purchased my first laptop computer.”可知，在购物时，应该与“销售员”讨论。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. broken折的；B. old旧的，老的；C. favorite最喜欢的；D. fragile脆弱的。结合语境以及上文中的“Why would I want a new one…”可知，此处与上文中的new相对应。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。也许，“想要”是关键词。句意：A. want想要；B. need需要；C. hope希望；D. mind思想。根据下文中的“I won’t ____13____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”.”可知，人们购物时，不一定“需要”而是“想要”，所以“想要”是问题的关键。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：两年后我不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑，但我“可能会想要一台”。A. obviously明显地；B. specially特别地；C. simply仅仅；D. necessarily必要地，必然地。根据下文中的“I may want ____14____ things, but I don’t need them.”可知，我可能“想要”但是我们不一定“需要”，由此可知，此处应是表达“不一定地”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A. spare业余的；B. suitable适合的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. similar相似的。根据上文“need a new laptop in two years”可知，我们可能想要一些“鲜亮的”、新的东西。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要把我突然想要购买或拥有的冲动区分为“想要”或“需要”。A. recognize认出；B. identify辨别；C. prove证明；D. access进入。根据语境以及下文中的“either “want” or “need”.”可知，此处应该是“区别，辨别”需求与要求。符合语境。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10个小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
A
语法填空
Chen Wei was eating at a restaurant when ____36____ (interrupt) by a scream, while Zhang Tao ____37____ (choke) on some ____38____ (stuff). His desperate friends were discussing ____39____ they should send him to the hospital immediately or give him some first aid. Chen ran to him immediately and preformed the Heimlich manoeuvre. With the help of Zhang’s friends, Chen was able to help Zhang ____40____ his feet. Then he did the Heimlich manoeuvre, the food was instantly forced out.
【答案】36. interrupted
37. was choking
38. stuff 39. whether
40. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了陈伟在餐馆吃饭时，碰到了张涛被东西噎住，他采用了海姆立克法帮他将食物吐出的故事。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为时间状语从句省略句，在时间，条件和让步等状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省去从句主语和be动词，interrupt与句子主语Chen Wei之间为被动关系，interrupt用过去分词形式。故填interrupted。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，while连接的并列句，前句中使用过去进行时态，此处也为过去进行时态，且与主语之间为主动关系，主语是单数。故填was choking。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，stuff意为“东西”为不可数名词。故填stuff。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他绝望的朋友们正在讨论是应该立即送他去医院还是给他一些急救。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语等，但句意不完整，根据空后的or可知，此处表示“是……还是……”为whether…or…。故填whether。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟能够帮助张涛站起来。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语help sb. to one’s feet意为“帮某人站起来”符合句意。故填to。
B
语法填空
In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one of their highlights was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They did not anticipate ____41____ (witness) such an open country, which was ____42____ they were truly amazed.
【答案】41. witnessing
42. why
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是坐火车穿越加拿大旅行一路上看到的自然风景。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们没有预料到会看到这样一个开放的国家，这也是他们真正感到惊讶的原因。anticipate doing sth. (期望做某事)，主动，witness用动名词一般式作宾语。故填witnessing。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：他们没有预料到会看到这样一个开放的国家，这也是他们真正感到惊讶的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导表语从句（表结果），从句中缺原因状语，根据句意可知，此处表示“为什么、……的原因”符合句意。故填why。
C
语法填空
Digital screen time before bed can have a negative impact on the quality of your sleep. A European study found being exposed to blue light ____43____ (substantial) keeps you mentally stimulated, which tends to throw off the body’s biological clock. Much ____44____ (expose) to blue Light weakens the production of melatonin. Melatonin is ____45____ causes sleepiness and helps you relax before bedtime. Suppression of melatonin can cause you to stay up later and sleep less than you normally would.
【答案】43. substantially
44. exposure
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了睡前的数字屏幕时间会对睡眠质量产生负面影响，并分析了产生负面影响的原因。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：欧洲的一项研究发现，暴露在蓝光下会极大地让你的精神受到刺激，而这往往会打乱身体的生物钟。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词keeps，substantial的副词为substantially意为“大幅地，大量地”。故填substantially。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：过多暴露在蓝光下会削弱褪黑素的产生。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，expose的名词为exposure，且空前有much修饰，为不可数名词。故填exposure。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：褪黑素是导致嗜睡和帮助你在睡前放松的物质。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，此处指的是事物。故填what。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 因担心感染COVID-19，人们疯狂囤积医药物资。此现象引发了你班激烈的过论。请你根据提示写一篇文章介绍讨论结果，并谈谈你自己的看法。
40%认为有必要
60%认为没有必要
■你自己的想法
1 .病毒传染快，感染几率大
2 .医药可能出现短缺
1 .占用资源，造成恐慌
2 .救治一定会得到保障
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Now, COVID-19 not only appears in China, but also in many countries and regions of the world. People are frantically stocking up on medical supplies for fear of contracting COVID-19. Such behavior brought out a heated discussion in my class.
40% believed it is necessary because the virus spreads quickly, the chances of infection are high and there may be a shortage of medicine, while 60% hold the belief that it is unnecessary. They insisted that this behavior takes up resources and produces panic, and medical treatment will be guaranteed.
In my opinion, at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues. Meanwhile, we should trust the medical workers on the front lines of the epidemic, whose expertise has given us a new understanding of the virus and boosted our confidence in defeating it. As many Chinese say, “come on China”.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。因担心感染COVID-19，人们疯狂囤积医药物资。此现象引发了你班激烈的过论。请你根据提示写一篇文章介绍讨论结果，并谈谈你自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感染：contract→infect
认为：believe/hold the belief that→think
产生：produce→generate
保证：guarantee→assure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues.
拓展句：In my opinion, since we are at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues.
【点睛】[高分句型1] They insisted that this behavior takes up resources and produces panic, and that medical treatment will be guaranteed.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] 40% believed it is necessary because the virus spreads quickly, the chances of infection are high and there may be a shortage of medicine while 60% hold the belief that it is unnecessary. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的文章。
On the first day of school, I stared in awe at the huge buildings. This high school was definitely bigger than the one I had previously attended.
This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in St. Louis. I had decided the night before that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I even bought a new outfit and had my hair styled just so the first day would be perfect.
Scared, yet anxious to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs to the front door. The halls were packed with kids yelling and laughing and telling stories of their summer adventures. My first class was geometry, but where was that?
I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you need help? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names. I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right, making polite conversation the whole way. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. Welcome to JFK, and I hope your day goes all right.”
I said thanks and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle who was wearing a letter jacket covered with patches. I decided that this guy was popular, so I managed to get a seat right next to him. I said, “Hi, my name is Lisa and I’m new here.” He said, “Johnny.”
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置答题。
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me?”
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Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Possible Version:
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me?” With a frown, he looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom. As they were walking out I heard him say, “Did you guys see that new girl trying to get into our group? That outfit was too strange.” They all laughed and some of them turned around and stared at me. My face hot with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.
Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder. It was Diane. Like a ray of sunshine, the big smile on her face swept away my gloom. I struggled to hold my feelings back and told her what I had encountered. A gleam of concern in her eyes, she said she was sorry and offered to find my next class. At that moment I realized how wrong I was in wanting to only be friends with popular people. Maybe I shouldn’t decide whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but by who they are.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中第二年是在圣路易斯第一年，作者在学校认识了Diane，Diane给作者指路。结果作者因为穿着被班上的同学嘲笑，Diane也对作者表示了关心，作者也感悟到不应该只和受欢迎的人交朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课的时候，我转向他问：‘我不知道下节课在哪里，你能帮我吗？’”可知，第一段可描写对方的反应以及作者被嘲笑的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“就在那时，有人走过来拍了拍我的肩膀”可知，第二段可描写Diane帮助作者以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：询问——拒绝——嘲笑——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走出：walk out of/step out of
②融入：get into/fit into
③抑制：hold back/restrain
情绪类
①奇怪的：strange /odd
②担心：concern /worry
【点睛】[高分句型1] My face hot with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Maybe I shouldn’t decide whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but by who they are. (运用了whether引导宾语从句)
重庆八中高2024级高二(下)入学适应性考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did Daisy do yesterday?
A. She bit the fence. B. She lost a toy. C. She dug a hole.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
3. What is the woman going to do?
A. Sign up for yoga classes. B. Form a club. C. Count her steps.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a taxi. B. At a subway station. C. At a bus stop.
5. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Focus on her work. B. Go to a clinic. C. Have healthy food.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Bard?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. An editor.
7. What will the woman do in the evening?
A. Look after a baby.
B. Pay a visit to Mike.
C. Take Bard to his aunt’s.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman probably doing?
A. Asking for advice. B. Reading a map. C. Having a meeting.
9. Which place will the woman visit first?
A. Purple Mountain. B. 1912 Bar Street. C. The Confucius Temple.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How soon will the man’s flight take off?
A. In one hour.
B. In two hours.
C. In three and a half hours.
11. What does the woman think of reading at the airport?
A. Ifs relaxing. B. It’s impractical. C. It’s interesting.
12. Why does the man go back to China?
A. To buy presents.
B. To spend spring break.
C. To get together with the family.
听箫9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman need a job?
A. To earn money. B. To gain experience. C. To kill time.
14. What should the woman do if she takes the job?
A. Sort goods. B. Do the home delivery. C. Buy supplies.
15. What can wd learn about the woman?
A. She has no time for after-class activities.
B. She works hard at college.
C. She will graduate soon.
16. When does the shop open in the morning?
A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is Shu Lin’s Grandpa?
A. A magazine. B. A book. C. A painting.
18. What became a hot discussion at the London Book Fair in 2022?
A. The number of Chinese books.
B. The way to tell Chinese stories.
C. The method of illustrating books.
19. What kind of Chinese element can people find in Shu Lin’s Grandpa?
A. Ink painting. B. Classical dances. C. Traditional clothes.
20. How many Chinese publishing companies took part in the book fair in 2022?
A. About 900. B. About 600. C. About 60.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C^ D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.
Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9, his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.
But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised by getting shoes out of the garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.
He still went on to win two gold medals — winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin (标枪).The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start He threw it standing still and was placed second.
At the Olympics, he also took part in the decathlon (十项全能运动). He finished first in two events, third in four events, and fourth in two more. Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world. He was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just kept on going.
I think Paul Dughi said it best, “It’s hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”
1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.
B. Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.
C. Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.
D. Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
2. Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot?
A. To prevent the toot from injury. B. To make the shoe fit the foot.
C. To stop the shoe from being stolen. D. To show his problem-solving skills.
3. Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe?
A. Loyal and enthusiastic. B. Genuine and creative.
C. Tough and strong-minded. D. Selfless and good-tempered.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.(索普是来自俄克拉荷马州的美洲印第安人，他在年轻时通过艰苦劳动发展了非凡的运动技能。也正是在他年轻的时候，他学会了忍受种族偏见带来的苦难。许多人会说他的童年并不容易。他出身贫寒，9岁时双胞胎兄弟去世，几年后他失去了双亲)”可知,吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡，青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难：根据划线句前面的yet表转折意义可知，划线部分的意思是“虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难”。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.(鞋子有两个不同的尺寸，他一只脚上多穿了一双袜子来平衡)可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的叙述可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段的“But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes.(但这并没有阻止他去做他喜欢的事情，去追求他的梦想。似乎没有什么能阻止他，甚至是偷来的鞋子)”正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画。由此可知，tough(坚韧的)和strong-minded(意志坚定的)是对他最准确的描述。故选C。
B
It isn’t just the beauty of vast natural wonders like the Grand Canyon that can take your breath away. You can find awe in everyday things. A new research, published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took “awe walks” felt more positive emotions in their daily lives.
In the study, 52 older adults aged 60 to 90 were divided randomly into two groups. They were told to take at least one 15-minute walk each week for eight weeks. Volunteers in the “awe group” were instructed in how to inspire awe as they walked. “We asked them to try to see the world with fresh eyes—to take in new details of a leaf or flower, for example,” Sturm says. For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响) underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. However, people in the other group were less focused on the world around them. One participant wrote, “I thought about our vacation in Hawaii next Thursday.”
In addition, participants were asked to take selfies(自拍) in the beginning, middle, and end of each walk. Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a “small self”, in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery. “When we feel awe, our attention shifts from focusing on ourselves to focusing on the world around us, ” Sturm says. “ Awe affects our social relationships because it helps us to feel more connected with the world, universe, and other people.”Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study. “We analyzed the intensity of their smiles in the selfies, and participants who took awe walks displayed greater smiles over time than those who took control walks. The former reported greater positive emotions in general, including more joy and gratitude.”
Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.
4. What were participants in the “awe group” required to do in Paragraph 2?
A. To take a walk each week.
B. To focus on their inner world.
C. To collect leaves after the rain.
D. To explore with childlike curiosity.
5. What can we see in the selfies from the awe walks?
A. Close-up images with wide smiles.
B. More attention on themselves.
C. Simply the background scenery.
D. Small figures with bigger smiles.
6. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Experiencing awe counts.
B. More walks, more joy.
C. Exercises can benefit us.
D. Awe comes with walking.
7. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Awe Walks Promote Your Physical Fitness
B. Experiencing Awe Does Wonders for Everyone
C. Awe Walks Improve Your Positive Emotions
D. Frequent Walks Contribute to Emotional Health
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，研究表明怀敬畏之心行路有利于产生积极的情绪。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第五句“For example, one participant from the awe group wrote about “the beautiful fall colors and how the leaves were no longer crunchy(嘎吱响)underfoot because of the rain”—the wonder that small children feel as they embrace their expanding world. (比如，敬畏步行组的一名参与者描写了“秋天美丽的颜色，下雨后,脚下的树叶不再被踩得嘎吱响。”——这种惊奇像孩子们拥抱他们不断延伸的世界时所感受到的那样。)”可知，研究人员要求敬畏步行组怀着孩子般的好奇心探索路程。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Researchers found that participants who took awe walks showed a ‘small self , in that they filled less of their photographs with their own image and more with the background scenery.(研究人员发现，敬畏地散步的参与者表现出一种“小我”，因为他们用自己的图像填充的照片较少，而更多地用背景风景填充。)”和倒数第三句“Their smiles also grew broader by the end of the study.(研究结束时，他们的笑容也变得更加灿烂。)”可知，敬畏步行组的自拍照中，自己的身体只占一小部分，而且面带灿烂的微笑。所以他们的自拍照中，可能显示的是小身形，但是面带灿烂微笑。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段的最后两句“But walking more didn’t result in positive changes in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”提到积极健康情绪产生于心怀敬畏，而非只是简单地花时间锻炼。由此可知，作者在最后一段想传达的是，心怀敬畏才是真正产生影响的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，文章主要介绍一项有关awe walk(敬畏步行)的研究，尤其是根据第一段的“A new research published in the journal Emotion, found that older adults who took ‘ awe walks’felt more positiveemotions in their daily lives.(发表在《情感》杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些“敬畏步行”的老年人在日常生活中感受到更多的积极情绪。)”和最后一段“Participants in the control group took more frequent walks than those people in the awe group, the researchers discovered. But walking more didn’t result in positive change: in emotional health or in the way their selfies were taken. This suggests that the results were mainly due to experiencing awe, and not just in spending time exercising.(研究人员发现，控制组的参与者比敬畏组的参与者更频繁地散步。但是多走路并不会对情绪健康或者自拍方式产生积极的影响。这表明，结果主要是由于体验敬畏，而不只是在花时间锻炼。)”可知，敬畏步行有利于促进积极健康情绪。所以C项“敬畏步行能促进积极的情绪”最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
C
Can you imagine someone hunting you down with a gun? Most of us would be terrified. So, it’s no surprise that that’s how animals respond, too.
Orcas, a species that have been systematically hunted- even with machine guns-dramatically decreased in number in the twentieth century. These so-called “killer whales” hunted the same fish that fishermen prized and were therefore seen as competition. Consequently, killer whales began avoiding certain locations and routes. But while North America largely banned their killing in the 1970s, they continue to be hunted in Greenland to this day.
Elephants also have to deal with human hunters. Ivory poachers(象牙偷猎者)have greatly reduced the African elephant population, which used to cover the entire continent. The ivory trade was banned in 1990, but animal habitats and food supplies have still declined. In Kenya, the human population has increased four times over the last 40 years while the elephant population declined by four-fifths.
This has caused the elephants to adopt unique responses to people. For instance, elephants are terrified of the spear-waving Maasai, an ethnic group of Kenya and Tanzania who have often hurt elephants when trying to protect their own cattle.
So once in an experiment by a group of zoologists, when elephants living close to the Maasai were presented with three different T-shirts, one belonging to a Maasai, another to a different local and one to a researcher, they only reacted with fear to the Maasai shirt, literally smelling the danger.
However, neither elephants nor killer whales commonly show anger and hate for people. In fact, elephants are generally friendly to humans. And the only instances of killer whales harming a person occurred when the whales were kept in a water cage. Orcas have even been reported to aid humans in need, protecting them from other animals.
8. Why are killer whales often hunted?
A. They are hugely profitable.
B. They harm people’s interests.
C. They threaten fishermen’s safety.
D. They compete with other wildlife for food.
9. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Less illegal ivory trade.
B. The decline of food supplies.
C. Elephants’ traveling to other continents.
D. The population change of humans and elephants.
10. Why is the experiment mentioned?
A. To prove humans’ influence on animals.
B. To show the defensive nature of the Maasai.
C. To illustrate the cleverness of the wild animals.
D. To highlight the urgency of animal conservation.
11. What’s the best title of this text?
A. Fierce Animals Can Feel Frightened Too
B. Animal Kingdoms Are Sounding an Alarm
C. Animals Are Trying to Fit in Human World
D. Human Actions Have Shaped Animal Consciousness
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是说人类对动物的行为已经影响了动物对人类的感知。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“These so-called ‘killer whales’ hunted the same fish that fishermen prized and were therefore seen as competition.(这些所谓的‘虎鲸’捕食的是渔民们珍视的同种鱼类，因此被视为竞争对手)”可知，因为虎鲸捕食的是渔民们珍视的同种鱼类，也就是说它们伤害到了人们的利益，所以它们才会被人们猎杀。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。划线单词this所在的句子是一个承上启下的句子，所以this指的是上文提到的内容，而上一段的最后一句“In Kenya, the human population has increased four times over the last 40 years while the elephant population declined by four-fifths.(在肯尼亚，在过去的40年里，人口数量增加了4倍，而大象的数量减少了5分之4)”说的是人口的增加和大象数量的减少，由此可知，This代指人类和大象的数量变化。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的句子“For instance, elephants are terrified of the spear-waving Maasai, an ethnic group of Kenya and Tanzania who have often hurt elephants when trying to protect their own cattle.(例如，大象害怕挥舞长矛的马赛人，这是肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的一个民族，他们在试图保护自己的牲畜时经常伤害大象)”和第五段“So once in an experiment by a group of zoologists, when elephants living close to the Maasai were presented with three different T-shirts, one belonging to a Maasai, another to a different local and one to a researcher, they only reacted with fear to the Maasai shirt, literally smelling the danger.(因此，在一组动物学家的一次实验中，当生活在马赛人附近的大象看到三种不同的T恤时，一件属于马赛人，另一件属于不同的当地人，一件属于研究人员，它们对马赛人的T恤只表现出恐惧，实际上是嗅到了危险)”可知，大象害怕马赛人的T恤，是因为它们嗅到了危险。所以实验的目的是为了证明人类对动物的影响。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Can you imagine someone hunting you down with a gun? Most of us would be terrified. So, it’s no surprise that that’s how animals respond, too.(你能想象有人拿着枪追杀你吗？我们大多数人都会害怕。所以，动物也会有这样的反应也就不足为奇了。)”可知，文章主要讲的是人类对动物的行为已经影响了动物对人类的感知。所以用D项“Human Actions Have Shaped Animal Consciousness(人类的行为塑造了动物的意识)”作为文章的题目与文章主题相符。故选D项。
D
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful magazine cover story “I love My Children, I Hate My Life” is arousing much chatter — nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that bringing up a child is not a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”
The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive — and newly single — mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation (繁衍), is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are encouraged to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives.
Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear celebrities tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
It is hard to imagine that many people are stupid enough to want children because it looks so fantastic — most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.
12. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring ________.
A. very temporary delight
B. great enjoyment in progress
C. happiness in one’s memory
D. concern over love and hatred
13. Paragraph 2 is intended to show that ________.
A. celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.
B. single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.
C. news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.
D. having children is highly valued by the public.
14. According to the passage, those childless folks________.
A. are less likely to be satisfied with their life
B. are largely ignored by the media.
C. fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.
D. are constantly exposed to criticism.
15. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.
B. Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child raising.
C. Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.
D. We sometimes neglect the happiness from child raising.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是抚养孩子和幸福的关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense conditionEven though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”.(Senior建议，我们需要重新定义幸福，而不是认为孩子让父母快乐或痛苦。我们不应该认为幸福是可以用每时每刻的快乐来衡量的，而应该把幸福视为一种过去式的状态。尽管抚养孩子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但Senior写道:“正是那些心绪沉重的时刻，日后可能会成为我们快乐的来源。)”可知，Jennifer Senior在她的文章中建议抚养孩子可以带来记忆中的幸福，故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single – mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.(在杂志封面上，一位迷人的母亲抱着一个可爱的婴儿，这并不是本周报摊上唯一一张麦当娜和孩子的照片。此外，还有关于刚当上养母和单身母亲的桑德拉·布洛克的故事，以及常见的“詹妮弗·安妮斯顿怀孕了”的新闻。实际上，每周至少有一位明星妈妈或准妈妈在报摊上微笑。)”可知，本段主要展示的是公众非常重视生孩子。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives(不但是那不幸福的没有孩子的人却为类似这样的信息所困扰：“孩子是世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”，显然，你们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除。)”可知，那些没有孩子的人经常受到批评。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.(但有趣的是，我们想知道，我们每周看到的无压力、提高幸福感的父母形象，是否在某种微小的、潜意识的方式导致了我们对实际体验的不满，就像我们中有一小部分人希望了解名人的生活方式，可能会让我们看起来有点像他们)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出明星妈妈影响了我们对抚养孩子的态度。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空格的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
Want a relaxing but fun challenge at home? ____16____ Puzzles have been around for more than 250 years and the challenge of working out where each piece goes and carefully recreating the scene on the box lid can keep you busy for hours, days or even weeks.
Puzzles come in a huge range of sizes and difficulty levels. For beginners, a 100-piece puzzle is usually a good starting point.____17____ Try grouping pieces with the same colours or design because they will probably go in the same area once the puzzle takes shape.
____18____ Those pieces are easier to find because they have a straight side. Stay patient as you search through and try to make it fit together. You may not find any connecting pieces for ages but then several may suddenly appear.
For a real test, puzzles that have 1,000 pieces or more are a tough task and it’s best to complete them with friends or family if you can. Choosing a scene that interests you, such as a favourite film, sport or location, can help keep you interested and determined to work to the final piece. You can get fun educational puzzles, too. ____19____
Some of the best places to pick up puzzles are charity shops. They’re often on sale for less than €5. Once you have completed a puzzle it’s nice to exchange it with a friend. ____20____ You just upload an image, such as a family scene, and they will make a puzzle from it and post it to you. It makes lovely and unusual present.
A. So others can have a go.
B. You can’t beat a good puzzle.
C. Some companies make personalised puzzles.
D. However, a good start doesn’t always lead to a good result.
E. Most people like to start by getting the four edges of a puzzle laid out.
F. It can get you used to sorting out how the shapes, patterns and colours go together.
G. For example, you may try a map of the world, historical timelines or the periodic table.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拼图的玩法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Puzzles have been around for more than 250 years”（拼图已经有250多年的历史了）可知，此空要引出本文主旨——拼图。B.You can’t beat a good puzzle.（一个好拼图再好不过了。）引起下文，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Try grouping pieces with the same colours or design because they will probably go in the same area once the puzzle takes shape.”（尝试将相同颜色或设计的碎片分组，因为一旦拼图成形，它们可能会出现在相同的区域。）可知，此处将拼图的技巧。F. It can get you used to sorting out how the shapes, patterns and colours go together.（它可以让你习惯把形状、图案和颜色组合在一起。）中讲述拼图的技巧，符合段意，引起下文，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Those pieces are easier to find because they have a straight side.”（这些部分比较容易找到，因为它们有一个直边。）可知，they指的是拼图的四个边角；E. Most people like to start by getting the four edges of a puzzle laid out. （大多数人都喜欢先画出拼图的四边。）选项中的“four edges”对应上文所说“they have a straight side”，引起下文，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文“You can get fun educational puzzles, too. ”（你也可以得到有趣的益智谜题。）可知，此段讲述拼图的种类，G.For example, you may try a map of the world, historical timelines or the periodic table.（例如，你可以尝试世界地图、历史时间表或元素周期表。）承接上文继续说拼图的种类，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据下文“You just upload an image, such as a family scene, and they will make a puzzle from it and post it to you.”（你只需要上传一张图片，比如一个家庭场景，他们就会从中做出一个拼图，然后发布给你。）可知，此处讲述个性定制的拼图。C.Some companies make personalised puzzles.（一些公司制作个性化的拼图。）引起下文，符合段意，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共,15个小题，每题1分，满分15分)
I am a guide at the California Academy of Sciences. Weeks ago, I was ____21____ with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their young son was ____22____ by the swallow and asked many questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He ____23____ chose a swallow sticker. The boy’s younger brother spent time ____24____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly. The boy who had chosen first said softly to his father, “I didn’t see the frog sticker.” His father immediately ____25____ the boy to ask me for a second sticker. The boy said, “No, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was ____26____. Such grace, gratitude and ____27____, all from an eight-year-old boy. Too often, we ____28____ to be happy with what we have and in our forgetfulness, we spread the ____29____ of discontent.
I recently purchased my first laptop computer. In discussions with the _____30_____, he said, “Within two years, you’ll probably want a new one anyway.” Why would I want a new one, if my _____31_____ one was working? Perhaps, “_____32_____” is the key word. I won’t _____33_____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”. I may want _____34_____ things, but I don’t need them. What I do desperately need is the peace of mind. I need to _____35_____ each of my sudden urges to purchase or possess as either “want” or “need”.
21. A. seeing B. visiting C. leaving D. staying
22. A. trapped B. called C. stuck D. fascinated
23. A. quickly B. slowly C. deliberately D. casually
24. A. going about B. going by C. going for D. going through
25. A. demanded B. forced C. urged D. persuaded
26. A. satisfied B. astonished C. pleased D. thrilled
27. A. wisdom B. patience C. concentration D. respect
28. A. used B. tried C. pretended D. forgot
29. A. concept B. assumption C. infection D. benefit
30. A. cashier B. host C. salesman D. waiter
31. A. broken B. old C. favorite D. fragile
32. A. want B. need C. hope D. mind
33. A. obviously B. specially C. simply D. necessarily
34 A. spare B. suitable C. shiny D. similar
35. A. recognize B. identify C. prove D. access
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过小男孩购物时的选择感悟到人们很多时候购物不是出于需求，而只是为了满足自己的购买欲望。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我和一个可爱的家庭一起参观了学院的沼泽展览。A. seeing看见；B. visiting参观；C. leaving离开；D. staying停留。根据下文中的“with a lovely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit.”可知，作者与一个家庭在一个展览会中，由此可判断，此处指的是“参观”符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的小儿子对燕子很着迷，并问了很多关于它的问题。A. trapped困住；B. called呼叫；C. stuck陷入；D. fascinated使着迷。根据下文中的“and asked many questions about it.”可知，小男孩问了很多问题，说明他被迷住了。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快选了一个燕子贴纸。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. deliberately故意地；D. casually随意地。根据下文中的“The boy’s younger brother spent time ___4____ all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly.”可知，他的弟弟花了好长时间才选了一个蝴蝶粘贴画，由此来衬托小男孩“快速地”购买。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：男孩的弟弟在选择蝴蝶之前花时间浏览了所有的贴纸选择。A. going about处理；B. going by经过；C. going for选择，袭击；D. going through经历，浏览。根据下文中的“all the sticker choices before choosing a butterfly”可知，小男孩儿的弟弟购物前“浏览”所有的粘贴画。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲立即催促男孩向我要第二张贴纸。A. demanded要求；B. forced强迫；C. urged催促；D. persuaded说服。根据语境和生活常识可知，此处指的是小男孩的父亲让他快点去买。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我大吃一惊。A. satisfied满意；B. astonished惊讶的；C. pleased高兴的；D. thrilled激动的。根据下文中的“Such grace, gratitude and ____7____, all from an eight-year-old boy.”可知，一个8岁的小男孩有如此智慧，作者感到惊讶。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样优雅、感恩和智慧，都出自一个八岁的男孩。A. wisdom智慧；B. patience耐心；C. concentration集中；D. respect尊敬。根据与此空并列的“grace, gratitude and”可知，此处指的是“智慧”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们忘记了对自己拥有的东西感到满意，在我们的健忘中，我们传播了不满的情绪。A. used使用；B. tried尽力；C. pretended假装；D. forgot忘记。根据下文中的“and in our forgetfulness”可知，此处是我们“忘记”了应满足于自己拥有的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. concept概念；B. assumption假设；C. infection传染；D. benefit益处。根据语境和下文中的spread可知，此处表示的是对不满情绪的“传染”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在与销售人员的讨论中，他说：“两年之内，你可能无论如何都会想要一个新的。”A. cashier收银员；B. host主人；C. salesman销售员；D. waiter服务员。根据上文中的“I recently purchased my first laptop computer.”可知，在购物时，应该与“销售员”讨论。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. broken折的；B. old旧的，老的；C. favorite最喜欢的；D. fragile脆弱的。结合语境以及上文中的“Why would I want a new one…”可知，此处与上文中的new相对应。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。也许，“想要”是关键词。句意：A. want想要；B. need需要；C. hope希望；D. mind思想。根据下文中的“I won’t ____13____ need a new laptop in two years but I “will probably want one”.”可知，人们购物时，不一定“需要”而是“想要”，所以“想要”是问题的关键。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：两年后我不一定需要一台新笔记本电脑，但我“可能会想要一台”。A. obviously明显地；B. specially特别地；C. simply仅仅；D. necessarily必要地，必然地。根据下文中的“I may want ____14____ things, but I don’t need them.”可知，我可能“想要”但是我们不一定“需要”，由此可知，此处应是表达“不一定地”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可能想要闪亮的东西，但我不需要它们。A. spare业余的；B. suitable适合的；C. shiny闪亮的；D. similar相似的。根据上文“need a new laptop in two years”可知，我们可能想要一些“鲜亮的”、新的东西。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要把我突然想要购买或拥有的冲动区分为“想要”或“需要”。A. recognize认出；B. identify辨别；C. prove证明；D. access进入。根据语境以及下文中的“either “want” or “need”.”可知，此处应该是“区别，辨别”需求与要求。符合语境。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空(共10个小题，每题1.5分，满分15分)
A
语法填空
Chen Wei was eating at a restaurant when ____36____ (interrupt) by a scream, while Zhang Tao ____37____ (choke) on some ____38____ (stuff). His desperate friends were discussing ____39____ they should send him to the hospital immediately or give him some first aid. Chen ran to him immediately and preformed the Heimlich manoeuvre. With the help of Zhang’s friends, Chen was able to help Zhang ____40____ his feet. Then he did the Heimlich manoeuvre, the food was instantly forced out.
【答案】36. interrupted
37. was choking
38. stuff 39. whether
40. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了陈伟在餐馆吃饭时，碰到了张涛被东西噎住，他采用了海姆立克法帮他将食物吐出的故事。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为时间状语从句省略句，在时间，条件和让步等状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词中含有be动词时，可以省去从句主语和be动词，interrupt与句子主语Chen Wei之间为被动关系，interrupt用过去分词形式。故填interrupted。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，while连接的并列句，前句中使用过去进行时态，此处也为过去进行时态，且与主语之间为主动关系，主语是单数。故填was choking。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：陈伟正在餐厅吃饭，被一声尖叫打断，而张涛正在被一些东西噎住。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，stuff意为“东西”为不可数名词。故填stuff。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他绝望的朋友们正在讨论是应该立即送他去医院还是给他一些急救。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语等，但句意不完整，根据空后的or可知，此处表示“是……还是……”为whether…or…。故填whether。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟能够帮助张涛站起来。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语help sb. to one’s feet意为“帮某人站起来”符合句意。故填to。
B
语法填空
In addition to seeing spectacular mountain peaks and forests, one of their highlights was being able to see many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats, and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They did not anticipate ____41____ (witness) such an open country, which was ____42____ they were truly amazed.
【答案】41. witnessing
42. why
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是坐火车穿越加拿大旅行一路上看到的自然风景。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们没有预料到会看到这样一个开放的国家，这也是他们真正感到惊讶的原因。anticipate doing sth. (期望做某事)，主动，witness用动名词一般式作宾语。故填witnessing。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：他们没有预料到会看到这样一个开放的国家，这也是他们真正感到惊讶的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导表语从句（表结果），从句中缺原因状语，根据句意可知，此处表示“为什么、……的原因”符合句意。故填why。
C
语法填空
Digital screen time before bed can have a negative impact on the quality of your sleep. A European study found being exposed to blue light ____43____ (substantial) keeps you mentally stimulated, which tends to throw off the body’s biological clock. Much ____44____ (expose) to blue Light weakens the production of melatonin. Melatonin is ____45____ causes sleepiness and helps you relax before bedtime. Suppression of melatonin can cause you to stay up later and sleep less than you normally would.
【答案】43. substantially
44. exposure
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了睡前的数字屏幕时间会对睡眠质量产生负面影响，并分析了产生负面影响的原因。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：欧洲的一项研究发现，暴露在蓝光下会极大地让你的精神受到刺激，而这往往会打乱身体的生物钟。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词keeps，substantial的副词为substantially意为“大幅地，大量地”。故填substantially。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：过多暴露在蓝光下会削弱褪黑素的产生。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作主语，expose的名词为exposure，且空前有much修饰，为不可数名词。故填exposure。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：褪黑素是导致嗜睡和帮助你在睡前放松的物质。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，此处指的是事物。故填what。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 因担心感染COVID-19，人们疯狂囤积医药物资。此现象引发了你班激烈的过论。请你根据提示写一篇文章介绍讨论结果，并谈谈你自己的看法。
40%认为有必要
60%认为没有必要
■你自己的想法
1 .病毒传染快，感染几率大
2 .医药可能出现短缺
1 .占用资源，造成恐慌
2 .救治一定会得到保障
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Now, COVID-19 not only appears in China, but also in many countries and regions of the world. People are frantically stocking up on medical supplies for fear of contracting COVID-19. Such behavior brought out a heated discussion in my class.
40% believed it is necessary because the virus spreads quickly, the chances of infection are high and there may be a shortage of medicine, while 60% hold the belief that it is unnecessary. They insisted that this behavior takes up resources and produces panic, and medical treatment will be guaranteed.
In my opinion, at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues. Meanwhile, we should trust the medical workers on the front lines of the epidemic, whose expertise has given us a new understanding of the virus and boosted our confidence in defeating it. As many Chinese say, “come on China”.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。因担心感染COVID-19，人们疯狂囤积医药物资。此现象引发了你班激烈的过论。请你根据提示写一篇文章介绍讨论结果，并谈谈你自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感染：contract→infect
认为：believe/hold the belief that→think
产生：produce→generate
保证：guarantee→assure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues.
拓展句：In my opinion, since we are at this particular time, we should have faith in the ability of government to solve problems, especially livelihood issues.
【点睛】[高分句型1] They insisted that this behavior takes up resources and produces panic, and that medical treatment will be guaranteed.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] 40% believed it is necessary because the virus spreads quickly, the chances of infection are high and there may be a shortage of medicine while 60% hold the belief that it is unnecessary. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的文章。
On the first day of school, I stared in awe at the huge buildings. This high school was definitely bigger than the one I had previously attended.
This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in St. Louis. I had decided the night before that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I even bought a new outfit and had my hair styled just so the first day would be perfect.
Scared, yet anxious to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs to the front door. The halls were packed with kids yelling and laughing and telling stories of their summer adventures. My first class was geometry, but where was that?
I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you need help? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names. I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right, making polite conversation the whole way. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. Welcome to JFK, and I hope your day goes all right.”
I said thanks and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle who was wearing a letter jacket covered with patches. I decided that this guy was popular, so I managed to get a seat right next to him. I said, “Hi, my name is Lisa and I’m new here.” He said, “Johnny.”
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置答题。
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me?”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Possible Version:
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me?” With a frown, he looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom. As they were walking out I heard him say, “Did you guys see that new girl trying to get into our group? That outfit was too strange.” They all laughed and some of them turned around and stared at me. My face hot with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.
Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder. It was Diane. Like a ray of sunshine, the big smile on her face swept away my gloom. I struggled to hold my feelings back and told her what I had encountered. A gleam of concern in her eyes, she said she was sorry and offered to find my next class. At that moment I realized how wrong I was in wanting to only be friends with popular people. Maybe I shouldn’t decide whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but by who they are.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中第二年是在圣路易斯第一年，作者在学校认识了Diane，Diane给作者指路。结果作者因为穿着被班上的同学嘲笑，Diane也对作者表示了关心，作者也感悟到不应该只和受欢迎的人交朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课的时候，我转向他问：‘我不知道下节课在哪里，你能帮我吗？’”可知，第一段可描写对方的反应以及作者被嘲笑的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“就在那时，有人走过来拍了拍我的肩膀”可知，第二段可描写Diane帮助作者以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：询问——拒绝——嘲笑——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走出：walk out of/step out of
②融入：get into/fit into
③抑制：hold back/restrain
情绪类
①奇怪的：strange /odd
②担心：concern /worry
【点睛】[高分句型1] My face hot with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Maybe I shouldn’t decide whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but by who they are. (运用了whether引导宾语从句)
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