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天津市和平区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题
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天津市和平区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共75分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman feel?
A. Uninterested. B. Surprised. C. Annoyed.
2. Where are probably the speakers?
A. In the photo studio. B. In the classroom. C. In the library.
3. Who might the woman be?
A. A driver. B. A receptionist. C. A policewoman.
4. What will the woman do first?
A. Finish her homework.
B. Pick up her brother.
C Go to the party.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Baker and customer.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. How to stay focused.
B. How to prepare for a test.
C. How to finish things in time.
7. Who is Jeff?
A. The girl’s cousin. B. The man’s child. C. The girl’s pet.
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the classroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In the study.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。
9. How many people will see the film together?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He enjoys horror films.
B. He doesn’t like comedies.
C. He is fond of science fiction films.
11. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 7:30 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至第15小题。
12. Where do Indonesians usually put their trash?
A. In the garbage trucks.
B. In front of their houses.
C. In the garbage bins in public places.
13. What color bins do Germans put pizza boxes into?
A. Gray ones. B. Blue ones. C. Yellow ones.
14. What does the speaker say about the garbage bags in Korea?
A. They are provided free of charge by the government.
B. Different districts have different official garbage bags.
C. The type of waste determines the price of the garbage bags.
15. What does the speaker mean in the end?
A. It’s hard for people to learn waste sorting.
B It needs everyone’s help to sort the waste well.
C. It’s difficult for people to gain benefits from waste sorting.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I’m moving into the new apartment next Thursday and I wonder if you could help.
— ______ . Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.
A. No kidding B. It depends C. Forget it D. You bet
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我下周四要搬进新公寓，不知道你能不能帮忙。——当然。告诉我时间，我会去的。A. No kidding别开玩笑；B. It depends视情况而定；C. Forget it 没关系；算了；D. You bet当然；肯定的。由“Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.”可知，对方同意帮忙。因此空格处是“当然；肯定的”。故选D项。
2. Most of the educators are ______ providing more freedom to the teenagers, as it may make them more creative and independent.
A. in favour of B. in search of C. in charge of D. in need of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：大多数教育家都赞成为青少年提供更多的自由，因为这可能会使他们更有创造力和独立性。A.in favour of 支持，赞成；B.in search of 搜寻；C.in charge of 负责；D.in need of需要。根据“as it may make them more creative and independent”可知，这里应表示教育家都“赞成”给青少年更多的自由。故选A项。
3. It’s true ______ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
A. how B. why C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和that引导的主语从句。句意：内在美确实很重要，但是外在美也不应该被完全忽视。A. how怎样；到何种地步；以任何方式；B. why为什么；C. that多么；如此…以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；D. what 什么。分析句子结构可知空处应填主语从句引导词，从句结构完整，结合句意应填that，It is true that...“……确实；诚然”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的的主语。故选C项。。
4. Mary said I could use her computer while mine ______ .
A. repaired B. was repairing C. would be repaired D. was being repaired
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：玛丽说我的电脑在修的时候我可以用她的电脑。A. repaired修了；B. was repairing正在修；C. would be repaired将要被修；D. was being repaired过去正在被修。分析句子结构可知空处应填while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，此时的while意为“在……期间；当……时候”，表示动作的进行或状态的延续，结合句意可知动作发生在过去，应用过去进行时，电脑与repair之间为被动关系，所以应用过去进行时的被动语态。故选D。
5. Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A. contribute B. pay C. link D. attach
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长们认为教育非常重要。他们将尽全力去给他们的孩子们这个无价的礼物。A.contribute贡献；B.pay付款；C.link联系；D.attach把…附加上。attach importance to sth表“重视某事”,为固定短语。故选A项。
6. Inspired by dolphins, people have learnt how to send signals underwater, ______ is currently employed in tsunami early-warning systems.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：受海豚的启发，人们已经学会了如何在水下发送信号，这目前被用于海啸预警系统。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处应填非限制性定语引导词，先行词是空前主句的内容，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故选A。
7. The professor could tell by the _________ look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从玛丽亚 毫无表情的的眼神中，教授可以看出她对他的讲座一个字也没听懂。A.cold 冷的；B. blank 空白的，毫无表情；C. innocent 无辜的；D. fresh新鲜的。分析可知，形容词blank符合句意，修饰名词look 作定语。故选B项。
8. At night, the heat ______ by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable temperature inside.
A. absorbing B. absorbed C. having absorbed D. to absorb
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，使室内温度舒适。分析句子可知，此句谓语动词为warms，所以此空应填非谓语动词，且the heat 和absorb为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作定语修饰the heat。故选B项。
9. — Why did she ______ your invitation to the party?
— She had an essay to finish that evening.
A. break up B. turn down C. find out D. withdraw from
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——她为什么拒绝了你的聚会邀请？——她那天晚上要写一篇文章。A. break up放假；B. turn down拒绝；C. find out发现；D. withdraw from退出。由“She had an essay to finish that evening”可知，她那天晚上要写一篇文章，所以她拒绝了聚会邀请，空格处意为“拒绝”，故选B。
10. — Long time no see! What are you doing these days, Johnson?
— We have been preparing for the ______ of a new advertising campaign next month.
A. release B. ambition C. launch D. connection
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——好久不见！你最近在干什么，约翰逊？——我们一直在为下个月要推出的一个新的广告宣传活动做准备。A. release释放；发行；排放；B. ambition 追求；理想；雄心；野心；C. launch发射；发起；D. connection联系。由语意可知约翰他们下个月要发起一场广告宣传活动，所以最近才很忙。故选C项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Kid as he is, Obocho Peters is already a role model to his community.
The boy dreams of giving ____11____ families a better life, especially when it ____12____ education. And he is making it happen through a ( n ) ____13____ he started two years ago. The wheels began turning in Obocho’s ____14____ after he saw the movie Avengers: Infinity War. He asked his mum to buy him ____15____ of the characters. ____16____ , she couldn’t afford them. Then Obocho decided to ____17____ his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself. He also began wondering how he could make a ____18____ in his community.
“ When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____19____ that other families must face these _____20_____ problems when taking care of their children, ” Obocho wrote. “ That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community _____21_____ . ”
He started Obocho’s Closet, a shop that sells donated pieces of clothing for $10 and under. It started as an online store but after _____22_____ more than $10,000 on an online fundraising platform, Obocho opened a physical _____23_____ this year on his birthday. His main _____24_____ is to provide families with _____25_____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to _____26_____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.
In June 2019, Obocho was _____27_____ “ Heroes of the Month ” for his great _____28_____ to his community. What a smart, _____29_____ kid! We can only _____30_____ all the great things Obocho will go on to accomplish.
11. A. happy B. familiar C. poor D. large
12. A. comes to B. belongs to C. focuses on D. speaks of
13. A. effort B. affair C. fortune D. business
14. A. head B. eyes C. mouth D. hands
15. A. clothes B. toys C. books D. medals
16. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. However
17. A. make B. design C. sell D. donate
18. A. choice B. difference C. decision D. living
19. A. realized B. evaluated C. announced D. stressed
20 A. unfinished B. normal C. same D. unexpected
21. A. spread B. unite C. widen D. grow
22. A. collecting B. sparing C. donating D. losing
23. A. project B. store C. investment D. community
24. A. sense B. detail C. goal D. reason
25. A. convenient B. affordable C. unusual D. informal
26. A. support B. receive C. contact D. attend
27. A. suggested B. shown C. respected D. awarded
28. A. reaction B. indifference C. contributions D. preference
29. A. patient B. caring C. honest D. lucky
30. A. find B. know C. suspect D. imagine
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩Obocho Peters通过开办一家旧衣服商店赚钱来帮助自己的社区逐渐发展的故事。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩梦想着给贫困家庭更好的生活，尤其是当谈到教育时。A. happy高兴的；幸福的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. poor贫穷的；D. large大的。根据下一段的“When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____9____ that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children, ”可知男孩想帮助那些贫穷的家庭。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个男孩梦想着给贫困家庭更好的生活，尤其是当谈到教育时。A. comes to达到，谈到；B. belongs to属于；C. focuses on专注于；D. speaks of谈到。根据空前的“when it”可知此处是固定句型when it comes to“当谈到……时”。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在通过两年前开始的一项生意来实现这一目标。A. effort努力；B.事情，事件；C. fortune运气，命运；D. business商业，买卖。根据后文“That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community____11____ .”可知两年前这个男孩开始了做生意。故选D项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Obocho看完电影《复仇者们：无限战争》后，他开始思考。A. head头；B. eyes眼睛；C. mouth嘴；D. hands手。根据后文“He also began wondering how he could make a ____8____ in his community.”可知他开始思考一些事情。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让他的妈妈给他买这些角色的玩具。 A. clothes衣服；B. toys玩具；C. books书；D. medals奖牌。根据后文“Then Obocho decided to ____7____ his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself.”可知Obocho想要电影里面人物的玩具。故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她买不起这些玩具。A. Besides 此外；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据空后的“she couldn’t afford them.”可知虽然Obocho想要玩具，但是妈妈没钱买，前后是转折关系。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Obocho决定卖掉他的旧衣服，这样他就可以自己买玩具了。A. make制作，使变得；B. design设计；C. sell出售；D. donate捐赠。根据后文“his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself.”可知他决定卖掉自己的旧衣服，然后用得到的钱买玩具。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也开始想他如何改变他的社区。A. choice选择；B. difference不同；C. decision决定；D. living生活。根据后文“When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____9____ that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children, ” Obocho wrote. “ That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community ____11____ .””可知Obocho希望通过个人的努力来帮助他的社区。短语make a difference“对……有影响；使不同”。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈和我分享她的困难时，我意识到其他家庭在照顾孩子时也会面临同样的问题。A. realized意识到；B. evaluated评估；C. announced宣告；D. stressed强调。根据空后“that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children,”可知Obocho意识到了其他家庭也会面临同样的问题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈和我分享她的困难时，我意识到其他家庭在照顾孩子时也会面临同样的问题。A. unfinished 未完成的；B. normal正常的；C. same相同的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据空后“that other families must face these”以及 “problems when taking care of their children,”可知是Obocho意识到了其他家庭的同样的问题。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个想法变成了我为了帮助社区发展而拥有的这份生意。A. spread传播，蔓延；B. unite团结；C.widen拓宽；D. grow 成长，生长。根据“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to ____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho所做的一切是为了促进社区的成长和发展。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它一开始是一家在线商店，但在一个在线筹款平台上筹集了1万多美元后，他在今年生日那天开了一家实体店。A. collecting收集；B. sparing抽出，拨出；留出；C. donating捐赠；D. losing失去。根据空后的“more than $10,000 on an online fundraising platform,”可知是在平台上筹到了钱。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一开始是一家在线商店，但在一个在线筹款平台上筹集了1万多美元后，他在今年生日那天开了一家实体店。A. project工程，项目；B. store商店；C. investment投资；D. community社区。根据前文“It started as an online store”以及“Obocho opened a physical”可知Obocho有开了一家实体店。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的主要目标是为一些家庭提供可负担得起的选择，这样他们就可以为大学资金省钱。A. sense感觉；B. detail细节；C. goal目标；D. reason原因。根据空后“to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金).”可知他做这些是为了帮助一些家庭能省出孩子们上大学的费用，所以这是他的目标。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的主要目标是为家庭提供可负担得起的选择，这样他们就可以为大学资金省钱。A. convenient方便的；B. affordable 承担得起的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. informal非正式的。根据后文“so that they can save money for college funds (资金).”可知男孩希望通过这种方式帮助贫困家庭为孩子的大学费用省钱。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还用所挣到的一些钱来支持当地的一些金融课程，在那里家长们学习预算、储蓄和使用信用卡。A. support支持；帮助；B. receive收到；C. contact联系；联络；D. attend参加。根据空前的“He also uses some of the money earned to”可知他也用赚来的钱来帮助一些可以促进家长们学习的金融课程。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，Obocho因对社区的伟大贡献被授予“月度英雄”。A. suggested建议，表明；B. shown 表现出，上演；C. respected尊重；D. awarded授予。根据空后““Heroes of the Month ” for his great ____18____ to his community.”可知男孩被授予了“月度英雄奖”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，Obocho因对社区的伟大贡献被授予“月度英雄”。A. reaction反应；B. indifference冷漠；C. contributions贡献；D. preference 偏好，偏爱。根据上文“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho对社区作出了巨大的贡献。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么聪明、有爱心的孩子！A. patient有耐心的；B. caring有爱心的；C. honest诚实的；D. lucky幸运的。根据前文“He also began wondering how he could make a ____8____ in his community.”以及“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to ____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho很有爱心。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只能想象Obocho将继续完成的所有伟大的事情。A. find发现，找到 ；B. know认识，知道；C. suspect怀疑；D. imagine想象。根据空前的“What a smart, ____19____ kid!”及“only”以及空后的“all the great things Obocho will go on to accomplish.”可知对于聪明且有爱心的Obocho要完成的事情我们只能努力去想象。故选D项。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you like watching documentaries? If you do, here are some you might be interested in.
Tiny World
If you’re a fan of the often-overlooked small species, then this series on the “ tiny heroes ” is for you. Written by Planet Earth II’s show runner Tom Hugh-Jones, Tiny World is narrated (讲述) by Paul Rudd, who played the superhero Ant-Man in the Marvel films. More than 200 species were filmed over the course of nearly a decade. The majority of filming took place in the wild. The first six episodes (集) are available now. The remaining six episodes will be released next year.
Night on Earth
What do animals get up to while we’re sleeping in bed? Using new low-light camera technology, this six-part series, another documentary from the producer of Planet Earth II, reveals the night-time behaviour of creatures across the globe, from urban otters moving through city streets to the whale sharks that exist in the depths of our dark oceans.
Extinction: The Facts
From the start, it’s clear that this Attenborough documentary is going to be a tough and emotional watch. The programme follows on from a 2019 UN report, which showed that a million species face extinction. Following on from presenting Climate Change The Facts last year, Sir David Attenborough’s latest hard-hitting documentary looks at the crisis of biodiversity (生物多样性) loss.
Virunga
Virunga is titled after Virunga National Park in Congo — “ one of the most biologically diverse areas on the planet ” , according to the park’s website, and home to an endangered group of mountain gorillas. This Netflix documentary not only aims to capture the wildlife in the national park, but also the dedication of teams aiming to protect it.
31. What role does Paul Rudd play in Tiny World?
A. He appeared as a superhero. B. He filmed the small species.
C. He tells what’s happening in the film. D. He creates stories about the “ tiny heroes ” .
32. Which documentary will you watch if you’re interested in animals’ life at night?
A. Tiny World. B. Night on Earth.
C. Extinction: The Facts. D. Virunga.
33. What does Extinction: The Facts focus on?
A. Small animals. B. Endangered species.
C. Humans’ emotions. D. Climate change.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几部让人感兴趣的纪录片。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tiny World部分中的“Written by Planet Earth II’s show runner Tom Hugh-Jones, Tiny World is narrated (讲述) by Paul Rudd, who played the superhero Ant-Man in the Marvel films.(《小世界》由《地球II》的节目制片人Tom Hugh-Jones编剧，由在漫威电影中扮演超级英雄蚁人的Paul Rudd讲述。)”可知，Paul Rudd讲述了电影 Tiny World的内容。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Night on Earth部分中的“Using new low-light camera technology, this six-part series, another documentary from the producer of Planet Earth II, reveals the night-time behaviour of creatures across the globe.(利用新的低光照相机技术，这部六集的系列电影，是另一部来自《地球II》制片人的纪录片，揭示了全球生物的夜间行为。)”可知，如果你对夜间的动物生活感兴趣，你可以看纪录片Night on Earth。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据Extinction: The Facts部分的“Following on from presenting Climate Change The Facts last year, Sir David Attenborough’s latest hard-hitting documentary looks at the crisis of biodiversity (生物多样性) loss.( 继去年呈现气候变化的事实之后，Sir David Attenborough最新的热门纪录片讲述了生物多样性丧失的危机。)”可知，纪录片Extinction: The Facts主要关注的是濒危的物种。故选B项。
B
The Appalachian Trail winds some 2,190 miles across 14 states in the eastern US. Although it attracts thousands of serious hikers each spring, only one in four hikers completes the entire trail.
The Sutton family recently finished hiking the entire trail. They are a unique trio (三人组) as their son Harvey turned five on the trail, which makes him the youngest to complete the Appalachian Trail.
Josh and Carrie Sutton said they needed to take breaks from busy work called mini-retirements. “ We set the family goal of living a life with extraordinary stories. Doing things like hiking with a child on the Appalachian Trail gives you extraordinary stories, ” Josh Sutton said.
When Harvey turned three, they took him winter camping, and by the time he was four, the family completed a 50-mile hike, camping over six days. Seeing that Harvey developed a passion for hiking, they planned a thru-hike on the Appalachian Trail. Hiking from end to end is called a thru-hike and generally takes five to seven months to complete.
They hit the trail in Georgia on January 13, 2021. The first weeks were cold. The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress. They would wake up early each day, pack their gear (装备), and then start walking. As they had many miles to cover each day, they had to be inventive and started using imagination and Skittles (彩虹糖) as incentive for little Harvey.
The family completed their journey on August 9, 2021. Little Harvey learned to count all the way to 2,193, the total miles his little feet traveled, and a big number for someone who just started kindergarten. “ I will do it again because I like it so much, ” said Harvey.
Although the Suttons are now back home, they have incredible memories of this mini-retirement. The journey is a life-changing experience for the Sutton family and is an inspiration for families who dream of taking a similar journey.
34. What’s special about the Sutton family hiking the Appalachian Trail?
A. Their young son’s participation. B. Their rich experience in hiking.
C. Their great love for adventure. D. Their ways to get rid of busy life.
35. What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Motivation. B. Information. C. Evidence. D. Suggestion.
36. Which of the following can best describe their journey?
A. Tiring and boring. B. Relaxing and pleasant.
C. Dangerous but exciting. D. Challenging but meaningful.
37. What can we learn from Harvey’s story?
A. More haste, less speed. B. Chances favor the prepared mind.
C. We should think twice before acting. D. We should dream big and start small.
【答案】34. A 35. A 36. D 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是萨顿一家徒步阿巴拉契亚山道的故事。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“They are a unique trio as their son Harvey turned five on the trail, which makes him the youngest to complete the Appalachian Trail.(他们是一个独特的三人组，他们的儿子哈维已经5岁了，这使他成为完成阿巴拉契亚山道的最小的孩子。)”可知，萨顿一家徒步阿巴拉契亚山道的特别之处在于他们年幼的儿子的参与。故选A。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress.(路上冰雪覆盖，天气又常常阴云密布，所以他们走得很慢。)”可知，路不好走，再根据“As they had many miles to cover each day, they had to be inventive and started using imagination and Skittles(由于每天要走很远的路，他们必须发挥创造力，开始使用想象和彩虹糖)”可知，他们用糖来激励年幼的儿子前行，incentive的意思是“动力，诱因”，和motivation意思相近，故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress.(路上冰雪覆盖，天气又常常阴云密布，所以他们走得很慢。)”可知路不好走，旅程是有挑战性的，即challenging；再根据最后一段的“The journey is a life-changing experience for the Sutton family and is an inspiration for families who dream of taking a similar journey.(这段旅程对萨顿一家来说是一次改变生活的经历，也激励了那些梦想着进行类似旅程的家庭。)”可知，他们的旅程是有意义的，即meaningful，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Little Harvey learned to count all the way to 2,193, the total miles his little feet traveled, and a big number for someone who just started kindergarten.(小哈维学会了一路数到2193，这是他的小脚走的总里程，对于一个刚上幼儿园的人来说，这是一个很大的数字。)”可知，Harvey虽然年纪小，但是却一步一步地完成了阿巴拉契亚山道的徒步旅行，因此我们能从哈维的故事中学到我们要有大梦想，从小做起。故选D。
C
Motion picture, also called film or movie, series of sill photographs on film, projected in rapid succession onto a screen by means of light. This new art form became one of the most popular and influential media of the 20th century and beyond. In early twentieth-century France, a new form of entertainment was becoming a hit—motion pictures. People crowded into theatres for short, silent, black-and-white films that showed everyday happenings, such as a train pulling into a station. These images were dimly projected onto white sheets. Usually, there was no sound. Occasionally, men at pianos played music to match the scenes.
Later, with the introduction of colour and sound, the silent film soon disappeared. Colour and sound introduced a new world into the cinema and steadily grew more effective. It can be used to produce a powerful dramatic impression. Moving images at theatres are now no longer novel, but back at the beginning of the art form, surprises lurked around every corner. During the initial showings of basic silent movies, some people in the audience screamed in fear, reacting to what they saw as if it were happening in real life. Moviegoers were known to even leap out of their seats due to the trains on the screen. At that time, few people understood what motion pictures were, so audience members could easily be fooled.
Today, people crowd into theatres for the latest 3D movies. Even older movies, such as the popular Star Wars series, are being re-released in 3D. Moviemakers are excited about the ability to involve the audience more directly in the story or film. In addition, theatres invest tens of thousands of dollars on high-quality audio systems so that everything from the safest whispers to the largest explosions sounds clear and realistic. Sound, dialogue, and music are used in combination not only with one another but also with the visual image. They can overlap and vary in intensity in a flexible and complex pattern with those high-quality audio systems.
What will movies be like 100 years from now? Will audience be able to smell scents in the films, taste the food that characters are eating, or even become part of the stories themselves? Only time will tell.
38. What can we know about the motion pictures in early 20th century France?
A. They were in color.
B. They were the main form of entertainment.
C. They greatly appealed to people then.
D. They often had background music.
39. Why did the moviegoers leap out of their seats?
A. Because the movies were too scary.
B. Because they didn't see trains in real life.
C. Because the old theaters were too crowded.
D. Because audiences were unfamiliar with the movies.
40. Why do theatres spend a lot on high-quality audio systems?
A. To re-release more old movies.
B. To develop movie-making technologies.
C. To improve movie-goers' experience.
D. To make the explosions safe.
41. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain how realistic movies are today.
B. To tell something about future movie plans.
C. To introduce the history of movie technology.
D. To compare movie theatres over the last century.
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. C 41. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影技术的发展历史。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“In early twentieth-century France, a new form of entertainment was becoming a hit—motion pictures. People crowded into theatres for short, silent, black-and-white films that showed everyday happenings, such as a train pulling into a station.”（20世纪初，法国一种新的娱乐形式正成为一种热门——电影。人们挤进剧院，看一部简短、无声、黑白相间的电影，这些电影展示了日常发生的事情，比如火车驶入车站）可知，20世纪初，在法国，电影作为一种新的娱乐形式很受人们欢迎以至于人们挤进剧院看它，说明电影对人们很有吸引力。故选C项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“During the initial showings of basic silent movies, some people in the audience screamed in fear, reacting to what they saw as if it were happening in real life. Moviegoers were known to even leap out of their seats due to the trains on the screen. At that time, few people understood what motion pictures were, so audience members could easily be fooled.”（在最初放映无声电影的时候，观众中的一些人吓得尖叫起来，对他们所看到的一切做出反应，就好像这一切发生在现实生活中一样。据了解，电影观众甚至因为屏幕上的火车而跳出座位。当时，很少有人了解电影是什么，所以观众很容易被愚弄）可知，由于当时观众对电影是什么不熟悉，以为电影里发生的事是真的，所以会做出在现实里会做出的反应，如看到火车就跑开，因此观众会跳出座位是因为观众对电影不熟悉。故选D项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Moviemakers are excited about the ability to involve the audience more directly in the story or film. In addition, theatres invest tens of thousands of dollars on high-quality audio systems so that everything from the safest whispers to the largest explosions sounds clear and realistic.”（甚至是一些老电影，比如《星球大战》系列电影也在3D中重新上映，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋。此外，剧院还投入数万美元购买高质量的音响系统，这样从最安全的低语到最大的爆炸声听起来都清晰而现实）可知，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋，所以投入巨资买高质量的音响系统，让观众听到的各种声音在安全范围内都清晰而现实，以便让观众投入与电影中，有更好的观影体验，所以买高质量的音响系统是为了提高影迷的体验。故选C项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。第一段引入“电影这种新的艺术形式，开始是无声黑白电影”，第二段讲“有声色彩电影出现了”，第三段讲“3D电影的出现，影院的高质量的音响系统让观众有更好的观影体验”，最后一段“向读者提出疑问——100年后电影会是什么样子？，并畅想了这种电影是什么样子”，可知文章讲了最初的无声黑白电影，之后的有声色彩电影以及后来的3D，这主要介绍了电影的发展历史，因此作者写这篇文章的目的是C项“介绍电影技术的发展历史”。故选C项。
D
Is changing answers in your test a good idea?
Maybe you can answer a question in seconds. However, do not just trust your first instinct (直觉) in a test. Instincts are not about finding the truth. They are about survival. Your brain doesn’t think through most stuff in life. It just uses shortcuts (捷径) to fool yourself into thinking you know.
Do you remember how it felt to be learning something new? At first it could be complicated. There were hundreds of details that your brain needed to look out for. When you’re learning anything new, your brain is working overtime. Now imagine how you feel doing that new thing you learned before. It gets easier, right? Stuff gets easier because the brain starts creating shortcuts for decision making.
When you’re taking a test, these shortcuts are usually your first instincts. If you see an answer that instantly looks related to the question, then your brain is going to start ringing alarm bells ( “ This might be it ” ). The logical part of your brain hasn’t even come into the station and the conductor is screaming, “ All aboard! ”
Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. You are going to end up right more often than you end up wrong.
“ But my experience says otherwise! ” That’s because your experience is just another shortcut. When you’re examining your completed test, your brain probably has a shortcut of looking at your wrong answers and skipping the ones you got right. The bright red pen will direct you straight to your problem areas. That means you’re probably not getting a fair representation of your results.
When you get an answer wrong because you changed your answer, you will probably notice it. It will stand out. The bright red circle just pulls your brain in. It forces your attention to it. Since it’s a question you probably spent a minute or two on, you’ll remember why you got it wrong. When you get an answer right because you changed your answer, the opposite happens. There are no red circles directing your attention to how awesomely smart thinking twice was. It will just slide unnoticed while you let your eyes wander over other red marked areas you need to think about.
42. What will happen when you learn something new?
A. Your brain will look out for a lot of things. B. Your first instinct will play a part.
C. Your brain will create shortcuts. D. Your work time will increase.
43. How does your first instinct work in a test?
A It stops you thinking logically. B. It replaces the function of logic.
C. It helps you find the right answer. D. It fools you into getting a quick answer.
44. Which of the following is TRUE according to students' experience?
A. They shouldn’t trust their first instincts.
B. Shortcuts make a difference in their tests.
C. They usually change right answers to wrong ones.
D. Changing answers is a good idea of getting higher scores.
45. What’s the author’s attitude toward changing answers in a test?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Unclear.
【答案】42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就是否应该在考试中改答案进行了分析说明。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Do you remember how it felt to be learning something new? At first it could be complicated. There were hundreds of details that your brain needed to look out for.(你还记得学习新东西的感觉吗？起初可能很复杂。你的大脑需要注意数百个细节。)”可知，当你学习新东西时，你的大脑要注意很多事情。故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“When you’re taking a test, these shortcuts are usually your first instincts. If you see an answer that instantly looks related to the question, then your brain is going to start ringing alarm bells ( “ This might be it ” ). The logical part of your brain hasn’t even come into the station and the conductor is screaming, “ All aboard! ”(当你参加考试时，这些捷径通常是你的第一直觉。如果你看到一个答案立即看起来与这个问题有关，那么你的大脑就会开始敲响警钟——“可能就是这样”。你大脑中合乎逻辑的部分甚至还没有进入车站，售票员在尖叫，“都上车了！”)”可知，第一直觉在逻辑思考进入前就让你选择答案，所以它会愚弄你快速作答。故选D项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段“Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. You are going to end up right more often than you end up wrong.(改变你的答案就是让你大脑的逻辑部分掌握方向。你的结局往往是对得多，而不是错得多。)”以及第六段““But my experience says otherwise! ”(但根据我的经验，情况并非如此！)可知，原本情况是你应该对得多，而不是错得多，但据学生经验反映，实际情况恰恰相反：经常把正确的改错。故选C项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. (改变你的答案就是让你大脑的逻辑部分掌控方向盘。)”以及最后一段“When you get an answer right because you changed your answer, the opposite happens. There are no red circles directing your attention to how awesomely smart thinking twice was. It will just slide unnoticed while you let your eyes wander over other red marked areas you need to think about.(当你因为改变了答案而得到正确的答案时，相反的情况发生了。没有红色圆圈将你的注意力引导到“两次思考”是多么的聪明。当你的眼睛在你需要思考的其他红色标记区域徘徊时，它只会悄悄溜走。)”可知，作者是赞成改答案的。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共25分）
第一部分 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读表达
Steve and Joanna have lived on the remote Bardsey Islanda major British nature reserve, since 2007. They moved there by responding to an advertisement looking for a family to run the island’s farm.
“ The children had loved holidays here and had no doubt about island life. But Steve and I wondered whether we could cope, being the only inhabitants in such a remote place, ” recalls Joanna “ But the role and place fitted us. ” The couple’s strong faith gives them a deep connection with the island.
Their life is demanding with just two of them managing the island’s farm, 30 cows and fragile ecosystems. Joanna also works for the RSPB Wildlife Charity and tries to grow enough vegetables to keep them self-sufficient. In general Joanna and Steve’s lives are a cycle of alternating solitude and interaction (孤独与互动的交替) “ In spring and summer the island becomes very busy with visitors, and I’m growing vegetables to sell and working in our café. By autumn I’m looking forward to winter. I long for some peace and privacy, and I love having time to be creative ” says Joanna.
Bardsey’s population doubled last Christmas when a second couple moved into the island — to look after the bird observatory “ We have each other round for meals and help each other out, ” says Joanna. “ It’s been lovely. Many people choose island life for similar reasons — whether it’s to escape the stress of big city life or its in search of new opportunities like starting a business. That tends to bring the community together. ”
“ I read somewhere that islands can either free you or become your prison ” Joanna concludes. “ We feel so privileged to live on Bardsey and be free to be who we are. I find myself more relaxed and less stressed living here. ”
46. Why did Steve and Joanna live on the remote Bardsey Islanda? ( no more than 10 words )
47. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? ( no more than 10 words )
48. What does “ that trends ” in Paragraph 4 refer to? ( no more than 15 words )
49. How does living on the island benefit Bardsey? ( no more than 15 words )
50. Would you like to live on a remote place? Give your reason. ( no more than 20 words )
【答案】46. To run the island’s farm ( in response to an advertisement ).
47. What the couple do on the island.
48. To escape the stress of big city life or look for new opportunities.
49. He finds himself more relaxed and less stressed by living there.
或 He is / feels free to be himself/who he is on the island.
或 He feels free relaxed/less stressed when living there.
50. 言之有理即可。例如：I’d like to live on a remote place because I love the quiet time. There’s no noise or stress, only nature.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了史蒂夫和乔安娜远离城市的喧嚣，一直生活在偏远的巴德西岛，并且越来越多的人选择海岛生活。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“They moved there by responding to an advertisement looking for a family to run the island’s farm.( 他们是根据一则寻找经营岛上农场的家庭的广告搬到那里的。)”可知，史蒂夫和乔安娜住在遥远的巴德西岛上，是为响应一则广告而经营岛上的农场。故答案为To run the island’s farm ( in response to an advertisement ).
【47题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据文章第二段“The children had loved holidays here and had no doubt about island life. But Steve and I wondered whether we could cope, being the only inhabitants in such a remote place, ” recalls Joanna “ But the role and place fitted us. ”(“孩子们喜欢在这里度假，对岛上的生活毫不怀疑。但史蒂夫和我在想，作为这么偏远的地方唯一的居民，我们是否能应付得过来。”乔安娜回忆道，“但这个角色和地方很适合我们。”)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们这对夫妇在岛上做什么。故答案为What the couple do on the island.
【48题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据文章第四段划线词前句“Many people choose island life for similar reasons — whether it’s to escape the stress of big city life or its in search of new opportunities like starting a business. (许多人选择海岛生活的原因与此类似——无论是为了逃避大城市生活的压力，还是为了寻找创业等新机会。)”可知，that trends指代的是前句中的“为了逃避大城市生活的压力或寻找新的机会”。故答案为To escape the stress of big city life or look for new opportunities.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“I find myself more relaxed and less stressed living here. (我发现住在这里更放松，压力更小。)”可知，他发现住在那里更放松，压力更小了。故答案为He finds himself more relaxed and less stressed by living there.或 He is / feels free to be himself/who he is on the island.或 He feels free, relaxed/less stressed when living there.
【50题详解】
开放题。考生言之有理则可，注意答案词数。参考答案为I’d like to live on a remote place because I love the quiet time. There’s no noise or stress, only nature.
第二部分 书面表达（满分15分）
51. 假设你是晨光中学的李津，你校高二年级将组织团队参加区里中学生英语能力竞赛，请你给负责预选赛的外教老师Mr. Black写一封信，请求参加预选赛，内容包括：
1)写信的目的;
2)自我推荐(自己的优势，语言能力，比赛经验等);
3)期待答复。
参考词汇：英语能力竞赛 English Proficiency Contest
注意：
(1)词数不少于100;
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Black,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Mr. Black,
I’m Li Jin who is writing a letter for the upcoming English Proficiency Contest for Middle School Students which will be held in our district.
As everyone knows, I have won many championships in the area. There is no doubt that I am outstanding when it comes to English ability. Meanwhile, I have been equipping myself with knowledge in various fields and will make the most of it when necessary. In other words, not only am I a qualified English learner, but also I’m knowledgeable, making me a potential competitor. Therefore, I’m convinced that I am qualified to participate in the competition.
How I wish I could be given the golden opportunity to improve my English! Your early reply will be highly appreciated!
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责预选赛的外教老师Mr. Black写一封信，请求参加学校高二年级将要组织的区中学生英语能力竞赛预选赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefore→hence
相信的：convinced→sure
参加： participate in→take part in
充分利用：make the most of→make the best of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Your early reply will be highly appreciated!
拓展句：I would appreciate it if you could reply earlier!
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is no doubt that I am outstanding when it comes to English ability.(使用了that引导的同位语从句。)
【高分句型2】In other words, not only am I a qualified English learner, but also I’m knowledgeable, making me a potential competitor.(使用了部分倒装和现在分词短语作状语。)
听力答案：1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B
天津市和平区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（共75分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How does the woman feel?
A. Uninterested. B. Surprised. C. Annoyed.
2. Where are probably the speakers?
A. In the photo studio. B. In the classroom. C. In the library.
3. Who might the woman be?
A. A driver. B. A receptionist. C. A policewoman.
4. What will the woman do first?
A. Finish her homework.
B. Pick up her brother.
C Go to the party.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Baker and customer.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. How to stay focused.
B. How to prepare for a test.
C. How to finish things in time.
7. Who is Jeff?
A. The girl’s cousin. B. The man’s child. C. The girl’s pet.
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the classroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In the study.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。
9. How many people will see the film together?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He enjoys horror films.
B. He doesn’t like comedies.
C. He is fond of science fiction films.
11. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:00 p.m. B. At 7:30 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至第15小题。
12. Where do Indonesians usually put their trash?
A. In the garbage trucks.
B. In front of their houses.
C. In the garbage bins in public places.
13. What color bins do Germans put pizza boxes into?
A. Gray ones. B. Blue ones. C. Yellow ones.
14. What does the speaker say about the garbage bags in Korea?
A. They are provided free of charge by the government.
B. Different districts have different official garbage bags.
C. The type of waste determines the price of the garbage bags.
15. What does the speaker mean in the end?
A. It’s hard for people to learn waste sorting.
B It needs everyone’s help to sort the waste well.
C. It’s difficult for people to gain benefits from waste sorting.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I’m moving into the new apartment next Thursday and I wonder if you could help.
— ______ . Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.
A. No kidding B. It depends C. Forget it D. You bet
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我下周四要搬进新公寓，不知道你能不能帮忙。——当然。告诉我时间，我会去的。A. No kidding别开玩笑；B. It depends视情况而定；C. Forget it 没关系；算了；D. You bet当然；肯定的。由“Just let me know when, and I’ll be there.”可知，对方同意帮忙。因此空格处是“当然；肯定的”。故选D项。
2. Most of the educators are ______ providing more freedom to the teenagers, as it may make them more creative and independent.
A. in favour of B. in search of C. in charge of D. in need of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：大多数教育家都赞成为青少年提供更多的自由，因为这可能会使他们更有创造力和独立性。A.in favour of 支持，赞成；B.in search of 搜寻；C.in charge of 负责；D.in need of需要。根据“as it may make them more creative and independent”可知，这里应表示教育家都“赞成”给青少年更多的自由。故选A项。
3. It’s true ______ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
A. how B. why C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和that引导的主语从句。句意：内在美确实很重要，但是外在美也不应该被完全忽视。A. how怎样；到何种地步；以任何方式；B. why为什么；C. that多么；如此…以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；D. what 什么。分析句子结构可知空处应填主语从句引导词，从句结构完整，结合句意应填that，It is true that...“……确实；诚然”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的的主语。故选C项。。
4. Mary said I could use her computer while mine ______ .
A. repaired B. was repairing C. would be repaired D. was being repaired
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：玛丽说我的电脑在修的时候我可以用她的电脑。A. repaired修了；B. was repairing正在修；C. would be repaired将要被修；D. was being repaired过去正在被修。分析句子结构可知空处应填while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，此时的while意为“在……期间；当……时候”，表示动作的进行或状态的延续，结合句意可知动作发生在过去，应用过去进行时，电脑与repair之间为被动关系，所以应用过去进行时的被动语态。故选D。
5. Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.
A. contribute B. pay C. link D. attach
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长们认为教育非常重要。他们将尽全力去给他们的孩子们这个无价的礼物。A.contribute贡献；B.pay付款；C.link联系；D.attach把…附加上。attach importance to sth表“重视某事”,为固定短语。故选A项。
6. Inspired by dolphins, people have learnt how to send signals underwater, ______ is currently employed in tsunami early-warning systems.
A. which B. that C. who D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：受海豚的启发，人们已经学会了如何在水下发送信号，这目前被用于海啸预警系统。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处应填非限制性定语引导词，先行词是空前主句的内容，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故选A。
7. The professor could tell by the _________ look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从玛丽亚 毫无表情的的眼神中，教授可以看出她对他的讲座一个字也没听懂。A.cold 冷的；B. blank 空白的，毫无表情；C. innocent 无辜的；D. fresh新鲜的。分析可知，形容词blank符合句意，修饰名词look 作定语。故选B项。
8. At night, the heat ______ by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable temperature inside.
A. absorbing B. absorbed C. having absorbed D. to absorb
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量使冷空气变暖，使室内温度舒适。分析句子可知，此句谓语动词为warms，所以此空应填非谓语动词，且the heat 和absorb为被动关系，所以应用过去分词作定语修饰the heat。故选B项。
9. — Why did she ______ your invitation to the party?
— She had an essay to finish that evening.
A. break up B. turn down C. find out D. withdraw from
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——她为什么拒绝了你的聚会邀请？——她那天晚上要写一篇文章。A. break up放假；B. turn down拒绝；C. find out发现；D. withdraw from退出。由“She had an essay to finish that evening”可知，她那天晚上要写一篇文章，所以她拒绝了聚会邀请，空格处意为“拒绝”，故选B。
10. — Long time no see! What are you doing these days, Johnson?
— We have been preparing for the ______ of a new advertising campaign next month.
A. release B. ambition C. launch D. connection
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——好久不见！你最近在干什么，约翰逊？——我们一直在为下个月要推出的一个新的广告宣传活动做准备。A. release释放；发行；排放；B. ambition 追求；理想；雄心；野心；C. launch发射；发起；D. connection联系。由语意可知约翰他们下个月要发起一场广告宣传活动，所以最近才很忙。故选C项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26～45各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Kid as he is, Obocho Peters is already a role model to his community.
The boy dreams of giving ____11____ families a better life, especially when it ____12____ education. And he is making it happen through a ( n ) ____13____ he started two years ago. The wheels began turning in Obocho’s ____14____ after he saw the movie Avengers: Infinity War. He asked his mum to buy him ____15____ of the characters. ____16____ , she couldn’t afford them. Then Obocho decided to ____17____ his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself. He also began wondering how he could make a ____18____ in his community.
“ When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____19____ that other families must face these _____20_____ problems when taking care of their children, ” Obocho wrote. “ That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community _____21_____ . ”
He started Obocho’s Closet, a shop that sells donated pieces of clothing for $10 and under. It started as an online store but after _____22_____ more than $10,000 on an online fundraising platform, Obocho opened a physical _____23_____ this year on his birthday. His main _____24_____ is to provide families with _____25_____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to _____26_____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.
In June 2019, Obocho was _____27_____ “ Heroes of the Month ” for his great _____28_____ to his community. What a smart, _____29_____ kid! We can only _____30_____ all the great things Obocho will go on to accomplish.
11. A. happy B. familiar C. poor D. large
12. A. comes to B. belongs to C. focuses on D. speaks of
13. A. effort B. affair C. fortune D. business
14. A. head B. eyes C. mouth D. hands
15. A. clothes B. toys C. books D. medals
16. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. However
17. A. make B. design C. sell D. donate
18. A. choice B. difference C. decision D. living
19. A. realized B. evaluated C. announced D. stressed
20 A. unfinished B. normal C. same D. unexpected
21. A. spread B. unite C. widen D. grow
22. A. collecting B. sparing C. donating D. losing
23. A. project B. store C. investment D. community
24. A. sense B. detail C. goal D. reason
25. A. convenient B. affordable C. unusual D. informal
26. A. support B. receive C. contact D. attend
27. A. suggested B. shown C. respected D. awarded
28. A. reaction B. indifference C. contributions D. preference
29. A. patient B. caring C. honest D. lucky
30. A. find B. know C. suspect D. imagine
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了男孩Obocho Peters通过开办一家旧衣服商店赚钱来帮助自己的社区逐渐发展的故事。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩梦想着给贫困家庭更好的生活，尤其是当谈到教育时。A. happy高兴的；幸福的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. poor贫穷的；D. large大的。根据下一段的“When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____9____ that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children, ”可知男孩想帮助那些贫穷的家庭。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个男孩梦想着给贫困家庭更好的生活，尤其是当谈到教育时。A. comes to达到，谈到；B. belongs to属于；C. focuses on专注于；D. speaks of谈到。根据空前的“when it”可知此处是固定句型when it comes to“当谈到……时”。故选A项。
【13题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在通过两年前开始的一项生意来实现这一目标。A. effort努力；B.事情，事件；C. fortune运气，命运；D. business商业，买卖。根据后文“That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community____11____ .”可知两年前这个男孩开始了做生意。故选D项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Obocho看完电影《复仇者们：无限战争》后，他开始思考。A. head头；B. eyes眼睛；C. mouth嘴；D. hands手。根据后文“He also began wondering how he could make a ____8____ in his community.”可知他开始思考一些事情。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让他的妈妈给他买这些角色的玩具。 A. clothes衣服；B. toys玩具；C. books书；D. medals奖牌。根据后文“Then Obocho decided to ____7____ his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself.”可知Obocho想要电影里面人物的玩具。故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她买不起这些玩具。A. Besides 此外；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据空后的“she couldn’t afford them.”可知虽然Obocho想要玩具，但是妈妈没钱买，前后是转折关系。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Obocho决定卖掉他的旧衣服，这样他就可以自己买玩具了。A. make制作，使变得；B. design设计；C. sell出售；D. donate捐赠。根据后文“his old clothes so that he could buy the toys himself.”可知他决定卖掉自己的旧衣服，然后用得到的钱买玩具。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也开始想他如何改变他的社区。A. choice选择；B. difference不同；C. decision决定；D. living生活。根据后文“When my mum shared her hardship with me, I ____9____ that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children, ” Obocho wrote. “ That idea turned into the business I have today — to help the community ____11____ .””可知Obocho希望通过个人的努力来帮助他的社区。短语make a difference“对……有影响；使不同”。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈和我分享她的困难时，我意识到其他家庭在照顾孩子时也会面临同样的问题。A. realized意识到；B. evaluated评估；C. announced宣告；D. stressed强调。根据空后“that other families must face these ____10____ problems when taking care of their children,”可知Obocho意识到了其他家庭也会面临同样的问题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我妈妈和我分享她的困难时，我意识到其他家庭在照顾孩子时也会面临同样的问题。A. unfinished 未完成的；B. normal正常的；C. same相同的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据空后“that other families must face these”以及 “problems when taking care of their children,”可知是Obocho意识到了其他家庭的同样的问题。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个想法变成了我为了帮助社区发展而拥有的这份生意。A. spread传播，蔓延；B. unite团结；C.widen拓宽；D. grow 成长，生长。根据“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to ____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho所做的一切是为了促进社区的成长和发展。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它一开始是一家在线商店，但在一个在线筹款平台上筹集了1万多美元后，他在今年生日那天开了一家实体店。A. collecting收集；B. sparing抽出，拨出；留出；C. donating捐赠；D. losing失去。根据空后的“more than $10,000 on an online fundraising platform,”可知是在平台上筹到了钱。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它一开始是一家在线商店，但在一个在线筹款平台上筹集了1万多美元后，他在今年生日那天开了一家实体店。A. project工程，项目；B. store商店；C. investment投资；D. community社区。根据前文“It started as an online store”以及“Obocho opened a physical”可知Obocho有开了一家实体店。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的主要目标是为一些家庭提供可负担得起的选择，这样他们就可以为大学资金省钱。A. sense感觉；B. detail细节；C. goal目标；D. reason原因。根据空后“to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金).”可知他做这些是为了帮助一些家庭能省出孩子们上大学的费用，所以这是他的目标。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的主要目标是为家庭提供可负担得起的选择，这样他们就可以为大学资金省钱。A. convenient方便的；B. affordable 承担得起的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. informal非正式的。根据后文“so that they can save money for college funds (资金).”可知男孩希望通过这种方式帮助贫困家庭为孩子的大学费用省钱。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还用所挣到的一些钱来支持当地的一些金融课程，在那里家长们学习预算、储蓄和使用信用卡。A. support支持；帮助；B. receive收到；C. contact联系；联络；D. attend参加。根据空前的“He also uses some of the money earned to”可知他也用赚来的钱来帮助一些可以促进家长们学习的金融课程。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，Obocho因对社区的伟大贡献被授予“月度英雄”。A. suggested建议，表明；B. shown 表现出，上演；C. respected尊重；D. awarded授予。根据空后““Heroes of the Month ” for his great ____18____ to his community.”可知男孩被授予了“月度英雄奖”。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2019年6月，Obocho因对社区的伟大贡献被授予“月度英雄”。A. reaction反应；B. indifference冷漠；C. contributions贡献；D. preference 偏好，偏爱。根据上文“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho对社区作出了巨大的贡献。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么聪明、有爱心的孩子！A. patient有耐心的；B. caring有爱心的；C. honest诚实的；D. lucky幸运的。根据前文“He also began wondering how he could make a ____8____ in his community.”以及“His main ____14____ is to provide families with ____15____ choices so that they can save money for college funds (资金). He also uses some of the money earned to ____16____ the local financial classes where parents learn about budgeting, saving and using credit cards.”可知Obocho很有爱心。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们只能想象Obocho将继续完成的所有伟大的事情。A. find发现，找到 ；B. know认识，知道；C. suspect怀疑；D. imagine想象。根据空前的“What a smart, ____19____ kid!”及“only”以及空后的“all the great things Obocho will go on to accomplish.”可知对于聪明且有爱心的Obocho要完成的事情我们只能努力去想象。故选D项。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you like watching documentaries? If you do, here are some you might be interested in.
Tiny World
If you’re a fan of the often-overlooked small species, then this series on the “ tiny heroes ” is for you. Written by Planet Earth II’s show runner Tom Hugh-Jones, Tiny World is narrated (讲述) by Paul Rudd, who played the superhero Ant-Man in the Marvel films. More than 200 species were filmed over the course of nearly a decade. The majority of filming took place in the wild. The first six episodes (集) are available now. The remaining six episodes will be released next year.
Night on Earth
What do animals get up to while we’re sleeping in bed? Using new low-light camera technology, this six-part series, another documentary from the producer of Planet Earth II, reveals the night-time behaviour of creatures across the globe, from urban otters moving through city streets to the whale sharks that exist in the depths of our dark oceans.
Extinction: The Facts
From the start, it’s clear that this Attenborough documentary is going to be a tough and emotional watch. The programme follows on from a 2019 UN report, which showed that a million species face extinction. Following on from presenting Climate Change The Facts last year, Sir David Attenborough’s latest hard-hitting documentary looks at the crisis of biodiversity (生物多样性) loss.
Virunga
Virunga is titled after Virunga National Park in Congo — “ one of the most biologically diverse areas on the planet ” , according to the park’s website, and home to an endangered group of mountain gorillas. This Netflix documentary not only aims to capture the wildlife in the national park, but also the dedication of teams aiming to protect it.
31. What role does Paul Rudd play in Tiny World?
A. He appeared as a superhero. B. He filmed the small species.
C. He tells what’s happening in the film. D. He creates stories about the “ tiny heroes ” .
32. Which documentary will you watch if you’re interested in animals’ life at night?
A. Tiny World. B. Night on Earth.
C. Extinction: The Facts. D. Virunga.
33. What does Extinction: The Facts focus on?
A. Small animals. B. Endangered species.
C. Humans’ emotions. D. Climate change.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几部让人感兴趣的纪录片。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tiny World部分中的“Written by Planet Earth II’s show runner Tom Hugh-Jones, Tiny World is narrated (讲述) by Paul Rudd, who played the superhero Ant-Man in the Marvel films.(《小世界》由《地球II》的节目制片人Tom Hugh-Jones编剧，由在漫威电影中扮演超级英雄蚁人的Paul Rudd讲述。)”可知，Paul Rudd讲述了电影 Tiny World的内容。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据Night on Earth部分中的“Using new low-light camera technology, this six-part series, another documentary from the producer of Planet Earth II, reveals the night-time behaviour of creatures across the globe.(利用新的低光照相机技术，这部六集的系列电影，是另一部来自《地球II》制片人的纪录片，揭示了全球生物的夜间行为。)”可知，如果你对夜间的动物生活感兴趣，你可以看纪录片Night on Earth。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据Extinction: The Facts部分的“Following on from presenting Climate Change The Facts last year, Sir David Attenborough’s latest hard-hitting documentary looks at the crisis of biodiversity (生物多样性) loss.( 继去年呈现气候变化的事实之后，Sir David Attenborough最新的热门纪录片讲述了生物多样性丧失的危机。)”可知，纪录片Extinction: The Facts主要关注的是濒危的物种。故选B项。
B
The Appalachian Trail winds some 2,190 miles across 14 states in the eastern US. Although it attracts thousands of serious hikers each spring, only one in four hikers completes the entire trail.
The Sutton family recently finished hiking the entire trail. They are a unique trio (三人组) as their son Harvey turned five on the trail, which makes him the youngest to complete the Appalachian Trail.
Josh and Carrie Sutton said they needed to take breaks from busy work called mini-retirements. “ We set the family goal of living a life with extraordinary stories. Doing things like hiking with a child on the Appalachian Trail gives you extraordinary stories, ” Josh Sutton said.
When Harvey turned three, they took him winter camping, and by the time he was four, the family completed a 50-mile hike, camping over six days. Seeing that Harvey developed a passion for hiking, they planned a thru-hike on the Appalachian Trail. Hiking from end to end is called a thru-hike and generally takes five to seven months to complete.
They hit the trail in Georgia on January 13, 2021. The first weeks were cold. The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress. They would wake up early each day, pack their gear (装备), and then start walking. As they had many miles to cover each day, they had to be inventive and started using imagination and Skittles (彩虹糖) as incentive for little Harvey.
The family completed their journey on August 9, 2021. Little Harvey learned to count all the way to 2,193, the total miles his little feet traveled, and a big number for someone who just started kindergarten. “ I will do it again because I like it so much, ” said Harvey.
Although the Suttons are now back home, they have incredible memories of this mini-retirement. The journey is a life-changing experience for the Sutton family and is an inspiration for families who dream of taking a similar journey.
34. What’s special about the Sutton family hiking the Appalachian Trail?
A. Their young son’s participation. B. Their rich experience in hiking.
C. Their great love for adventure. D. Their ways to get rid of busy life.
35. What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Motivation. B. Information. C. Evidence. D. Suggestion.
36. Which of the following can best describe their journey?
A. Tiring and boring. B. Relaxing and pleasant.
C. Dangerous but exciting. D. Challenging but meaningful.
37. What can we learn from Harvey’s story?
A. More haste, less speed. B. Chances favor the prepared mind.
C. We should think twice before acting. D. We should dream big and start small.
【答案】34. A 35. A 36. D 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是萨顿一家徒步阿巴拉契亚山道的故事。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“They are a unique trio as their son Harvey turned five on the trail, which makes him the youngest to complete the Appalachian Trail.(他们是一个独特的三人组，他们的儿子哈维已经5岁了，这使他成为完成阿巴拉契亚山道的最小的孩子。)”可知，萨顿一家徒步阿巴拉契亚山道的特别之处在于他们年幼的儿子的参与。故选A。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段的“The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress.(路上冰雪覆盖，天气又常常阴云密布，所以他们走得很慢。)”可知，路不好走，再根据“As they had many miles to cover each day, they had to be inventive and started using imagination and Skittles(由于每天要走很远的路，他们必须发挥创造力，开始使用想象和彩虹糖)”可知，他们用糖来激励年幼的儿子前行，incentive的意思是“动力，诱因”，和motivation意思相近，故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“The trail was icy and snow-covered, and the weather was often cloudy and bitter, so they made slow progress.(路上冰雪覆盖，天气又常常阴云密布，所以他们走得很慢。)”可知路不好走，旅程是有挑战性的，即challenging；再根据最后一段的“The journey is a life-changing experience for the Sutton family and is an inspiration for families who dream of taking a similar journey.(这段旅程对萨顿一家来说是一次改变生活的经历，也激励了那些梦想着进行类似旅程的家庭。)”可知，他们的旅程是有意义的，即meaningful，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Little Harvey learned to count all the way to 2,193, the total miles his little feet traveled, and a big number for someone who just started kindergarten.(小哈维学会了一路数到2193，这是他的小脚走的总里程，对于一个刚上幼儿园的人来说，这是一个很大的数字。)”可知，Harvey虽然年纪小，但是却一步一步地完成了阿巴拉契亚山道的徒步旅行，因此我们能从哈维的故事中学到我们要有大梦想，从小做起。故选D。
C
Motion picture, also called film or movie, series of sill photographs on film, projected in rapid succession onto a screen by means of light. This new art form became one of the most popular and influential media of the 20th century and beyond. In early twentieth-century France, a new form of entertainment was becoming a hit—motion pictures. People crowded into theatres for short, silent, black-and-white films that showed everyday happenings, such as a train pulling into a station. These images were dimly projected onto white sheets. Usually, there was no sound. Occasionally, men at pianos played music to match the scenes.
Later, with the introduction of colour and sound, the silent film soon disappeared. Colour and sound introduced a new world into the cinema and steadily grew more effective. It can be used to produce a powerful dramatic impression. Moving images at theatres are now no longer novel, but back at the beginning of the art form, surprises lurked around every corner. During the initial showings of basic silent movies, some people in the audience screamed in fear, reacting to what they saw as if it were happening in real life. Moviegoers were known to even leap out of their seats due to the trains on the screen. At that time, few people understood what motion pictures were, so audience members could easily be fooled.
Today, people crowd into theatres for the latest 3D movies. Even older movies, such as the popular Star Wars series, are being re-released in 3D. Moviemakers are excited about the ability to involve the audience more directly in the story or film. In addition, theatres invest tens of thousands of dollars on high-quality audio systems so that everything from the safest whispers to the largest explosions sounds clear and realistic. Sound, dialogue, and music are used in combination not only with one another but also with the visual image. They can overlap and vary in intensity in a flexible and complex pattern with those high-quality audio systems.
What will movies be like 100 years from now? Will audience be able to smell scents in the films, taste the food that characters are eating, or even become part of the stories themselves? Only time will tell.
38. What can we know about the motion pictures in early 20th century France?
A. They were in color.
B. They were the main form of entertainment.
C. They greatly appealed to people then.
D. They often had background music.
39. Why did the moviegoers leap out of their seats?
A. Because the movies were too scary.
B. Because they didn't see trains in real life.
C. Because the old theaters were too crowded.
D. Because audiences were unfamiliar with the movies.
40. Why do theatres spend a lot on high-quality audio systems?
A. To re-release more old movies.
B. To develop movie-making technologies.
C. To improve movie-goers' experience.
D. To make the explosions safe.
41. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To explain how realistic movies are today.
B. To tell something about future movie plans.
C. To introduce the history of movie technology.
D. To compare movie theatres over the last century.
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. C 41. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影技术的发展历史。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“In early twentieth-century France, a new form of entertainment was becoming a hit—motion pictures. People crowded into theatres for short, silent, black-and-white films that showed everyday happenings, such as a train pulling into a station.”（20世纪初，法国一种新的娱乐形式正成为一种热门——电影。人们挤进剧院，看一部简短、无声、黑白相间的电影，这些电影展示了日常发生的事情，比如火车驶入车站）可知，20世纪初，在法国，电影作为一种新的娱乐形式很受人们欢迎以至于人们挤进剧院看它，说明电影对人们很有吸引力。故选C项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“During the initial showings of basic silent movies, some people in the audience screamed in fear, reacting to what they saw as if it were happening in real life. Moviegoers were known to even leap out of their seats due to the trains on the screen. At that time, few people understood what motion pictures were, so audience members could easily be fooled.”（在最初放映无声电影的时候，观众中的一些人吓得尖叫起来，对他们所看到的一切做出反应，就好像这一切发生在现实生活中一样。据了解，电影观众甚至因为屏幕上的火车而跳出座位。当时，很少有人了解电影是什么，所以观众很容易被愚弄）可知，由于当时观众对电影是什么不熟悉，以为电影里发生的事是真的，所以会做出在现实里会做出的反应，如看到火车就跑开，因此观众会跳出座位是因为观众对电影不熟悉。故选D项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“Moviemakers are excited about the ability to involve the audience more directly in the story or film. In addition, theatres invest tens of thousands of dollars on high-quality audio systems so that everything from the safest whispers to the largest explosions sounds clear and realistic.”（甚至是一些老电影，比如《星球大战》系列电影也在3D中重新上映，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋。此外，剧院还投入数万美元购买高质量的音响系统，这样从最安全的低语到最大的爆炸声听起来都清晰而现实）可知，电影制作人对能够更直接地让观众参与到故事或电影中感到兴奋，所以投入巨资买高质量的音响系统，让观众听到的各种声音在安全范围内都清晰而现实，以便让观众投入与电影中，有更好的观影体验，所以买高质量的音响系统是为了提高影迷的体验。故选C项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。第一段引入“电影这种新的艺术形式，开始是无声黑白电影”，第二段讲“有声色彩电影出现了”，第三段讲“3D电影的出现，影院的高质量的音响系统让观众有更好的观影体验”，最后一段“向读者提出疑问——100年后电影会是什么样子？，并畅想了这种电影是什么样子”，可知文章讲了最初的无声黑白电影，之后的有声色彩电影以及后来的3D，这主要介绍了电影的发展历史，因此作者写这篇文章的目的是C项“介绍电影技术的发展历史”。故选C项。
D
Is changing answers in your test a good idea?
Maybe you can answer a question in seconds. However, do not just trust your first instinct (直觉) in a test. Instincts are not about finding the truth. They are about survival. Your brain doesn’t think through most stuff in life. It just uses shortcuts (捷径) to fool yourself into thinking you know.
Do you remember how it felt to be learning something new? At first it could be complicated. There were hundreds of details that your brain needed to look out for. When you’re learning anything new, your brain is working overtime. Now imagine how you feel doing that new thing you learned before. It gets easier, right? Stuff gets easier because the brain starts creating shortcuts for decision making.
When you’re taking a test, these shortcuts are usually your first instincts. If you see an answer that instantly looks related to the question, then your brain is going to start ringing alarm bells ( “ This might be it ” ). The logical part of your brain hasn’t even come into the station and the conductor is screaming, “ All aboard! ”
Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. You are going to end up right more often than you end up wrong.
“ But my experience says otherwise! ” That’s because your experience is just another shortcut. When you’re examining your completed test, your brain probably has a shortcut of looking at your wrong answers and skipping the ones you got right. The bright red pen will direct you straight to your problem areas. That means you’re probably not getting a fair representation of your results.
When you get an answer wrong because you changed your answer, you will probably notice it. It will stand out. The bright red circle just pulls your brain in. It forces your attention to it. Since it’s a question you probably spent a minute or two on, you’ll remember why you got it wrong. When you get an answer right because you changed your answer, the opposite happens. There are no red circles directing your attention to how awesomely smart thinking twice was. It will just slide unnoticed while you let your eyes wander over other red marked areas you need to think about.
42. What will happen when you learn something new?
A. Your brain will look out for a lot of things. B. Your first instinct will play a part.
C. Your brain will create shortcuts. D. Your work time will increase.
43. How does your first instinct work in a test?
A It stops you thinking logically. B. It replaces the function of logic.
C. It helps you find the right answer. D. It fools you into getting a quick answer.
44. Which of the following is TRUE according to students' experience?
A. They shouldn’t trust their first instincts.
B. Shortcuts make a difference in their tests.
C. They usually change right answers to wrong ones.
D. Changing answers is a good idea of getting higher scores.
45. What’s the author’s attitude toward changing answers in a test?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Unclear.
【答案】42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者就是否应该在考试中改答案进行了分析说明。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“Do you remember how it felt to be learning something new? At first it could be complicated. There were hundreds of details that your brain needed to look out for.(你还记得学习新东西的感觉吗？起初可能很复杂。你的大脑需要注意数百个细节。)”可知，当你学习新东西时，你的大脑要注意很多事情。故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第四段“When you’re taking a test, these shortcuts are usually your first instincts. If you see an answer that instantly looks related to the question, then your brain is going to start ringing alarm bells ( “ This might be it ” ). The logical part of your brain hasn’t even come into the station and the conductor is screaming, “ All aboard! ”(当你参加考试时，这些捷径通常是你的第一直觉。如果你看到一个答案立即看起来与这个问题有关，那么你的大脑就会开始敲响警钟——“可能就是这样”。你大脑中合乎逻辑的部分甚至还没有进入车站，售票员在尖叫，“都上车了！”)”可知，第一直觉在逻辑思考进入前就让你选择答案，所以它会愚弄你快速作答。故选D项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段“Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. You are going to end up right more often than you end up wrong.(改变你的答案就是让你大脑的逻辑部分掌握方向。你的结局往往是对得多，而不是错得多。)”以及第六段““But my experience says otherwise! ”(但根据我的经验，情况并非如此！)可知，原本情况是你应该对得多，而不是错得多，但据学生经验反映，实际情况恰恰相反：经常把正确的改错。故选C项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第五段“Changing your answer is letting the logical part of your brain take the wheel. (改变你的答案就是让你大脑的逻辑部分掌控方向盘。)”以及最后一段“When you get an answer right because you changed your answer, the opposite happens. There are no red circles directing your attention to how awesomely smart thinking twice was. It will just slide unnoticed while you let your eyes wander over other red marked areas you need to think about.(当你因为改变了答案而得到正确的答案时，相反的情况发生了。没有红色圆圈将你的注意力引导到“两次思考”是多么的聪明。当你的眼睛在你需要思考的其他红色标记区域徘徊时，它只会悄悄溜走。)”可知，作者是赞成改答案的。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共25分）
第一部分 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读表达
Steve and Joanna have lived on the remote Bardsey Islanda major British nature reserve, since 2007. They moved there by responding to an advertisement looking for a family to run the island’s farm.
“ The children had loved holidays here and had no doubt about island life. But Steve and I wondered whether we could cope, being the only inhabitants in such a remote place, ” recalls Joanna “ But the role and place fitted us. ” The couple’s strong faith gives them a deep connection with the island.
Their life is demanding with just two of them managing the island’s farm, 30 cows and fragile ecosystems. Joanna also works for the RSPB Wildlife Charity and tries to grow enough vegetables to keep them self-sufficient. In general Joanna and Steve’s lives are a cycle of alternating solitude and interaction (孤独与互动的交替) “ In spring and summer the island becomes very busy with visitors, and I’m growing vegetables to sell and working in our café. By autumn I’m looking forward to winter. I long for some peace and privacy, and I love having time to be creative ” says Joanna.
Bardsey’s population doubled last Christmas when a second couple moved into the island — to look after the bird observatory “ We have each other round for meals and help each other out, ” says Joanna. “ It’s been lovely. Many people choose island life for similar reasons — whether it’s to escape the stress of big city life or its in search of new opportunities like starting a business. That tends to bring the community together. ”
“ I read somewhere that islands can either free you or become your prison ” Joanna concludes. “ We feel so privileged to live on Bardsey and be free to be who we are. I find myself more relaxed and less stressed living here. ”
46. Why did Steve and Joanna live on the remote Bardsey Islanda? ( no more than 10 words )
47. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? ( no more than 10 words )
48. What does “ that trends ” in Paragraph 4 refer to? ( no more than 15 words )
49. How does living on the island benefit Bardsey? ( no more than 15 words )
50. Would you like to live on a remote place? Give your reason. ( no more than 20 words )
【答案】46. To run the island’s farm ( in response to an advertisement ).
47. What the couple do on the island.
48. To escape the stress of big city life or look for new opportunities.
49. He finds himself more relaxed and less stressed by living there.
或 He is / feels free to be himself/who he is on the island.
或 He feels free relaxed/less stressed when living there.
50. 言之有理即可。例如：I’d like to live on a remote place because I love the quiet time. There’s no noise or stress, only nature.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了史蒂夫和乔安娜远离城市的喧嚣，一直生活在偏远的巴德西岛，并且越来越多的人选择海岛生活。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“They moved there by responding to an advertisement looking for a family to run the island’s farm.( 他们是根据一则寻找经营岛上农场的家庭的广告搬到那里的。)”可知，史蒂夫和乔安娜住在遥远的巴德西岛上，是为响应一则广告而经营岛上的农场。故答案为To run the island’s farm ( in response to an advertisement ).
【47题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据文章第二段“The children had loved holidays here and had no doubt about island life. But Steve and I wondered whether we could cope, being the only inhabitants in such a remote place, ” recalls Joanna “ But the role and place fitted us. ”(“孩子们喜欢在这里度假，对岛上的生活毫不怀疑。但史蒂夫和我在想，作为这么偏远的地方唯一的居民，我们是否能应付得过来。”乔安娜回忆道，“但这个角色和地方很适合我们。”)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们这对夫妇在岛上做什么。故答案为What the couple do on the island.
【48题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据文章第四段划线词前句“Many people choose island life for similar reasons — whether it’s to escape the stress of big city life or its in search of new opportunities like starting a business. (许多人选择海岛生活的原因与此类似——无论是为了逃避大城市生活的压力，还是为了寻找创业等新机会。)”可知，that trends指代的是前句中的“为了逃避大城市生活的压力或寻找新的机会”。故答案为To escape the stress of big city life or look for new opportunities.
【49题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“I find myself more relaxed and less stressed living here. (我发现住在这里更放松，压力更小。)”可知，他发现住在那里更放松，压力更小了。故答案为He finds himself more relaxed and less stressed by living there.或 He is / feels free to be himself/who he is on the island.或 He feels free, relaxed/less stressed when living there.
【50题详解】
开放题。考生言之有理则可，注意答案词数。参考答案为I’d like to live on a remote place because I love the quiet time. There’s no noise or stress, only nature.
第二部分 书面表达（满分15分）
51. 假设你是晨光中学的李津，你校高二年级将组织团队参加区里中学生英语能力竞赛，请你给负责预选赛的外教老师Mr. Black写一封信，请求参加预选赛，内容包括：
1)写信的目的;
2)自我推荐(自己的优势，语言能力，比赛经验等);
3)期待答复。
参考词汇：英语能力竞赛 English Proficiency Contest
注意：
(1)词数不少于100;
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Black,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Mr. Black,
I’m Li Jin who is writing a letter for the upcoming English Proficiency Contest for Middle School Students which will be held in our district.
As everyone knows, I have won many championships in the area. There is no doubt that I am outstanding when it comes to English ability. Meanwhile, I have been equipping myself with knowledge in various fields and will make the most of it when necessary. In other words, not only am I a qualified English learner, but also I’m knowledgeable, making me a potential competitor. Therefore, I’m convinced that I am qualified to participate in the competition.
How I wish I could be given the golden opportunity to improve my English! Your early reply will be highly appreciated!
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责预选赛的外教老师Mr. Black写一封信，请求参加学校高二年级将要组织的区中学生英语能力竞赛预选赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefore→hence
相信的：convinced→sure
参加： participate in→take part in
充分利用：make the most of→make the best of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Your early reply will be highly appreciated!
拓展句：I would appreciate it if you could reply earlier!
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is no doubt that I am outstanding when it comes to English ability.(使用了that引导的同位语从句。)
【高分句型2】In other words, not only am I a qualified English learner, but also I’m knowledgeable, making me a potential competitor.(使用了部分倒装和现在分词短语作状语。)
听力答案：1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B
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