2023年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟英语卷（广东、山东）含解析

  【决胜高考◆◆冲刺卷】

2023年高考英语考试冲刺卷01 （广东、山东）

第一部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Endangered Species Youth Art Contest

2023 Contest Now Open!

Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day (May 19, 2023), Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.

Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.

Rules & Art Submission Instructions:

▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1,2023.

▲Students’  artworks must be original. Computer-produced images will NOTbe judged.

▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.

▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.

Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2,2023. Late entries will not be judged.

2023 Art Contest Prizes

GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)

▲One Family RWPZoo membership (a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership)

▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice

▲One $100 gift card

GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS (Grades K-2, Grades 3-12)

Each grade-winner shall receive:

★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo

★One $25 gift card

HONORABLE MENTIONS (Grades K-2,Grades 3-12)

Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:

·Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo

·An award certificate

All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo’s website and social media pages, and in the Zoo’s summer WILD Magazine issue.

1. How can you submit your artwork?

A. By sending it in an envelope.

B. By turning it in on the website.

C. By handing it to the zoo in person.

D. By having it delivered to the judges.

2. What should you explain in your entry?

A. The habitats of threatened and endangered species.

B. The relationship between humans and endangered species.

C. The measures to protect endangered species.

D. The reason of protecting your targeted species.

3. What award will a grand prize winner get?

A. A choice to adopt an animal.

B. A S25 worth of gift card to the zoo.

C. An exhibition of the artwork all year round.

D. Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission.

B

Howard Schultz wasn’t the first person to be carried away by the pleasant smell of a well-roasted coffee bean. But the Starbucks Coffee Co. leader was undoubtedly the first to turn that dream into a billion dollar retail business.

Schultz’s adventure started in 1981 when he traveled from New York to Seattle to check out a popular coffee bean store called “Starbucks”. It had been buying many of the Hammarplast  Swedish drip coffeemakers (滴滤式煮咖啡壶) he was selling.

There was that great smell, sure, but what caused him to fall in love with the business was the care the Starbucks owners put into choosing and roasting the beans. He was also impressed with the owners’ devotion to educating the public about the wonders of the coffee.

It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him. When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in 1982, he had another idea. This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block. He learned that they not only served excellent espressos (蒸馏咖啡), they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were 200,000 of them in the country.

But when he came back to Seattle, the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores, saying the restaurant business was competitive, and it was costly to hire waiters. After all, economic benefits were their primary motivator. Frustrated, Schultz quit and started his own coffee-bar business in 1985, named “II Giornale”. It was successful, and two years later, the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for $3.8 million.

As the company began to expand rapidly in the 1990s, Schultz always said that the main goal was “to serve a great cup of coffee”. Asked about the secret of his success, Schultz told us the principles: “Don’t be threatened by people smarter than you. Compromise anything but your core values.”

4. What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks?

A. The pleasant smell of its coffee bean. B. His strong desire to improve himself.

C. The owners’ impressive work attitude. D. His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers.

5. Which of the following can best describe Schultz’s personality?

A. Committed and generous. B. Sociable and helpful.

C. Motivated and considerate. D. Determined and creative.

6. Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores?

A. Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle.

B. People preferred tasting coffee at home.

C. Workforce was insufficient in the market.

D. They tried to avoid high cost of labor force.

7. What does Schultz think contributes to his success?

A. Learning from smarter people. B. Sticking to his own core values.

C. Keeping his business a secret. D. Remembering a set of principles.

C

As the climate crisis speeds up, Europe is warming faster than any other region, according to a new State of the  Climate in Europe report from the World Meteorological Organization.

The WMO report comes ahead of the UN’s international climate summit in Egypt, and is one in a series of reports over the past several weeks that show how the world is off-track on its climate goals. Not only are countries  missing  the mark on their efforts to reduce planet-warming fossil fuel emissions (排放物), but measurements show temperatures are already skyrocketing.

Some continents are feeling that rise more than others. Wednesday’s report shows temperatures in Europe have increased at more than twice the global average over the past 30 years — at a rate of about 0.5 degrees Celsius per decade.

Recent reports show how the region’s temperature rise is fueling extreme weather.

Year-to-date through July, the number of wildfires in the EU was four times the 15-year average. A deadly, record-breaking heatwave in the UK harmed public health and bent infrastructure (基础设施). Exceptional drought troubled the continent this summer, drying up some of the world’s most economically important rivers. And that drought that came on the heels of some of the most destructive floods Europe has ever seen.

“Europe presents a live picture of a warming world and reminds us that even well-prepared societies are not safe  from impacts of extreme weather events,” said WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas in a forward on the report.

“European society is vulnerable (易受伤害的) to climate variability and change, but Europe is also at the  forefront of the international effort to address climate change and to develop innovative solutions to adapt to the new climate Europeans will have to live with,” Carlo Buontempo, director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service, said in a statement.

Taalas said in his forward that although Europe’s pace on cutting planet-warming emissions has been “good,” their  ambition on this front “should be further increased.”

8. What can we learn about the world’s climate goals from the WMO report?

A. They are unrealistic. B. They are easy to reach.

C. They are taken seriously. D. They are far from being achieved.

9. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. The economic losses in Europe.

B. The causes of the climate crisis in Europe.

C. The increase of extreme weather in Europe.

D. The most destructive natural disaster in Europe.

10. What is Buontempo’s attitude towards Europe’s effort to fight climate change?

A. Doubtful. B. Favorable.

C. Unclear. D. Intolerant.

11. What should Europe do to further cut emissions according to Taalas?

A. Take the lead. B. Set a higher goal.

C. Make better preparations. D. Carry on their good work.

D

Wild animals are human’s friends, an important part of the natural ecosystem, and valuable natural resources endowed(赋予)by nature.

Indian elephants, a subspecies of Asian elephants, have been considered endangered since 1986. There are only an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 Indian elephants left in the wild, and the global population is believed to be decreasing.

Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants. Recent economic growth and subsequent increased development in Asia are the main causes of this habitat loss. From expanding human settlements and mining to converting land to plantations and infrastructure(基础建设), many activities can block migratory elephant routes and drive them into smaller sub-populations. When animals are forced into smaller pockets of populations, they risk losing genetic diversity and have a higher chance of dying from disease and natural disasters.

In India, elephants have faced a 70% population decline over the last 60 years. When accounting for climate change projections, scientists predict that the elephant population in the country could lose over 40% of its habitat by 2070.

As elephants lose their habitats to human settlements and development, interactions between humans and elephants also rise. Elephant populations, especially those living outside of protected areas, wander into agricultural lands in search of food and cause crop or property loss. Even worse, these impacts may cause farmers and residents to retaliate against the elephants if they believe their assets are in danger. Poison or other deadly methods have been used.

Although countries like India, Vietnam, and Myanmar have completely banned the capture of wild elephants for any purpose, illegal hunting still happens in those and other nations where Indian elephants live.

Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants. In parts of Myanmar, teams of rangers work to protect and co-manage wild elephant populations with the Wildlife Conservation Society. They use the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool(SMART), a geographic information systems-based software to systematically collect, manage, analyze, and report data collected from forests. With SMART, park managers can deploy rangers strategically in hotpots for illegal hunting or other illegal activities, manage efforts, and organize resources.

12. What is the immediate cause of the decline of Indian elephant’s number?

A. The growth of economy. B. The loss of their habitat.

C. The change of the climate. D. The increase of illegal hunting.

13. What do the figures in paragraph 4 show?

A. The main change of ecosystem. B. The main features of Indian elephants.

C. The problems caused by Indian elephants. D. The severity of Indian elephants’ situation.

14. How does the SMART work?

A. By completely preventing hunting.

B. By collecting and reporting data collected from forests.

C. By founding the Wildlife Conservation Society.

D. By counting the population of wildlife.

15. What’s the purpose of this text?

A. To advertise for Indian elephants.

B. To attract tourists to watch Indian elephants.

C. To appeal to people to protect Indian elephants.

D. To introduce Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

How to Teach Your Child to Be a Good Friend

Your child who struggles with making friends and maintaining friendships may exhibit some behavioral issues. Physical aggression and name-calling often arise. A quiet character and social anxiety can also lead to difficulty making friends____16____

Instill self-esteem(灌输自尊思想). The first step in teaching your child to be a good friend is to teach them to take pride in themselves.____17____Additionally, a child with a strong sense of self will build healthier friendships down the road.

Teach social skills.____18____Role-play with your child to teach them how to have polite conversations with others. Practise taking turns, sharing, respecting other people’s boundaries, and showing care for their feelings. Your child also needs to know how to apologize, argue with a friend respectfully and listen to others.

____19____From Frog and Toad to Winnie the Pooh and Christopher Robin, children’s literature is filled with strong friendships. Use books as an opportunity to talk about what makes those friendships work, and what qualities the characters displayed to develop their friendships.

Find teachable moments. As a parent, you may run into situations where your child doesn’t act like the best friend they could be. Your child may have moments of conflict, drama and fights with their friends. Try to turn these moments into teachable moments.____20____Eventually, they’ll get the hang of it. With your guidance and a little practice, your child will turn into a caring, kind and trustworthy friend.

第二部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

On a cold winter night, Andrew, a 22-year-old Canadian, suffered a heart attack and collapsed to the floor, unconscious.___21___, his dog, a 4-year-old Husky named Koda, didn’t___22___. Instead, the clever dog sprang into action and called 911.

Koda ___23___the emergency number on a cell phone. The 911 operator heard___24___on the other end of the line and sent a police officer to conduct a(n) ___25___ . When the officer arrived at the house, he found Koda barking at the front door, ___26___to lead him inside.

The officer quickly realized that something was___27___and followed Koda into the bedroom, where he found Andrew___28___on the floor. The officer called an ambulance and Andrew was rushed to the hospital, where he received timely___29___ .

Andrew said that he had___30___Koda to call 911 by pressing his nose against the phone’s screen. He never thought that Koda would___31___use the skill in a real emergency.

The story of Koda’s___32___act has gone viral (疯传), with people around the world praising the dog’s___33___and loyalty. This heartwarming tale is a(n)___34___of the special bond between humans and their pets. Koda may not be able to speak, but he communicated in a way that___35___a life — and that’s something truly remarkable.

21. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

22. A. panic B. bite C. care D. escape

23. A. stored B. remembered C. dialed D. chose

24. A. silence B. sighs C. screams D. barks

25. A. negotiation B. investigation C. experiment D. survey

26. A. pretending B. refusing C. trying D. deciding

27. A. missing B. different C. wrong D. strange

28. A. lying B. sitting C. resting D. struggling

29. A. advice B. information C. support D. treatment

30. A. trained B. persuaded C. allowed D. warned

31. A. gradually B. actually C. occasionally D. immediately

32. A. adventurous B. selfless C. considerate D. heroic

33. A. honesty B. creativity C. patience D. intelligence

34. A. reminder B. explanation C. test D. prediction

35. A. spared B. changed C. saved D. created

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has planted millions of trees in its northwest over the past two decades as part of its ____36____ (amaze) fight against the expanding deserts.

The effort has paid off. Around 2000, deserts across the country were still increasing by 10,400m2 a year. But in 2017, they were decreasing by more than 2,400m2 a year. The ____37____ (achieve) was confirmed by a study from the Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences in Paris.

“In 1999, the Chinese government began planting millions of trees in its Grain for Green Program. It ____38____ (carry) out to repair damaged farmland in northwestern China, ____39____ is roughly the size of France,” says Philippe Ciais, a researcher at the laboratory. “I was there a few months ago, and it is indeed surprising that once bare landscapes are now almost fully covered by plants.”

“The growth of forests is significant ____40____ necessary progress in the fight against desertification,” says Jianping Huang, a researcher at Lanzhou University. “But it’s still too early to determine whether it has solved the problem. Researchers have found that many of the plant species ____41____ (introduce) to the region use more water ____42____ native vegetation. It could lead to water shortages for humans.”

The national forestry department has recognized the error. In recent years, it has worked more closely with researchers and communities to find ways to plant less ____43____ (thirst) plants that have economic value.

“All ____44____ (program) need to take into account local conditions,” the forestry department said in March “____45____ (we) efforts should go towards keeping vegetation sustainable, rather than simply planting more trees.”

第三部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节  （满分15分）

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David在中国旅行，他对中国菜很感兴趣，你所在的城市将在下周举办“中华美食节”，请你写封电子邮件邀请他参加这个活动。要点如下：

1. 举办时间、地点;

2. 活动内容、安排;

3. 邀请并期待对方参加。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

参考词汇：中华美食节Chinese Food Festival

Dear David,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节：读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The weather was extremely hot as the midday sun shone with all its might. 23-year-old Richard had just gotten down from a truck he hitchhiked(搭便车)and could barely stand on the hot road. His feet were getting baked in his smelly sneakers. He panted heavily, looking around for a drink. But as far as his sunken eyes could see, there was not a drop of water.

Since Richard’s band in Los Angeles broke up several weeks ago, he had to come to reunite with his parents. Just as he finished a two-mile hike on the deserted highway, he stopped on the roadside. Suddenly, he noticed a little bike lying there.

When he approached near, he saw a water bottle and a small helmet lying nearby. He leaned closer and noticed fresh little muddy footsteps disappearing into the woods. Richard’s brows shot up in terror as he hurried toward the entrance of the dense forest. It seemed very unusual for a little kid to be all alone there.

Imagine a little kid out there alone! Richard’s instincts(直觉)told him something was wrong, so he cupped his hands around his mouth and called out to the child. Suddenly, he heard a faint cry from the heart of the woods. It was a little girl’s cry for help.

“Don’t give up! I’m coming!” Richard ran quickly after noticing a little girl and her dog holding onto a log(原木)and floating on the river.

The current was washing away almost everything on its course, and the girl was lucky that the log was stuck onto something under the surface. But that would not hold on for long as the current grew faster and stronger.

Richard wanted to pull the two out to the shore before they were washed toward the edge of the waterfall, which was just meters away. However, he couldn’t think of anything immediately. Just then, his mind acted fast, and he ran back to get something.

“Hold on…I’ll be right back,” he assured her.

注意:

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。

Moments later, Richard returned with a long vine(藤).

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 “Thank you so much!" the girl cried as she finally fell on the muddy shore.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________