2022新高考衡水名师原创英语专题卷：专题11 短文改错说明类专练

2022新高考衡水名师原创英语专题卷：

专题十一《短文改错说明类专练》

（90分钟 100分）

考点01：冠词   3颗星

考点02：代词 3颗星

考点03：介词和介词短语 2颗星

考点04: 名词 3颗星

考点05：主谓一致 5颗星

考点06：形容词和副词   5颗星

考点08：非谓语动词  5颗星

考点09：动词的时态和语态 5颗星

考点10：定语从句   3颗星

考点11  名词性从句   3颗星

考点12  并列连词    4颗星

考点13  状语从句  3颗星

考点28：短文改错说明文专练 5颗星

第I卷 短文改错（每题1分，共40分）

一、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:  1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

As we know, experience are of high value in our life. At the first day of my high school, Miss Wang, my English teacher, asked us to introduce us in English. In the beginning, all the students felt shy and dared not to express themselves. Miss Wang was a new teacher so she became embarrassing, not knowing what to do. At that point, I stood up and spoke loudly, what inspired the others a lot. Soon, everyone was in high spirits and we talked confident. Miss Wang praised me highly, say she was proud of me, which has had deep influence on my life. Now l have turned into a person who like taking lead in life.

二、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

We have lived in the house for ten years, so the kitchen is the heart of our home. For us, the kitchen is where holds special sounds, smells and memories. We enjoy the sound of my grandmother sings old songs coming from her childhood as she cooks. Every week he prepares a delicious meal for us. We often sit in the kitchen talking while we waited for the food to be ready. It may seem like a special place to someone else, but when I am in low spirit, it warms me like a big blanket in a winter morning. Before the school, we say goodbye to our parents and hug them cheerful when we get home.

三、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

About how to keep healthy, I’d like to offer my advices. As we know, we teenagers are going through a rapid growth which needs to be support by a healthy and balanced diet. Thus, we need a variety of food but cut out the food rich in sugar or fat. However, we should take physical exercise regular. For example, we can play basketball or take walk after school. What’s more, have enough sleep is of great importance. Therefore, you should have at least eight hours of sleep every day a​nd not stayed up too late. Only in this way that can we keep fit.

四、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

    2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China, during which the whole nation will be lost in happy atmosphere.

As it draws near, everyone spent time cleaning the house, doing shopping and preparing for presents. Usually, the Spring Festival is close related to gatherings. The whole family, seat around the table, will have a big dinner together. Moreover, people will drop in on our friends and relatives, carry gifts. Children are the happiest for getting the lucky money but setting off fireworks.

In a word, the Spring Festival is of great significant to us Chinese. This is because people celebrate it with great passion.

第II卷 语法填空（每题1.5分，共60分）

一、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    The summer solstice(夏至) has been widely recognized as a festival throughout the world. The word solstice originates(起源) from the Latin sol and sistere, ①_________(mean) "sun-standing”. ②_________ the days lengthen, the sun rises higher and higher until it seems to stand still in the sky. It is one of the great turning points of the year, when the sun is at its ③_________ (high) point in the sky during a year.

    Today, the day is celebrated around the world. In England thousands gather to welcome the sunrise on the summer solstice. Throughout Europe groups light a fire and stay up all night to welcome the dawn. In Paris, the day ④_________ (mark) with free concerts during the every yearns Fete de la Musique. When it comes ⑤_________ the U. S. , the city of Santa Barbara in California holds the county’s biggest ⑥_________ (celebrate) that lasts a full three-day time. On the East Coast, New York City ⑦_________ (tradition) welcomes the summer solstice with a music concert at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine.

    In the southern part of China, eating lychees(​荔枝) during the summer solstice ⑧_________ (be) a long tradition because eating lychees will cause less "heat” to the body. There is a saying in Shandong Province ⑨_________ goes, "Eating dumplings on the winter solstice day and eating ⑩_________ (noodle) on the summer solstice day."

二、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

   English and Hawaiian are the two official languages of Hawaii. But for many years, Hawaiian ①___________(be) in danger of disappearing.

    The Hawaiian Islands were made by volcanoes, ②___________ lie in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, about 4,000 kilometers from the US mainland. Hawaii’s native population came from Polynesia, a collection of ③___________ (hundred) of islands in the North and South Pacific.

    In 1778 , the British ④___________ (explore) James Cook and his men landed in what is now Hawaii. At the time, the local population spoke only the Hawaiian language. Later, the area became a protectorate(受保护领地) of Britain and ⑤___________ (rule) by a king. Over time,a great foreign influence over Hawaii’s politics and economics led to English being declared(宣布) ⑥___________ official language.

    The US controlled the territory in 1898 and Hawaii became a U. S. colony two years later. In 1959, Hawaii was admitted ⑦___________ the 50th state.

    During the 1970s, a movement began to seek the wider use of the Hawaiian language. Education officials again permitted the use of Hawaiian in schools. But today, the language is still not ⑧___________ (wide) spoken on the islands.

    UNESCO lists the Hawaiian language as “critically endangered”. Hawaiian state officials estimated in 2016 that only about 5.7 percent of people ⑨___________ (live) in the state speak Hawaiian at home. For this reason, officials in Hawaii decided to try a fun, new way ⑩___________ (increase) interest in the language among the younger generation.

三、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    None of the major traditional museums seemed to see it as a threat when the Museum of Ice Cream opened in New York in 2016. However, as more of these pop-up museums started coming ①__________ existence over the next two years, they seemed to become a trend that should have been taken more seriously. And the ②__________(late) member to join this list is The Museum of Pizza, set ③__________(open) in New York this October.

    It seems that museums are no longer places to ④__________(mere) "see” art. People want to have more interactive experiences instead of keeping a polite distance from ⑤__________(exhibit). At the Museum of Ice Cream, for example, visitors can jump into a pool of plastic sprinkles. And at the upcoming The Museum of Pizza, people ⑥__________(lie) on a "pizza beach", where they can experience a "wave of cheese".

    Not only are visitors taking pictures of art, but they've taking pictures of ⑦__________(them) within these spaces. This immersive experience ⑧__________(give) by pop-up museums allows visitors to get away from their real life — even just for a short time — and enter a fantasy world. Maybe it's this experience of feeling close to art ⑨__________allows pop-up museums to not only keep "popping up", but also remain open — at least for ⑩__________time being.

四、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    A shark that walks in water instead of swimming might sound like a creature straight out of a science fiction film. However, that is exactly①____ four new species of sharks move across the seafloor. They ②____(discover) by a team of scientists during a 12-year study, led by Dr. Christine Dudgeon from Australia’s University of Queensland.

    The species ③____(find) in the tropical(热带的)waters near Australia belong to the Hfemwcylliiwn, the same family as the previously known five species. The sharks have evolved ④____(survive) in low-oxygen environments, enabling them to hunt during low tides. The researchers hold the belief that ⑤____ ability to use fins(鳍)to walk across the water affords the sharks a great advantage ⑥____ the smaller animals they hunt.

    A DNA analysis of skin samples from the live sharks offers ⑦____ (evident) that walking sharks broke away from their gliding(滑动)brothers and sisters ⑧____( million) of years ago and gradually became a ⑨____( complete ) different species. Dudgeon and her team believe walking sharks are the ⑩____ (young) kind of sharks on Earth!

答案以及解析

I、一、答案：

As we know, are of high value in our life. the first day of my high school, Miss Wang, my English teacher, asked us to introduce in English. In the beginning, all the students felt shy and dared not to express themselves. Miss Wang was a new teacher so she became , not knowing to do. At that point, I stood up and spoke loudly, what inspired the others a lot. Soon, everyone was in high spirits and we talked . Miss Wang praised me highly, she was proud of me, which has had deep influence on my life. Now l have turned into a person who taking lead in life.

解析：1. experience---experiences.考察名词.根据下文可知本句的experience,是可数名词,表示"经历" ,所以和系动词are一致,名词用复数experiences.

2. At---On.考察介词.修饰 the first day,表示"在第一天" ,用介词On.

3. us---ourselves.考察代词.和 us一致,做 to introduce的宾语,用反身代词ourselves.

4. 删掉not后的to.考察dare的用法.dare是情态动词,表示"敢于做某事" ,用 dare do sth,所以删掉not后的to.

5. embarrassing---embarrassed.考察单词辨析.做she became的表语,表示"尴尬的" ,用形容词 embarrassed.

6. what---which.考察定语从句.代指主句 I stood up and spoke loudly,做定语从句 inspired the others a lot的主语,用关系词which.

7. confident---confidently.考察副词.修饰动词 talked,用副词confidently.

8. say---saying.考察非谓语动词.做Miss Li praised me highly的伴随状语,和主语Miss Li是主动关系,用现在分词saying.

9. deep 前加a.考察固定短语.表示"有着深刻的影响",用固定短语   have a deep influence.

10. like---likes.考察谓语动词.根据上文可知本句用一般现在时态.和先行词 a person一致,定语从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数likes.

二、答案：

We have lived in the house for ten years, the kitchen is the heart of our home. For us, the kitchen is holds special sounds, smells and memories. We enjoy the sound of my grandmother old songs coming from her childhood as she cooks. Every week prepares a delicious meal for us. We often sit in the kitchen talking while we for the food to be ready. It may seem like a special place to someone else, but when I am in low, it warms me like a big blanket a winter morning. Before the school, we say goodbye to our parents and hug them when we get home.

解析：

第一处:so→and【解析】“我们住在这个房子里十年了”和“厨房是我们家的中心”之间为顺承关系，而非因果关系。故将so改为and。

第二处:where→what【解析】is为本句的系动词，后面句子为表语从句，从句缺少主语，应用what引导。故将where改为what。

第三处:sings→singing【解析】分析句子结构可知，此句已有谓语动词enjoy，且无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词， sing和逻辑主语my grandmother之间为主动关系，故将 sings 改为 singing。

第四处：he→she【解析】此处代词指前文中的my grandmother， 应用she,故将he改为she。

第五处:waited→wait【解析】全文时态为一般现在时，讲述的是一般性的客观情况，此句也应用一般现在时，故将 waited 改为 wait。

第六处:在may后加not【解析】根据上下文语境及but可知，but前的内容指厨房对別人来说也许并不是个特别的地方，故在may后加not。

第七处：spirit→spirits【解析】spirit表示“心境;情绪”时，常用复数形式，此处表示“情绪低落”，应用in low spirits,故将spirit 改为 spirits。

第八处：第二个in→on【解析】表示在具体的某个冬天的早上， 应用介词on，故将第二个in改为on。

第九处:删除the【解析】school在此处表示抽象含义“上学”， 并非“学校”，其前不用定冠词。故删除the。

第十处：cheerful→cheerfully【解析】修饰动词hug应用副词， 故将 cheerful 改为 cheerfully。

三、答案：

About how to keep healthy, I’d like to offer my . As we know, we teenagers are going through a rapid growth which needs to be by a healthy and balanced diet. Thus, we need a variety of food but cut the food rich in sugar or fat. , we should take physical exercise . For example, we can play basketball or take walk after school. What’s more, enough sleep is of great importance. Therefore, should have at least eight hours of sleep every day a​nd not stayed up too late. Only in this way that can we keep fit.

解析：第一处:考查名词。advice是不可数名词。

第二处:考查动词的语态。完整的被动语态,由be和过去分词构成,此处需使用被动语态,因此填入supported。

第三处:考查介词。减少用cut down,而cut out表示切断、中止,不符合文意。

第四处:考查逻辑意义的副词。此处后文因和前文形成并列关系,因此用Besides,或者是Moreover。

第五处:考查形容词到副词的转换。经常做练习,需用副词修饰动词take,故用regularly。

第六处:考查固定短语。take a walk表示散步。

第七处:考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做主语,因此将have改成having。

第八处:考查代词。本篇的主人翁都是第一人称,因此将you改成we。

第九处:考查动词时态。stay一词所在的信息句因与and前面部分并列,统一接在should之后,因此是用动词原形。

第十处:考查句式结构。Only引导的倒装不需要用关联词that,因此删去that。

四、答案：

The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China, during which the whole nation will be lost in happy atmosphere.

As it draws near, everyone time cleaning the house, doing shopping and preparing for presents. Usually, the Spring Festival is related to gatherings. The whole family, around the table, will have a big dinner together. Moreover, people will drop in on friends and relatives, gifts. Children are the happiest for getting the lucky money setting off fireworks.

In a word, the Spring Festival is of great to us Chinese. This is people celebrate it with great passion.

解析：1. happy前加a 考查冠词atmosphere,为可数名词气氛,氛围;

2.spent-spends考查谓语的时态和主谓一致;

3.去掉for      考查词的用法,prepare presents准备礼物;

4.close-closely考查词性,closely密切地,指抽象关系;

5. seat-seated       考查非谓语,seated表状态;

6. our-their   考查代词,根据上下文应该用their,主语是people;

7.carry-carrying考查非谓语,people和carry之间为主动关系;

8.but-and     考查并列连词;

9.significant-significance 考查词性,be of +名词;

10.because-why   考查连词,表语从句;

II、一、答案：1. meaning2. As3. highest4. is marked5. to6. celebration7. traditionally8. is9. that/which10. noodles
解析：

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了夏至,以及夏至时世界各地的庆祝活动。

1. meaning【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词是originates,这里应用非谓语形式,mean与主语 solstice是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式。

2. As【解题思路】考查连词。由语境可知,此处表示"随着白天变长",故应用as引导状语从句,表示"随着……”。

3. highest【解题思路】考查形容词的最高级。依据上文中的"the sun rises higher and higher"和"one of the great turning points” 及常识

可知,太阳在夏至这一天是最高的,故用最高级。

4. is marked【解题思路】考查时态和语态。依据上下文可知,此处应用一般现在时;mark sth. with sth.表示"用……纪念/庆贺……", 此处应用其被动语态。

5. to【解题思路】 考查介词。 When it comes to...表示"当谈及……",其中to为介词。

6. celebration【解题思路】考查名词。由句中的the county’s biggest 可知此处用表词,celebration表示"庆祝,庆典”。

7. traditionally【解题思路】考查副词。分析句子结构可知,该空修饰动词welcomes,故用副词形式。

8. is【解题思路】考查主谓一致。动词-ing形式短语作主语时谓语动词用单数。本句的主语是"eating lychees(荔枝) during summer solstice",因此谓语动词用is。

9. that/which【解题思路】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰saying,从句中缺少主语,因此用which或that。

10.noodles【解题思路】考查名词复数。noodle是可数名词,其前没有限定词,故应用复数形式。

二、答案：1. has been2. which3. hundreds4. explorer5. was ruled6. the7. as8. widely9. living10. to increase
解析：

文章介绍了夏威夷群岛上的语言使用历史和现状。

1.has been【解题思路】考查时态。根据时间状语"for many years" 判断,空处应用现在完成时。

2. which【解题思路】考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词volcanoes,且从句中缺少主语,因此填which。

3.hundreds 【解题思路】考査名词复数。hundreds of意为"数以百计的"。

4 .explorer【解题思路】考查名词。由空前的British以及空后的James Cook 可知,空处应填名词explorer。

5. was ruled【解题思路】考查时态和语态。根据上下文可知此处应用一般过去时;且表示“被统治",故应用被动语态。

6. the【解题思路】考查冠词。此处表示英语被宣称为官方语言, 表示特指,故填the。

7. as【解题思路】考查介词。be admitted as意为"被承认是",as意为"作为"。

8. widely【解题思路】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词spoken, 故填widely。

9. living【解题思路]考查非谓语动词。people与live是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作后置定语。

10. to increase【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作后置定语,修饰way。

三、答案：into; latest; to open; merely; exhibits; will lie; themselves; given; that; the

解析：

1.into考查介词。然而,在接下来的两年里,随着更多快闪博物馆的出现,它们似乎成了一个趋势。 come into existence "出现,存在"。

2. latest考查形容词。最新加入快闪博物馆名单的成员是比萨博物馆,它准备今年10月在纽约开馆。根据语境可判断此处应填latest"最新的"。

3. to open 考查非谓语动词。此处set to do sth."准备做某事"是固定用法,因此可知,此处要用不定式。

4. merely考查副词。似乎博物馆不再仅仅是"观赏”艺术的场所。此处修饰动词see,故用副merely。

5. exhibits 考查名词的数。exhibit是可数名词,在此表示 ”(一件)展览品,陈列品",空前没有限定词,故此处应用名词复数exhibits。

6. will lie考查动词时态。而在即将开馆的比萨博物馆中,人们能够躺在"比萨海滩"上,体验"芝士浪潮”。与upcoming相呼应,说明动作即将发生,故用一般将来时。

7. themselves考查代词。与主语they呼应,此处表示他们给自己拍照,所以用反身代词themselves。

8. given考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句已经有谓语动词allows,故本空应是非谓语动词,所修饰词experience是give的承受者,故用过去分词given表被动。

9. that考查强调句型。或许正是靠近艺术的这—体验让快闪博物馆不仅不断“闪现",而且将继续开放下去——至少现在是这样。分析句子结构可知,这是一个强调句型,被强调部分this experience... art作句子主语,指物,故应填that。

10. the考查冠词。for the time being"眼下,暂时",是固定搭配, 故填定冠词the。

四、答案：①. How  ②. were discovered  ③.Found  ④. to survive  ⑤. the/their

            ⑥. Over  ⑦. evidence  ⑧. Millions  ⑨. completely  ⑩. Youngest

解析：①.how 考查名词性从句。然而,那正是这四个新鲨鱼物种在海底移动的方式。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,表示”如何",故填how。

②. were discovered 考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。They和 discover存在被动关系,故用被动语态。

③ found 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 belong to,此处应填非谓语动词形式。 species和fnd存在逻辑上的动宾关系,且表示动作已经完成,故此处应用过去分词作后置定语。

④. to survive 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词 have evolved,故空处是非谓语动词,根据语境可知,此处表示进化的目的,故用不定式作目的状语。

⑤.the/ their 考查冠词/代词。ability后有定语对其进行解释说明,表示这四个新鲨鱼物种行走的能力,故应是特指,要用定冠词the。此处也可用 their表示所属关系。

⑥.over 考查介词。 advantage意为"优势",表示"比……有利"时, advantage后常用介词over。

⑦.evidence 考查名词。空处作动词宾语,故填名词 evidence"证据",它在这里是不可数名词

⑧.millions 考查数词。此处表示"数百万……",应该用 millions of。

⑨. completely 考查副词。此处用副词修饰后面的形容词,故填completely"完全地"。

⑩. youngest 考查形容词最高级。根据后面表示范围限制的介词短语"of sharks on Earth"可知，此处应用形容词最高级。