2021北京大兴高二（上）期末英语

2021北京大兴高二（上）期末

英    语

2021.1

本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分

知识运用(共两节，20分)

第一节 语篇填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)

阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

China's winter， from December to February， will be chiller than usual， according to a nationwide weather outlook_____1_____(release) by authorities on Wednesday.

The forecast， made_____2_____ (joint) by the National Climate Center and the Ministry of Water Resources， said cold air will be frequent_____3_____ northwestern and southern parts of China， including the _____4_____ (province) of Gansu， Qinghai，Shaanxi and Guizhou， as well as the Xinjiang Uygur and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous regions，_____5_____ temperatures an average of 1℃to 2℃

_____6_____ (low) than in previous winters. It _____7_____(add) that long-lasting and large-scale freezing weather or snowstorms will be less likely_____8_____ (occur) in the south this winter，but shorter episodes of such weather_____9_____(witness) .

Meanwhile， 20 percent to 50 percent more precipitation than normal will batter North China this winter， while in the south it will decrease by_____10_____ same amount， the forecast said.

第二节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was a rainy morning and the children， mainly boys with various learning difficulties， refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher， I tried every means to get them to be___11___， but in vain. My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the ___12___of my job as a music teacher， I thought—teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was___13___inside， I threw my voice as far as it would reach：“Put your heads on the desks and close your eyes! We are going on a journey.

___14___， the children fell silent. “Now what should I do?” I thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs， I blindly___15____， put it in the machine and played it. Obediently(顺从地) ， my class lay their heads on their desks， closed their eyes and __16___ .When the music started， the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All the children were___17___. When the music finished， I asked them all to raise their___18___slowly so that we could share our musical journeys.

At this point， when all the children were willing to share their experiences， I began to learn how to teach. The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect， tears and smiles， the knowing and the___19___and， most of all， an understanding of each other. This was the power that___20___in the classroom could have.

11.A.glad  B.safe   C.kind   D.quiet

12.A.end  B.aim   C.rule   D.plan

13.A.guessing  B.shaking  C.responding  D.laughing

14.A.Punctually  B.Importantly  C.Amazingly  D.Obviously

15.A.passed one on B.gave one back  C.turned one in  D.took one out

16.A.slept  B.nodded  C.waited  D.continued

17.A.talking  B.singing  C.dancing  D.listening

18.A.legs  B.heads   C.arms   D.shoulders

19.A.unprepared  B.unspoken  C.unknown  D.unforgotten

20.A.games  B.music   C.tears   D.knowledge

第二部分  阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，共40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There's a welcome familiarity—but also sometimes as light suspicion that time has changed you both， and thus the relationship. But books don't change，

people do. And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.

The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It's true， the older I get， the more I feel time has wings. But with reading， it's all about the present. It's about the now and what one contributes to the now， because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.

There are three books I reread annually. The first， which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway's A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964， it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的) ， an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is

Annie Dillard's book， herpoetic1975ramble(随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar's Save Twilight：Selected Poems.

While It end to buy a lot of books， these three were given to me as gifts， which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that， while money is indeed wonderful and necessary， rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember， it's you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.

21. Why does the author like rereading?

A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.

B. It's a window to a whole new world.

C. It's a substitute for drinking with a friend.

D. It extends the understanding of oneself.

22. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?

A. It's a brief account of a trip.

B. It's about Hemingway's life as a young man.

C. It's a record of a historic event.

D. It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris.

23.What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A. debt   B. reward   C. allowance   D. face value

24. What can we infer about the author from the text?

A. He loves poetry.   B. He's an editor.

C. He's very ambitious.  D. He teaches reading.

B

According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research， both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份) ， it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.

To test the effect of social influence on eating habits， the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first， 95 undergraduate women were

individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began， each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state， the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.

Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit， taking more food than they normally would have. However， they took significantly more when the actor was thin.

For the second test， in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case， she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test：the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces. The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant isgoing to eat more， so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However， we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion， I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot， I’ll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim， why can't I?

25. What is the recent study mainly about?

A. Food safety.   B. Movie viewership.

C. Consumer demand.  D. Eating behavior.

26.What does the underlined word “bean poles” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Big eaters.   B. Overweight persons.

C. Picky eaters.   D. Tall thin persons.

27.Why did the researchers hire the actor?

A. To see how she would affect the participants.

B. To test if the participants could recognize her.

C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.

D. To study why she could keep her weight down.

28.On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?

A. How hungry we are.  B. How slim we want to be.

C. How we perceive others.  D. How we feel about the food.

C

Everybody， at some point in their lives， has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted， or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure， but how you get backup after being hit.

Once， a young schoolboy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die， for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive， he would be lame throughout his life.

But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor， he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down， he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there， lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home， when he was not in bed， he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day， he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass， dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence， raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence， firmly determined. He did this everyday， with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination， he did develop the ability to standup， then to walk on and off， then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school， and then run to school， to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934， in New York City's Madison Square Garden， this young man who was not expected to survive， who would surely never walk， who could never hope to run—this determined young man， Dr. Glenn Cunningham， ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in oneself， Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many， and his story， a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one， to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

29.The first paragraph is intended to__________

A. present an argument

B. make preparations for statement

C. arouse readers’ interest

D. function as a brief introduction

30. What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?

A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort.

B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.

C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.

D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper half of his body.

31. What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.

B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.

C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.

D. Glenn organized a track team in college.

32. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Stand up after failure   B. Strengthen determination

C. Go after dreams    D. Face difficulty bravely

D

Plastic-eating worms

Humans produces more than 30 million tons of plastic each year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(填埋场) ， and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it， but a new study suggests that an answer may lies in the stomachs of some hungry worms.

Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can breakdown polyethylene， which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100waxwormsona commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours， and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams， or almost 3%of it. To confirm that the worm's chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown， the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films . 14 hours later the films had lost 13%of their mass—apparently broken down by enzymes(酶) from the worms' stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini， co-author of the study， says the worms' ability to break down their everyday food—beeswax—also allows them to breakdown plastic. “Wax is a complex mixture， but the basic bond in polyethylene， the carbon-carbon bond， is there as well， ”she explains， “The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond.”

Jennifer Debruyn, a microbiologist at the University di Tennessee, who was not involved in the study， says it is not surprising that such worms can breakdown polyethylene. But compared with previous studies， she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step， Debruyn says， will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物) ?

Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to breakdown plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process—not simply “millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic”.

33.What can we learn about the worms in the study?

A. They take plastics as their everyday food.

B. They are newly evolved creatures.

C. They can consume plastics.

D. They wind up in landfills.

34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might__________

A. help to raise worms   B. help make plastic bags

C.be used to clean the oceans  D.be produced in factories in future

35. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain a study method on worms.

B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.

C. To present away to breakdown plastics.

D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A great life doesn't happen by accident. A great life is the result of dividing your time， energy， and hard work towards what you want your life to be. Stop setting yourself up for stress and failure. ___36___Make the following secrets fit your own needs and style， and start creating your own great life today! A great life is the result of simplifying your life. People often misunderstand what simplification means.___37___Instead， it's away to free up your energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here. In order to create a great life， you will have to make room for it first.

A great life is the result of removing distractions(使人分心的事) .Up to 75%of your mental energy can be tied up in things that are not important but distracting you. Look around at someone's life you admire. What do they do that you would like to adopt in your own life? Ask them how they do it.___38___.

A great life is the result of your adjustments.___39___ It may mean thinking about again how you spend your time， or choosing to spend your money in a different way. It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy that agree with your particular definition of a great life.

___40___ There's an old saying everyone is familiar with—A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. In order to even move from the couch to the refrigerator， you have to start. There's no better time to start than today. It's what you do today that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.

A. A great life is the result of starting.

B. A great life is the result of having intention.

C. It's not a way to remove work from your life.

D. Start setting up your life to support success and ease.

E. So it requires that you should make some changes.

F. It's easy to spend your days on whatever gets your attention.

G. Then you will find ways to free up your mental energy for more important things.

第三部分  语法和词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

41.The thing about being a teacher is that you have a_______when they are open and eager to learn.

to children's minds

42.That is the way I roll， no matter what it is I'm a______myself to.

43.How often do we gets________in traffic jams?

44.We all know that if we are in a bad________(心情) ， we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings.

45.It helps you to understand what is wrong and what is right， explore the truth and develop cognition， r__________ of whether it's easy or what others' opinions are.

46. The police_________(arrest) the man who had broken into a jewellery shop

47.We a retired from_____(work) all day.

48.It is snowing heavily，__________makes children feel excited.

49.Liu sings_________(beautiful) and won the first prize in the singing competition.

50.I had my washing machine__________(fix) .

第四部分  书面表达(共25分)

为了共同防控新型冠状病毒性肺炎疫情，疫情期间教育部曾发布了延期开学的通知，全国各地执行“停课不停教，停课不停学”的工作安排，学生在家进行了网课学习。假定你是晨光中学的李华，作为参与网课学习的一员，请你向校刊《晨光日报》(Chen Guang Daily) 所开辟的“线上教学”(Online Teaching) 专栏投稿， 就网课学习体验谈谈线上教学的思考。

内容包括：(1)线上教学的利弊；

(2)个人观点与看法。

注意事项：(1)词数不少于100词；

(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：新型冠状病毒性肺炎COVID-19

Dear Editor，

I’m Li Hua from Chen Guang High School.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua