【期末考点专题】（牛津上海版）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题06- 重点语法知识梳理二：宾语从句及拓展专练50题 练习（原卷+解析）

专题06 重点语法知识梳理二：宾语从句及拓展专练100题

Grammar1：宾语从句

Ⅰ.概念

宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。

句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。

I like my teacher. （名词作宾语）

I know him. （代词作宾语）

I enjoy playing basketball. （动名词作宾语）

I decide to study hard. （不定式作宾语）

We know that Yao Ming is a famous basketball player.

宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。

Ⅱ.分类

1. 动词的宾语从句

He asked whose handwriting was the best.

2. 介词的宾语从句

It depends on whether it is going to rain.

3. 形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语

I am afraid that he can't finish the work.

Ⅲ. 三要素

一、语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。即主语+谓语的顺序。如：

I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.         

I think (that) you will like this school soon.

Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?    

Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.

注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：

What’s the matter with you?/ What’s wrong with you?/ What happened to you?/ What’s your trouble?/ What’s your problem?/ What’s up?

Who is sing?

Which is the way to the station?

【例】

1. Can you tell me ____?   

1. whom do we have to see        B. whom we have to see

C. who do we have to see    D. which was the way to the station

2. The teacher asked the students ____.

A. what they were doing          B. what were they doing

C. where will they go     D. where would they go

Key: BA

二、时态

1. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。即从句可用所需任何时态，如：

I don’t think (that) you are right.          

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?    

He says Mary is playing with the cat .      

He says Mary often plays with the cat.    

He says Mary will play with the cat.       

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），如：

He asked what time it was.

He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.

He asked if you had written to Peter.

He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.

【注意】直接引语变间接引语时态的变化：

He said,“ Mary is playing with the cat.” →       He said Mary was playing with the cat.

He said, “he will go back to China soon.” →     He said he would go back to China soon

3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制，如：

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.

Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.

The teacher said, “the moon moves around the sun.”

→ The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.

He said, “light travels much faster than sound.”

→ He said light travels much faster than sound.

4. 当主句为 Could you (please) tell us...?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。

Could you tell me when you will leave for Shanghai?

【小试牛刀】

1. My sister told me she _________ (be) free tomorrow.
2. I wanted to know if you __________(like) the movie.
3. The teacher told us the earth _________(go) around the sun.
4. Could you tell me if there __________(be) a hospital near here?

Key: 1. would be  2. liked  3. goes  4. is

三、连接词

1. 引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。动词一般为think/believe/consider...

He says, “You are right.”

He says that I am right.

注意：人称的变化

2. 引导一般疑问句用if或whether。动词一般为ask/ wonder/ don’t know...

He asks, “Will you go there?”

He asks if I will go there?

【注意】下列几种情况通常使用whether：

①与or not连用： 

Let me know whether you can come or not. 

②在介词之后：

It depends on whether it is going to rain.    

③在不定式之前：

We haven’t decided whether to go there.  

3. 引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。

He asks, “Where will you go?”

He asks where I will go.

【注意】宾语从句与简单句的转换

①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，agree，choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

I hope that I can receive your e-mail.

→ I hope to receive your email.

②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

She doesn’t know what she should do next.

→ She doesn’t know what to do next.

③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

Will you please show me how I can work it out?

→ Will you please show me how to work it out?

Ⅳ. 易错点

否定转移

在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe，guess，suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。

I think he will come with you, won’t he?

I don’t think he will come with you, will he?

They don’t believe he has finished the work, do they?

Ⅴ. 考纲词汇梳理:

1. It is not good for you to do homework while you are listening to the music or watching the cartoons. 在听音乐或者看卡通片的时候做作业对你来说是不好的。  

【拓展1】

compare A with B  A和B作比较    compare A to B 把A比作B

comparable adj.可比较的      comparison n.比较

【拓展2】

get a conclusion = draw a conclusion= come into a conclusion 得到一个结论

【拓展3】

out of date 过时        fashionable adj.时髦的 

【拓展4】

meet the needs of 满足...的条件= satisfy the needs of

2. Generally speaking, the class teacher is in charge of the class while the school is in the charge of the headmaster. 一般来说，班主任管理一个班级，而学校是由校长管理的。  

【拓展1】

总的来说 generally speaking 

近义词：in total = to sum up

【拓展2】

get a conclusion = draw a conclusion= come into a conclusion 得到一个结论

【拓展3】

sb. be in charge of sth. = sb. take charge of sth. 某人管理某物

sth. be in the charge/ control of

【拓展4】

while conj. 然而    表转折

3. Because of the toothache, he hasn't enjoyed the delicious dinner for several days so he has no choice but to ask the dentist for help. 由于牙疼，他已经好几天没有好好享受美味的餐点了，所以他别无选择只能去看牙医。  

【拓展1】

because of 因为= due to

because conj. 后接句子，because of 后接名词性短语

【拓展2】

have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事

can do nothing but do sth.

have nothing to do but do sth.

有do无to， 有to无do

【拓展3】

ask sb. for help = go/ turn to sb. for help寻求某人的帮助

4. With the development of science and technology, researchers will get more and more knowledge about space and other planets. 随着科技的发展，研究院将获得越来越多的有关太空和其他星球的知识。   

【拓展1】

with the development of 随着...的发展

【拓展2】

have a good knowledge of 对...掌握得好

common knowledge 常识

It is well known that...= It is common knowledge that...

同类：

have pity on sth. 同情某物     What a pity!真遗憾

be in favor of 支持       do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙

宾语从句拓展专练50题

一、单项选择

1．We don’t know if Anne ________. If she ________, we’ll let you know.

A．comes; comes B．comes; will come

C．will come; comes D．will come; will come

2．I did not know when the sun ________.

A．rise B．rose C．rises D．had risen

3．Can you tell what ________ the letter ________?

A．does;write B．/;says C．does;say D．/;write

4．The little boy asked me ________.

A．how was life without fresh water B．how life was like without fresh water

C．what was life like without fresh water D．what life was like without fresh water

5．Could you please tell me ________?

A．where is the new shopping mall B．where the new shopping mall lies

C．where the new shopping mall locates D．where the new shopping mall was

6．—Julie, could you tell me ________?

—Oh, I bought it in Hainan last summer.

A．where did you buy the beautiful hat B．where you bought the beautiful hat

C．where will you buy the beautiful hat D．where you will buy the beautiful hat

7．We have a class meeting about the War to Resist U. S. Aggression and Aid Korea(抗美援朝), because our school hopes that the students ________ the heroes of our country.

A．remember B．to remember C．remembering D．remembered

8．—Many people lost their lives when the building fell down.

—I’m sorry to hear the news. I wonder __________.

A．what caused the accident B．what was happening

C．where is the building D．how many people have they saved

9．—The students are excited about ________ for the coming trip.

—It’s natural for them to talk with excitement.

A．what will they do B．where they went C．how will they go there D．who will go with them

10．—Can I help you?

—Please tell me ________.

A．how much does the food cost B．how much the food cost

C．what’s the price of the food D．what the price of the food is

11．These photographs will show you ________.

A．what does Putuo District look like B．what Putuo District looks like

C．how does putuo District look like D．how Putuo District looks like

12．—Do you know if he _______tomorrow?

—No. But if he _______, I’ll call you.

A．will come; will come B．comes: will come

C．is coming; come D．will come; comes

13．—What did Kate say to you just now?

—She wanted to know _______.

A．when did the basketball competition start yesterday

B．what was happening to the players when the basketball competition started yesterday

C．why was she late for the basketball competition

D．what is the result of the basketball competition

14．Can you tell me _________ I will have an outing or not?

A．that B．if C．whether D．when

15．Mary asked ______.

A．where would she spend her holiday B．where she would spend her holiday

C．where will she spend her holiday D．where she will spend her holiday

16．—Do you know _______?

—Yes. They’re from New York.

A．what do the tourists do B．where the tourists are from

C．what the tourists do D．where are the tourists from

17．I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do.

A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write

18．As a middle school student, we should start thinking about ________ for our country.

A．what we did B．what did we do C．what we can do D．what can we do

19．—I want to know ________ we will have the meeting.

—Maybe in the classroom.

A．where B．when C．who D．whether

20．We came to realize ________.

A．for what reason he doesn’t come B．how he didn’t come

C．what he didn’t come D．why he didn’t come

21．—What did Max just say to you?

—He asked me __________.

A．who did the housework B．where I will spend the weekend

C．that I had a good time D．when did I go to bed

22．Could you tell me ________ next, Mr. Black?

A．what I should do B．what should I do C．how should I do D．how I should do

23．There are many computers in the office. Make sure ________ the door before you leave.

A．to lock B．you lock C．for locking D．locking

24．—What will you get from working with foreign children?

—It is hard to know ________ before we start. But we can be friends, I think.

A．what to happen B．when to happen C．what will happen D．how to happen

25．I don’t know if he ________ tomorrow. If he ________, we’ll climb the mountain.

A．comes; comes B．comes; will come

C．will come; comes D．will come; will come

26．—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you?

—Of course. It’s easy.

A．how can I send B．how I could send

C．how to send D．what to send

27．I don’t know ________ I am free this afternoon.

A．what B．if C．where D．that

28．I understood ________.

A．what you say B．what you said

C．that you say D．that you said

29．Do you know ________ he is a teacher or not?

A．if B．whether C．that D．what

30．She asked me whose jacket ________.

A．is it B．it is C．it was D．was it

31．—I don’t know ________ the old man is. Can you tell me?

—He will help us with our English.

A．why B．who C．that D．which

32．I don’t know ________ he will be back or not.

A．if B．whether C．that D．what

33．I don’t know if his son ________ again. Please let me know if he ________.

A．will come; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; will come D．comes; comes

34．Could you tell me ________ it is necessary to have a short rest after lunch?

A．that B．if C．what D．which

35．I don’t know ________ she can finish the work by the end of this month.

A．if B．while C．when D．unless

36．Mike didn’t tell us _________.

A．if he will give us a lecture B．whether he would go with us

C．when he has started D．when he will arrive

37．I don’t know how _________ at that moment.

A．the fire starts B．the fire started

C．will the fire start D．has the fire started

38．Ben is thinking about ________ for the newspaper.

A．what picture would he draw B．what picture would draw

C．what picture he would draw D．what picture should he draw

39．No one could understand ________.

A．what he was talking about B．that he was talking about

C．he was talking about D．about what he was talking to

40．He has told me that he ________ an engineer.

A．was B．is C．were D．been

41．Mary said that practice ________ perfect.

A．made B．makes C．make D．making

42．—What did the shopkeeper say to you?

—She asked me ________. She may be afraid that I don’t have enough money.

A．how much the skirt is B．where I saw the style

C．how I would pay for the dress D．what else I will buy

43．Could you tell me ________ by WeChat?

A．what can we do B．what we can do

C．what do we do D．what we do

44．—Mum, the summer holiday is coming. I wonder ________.

—How about Beijing?

A．where can we go B．where we can go C．how we can go D．how can we go

45．Could you tell me ________?

A．where is he from B．if it rains tomorrow

C．what’s the matter with him D．when he has gone to Africa

46．— Do you know ________?    

— No, I don’t. Maybe he got hurt.

A．how did he get to the theatre B．why he gave up the race

C．when will he leave for China D．what he has bought for you

47．I wonder ________ in the past.

A．what was life like here B．what is life like here

C．what life was like here D．what life is like here

48．—Could you tell me ________ the Dragon Boat Festival in China?

—Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi.

A．when do people celebrate B．why people celebrate

C．how people celebrate D．what people celebrate

49．My mother asked me ________ this morning.

A．why did I get up late B．why I got up late

C．why do I get up late D．why I get up late

50．Could you please ________.

A．which is the way to the museum B．which the way is to the museum

C．which the way to the museum is D．the way to the museum is which