【期末专题复习】（全国通用）2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期：专题04 阅读理解（一） 练习（原卷+解析）

专题 03阅读理解（一） - 八年级下期末专题汇编

文章导读

专练01本文本文介绍了北京冬奥会和残奥会的吉祥物。

专练02是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新型冠状病毒名字的来源。

专练03本文介绍京张高速列车“雪梦”列车机组的一员吴一凡忙碌的日常工作。

专练04本文以表格的形式介绍了几条新闻消息。

专练05本文主要介绍了吃播的兴起以及它存在的问题。

专练06本文主要介绍了5G网络，它可以将所有人和所有的事物连接在一起，它将在自动驾驶汽车、智能飞机、在线学习、远程治疗等方面发挥作用。

专练07本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍如何进行“垃圾分类”的细则，主要介绍4种垃圾的分类。

专练08本文主要介绍了上海十岁男童骑共享单车,发生交通事故的事情。作者希望经过大家的努力,确保这样的惨剧不再发生。

专练09文中三名送餐员讲述了各自糟糕的送餐经历。

专练10本文主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，到最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。

阅读理解真题专练01

 （2022秋·河南郑州·八年级校考期末）When we are born, we are given names that stay with us for our whole lives. Some names include(包括) wishes and hopes from parents, while others may be special and easy to remember. But do you know how the new coronavirus got its name?

According to International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, an organization responsible(负责的) for naming new viruses(病毒), the task of naming a virus is no less important than naming a person.

Over the past decade, some improper names have caused problems. In 2009, the “swine flu” was widely used before the official name, HINI virus, was announced(宣告). This led Egypt to kill all of it pigs even though it appeared and spread(传播) among people who hadn’t been near pigs. In 2015, MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) caused some actions against the nations and people of this area.

So in 2015, the World Health Organization(WHO) announced that the names of viruses should be easy to remember but avoid being named after geographic locations, people, species or classes of animals and foods.

Following these rules, the new coronavirus we are suffering from was named “COVID-19” by the WHO on Feb.11. In this name, “CO” means “corona”, “VI” stands for “virus” and “D” means “disease”.

Next time you read about a virus you don’t know, you may get some clues about it from its name.

1．Why does the writer write the first paragraph?

A．Because he wants to lead in the topic of the text.

B．Because he wants to show his feelings.

C．Because he wants to remind the readers of their names.

D．Because he wants to tell us the background (背景) of names.

2．What does the underlined sentence mean?

A．Naming a virus is as important as naming a person.

B．Naming a virus is less important than naming a person.

C．Naming a virus is the most important thing for a person.

D．Naming a virus is more important than naming a person.

3．Which of the following is an official name of a virus?

A．Swine flu. B．World Health Organization.

C．Coronavirus. D．COVID-19.

4．What do we know about the “Swine flue” and “MERS”?

A．They both broke out in Middle East. B．They both spread among pigs.

C．They were both improper names. D．They both appeared in the same year.

5．What is the main idea of this text?

A．How did the new coronavirus get its name?

B．How does WHO deal with virus?

C．What have virus have done to the world?

D．Why does a new virus have a name?

阅读理解真题专练02

（2022春·河南驻马店·八年级统考期末）

        Bing Dwen Dwen                        Shuey Rhon Rhon

Hello, my friends! Nice to meet you! My name is Bing Dwen Dwen. I’m the mascot（吉祥物）of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. I’m a black and white panda. I have big eyes, a small nose and a small mouth. My arms and legs are short. What is it on my left hand? Haha, it is a heart pattern（一个心形图案）to welcome friends all over the world to come to China. In Chinese, “bing” means ice and “dwen dwen” means lively. The panda is a symbol of China. Bing Dwen Dwen’s helmet（头盔）means the snow and ice of winter sports.

Who is that? It is my good friend, Shuey Rhos Rhon. It is the mascot of Paralympic Winter Games. It looks like a red lantern（灯笼）. It has two small eyes. Its arms and legs are short, too. We are very cute. “Shuey” is the Chinese word for snow and “Rhon Rhon” stands for tolerance and integration（宽容和融合）. In Chinese culture,  lanterns mean harvest（丰收）, warmth and light. People think we are wonderful mascots for China and the Olympic Games Beijing.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

6．Bing Dwen Dwen is the mascot of _________.

A．the 2022 Winter Olympic Games

B．the 2022 Paralympic Winter Games

C．the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Olympic Games

D．Beijing Paralympic Winter Games

7．W hat color is Bing Dwen Dwen?

A．Red. B．Red and black. C．Black and white. D．White.

8．What means to welcome friends all over the world to come to China?

A．Bing Dwen Dwen. B．The heart pattern

C．Shuey Rhon Rhon. D．The red lantern.

9．What does Shuey Rhon Rhon look like?

A．A panda. B．A mascot. C．A red lantern. D．A heart pattern.

10．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Both Bing Dwen Dwen and Shuey Rhon Rhon have short arms and legs.

B．Lanterns mean “harvest, warmth and light” in Chinese culture.

C．Bing Dwen Dwen’s helmet stands for tolerance and integration.

D．“dwen dwen” means lively.

阅读理解真题专练03（2022春·湖北·八年级统考期末）

Wu Yifan, 26, is a member of the “Snow Dream” crew on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed train. The crew members, with an average age of 25, serve on the Fuxing EMU trains from Beijing North to Taizicheng and to Yanqing. In addition to providing daily services, she also offers foreign language services.

In 2018, Wu stopped her job in Xi’an to work as a train conductor in Beijing. On March 1, 2020, the Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway “Snow Dream” crew was set up, and Wu was one of the crew members. Her childhood dream of helping in the Winter Olympics finally came true.

“Any work or post has two sides: an ordinary one and a fantastic side. We’re just a small part of the crowd. Be kinder to the world, and the world will repay you with kindness”. In the last days of 2021, Wu wrote those words on Weibo.

As always, before 6 am, she began to prepare for the day ahead: washing, putting on makeup, changing clothes and checking protective equipment (防护装备).

Before leaving on Dec 30, she recited the Chinese and English speeches in her mind again. She was preparing for the second anniversary of the opening of the railway. Then she went on her way to work-to the snow country.

11．What may Wu Yifan be good at in the “Snow Dream” crew?

A．Driving the train. B．Playing sports.

C．Playing with snow. D．Speaking English.

12．When did Wu’s dream come true?

A．In 2018. B．In 2020. C．In 2021. D．In 2022.

13．Wu wrote on Weibo that she wanted to  .

A．get something back B．be kinder to the world

C．do well in the speech D．stand on the special side

14．In paragraph 4, we may use the word “ ” to describe Wu.

A．busy B．smart C．strong D．healthy

15．What did Wu prepare the Chinese and English speeches for?

A．Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.

B．The setting up of the “Snow Dream” crew.

C．Working as a good train conductor in Beijing.

D．The second anniversary of the opening of the railway.

阅读理解真题专练04（2022秋·江苏泰州·八年级统考期末）

16．Why did the international students visit local communities?

A．To learn Chinese. B．To experience Spring Festival culture.

C．To find happiness and good fortune. D．They only learned to write fu character.

17．How did Xiadang villagers have their income?

A．They grew rose. B．They shared tea with others.

C．They grew and made tea on their own. D．They bought tea from other cities.

18．Where was ‘Memory5D+’ shown for the first time?

A．In Beijing. B．In Xiadang. C．In Zhenjiang. D．In Changchun.

19．How old may the Pandas at Jilin Siberian Tiger Park be?

A．One year old. B．Three years old. C．Two months old. D．Three months old.

20．How many kilograms of fresh bamboo does the zoo need every day?

A．Around 500 kilograms. B．Around 1000 kilograms.

C．Around 2500 kilograms. D．Around 100 kilograms.

阅读理解真题专练05

（2022秋·福建福州·八年级统考期末）Do you know mukbang? It is about the eating shows in front of the camera on the Internet. In the shows, mukbangers eat food and sometimes talk to people who watch their videos.

The eating shows started in South Korea in around 2010 and there are many viewers (观看者) from all over the world. Why did mukbang start in this country?

Actually, South Korea has the culture of eating together. But nowadays, eating alone is quite usual in the country. Watching mukbang can be a way to have someone to eat with. People can chat with others when they are at home alone.

However, mukbang has its dark sides. The way mukbangers eat food in some shows isn’t healthy. These bad eating habits can bring serious health problems. What’s worse, some mukbangers prepare a lot of food but throw away much food during the show or after the show. These mukbangers waste (浪费) a lot of food.

Now, many people criticize such shows. Food waste is a serious problem around the world, and there are lots of people who still don’t have enough food to eat. Our country does a lot of things to solve the problem and asks short video platforms (平台), such as Tiktok and Kuaishou, to take action.

21．If we watch mukbang videos, we may probably see ________

A．someone telling stories B．someone having food

C．someone cooking a meal D．someone selling things

22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the second paragraph?

A．Mukbang appeared 10 years ago.

B．Very few people in South Korea eat on their own.

C．People only in South Korea like watching mukbang.

D．Watching mukbang makes viewers feel they aren’t eating alone.

23．What dark sides of mukbang are mentioned?

①Mukbangers may show unhealthy eating habits to the viewers.

②Some mukbangers don’t eat all the food they prepare and throw much away.

③Some mukbangers don’t have enough food to eat.

A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．①②③

24．What does the underlined word “criticize” mean in Chinese?

A．表扬 B．报道 C．批评 D．期待

25．From the last paragraph, we learn that ________.

A．Tiktok and Kuaishou help to waste food

B．our country does nothing to solve food waste

C．some mukbangers prepare too much food to eat

D．short video platforms should help to solve the problem of food waste

阅读理解真题专练06

（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）5G is coming. 5G is the 5th generation(代) network. It is a new network after 1 G, 2 G, 3 G and 4G. It can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data speed. One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.

5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission(传输) to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve(达到) this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet and can order for food and drinks.

5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas.in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.

It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.

The facts listed above are only a part of what is 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore. Now let’s welcome the coming of 5G.

26．How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G?

A．15 seconds. B．8 seconds. C．10 minutes. D．2 hours.

27．The underlined word “remotely” means “________“.

A．快速地 B．高效地 C．远程地 D．科学地

28．5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT ________.

A．self-driving cars B．“smart” airplanes C．online classes D．hospitals without doctors

29．About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned(提到) in the passage?

A．to be used freely B．super-fast data speed

C．to connect everyone and everything together D．to make life more convenient than 4G

30．What is the title of the passage?

A．How to use 5G. B．5G is not safe.

C．5G can change our life in the future. D．5G can help poor students.

阅读理解真题专练07

（2021春·湖北黄冈·八年级统考期末）It is important to sort（分类）your rubbish. If you sort your rubbish, you are helping to protect the environment and save our earth. If you don’t do this, the rubbish will be everywhere and we can’t plant things on it. Some kinds of rubbish will pollute the soil（泥土）and the water. For example, the bad things in phones can run out and pollute the ground. Other rubbish, like some parts of pens, can be used to make other things.

Here are four kinds of rubbish:

31．How many kinds of rubbish can we sort?

A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.

32．Which kind of rubbish do the useless phones belong to?

A．Harmful. B．Wet. C．Dry. D．Recyclable.

33．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the “Wet”?

A．Pigs can eat it. B．It will pollute the soil and water.

C．We can call it “household waste”. D．Banana skin is one kind of Wet rubbish.

34．What will happen if we don’t sort the rubbish?

A．We will have fewer places to grow plants. B．We will have a better environment.

C．We are helping to save our earth. D．All of the rubbish will pollute the soil and the water.

35．Where can we find this article?

A．A movie. B．A newspaper. C．A story book. D．A dictionary

阅读理解真题专练08

（2022秋·河南周口·八年级校考期末）Have you ever used shared bikes? What do you think of this new “fashion”? Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to have shared bikes. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. They are popular, in fact, not only among adults but also among teens. On streets wide and narrow, there are some accidents involving shared bikes. These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.

One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was cycling on an ofo bike. He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy’s parents are not by his side. Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike. He was only about 10 years old.

The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to regulate bike sharing. The regulations are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided upon. For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes. Users must be between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall.

However, it could be hard to put these regulations into effect. Young children can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That’s because many ofo bikes use manual locks. If a user did not lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away. Ofo has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to install the new locks on all of its bikes. I hope we can do more work to make sure the accident like this never happen again.

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

36．What does the underlined word “involving” mean in Chinese? ______

A．影响 B．涉及 C．移动 D．破坏

37．Which of the following statements about the accident mentioned in paragraph 2 is NOT true? ______

A．The accident took place in Shanghai.

B．A primary school student died in the accident.

C．The boy’s parents were not with him when the accident happened.

D．The boy learned to ride a bike just one day before the accident happened.

38．What is ofo going to do in order to prevent such an accident from happening again? ______

A．To stop children under 12 from using its service.

B．To ask everybody to park and lock its bikes properly.

C．To ask Shanghai’s traffic police for help.

D．To replace all of its manual locks with electronic ones.

39．According to Shanghai’s new bike sharing regulations, which one of the following people can ride a shared bike in Shanghai? ______

A．Linda 10 years old 1.4 m tall 46 kg

B．Sam 14 years old 1.57 m tall 53 kg

C．David 72 years old 1.66 m tall 60 kg

D．Betty 13 years old 1.44 m tall 48 kg

40．Why does the author write the passage? ______

A．To introduce us to the popularity of bike sharing services in Shanghai.

B．To teach readers how to use a shared bike.

C．To ask readers to make efforts so that young children cannot ride shared bikes.

D．To show us the development of the bike sharing services in Shanghai.

阅读理解真题专练09

（2020春·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·八年级校考期末）Ordering take-out food online is very common in our lives. But did you think of those take-out couriers (送餐员)? How do they send your food? Let’s read some of their experiences.  

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

41．What happened to Xiao Wu that morning?

A．He couldn’t find his e-bike. B．His customer hit him.

C．He couldn’t find his customer. D．He lost his food.

42．Why was the customer angry with Xiao Liu from Beijing?

A．Because he arrived late.

B．Because the bottles were broken.

C．Because Xiao Liu poured the milk onto the ground.

D．Because the milk was bad.

43．What does the underlined phrase “lodge a complaint” mean in Chinese?

A．安慰 B．咨询 C．投诉 D．奖励

44．Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Xiao Liu got a fine of 50 yuan.

B．Lao Hu’s right leg was hurt.

C．Lao Hu didn’t want to give up his job.

D．Xiao Wu’s e-bike was broken.

45．What does the writer want to tell us mainly?

A．Sending take-out food by e-bike is dangerous.

B．The job of a food courier is a very common job.

C．More and more take-out couriers will give up their jobs.

D．Take-out couriers’ work is hard, so all of us should take care of them.

阅读理解真题专练10

（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Jodie’s daddy is a garbage man (垃圾清理工)

Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls laughed. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s daddy is a garbage man!”

Everybody in the class laughed out loudly, except Jodie. She felt her face turned red.

“Silence!” Mr. Swales said, “being a garbage man is a difficult and useful job. We all should be grateful to Jodie’s father.”

Jodie’s father came to take her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him as she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time.

Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?”

Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,”he said, “they are right. Being a garbage man is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.”

The place really smelt too bad. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes, you won’t smell anything,” said her father.

Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck.

It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soon got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy.

“Garbage is dirty, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making others happy. That’s why I like being a garbage man so much.”

Jodie gave her dirty, smelly garbage man daddy a big kiss. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbage girl!”

Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbage man! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!”

46．What happened in Mr Swales’ class?

A．He wanted to show what job was the most useful. B．He asked an improper question.

C．Jodie gave an honest answer. D．The other students laughed at Jodie.

47．Which of the following is NOT true according to this story?

A．Jodie didn’t run up to her father the way she always did.

B．Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time after she got back home.

C．Jodie gave her father a sweet kiss as usual.

D．Jodie told her father what had happened and had a talk with her father.

48．Why did Jodie’s father take her to his workplace?

A．To make Jodie cool down. B．To prove how dirty his job was.

C．To help Jodie learn about his job. D．To help Jodie do her homework.

49．Jodie gave her father a big kiss mainly because ________.

A．he was energetic B．he was unselfish C．he was curious D．he was modest

50．How does Jodie feel about her father now?

A．Sad. B．Dirty. C．Angry. D．Proud.