上海市晋元高级中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期末测试英语试题

晋元高级中学2020-2021学年第二学期期末考试

高二年级英语学科试卷

考试时间：120分钟满分：150分

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you wil hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of eachconversation, aquestion will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answerson your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. Satisfied.    B.Annoyed.    C.Relaxed.     D. Worried.

2. A. He is a chairman.    B. He's a doctor.    C. He's a professor.   D. He's a carpenter.

3. A. Accident victims.    B. Rescue work.    C.Air crashes.     D. Crash survivors.

4.A.They can't afford to rent an apartment in that neighborhood.

B. The neighborhood is too far away.

C. They don't need a new apartment.

D. She hopes that they can rent it as soon as possible.

5.A. To have her heater repaired.    B. To complain about her heater.

C. To order a new heater.D. To look for a certain repairman.

6.A. Because she doesn't like the flat.   B. Because she needs a better roommate.

C. Because it's cheaper to live in the dormitory.

D. Because the present flat is too small for her.

7.A. Some people think they know more than they do.

B. Some people like to hide their thoughts.

C. What the woman said is wrong.

D. He knows more than the woman does.

8.A. He is not treated equally as his coworkers.

B. He is not well paid for his work.

C. He doesn't think the job is challenging enough.

D. He cannot keep focused on his work.

9.A. She shouldn't listen to Mark anymore.

B. She should pay little attention to what Mark says.

C. She shouldn't do things negatively.

D. She should take Mark's remarks seriously.

10. A. She thinks the pollution level is too high to be true.

B. She is sure that the equipment is broken.

C. She doesn't believe the man at all.

D. She is annoyed by the wrong report about the pollution level.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you wil hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you wil beasked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversationwill be read twice, but the questions wil be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. Children's reading difficulties.      B. Advantages of raising dogs.

C. Service in a public library.       D. A special reading program.

12. A. Because dogs are young children's best friends.

B. Because children can play with dogs while reading.

C. Because dogs can provide encouragement for shy children.

D. Because children and dogs understand each other.

13. A. It's used in Saturday classes.    B. It's written by the children.

C. It's a prize for the children.      D. It's a gift from parents.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. To lose weight.      B. To respond to climate change.

C. To take special kinds of food.   D. To improve their health condition.

15. A. It is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time.

B. It seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2.

C. The average U.S. household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a month.

D. The average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month.

16. A. Saving Energy at Home.    B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work.

C. Climate Change is Real.    D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. She was a bank manager.      B. She was a victim of the robbery.

C. She was a defense lawyer.      D. She was a witness to the crime.

18. A. He was more than seven feet tall.    B. He was in his late thirties.

C. He was wearing a dark sweater.   D. He was wearing a shirt under a jacket.

19. A. Identify the suspect from pictures.  B. Go upstairs to sign some documents.

C. Have her photo taken for their files.    D. Verify the record of what she had said.

20.

I1. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fil in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

3D Printing in Food Production

There's a new frontier(前沿，尖端) in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Over the past few years, researchers (21)_______(develop) machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook (22) _______ print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. A restaurant in Spain has re-created forms and pieces of food (23)_______are "exactly the same," freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes (24)_______ (produce) by 3D printing rather than farm to table are well received among customers.

Sustainability(可持续性)

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. As is known to all, sustainability is (25)_______ people nowadays put great emphasis on. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients, thus (26)_______ (reduce) fuel use and air pollution.

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food much (27)_______ (healthy). A professor at Columbia University said, “Food printing could allow consumers (28)_______ (print) food with individualized nutritional content. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you'd eat something baked just for you on demand."

Challenges

(29)_______ recent developpment in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste (糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming (30)_______ ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are doubtful about 3D food printers believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

You'll Often Walk Alone

There has been a quiet pandemic (流行病) developing while most people's attention has been on Covid-19. The lockdown has worsened a problem that has been  31  in many developed nations for decades: loneliness.

Part of the problem  32  from contemporary employment. Globally, two in five office workers feel lonely at work. This rises to three in five in Britain. Gig-economy(零工经济) jobs can leave people with  33  incomes and without the companionship of colleagues. The pandemic has made it more difficult to make, and maintain, friendships, particularly for new employees. Even before the crisis, the hope that  34  offices would encourage greater camaraderie(友情) proved t be false. Many people find the chatter  35  and withdraw with noise-canceling headphones; they then email colleagues who are sitting only a few desks away.

Perhaps lonelines relates to human history. Mass urbanization is a relatively recent development; if the history of human existence was  36  into a single day, the Industrial Revolution did not occur until almost midnight. For much of that time, humans lived in smal groups of hunter-gatherers; cities may just overwhelm the senses. Ms Hertz points her finger at a recent development: social media. The internet has led to much cyber-bullying (although it has also been a source of companionship during the lockdown). And people  37  to their smart phones spend less time interacting socially.

Some changes in behavior are owing to  38  choice. Before the pandemic no one was stopping people going to church or taking part in sports. They  39   preferred to do other things. Indeed, one reason for the decline in communal activities is that men choose to be with their families rather than  40   to the bar; American fathers spend three times as much time with their children as they did in the 1960s. That is surely a welcome development. So recreating a communal society may be difficult..

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C andD. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Feel Like You're Falling Behind Your Peers?

It's never pleasant to fall behind others that we consider similar to ourselves. The traditional wisdom says "stop competing with others and only compete with yourself." But that's easier said than done. With the rise of social media, it's hard to avoid  41  of your colleagues' accomplishments if you want to stay connected. But  42  that knowledge can have benefits. A recent study shows that it can become a source of   43   in both one's work and life.

So how can you take advantage of the positive benefits of competition without suffering from the insecurity it may  44   ?

Track your triggers(起因).

The stress of feeling behind your peers can emerge in many  45  throughout the day. It might be hearing your boss compliment another colleague, or watching your colleagues leave their 9-5 job to build businesses of their own.

It's vital to pay attention to the things that tend to cause you to compare yourself with others, because if you are  46  that these are triggers, you can transform them into opportunities for a more productive response.

Shift to purposeful re-framing.

Once you  47  the situations that arouse these negative feelings in you, you may decide to quit any action that could cause you to feel insecure. But that's rarely a(n)  48  or practical solution. For instance, you probably can't avoid hearing what your boss says about you or your colleagues. A better approach is to  49  engage those feelings to your benefit. Instead of saying to yourself, “I wish I did that," ask yourself, "Why can't I do that?" Then take some time to listen to what ideas emerge in your mind.

  50    a personal strength to regain validation (认可).

During the period of insecurity, you may start to consider how you can  51  others. Double down on your strengths and express them to the world. An executive coaching client of mine was heartbroken that his planned promotion this year was postponed due to the pandemic. He  52  that his future prospects for promotion to this position would slowly disappear.

To get out of his negative state, he decided to harness (利用) his writing talent. He  53  a thoughtful article for the company blog on how to effectively and positively lead others through the current crisis. Countless junior and senior colleagues expressed their gratitude for his honest and optimistic guidance. This feedback,  54  , made him confident about his value. Any efforts in your career and life will  55  bring self-comparison and insecurity. But whenever you feel like you are falling behind others, you can use these strategies to regain your confidence and excel in the competitions that genuinely matter to you.

41.A.evidence     B.hints     C.exchanges     D.criticism

42.A.therefore   B.moreover     C.in brief      D. in fact

43. A. entertainment    B.pride   C.inspiration    D.identity

44.A.suffer      B.ensure       C.breed        D.seize

45. A.accents     B. forms      C.sizes         D.cultures

46.A.aware       B.glad       C.relieved      D.surprised

47.A.ignore      B.seek        C.report        D.track

48.A.adaptive    B.reasonable   C.innovative    D.diplomatic

49.A.deliberately   B.extremely   C.reluctantly    D. effortlessly

50.A.Detect      B.Reserve     C.Qualify       D.Exhibit

51. A. make use of   B. catch up with    C. give in to    D. put up with

52. A. confirmed    B.worried    C. doubted      D.instructed

53.A.copied       B. reviewed    C.composed     D.quoted

54. A.however     B.besides      C. for example     D. in tum

55.A.inevitably    B.sensitively    C. unfortunately    D.visibly

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Denmis's Swamp creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp(沼泽).

"So," Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. "How did this place get its name? "

"Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story,"warned Jack.

“Of course!" cried out Tom. "If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn't have chosen this place!"

"Ok, but don't say I didn't warn you," said Jack, and he began this tale."Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different—it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice."

'You are clearing too much land,' warned one old man. 'The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it.'

" 'Silly fool,' said Dennis to himself. 'If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous!'"

"Dennis continued to chop down trees. Smal animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping (渗出) to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants."

"What happened?" Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.

"The land hit back---just as the old man warned," Jack shrugged. "Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found."

"What a stupid story," laughed Tom. "Plants can't .." Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted. The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered Tom's face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.

56. The underlined word "dare" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A. courage    B. assistance    C.instruction     D. challenge

57. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?

A. The old man envied him.            B. The old man was foolish.

C. He was too busy to listen to others.    D. He was greedy for more crops.

58. Why did Tom scream and faint?

A. He saw Dennis's shadow.

B. He was scared by a plant.

C. His friends played a joke on him.

D. The weather became extremely cold.

59. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?

A.Grasp all, lose all.      B. No sweat, no sweet.

C. It is no use crying over spilt milk.     D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.

(B)

60. One can comfort a friend who has failed an exam by saying “_____ ," as quoted in a 1970s song.

A. let it go   B. let your hair down    C.turn the page    D.keep a poker face

61.What can we infer about "the current money situation" mentioned in the third box?

A. The diners were likely to be short of capital.

B. The restaurant chef was probably in heavy debt.

C. The speaker was confident of an economic boom.

D. The boat owner threatened to withdraw his funds.

62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Magic of English Idioms in Animations

B. Idioms--Inspiration for Popular Music

C. Cheer Yourself up in the World of Music

D. Useful Idioms from Popular Song Titles

(C)

Nobody ever said science education was easy. Certainly the concepts like quantum mechanics (量子力学) can be hard to grasp. But what really makes our reaching complicated is that we're also trying to teach the subject while helping students understand the nature of science itself.

All too often, young people get the impression that science is about learning certain "laws" and then applying them to different situations. Rather, science is the process of building the concepts through the collection of experimental evidence. Let's not call these concepts laws, but models. Science is all about building and testing models.

Of course, we can't start from scratch. If students had to build their own models from the ground up, it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers. As Isaac Newton said, we stand on the shoulders of giants. We must go from models built by others.

But there's still another challenge in science education less recognized: Students often enter a course with their own unarticulated ideas about how the world works. We call these "misconceptions", but it's important to realize that these are also models, based on their life experiences, which "make sense" to the students.

What I'd like to suggest is that this actually provides a great way into the adventure of science and an opportunity to meet our objectives as educators. If you can create a situation that challenges students' assumptions and produces conceptual conflict, that's a great opportunity for learning. Here's an example that I've used on the topic of light rays. I set up a point light source and put a piece of cardboard in front of it. There's a small pinhole in the cardboard and a white screen behind. What do you expect to see? No surprise: A light shining through a pinhole makes a dot on the screen. But what if I have TWO light sources with the same single hole? Many students complain that science is tricky.

OK, that is a problem. The point isn't supposed to be that science is tricky but that learning is tricky. It's hard to change students' ideas, so we deliberately put them in a position to confront their internal model. Here, students have the idea that the spot on the screen is due to the pinhole --a natural conclusion-- so one hole means one spot. But actually light travels radially outward from each light source in straight lines. (Check the top view (俯视图) of the two lights, the pinhole, and the screen below.) But really, the answer is not the point. What I'm saying here is that in education, we set things up so students get it wrong. That's how they learn. Learning requires getting past their own ideas. You can't get physically fit without breaking a sweat and you can't really learn, at a fundamental level, without a little conflict in your head.

63. The underlined phrase "from scratch" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to "____"

A. from the very beginning    B. based on basic concepts

C. according to various situations   D. under the guidance of predecessors

64. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The teaching of the complex science concepts is the most difficult.

B. Learning science is all about putting theory to practice.

C. Life experiences contribute to students' knowledge of the world.

D. Students' own idea of how things work isn't eligible for a model.

65. The top view mentioned in the writer's experiment is____.

               A                                         B

              C                                         D

66. According to the writer, what's the best way to teach science?

A. Get the concepts and laws across to the students clearly.

B. Help students to distinctively tell laws and models apart.

C. Make science questions less tricky and more to the point.

D. Set up experiments to challenge students' predictions.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Eachsentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Distance or Face-to-Face Learning: What's the Difference?

Although many people think it is a modern phenomenon, distance learning has been around for at least 200 years in one form or another.

When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet.   67   In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also mean that learners have to be well-organized and self-disciplined. They must therefore be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning courses.

   68   . Namely, the teacher is the "knower," and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through lectures, seminars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning course, where the teacher may seldom or indeed never actually meet the student. This may make it hard for teachers to understand their learners' specific learning needs.

   69   . Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common. Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time and geography must also be considered when contrasting these two types of learning. Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location.    70    .

In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities between the two systems, which can both produce positive results.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passagein no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

71. Teaching Is "One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK"

The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary school teaching, and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who would "seriously consider" teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.

The main drawback(缺点) of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary.

Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs. Joanne Manners, 24, is a good example: "I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher---but I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, so I decided not to become a teacher."

It's not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people don't want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Here's the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London: "I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers."

The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers' pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also indicates that the govermment could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.

V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72.我们的友谊能经受时间的考验吗？(stand)

73.袁隆平把毕生奉献给了农业研究的故事非常感人。(commit)

74.不管遇到什么困难，我们相信探索越多，就越可能取得成功。(likely)

75.村民们从没想到这些看似笨拙的大象会用鼻子打开水龙头，一顿畅饮。(Never)

76.正是他在面试中表现出来的谦虚和博学使他能胜任这个许多人争相竞争的岗位。(It)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

请描述漫画内容，并结合自己的生活实际，就漫画主题发表感想。

(参考词汇：搜题程序Search Questions Apps)

参考答案

1-10  DDBAA   CACBA    11-20  DCC   BBA   DCAB

21-30  have developed, can, which , produced, what

      reducing , healthier, to print, Despite , because

31-40  FABJ I    CEDHG

41-55  ADCDB   AABBD   BCADD

56-59  ADBA    60-62 CAD   63-66  ADCD   67-70  DFEB

Summary

   A report finds that it is hard for many secondary schools to find teachers. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, secondary teachers’ salary is lower than most jobs. Besides, many schools have discipline problems and teachers don’t get more respect now. Therefore, it is suggested that government should raise pay and publicize the advantages of teaching.

72. Can our friendship stand the test of time?

73. The story of Yuan Longping who commited all his life to agricultural study is very moving.

74. Whatever difficulties we meet, we still believe that the more we explore, the more likely we are to achieve success.

75. Never have the villagers thought of the scene where seemingly awkward elephants open the water taps with noses and drink freely.

76. It is the modesty and extensive knowledge that he has shown in the interview that makes him qualified for the position many people are competing for.

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