2023年江苏省常州市中考英语模拟试卷（一）-普通用卷

这是一份2023年江苏省常州市中考英语模拟试卷（一）-普通用卷，共24页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，补全对话-填空，阅读理解，阅读填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年江苏省常州市中考英语模拟试卷（一）
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
1. — Have you got________ticket to the second China international import Expo，Lisa？
— Not yet.It is_______pity that I missed the chance.（　　）
A. a；/ B. the；/ C. a：a D. the；a
2. To spread our traditional culture，many teenagers came up with new .For example，Suansuan，a college student，has posted over 50 videos on Bilibili to show her love for our culture.（　　）
A. methods B. messages C. meanings D. medicines
3. — Why did you buy such a small shelf？_______books_______shoes can be put on it.
—But my blind boxes can，I guess.（　　）
A. Both；and B. Neither；nor
C. Either；or D. Not only；but also
4. —Is there anything special in today's newspaper？
—Yes.The elevator in a tall flat went wrong and got trapped_______the floors.（　　）
A. among B. through C. between D. across
5. 一Hi，Jack!Surprised to see you here!
一My father is here on a business trip.My family this city for 2 weeks.（　　）
A. have gone to B. have been to C. have left for D. have been in
6. Nowadays you are supposed not to miss taking your temperature_______you enter the school because of the spring flu.（　　）
A. unless B. until C. after D. before
7. —Who_______be responsible（负责的） for this traffic accident？
—It's not the right time to discuss that._______，we should send her to hospital.（　　）
A. should；Above all B. must；In all
C. can；At all D. may；Of all
8. Mike only ________ work that excites him，even if it means turning down a lot of money.（　　）
A. takes off B. takes on C. takes out D. takes up
9. 一Though things are going smoothly now，I'm still in doubt .
一Whatever the result is，don't be too hard on yourself.（　　）
A. why are my parents strict with me
B. if I can get high marks in the entrance exams
C. how have I prepared for my entrance exams
D. that I can enter my ideal senior high finally
10. There is a famous old saying" ".Similarly，you may realize your dream only when you always work hard.（　　）
A. Many hands make light work. B. Great hope makes great man.
C. Life is not all roses. D. No pain，no gain.

二、完形填空（本大题共12小题，共12.0分）
Every culture has set rules about how people should act.Ways of good behavior，or manners，show respect and care for others.Yet the details of（1） ______ to express respect are so different.
Greeting people（2） ______ is almost always considered polite.But it's more important in some cultures than（3） ______ .For example，when you enter a store in France，you should always greet the person working there.Other cultures also pay attention to greeting people.But of course the greetings are different as people speak different languages.
When I was growing up in the United States，I once took part in a performance at my church.Afterwards，someone gave me compliment（恭维），but I felt like I had done a bad job.So I tried to（4） ______ the compliment，saying "No，I didn't do that well."My mother stopped me and told me that was very（5） ______ Later I learned that refusing a compliment is accepted in China.
Some of the biggest cultural differences have to do with（6） ______ .In North America，it's polite to eat as quietly as possible.That means chewing（咀嚼） with your mouth（7） ______ and not slurping your soup.The same goes for burping（打嗝）.But in parts of Asia，slurping shows that you are enjoying your meal.And burping is a（8） ______ of being full and content.
There are also differences in how people eat across cultures.（9） ______ ，in North America and Europe people use forks to bring food to their mouths.But in Thailand，a fork is only used to（10） ______ food onto a spoon.In India and the Middle East，people eat with their hands.But eating with the left hand is frowned upon.This is because the left hand is considered（11） ______ .
Yet there are also similar points across cultures.Saying"please"and"thank you"is almost always polite.If you show thanks and try to（12） ______ local customs，people will generally respond well.Showing kindness can bring people together，no matter what culture they come from.
11.  A. what B. how C. when D. where
12.  A. cheerfully B. hurriedly C. excitedly D. silently
13.  A. the other B. other C. the others D. others
14.  A. accept B. achieve C. refuse D. continue
15.  A. rude B. simple C. common D. correct
16.  A. family parties B. table manners
C. fashion tastes D. instruction signs
17.  A. full B. closed C. open D. smiling
18.  A. symbol B. mark C. sign D. view
19.  A. What's more B. In short C. For example D. Above all
20.  A. push B. cut C. look D. pour
21.  A. unimportant B. uninteresting C. unusual D. unclean
22.  A. change B. develop C. follow D. mention
三、补全对话-填空（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）
23. Writing creatively is enjoyable and rewarding.It can be a hobby，a field of study，and even a career.Anyone can be a creative writer.You just need a little inspiration（灵感） and some written language skills.By reading extensively（广泛地） and practicing your skills，you can become a talented writer.
Reading extensively.All the best writers show great interest in reading.When you read a book，you should pay attention to the actual events in the book and the way the author created that piece of literature.By reading，you can also study how excellent authors use language in creative and inspiring ways.（1） ______
Thinking about pursuing（追求） writing in college.While you don't need to study writing in college to become a writer，taking one or more writing courses can certain help.（2） ______ And it may let you know more new authors and styles of literature that you have not explored before.
Consider getting a Master of Fine Arts （MFA） degree.An MFA degree isn't necessary to practice writing.（3） ______ You ' ll meet and study closely with a small group of like- minded individuals（个体） and you max end up becoming lifelong friends.
（ 4） ______ How you continue writing can decide whether it will remain your lifelong pursuit or something you never seem to pick back up.Even if you can only find an hour a day，spare that time and use it to write every day.

A.Try to make and stick to a plan.
B.Find a publishing market that is right for you.
C.Therefore，reading with a purpose is also important.
D.In some ways，your writing style can present your thoughts.
E.This allows you to receive instruction and advice on your work.
F.However，such a learning experience helps you build a sense of community
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

四、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）
A
Do you want to make a difference to animals' lives？Become a volunteer at Irving Animal Services （IAS）.IAS depends on volunteers to help provide loving care and give animals a second chance to feel being loved and happiness.Here are several volunteer positions.

OPPORTUNITIES
Adoption Host：Helps the public at the shelter and off-site locations with questions，and helps to introduce possible adopters（收养人） and animals.
Animal Care：Help staff with daily routines，such as cleaning animal houses，and preparing meet and greet rooms.Volunteers also work to socialize animals by reading to them，petting them or playing with them.Sometimes volunteers will perform bath services for animals.
Supply Team：Helps provide daily supplies（供给） for basic needs for all the animals.This is very important for the health and well-being of the animals.
Photographer：Photographs animals for adoption promotion and record keeping.
Requirements：Volunteer application must be at least 18 years old and love animals.There is no cost to volunteers and no hours required.Interested people must hand in an application to the Volunteer Program.
Volunteer Hours：9 a.m.to 6 p.m.Tuesday—Friday 8 a.m.to 5 p.m.Saturday—Monday
Apply Today!
Visit the IAS Volunteer Program portal（门户网站） and create an account.Fill out the basic information and hand in your application.We will check the application，and those accepted into the program will be contacted for training.The training must be finished before any volunteer task is carried out.For more information，please call （972）721-3582 or email the IAS Volunteer Coordinator（协调员）.
24. What should volunteers in the Adoption Host position do？ ______
A. Play with animals.
B. Provide necessary things for animals.
C. Connect possible adopters with animals.
D. Take photos of animals and their adopters.
25. What is a requirement for an animal volunteer at IAS？ ______
A. Being a young adult.
B. Showing love for animals.
C. Working for nine hours every day.
D. Having experience of keeping animals.
26. How can people apply for their favorite volunteer post at IAS？ ______
A. By finishing practical training ahead of time.
B. By offering personal information on a certain website.
C. By sending an email to the IAS Volunteer Coordinator.
D. By making a telephone call to ask for more information.
B
America is a mobile society.Friendships between Americans can be close and real，yet disappear soon if situations change.Neither side feels hurt by this.Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two，perhaps a few letters for a while - then no more.If the same two people meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship.This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand，because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings，extending（延伸）sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes，share their holidays，and their home life.They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality（好客） easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives，they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time.This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes，we，as hosts，will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend.We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends.The Americans，however，express their welcome usually at homes，but truly cannot manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine（事务）.They will be likely to expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus.And they expect that we will phone them from there.Once we arrive at their homes，the welcome will be full，warm and real.We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans，it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants，except for purely business matters.So accept their hospitality at home!
27. The writer of this passage must be ______ .
A. an American B. a Chinese C. a visitor D. a student
28. Which of the following is true according to the passage？ ______
A. Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.
B. Americans are usually more friendly than Chinese.
C. Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.
D. Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.
29. From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend，we will be ______ .
A. warmly welcomed at the airport
B. offered a ride to his home
C. treated hospitably at his home
D. treated to dinner in a restaurant
30. The underlined words "generous with our time" in Paragraph 3 mean ______ .
A. strict with time B. willing to spend time
C. careful with time D. free with time
C
Education appears to protect older adults especially women，against memory loss，according to a study by researchers Georgetown University Medical Centre.
The study tested declarative memory（陈述性记忆） in 704 older adults （58-98 years of age）.Declarative memory refers to our ability to remember events，facts and words，such as where you put your keys or the name of that new neighbour.The researchers found that their memory performance became worse with aging.However，more years of early-life education countered these losses，especially in women.
For example，the declarative memory abilities of an 80-year-old woman with a bachelor's degree（学士学位） would be as good as those of a 60-year-old woman with a high school education.So，four extra years of education make up for the memory losses from 20 years of aging.
"Simply said，learning brings about learning，"says the study's senior researcher，Michael Ullman."Since learning new information in declarative memory is easier if it is connected with knowledge we already have，more knowledge from more education should result in better memory abilities，even years later."adds the study's lead author，Jana Reifegerste.
"Evidence（证据） suggests that girls often have better declarative memory than boys，so education may lead to greater knowledge gains in girls，"says Ullman."Education may bring advantages to memory abilities in women，even years later in old age."
"These findings may be important，especially considering the rapidly aging population，"Reifegerste says."The results argue for further efforts to increase chances of receiving education."
"Education has also been found to slow down the beginning of Alzheimer's disease，"Ullman says."We believe that our findings may explain why this happens."
31. The underlined " countered " in Paragraph 2 probably means ______ .
A. cancel B. change C. produce D. reduce
32. What does the underlined word" it"in Paragraph 4 refer to？ ______
A. New information. B. Declarative memory.
C. More education. D. Better memory ability.
33. The research findings may help ______ .
A. slow down the process of aging
B. push for the development of education
C. make progress in the study of Alzheimer disease
D. fight for the equal rights of women's education
34. The passage mainly talks about that ______ .
A. declarative memory abilities fail with aging
B. women should try to get a bachelor's degree
C. learning often helps improve old adults' memory
D. early-life education helps prevent memory loss in old age
D
Is there a connection between music and language？According to recent studies，the answer is yes：music boosts certain language abilities in the brain.Here，we look at two examples.
●Music and Hearing
A recent study by researcher Nina Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person's hearing ability.As a part of the study，two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.The people in the first group were musicians，while those in the second group had no musical training.The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly.
Musicians hear better，says Kraus，because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds.Think about violinists in an orchestra.When the violinists play with the group，they hear their own instrument and many others，too.But the violinists must listen closely to what they are playing，and ignore（忽略） the other sounds.In this way，musicians are able to concentrate（集中注意力） on certain sounds，even in a room with lots of noise.
●Music and Speaking
Gottfried Schlaug，a doctor at Harvard Medical School，works with stroke patients.Because of their illness，these people cannot say their names，addresses，or other information normally.However，they can still sing.Dr.Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words helped his patients to eventually speak.Why does it work？Schaug isn't sure.Music seems to activate different parts of the brain，including the damaged parts.This somehow helps patients to use that part of brain again.
●Understanding the Results
Music improves concentration，memory，listening skills and our overall language abilities.It can even help sick people get better.Playing an instrument or singing，says Nina Kraus，can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp as we get older.Music，she adds，in not only enjoyable，it is also good for us in many other ways.
35. What does the underlined word "stroke" mean in the passage？ ______
A. lose abilities of movement
B. hearing loss
C. an illness of the brain for language
D. special talents of singing
36. How does Gottfried Schlaug help stroke patients？ ______
A. By repeating their name and address.
B. By playing music for them.
C. By asking them to sing.
D. By getting them to play an instrument.
37. Which type of improvement is NOT mentioned in the reading？ ______
A. memory B. school grades
C. language abilities D. sleep
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
38. Rabbits are a courageous little species able to live everywhere，except Antarctica.Alongside the （1） ______ （begin） of 2023，the New Year of the Rabbit is about to start!Maybe now is the best time（2） ______ （talk） about this cute animal in the eyes of different cultures.
Rabbits are quiet but agile（敏捷），which（3） ______ （ suit） traditional Chinese values of being gentle and cultivated.There is（4） ______ view of rabbits in Chinese culture as being smart and gentle.This（5） ______ （show） by the phrase"dongru tuotu"，a Chinese idiom praising people who are smart and agile like a rabbit.
A Chinese legend tells that there is a Jade Rabbit（6） ______ （ live） on the moon which is the pet of Chang'e，a goddess（7） ______ （ wide） known in China.This can explain（8） ______ rabbits are regarded as a special sign.
Also，in ancient China，it was common sense that the more children you had，the（9） ______ （lucky）and happier you would be.This belief made the rabbit a popular sign of good fortune，since rabbits are full（10） ______ vitality and fertile in nature.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、完成句子（本大题共6小题，共9.0分）
39. "一带一路"是东西之间交流的象征。
The Belt and Road is ______ .
40. 为了避免浪费资源，我们必须尽可能经常地循环利用它们。
______ resources，we must ______ .
41. 他总是打断别人说话，真是太粗鲁了！
How ______ !
42. 他要么修理这个坏的电脑，要么放弃它。
He ______ .
43. 《狂飙》这个书是如此受欢迎以至于已经销售一空了。
The books called " The Knockout " are ______ .
44. 我想知道他爸爸出差去北京多久了。
I wonder ______
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
45. 学校即将举行一个毕业生座谈会，你将作为班级代表参加了本次活动，并将在座谈会上和其他同学分享三年的学习生活体会。请根据以下提示，完成一篇题为"The biggest personal change I've ever made"的英文发言稿。
As a Grade 9 student，you will graduate from your school in the coming June.During these three years at school，you have grown up to be a better self.Try to think of some good changes you have made，including hobbies，habits or some other progress and so on.Please write about the following questions：
1.What is the biggest change for you during your study at school？
2.Why do you have such a big change and how can you do that？
3.What can you benefit（获益） from these changes？
注意：
1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2.词数100左右：发言稿的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
The biggest personal change I've ever madeThe biggest personal change I' ve ever made is that_______________________________________________
答案和解析

1.【答案】D
【解析】a/an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，表示数量，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个/这些，定冠词，表特指；/表示不填，零冠词。分析句子可知，第一空使用定冠词the表特指，此处特指第二届中国国际进口博览会的门票；第二空使用不定冠词a构成固定句型It is a pity that，表示"……是一件遗憾的事"。
故选：D。
——丽莎，你买到第二届中国国际进口博览会的门票吗？
——还没有。真遗憾，我错过了那次机会。
熟练掌握冠词的用法，结合语境，认真分析，得出答案。

2.【答案】A
【解析】methods方法；messages消息；meanings意义；medicines药物。根据For example，Suansuan，a college student，has posted over 50 videos on Bilibili to show her love for our culture."例如，大学生Suansuan在Bilibili上发布了50多个视频，以表达她对我们文化的热爱" ，可知，此处是说想出新的方法。
故选：A。
为了传播我们的传统文化，许多青少年想出了新的方法。例如，大学生Suansuan在Bilibili上发布了50多个视频，以表达她对我们文化的热爱。
名词的用法比较广泛，要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，仔细分析，完成试题。

3.【答案】B
【解析】A…和…，复数，后面对应复数动词；B既不…也不…，近主原则；C要么…要么，近主原则；D不但…而且，近主原则。根据本句句意，应该是书和鞋子都不能放在上面，否定含在"既不…也不"里。
故选：B。
-你为什么买这么小一个架子？书或鞋都不能被放上。
-但是我猜我的盲盒能。
知道每个代词短语的含义及用法。

4.【答案】C
【解析】among在......之间（三者以上）；through穿过；between在两者之间；across穿过。这里指电梯被困在两个楼层之间，填介词between。
故选：C。
--今天的报纸上有什么特别的吗？
--是的。一个高层公寓的电梯出了问题，被困在了楼层之间。
介词这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题。

5.【答案】D
【解析】have gone to去了；have been to去过；have left for已经动身去往某地了；have been in待在某处。根据时间状语"for 2 weeks"和语境，可知句子用现在完成时，家人们在这个城市待了两周了，因此have been in符合语境。
故选：D。
—你好，杰克！在这儿见到你感到很意外！
—我父亲在这儿出差旅行。我的家人在这个城市待了两周了。
辨析各选项词组的含义，结合语境和时间状语，确定答案。

6.【答案】D
【解析】A.除非；B.直到；C.在...之后；D.在...之前。根据句意，在进入校园前量体温，应用before，引导时间状语从句。
故选：D。
现在因为春季流感，在进入校园前，你不应该错过量体温。
本题考查连词辨析，熟悉各个选项的含义，根据题干即可得出答案。

7.【答案】A
【解析】A.应该；首先；B.必须；总计；C.可以；根本；D.可以；在...所有当中。根据句意，第一空填情态动词should，"应该"的意思。第二空above all常用于句首，起强调作用。
故选：A。
-谁应该对这次交通事故负责？
-现在讨论这个不是合适的时候。首先，我们应该送她去医院。
本题考查情态动词的区别，以及固定短语的含义，平时多积累，根据语境可得出答案。

8.【答案】B
【解析】takes off起飞，脱下；takes on承担，接受；takes out取出，除去；takes up占据，开始从事。根据"only"及"work that excites him，even if it means turning down a lot of money."可知，他是只接受能让他自己兴奋的工作。take on"接受，承担"，符合题意。
故选：B。
迈克只接受能使他兴奋的工作，即使意味着拒绝很多钱。
考查动词短语，要牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。

9.【答案】B
【解析】根据观察和分析可知doubt（怀疑）在本句中是名词，后面可接同位语从句。同位语从句的语序用陈述句语序，可先排除A和C。主句I'm in doubt是肯定结构，因此后面接if引导的同位语从句。
故选：B。
--虽然事情现在进展得非常顺利，但是我仍然怀疑在入学考试中我能否得高分。
--无论结果如何，不要对自己太苛刻了。
本题主要考查同位语从句的有关知识。

10.【答案】D
【解析】Many hands make lightwork众人拾柴火焰高；Great hope makes great man伟大的希望造就伟大的人；Life is no all roses人生并不是十全十美；No pain，nogain没有付出，就没有收获。根据Similarly，you may realize your dream only when you always work hard.（同样，只有努力工作，才能实现自己的梦想。）可知，说的是谚语"没有付出，就没有收获。"
故选：D。
有一句著名的老话"没有付出，就没有收获"，同样，只有努力工作，才能实现自己的梦想。
考查常识和习语，学习中注意掌握积累。

11~22.【答案】B、A、D、C、A、B、B、A、C、A、D、C
【解析】（1）考查特殊疑问词。句意：然而，如何表达尊重的细节是截然不同。what什么；how如何；when什么时候；where哪里。根据句意Yet the details of …to express respect are so different.（然而，如何表达尊重的细节是如此不同。）以及下文讲述表达礼仪的不同方式可知，这里表示如何表达尊重。故选B。
（2）考查副词辨析。句意：高兴地跟人打招呼通常被认为是有礼貌的。cheerfully高兴地；hurriedly匆忙地；excitedly兴奋地；silently安静地。根据句意Greeting people…is almost always considered polite.（高兴地跟人打招呼通常被认为是有礼貌的。）结合选项，cheerfully高兴地符合语境。故选A。
（3）考查代词辨析。句意：但它在某些文化中比其他文化更重要。the other表示两者之中的另一个；other泛指其他的（人或物）；the others 特指某一范围内的（其他的人或物）others是other的复数形式，泛指另外几个，其余的（人或物）。根据句意But it's more important in some cultures than …（但它在某些文化中比其他文化更重要。）可知，这里没有范围限定，所以是泛泛而谈，结合选项，others其余的（人或物）符合语境。故选D。
（4）考查动词辨析。句意：所以我就尽力拒绝了恭维。accept接受；achieve实现；refuse拒绝；continue继续。根据下文句意…saying "No，I didn't do that well."（说："不，我做得不好。"）可知，别人恭维作者，作者拒绝了别人的恭维，结合选项，refuse"拒绝"符合语境。故选C。
（5）考查形容词辨析。句意：我妈妈阻止了我，告诉我那样的行为非常不礼貌。rude粗鲁的，不礼貌的；simple简单的；common一般的；correct正确的。根据上下文大意，妈妈阻止"我"拒绝别人恭维的行为，说明这样的行为是不正确、不礼貌的，结合选项rude"粗鲁的"符合语境。故选A。
（6）考查名词短语辨析。句意：一些最大的文化差异与餐桌礼仪有关。family parties家庭聚会；table manners餐桌礼仪；fashion tastes时尚品味；instruction signs指示标志。根据下文大意都是在讲跟餐桌礼仪有关的文化差异，结合选项，table manners符合语境。故选B。
（7）考查形容词辨析。句意：这意味着嚼东西时闭着嘴，喝汤时不要出声。full满的；closed关闭的；open打开的；smiling微笑的。根据上文句意In North America，it's polite to eat as quietly as possible.（在北美，吃饭时尽量安静是礼貌的。）可知，吃饭时嘴巴闭着能保持安静。故选B。
（8）考查名词辨析。句意：打嗝是饱腹和满足的象征。symbol象征；mark标记；sign标志；view景观。根据句意And burping is a …of being full and content.（打嗝是饱腹和满足的象征。），打嗝表示你吃饱了，很满足，即是吃饱和满足的象征。故选A。
（9）考查短语辨析。句意：比如说，在北美和欧洲，人们用叉子把食物送到嘴里。what's more此外；in short简而言之；for example比如；above all最重要的是。根据上文There are also differences in how people eat across cultures.（不同文化的人在饮食方式上也存在差异。）可知，下文这里开始列举哪些差异，表示举例子，结合选项，for example"例如"符合语境。故选C。
（10）考查动词辨析。句意：但在泰国，叉子只是用来把食物推到勺子上。push推；cut切；look看；pour倒。根据句意But in Thailand，a fork is only used to…food onto a spoon.（但在泰国，叉子只是用来把食物推到勺子上。），结合选项，push"推"到勺子上符合语境。故选A。
（11）考查形容词辨析。句意：这是因为他们认为左手不干净。unimportant不重要的；uninteresting无趣的；unusual不寻常的；unclean不干净的。根据上文句意But eating with the left hand is frowned upon.（但是用左手吃饭是不被允许的。）可知，在印度和中东地区，人们认为左手不干净，所以不允许用左手吃饭。故选D。
（12）考查动词辨析。句意：如果你表示感谢并遵循当地的习俗，人们通常会有很好的反应。change改变；develop发展；follow遵循；mention提及。根据句意If you show thanks and try to …local customs，people will generally respond well.（如果你表示感谢并遵循当地的习俗，人们通常会有很好的反应。），结合选项可知，follow"遵循"符合语境。故选C。
本文是说明文，作者从问候方式、餐桌礼仪、饮食文化等方面，介绍了不同国家的人们是如何表达对他人的尊重和关心的。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

23.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】B
【小题3】F
【小题4】A
【解析】推理判断题。
（1）根据前文When you read a book，you should pay attention to the actual events in the book and the way the author created that piece of literature.By reading，you can also study how excellent authors use language in creative and inspiring ways.（当你阅读一本书时，你应该注意书中的实际事件以及作者创作作品的方式。通过阅读，你还可以学习优秀的作家如何以创造性和鼓舞人心的方式使用语言。）结合句意及相关选项，这里应该是可以学习他们这种方式，对提高自己写作水平有好处，因此选E"这可以让你获得关于你工作的指导和建议。"符合题意，故选：E。
（2）根据前文Thinking about pursuing writing in college.While you don't need to study writing in college to become a writer，taking one or more writing courses can certain help.（考虑在大学里追求写作。虽然你不需要在大学里学习写作来成为一名作家，但参加一个或多个写作课程肯定会有帮助），后文And it may let you know more new authors and styles of literature that you have not explored before.（它可能会让你认识更多你以前没有探索过的新作家和文学风格。）结合句意及相关选项，这里应该选B"找到一个适合你的出版市场。"符合题意，故选：B。
（3）根据前文 Consider getting a Master of Fine Arts （MFA） degree.An MFA degree isn't necessary to practice writing.（考虑获得文科硕士学位。文学硕士学位并不是练习写作的必要条件）及后文You ' ll meet and study closely with a small group of like- minded individuals（个体） and you max end up becoming lifelong friends.（你会遇到一小群志同道合的人，并与他们密切学习，你们可能会成为一生的朋友。）结合句意及相关选项，这里表转折，因此答案是F"然而，这样的学习经历有助于你建立社区意识"符合题意，故选：F。
（4）根据后文How you continue writing can decide whether it will remain your lifelong pursuit or something you never seem to pick back up.Even if you can only find an hour a day，spare that time and use it to write every day.（你如何继续写作，将决定它是你毕生的追求，还是你似乎永远不会重新拾起的东西。即使你每天只能找到一个小时，也要抽出时间来每天写作。）结合句意及相关选项，这里应该选A"试着制定并坚持一个计划。"符合题意，故选：A。
本文主要告诉我们写作的重要性。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

24~26.【答案】C、B、B
【解析】细节理解题。
（1）根据表格中Adoption Host：Helps the public at the shelter and off-site locations with questions，and helps to introduce possible adopters（收养人）and animals.（收养主办者：帮助收容所和场外的公众提出问题，并帮助介绍可能的收养者和动物。）可知，当人收养主办者的志愿者要将可能的领养者与动物建立联系。故选C。
（2）根据表格中Requirements：Volunteer application must be at least 18 years old and love animals.（要求：志愿者申请必须年满18周岁，热爱动物。）可知，IAS的志愿者要热爱动物，即表现出对动物的爱。故选B。
（3）根据最后一段Visit the IAS Volunteer Program portal（门户网站）and create an account.Fill out the basic information and hand in your application.（访问IAS志愿者计划门户网站并创建一个帐户。填好基本信息，把申请表交上来。）可知，人们可以通过在指定的网站上提交个人信息来申请志愿者岗位。故选B。
本文是一则志愿者招募广告。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。

27~30.【答案】B、A、C、B
【解析】（1）B．细节理解题．根据第一段中This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand，可知他们会选择这对我们中国人来说是很难理解的．因此可知作者是中国人．故选B．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据第一段中 If the same two people meet again by chance，even years later，they pick up the friendship．可知如果同样的两个人再次偶然相遇，即使是几年后，他们也会重拾友谊．故选A．
（3）C．细节理解题．根据第一段中 Once we arrive at their homes，the welcome will be full，warm and real．We will find ourselves treated hospitably．可知一旦我们到了他们家，欢迎会是充分的，热烈的和真实的．我们会发现自己受到了好客的对待．故选C．
（4）B..短语猜测题根据第三段中 they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time．This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be  generous with our time．可知但如果需要大量的时间，他们不会对我们表现出礼貌．这通常与我们国家的做法相反，在我们国家，我们可能__________．根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知此处generous with our time指的是愿意花时间．故选B．
本文主要讲述了美国人之间的友谊和中国人之间的友谊的不同之处．
题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力．做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答．

31~34.【答案】D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第三段中For example，the declarative memory abilities of an 80-year-old woman with a bachelor's degree（学士学位） would be as good as those of a 60-year-old woman with a high school education.（例如，拥有学士学位的80岁女性的陈述性记忆能力与受过高中教育的60岁女性一样好。）以及However，more years of early-life education  countered these losses，especially in women.（然而，更多年的早期教育……了这些损失，尤其是在女性身上。）由此可知，教育可以减少记忆能力的衰退。故划线词意思是"减少"。故选：D。
（2）代词指代题。根据第四段Since learning new information in declarative memory is easier if  it is connected with knowledge we already have，more knowledge from more education should result in better memory abilities，even years later.（因为在陈述性记忆中学习新信息更容易……与我们已有的知识相联系，通过更多的教育获得更多的知识应该会导致更好的记忆能力，甚至几年后。）可知，如果新学到的信息和原先已有的知识有关，那么学起来就会更容易。由此可知，it指的是"新信息"。故选：A。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 "Education has also been found to slow down the beginning of Alzheimer's disease，"Ullman says."We believe that our findings may explain why this happens."（教育也被发现可以延缓老年痴呆症的发生，"Ullman说："我们相信，我们的发现可能会揭示这一现象发生的原因。）由此可知，研究结果可能有助于推进对阿尔茨海默病的研究。故选：C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段Education appears to protect older adults especially women，against memory loss，according to a study by researchers Georgetown University Medical Centre.（大学医学中心研究人员的一项研究表明，教育似乎可以保护老年人，尤其是女性，免受记忆丧失的影响。）可知，结合文章还说明了这一研究的过程，以及研究发现教育对于延缓衰老与疾病发生的益处。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是早期生活教育有助于防止老年失忆。故选：D。
本文通过一项研究表明，教育似乎能保护老年人，尤其是女性，防止记忆力减退。文章主要说明了这一研究的过程，以及研究发现教育对于延缓衰老与疾病发生的益处。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

35~37.【答案】C、C、D
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词后句Because of their illness，these people cannot say their names，addresses，or other information normally.（由于他们的疾病，这些人不能说出自己的名字、地址或其它信息。）可知，划线词是指"一种和语言障碍有关的疾病"。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段However，they can still sing.Dr.Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words helped his patients to eventually speak.（然而，他们仍然可以唱歌。施劳格医生惊讶地发现，唱歌的单词有助于他的病人最终说话。）可推知，他通过让他们唱歌来帮助中风患者。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Music improves concentration，memory，listening skills and our overall language abilities.It can even help sick people get better.Playing an instrument or singing，says Nina Kraus，can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp as we get older.（音乐可以提高注意力、记忆力、听力和我们的整体语言能力。它甚至可以帮助病人变得更好。尼娜•克劳斯说，演奏乐器或唱歌可以帮助我们在学校表现得更好，并随着年龄的增长保持大脑的敏捷。）可知，文中并没有提及音乐对睡眠的改善。故选D。
本文主要讲述了音乐提高了大脑中的某些语言能力。
答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。

38.【答案】【小题1】beginning
【小题2】to talk
【小题3】suits
【小题4】a
【小题5】is shown
【小题6】living
【小题7】widely
【小题8】why
【小题9】luckier
【小题10】of
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：随着2023年初，兔年即将开始！由空前定冠词 the 可知，此处应填动名词beginning，故填：beginning。
（2）考查动词不定式作定语。句意：也许现在是谈论这种不同文化眼中的可爱动物的最佳时机。分析句子结构可知，此处应填动词不定式作定语to talk修饰空前名词time，故填：to talk。
（3）考查动词第三人称单数。句意：兔子安静但敏捷，这符合中国传统的温文尔雅的价值观。由语境可知，句子时态是一般现在时，结合主语which代替兔子特征，视为单数，此处应填动词第三人称单数suits，故填：suits。
（4）考查不定冠词。句意：中国文化中有一种认为兔子聪明温和的观点。由空后辅音音素开头的单数名词view及空前There is结构可知，此处应填不定冠词a，故填：a。
（5）考查动词一般现在时的被动语态结构。句意：这体现在"兔兔兔"这一短语中，这是一个中国成语，称赞像兔子一样聪明敏捷的人。由空后介词短语by the phrase"dongru tuotu"，（通过"兔兔兔"这一短语）可知，结合主语This，句子时态是一般现在时的被动语态，应填is shown，故填：is shown。
（6）考查动名词。句意：中国有一个传说告诉，月亮上住着一只玉兔，它是中国广为人知的女神嫦娥的宠物。There be...doing sth.表示"有……在做某事。"，此处应填动名词living，故填：living。
（7）考查副词。句意：中国有一个传说告诉，月亮上住着一只玉兔，它是中国广为人知的女神嫦娥的宠物。此处修饰动词known应用副词widely修饰，故填：widely。
（8）考查疑问副词。句意：这可以解释为什么兔子被视为一种特殊的符号。由语境This can explain...rabbits are regarded as a special sign.（这可以解释……兔子被视为一种特殊的符号。）可知，此处宾语从句解释原因，故填：why。
（9）考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，在中国古代，人们普遍认为，你的孩子越多，你就会越幸运、越幸福。由空后and happier可知，此处应填比较级luckier与 happier并列，故填：luckier。
（10）考查介词。句意：这种信念使兔子成为好运的流行标志，因为兔子充满活力，天生肥沃。be full of 充满；此处应填介词of，故填：of。
本文主要介绍了中西方文化中，人们对兔子的认识及蕴含的意义。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。

39.【答案】a symbol of communication between East and West
【解析】根据汉语提示："一带一路"是东西之间交流的象征。可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时态。考虑用名词短语a symbol of communication作表语，意为"交流的象征"，介词短语between East and West作名词communication的后置定语。
故填：a symbol of communication between East and West。
"一带一路"是东西之间交流的象征。
根据汉语提示填空，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的句型，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。

40.【答案】In order to avoid wasting
【解析】in order to do sth.表示"为了做某事"，避免是动词avoid；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；waste浪费；in order to avoid wasting为了避免浪费资源，该固定搭配在句中作状语；must是情态动词，意为"必须"，后接动词原形；recycle可作及物动词，循环利用；as much as possible表示"尽可能多地"。
故答案为：In order to avoid wasting；recycle them as much as possible。
为了避免浪费资源，我们必须尽可能经常地循环利用它们。
根据汉语提示填空，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的句型，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。

41.【答案】rude he is
【解析】根据题意和空前How可知，句意为：他真是太粗鲁了！rude是形容词，主语和谓语是he is，句子符合how引导的感叹句结构：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语/系动词。
故选：rude he is。
他真是太粗鲁了！
牢记感叹句的构成，以便熟练答题。

42.【答案】can either fix this broken computer or give it up
【解析】根据汉语提示"他要么修理这个坏的电脑，要么放弃它"，可知本题为肯定句，且为一般现在时态。考虑用固定句型either...or...，意为"要么...，要么..."。"修理这个坏的电脑"用动词短语fix this broken computer；"放弃它"用动词短语give it up。
故填：can either fix this broken computer or give it up。
他要么修理这个坏的电脑，要么放弃它。
根据汉语提示填空，先要通读句子，理解大意，想出要填的句型，再联系语境变换恰当的词形，方能正确解答。

43.【答案】so popular that they have been sold out
【解析】so...that...如此……以至于……，popular受欢迎的；sell out卖光。由句意可知时态是现在完成时，"book"和"sold"是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数，用have+been +过去分词。
故答案为：so popular that they have been sold out。
《狂飙》这个书是如此受欢迎以至于已经销售一空了。

做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

44.【答案】how long his father has been in Beijing on business.
【解析】根据题干，可知考查how long引导的宾语从句，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序；由句意可知宾语从句的时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词；和时间段连用，"去北京"要用延续性动词be in Beijing，主语his father是第三人称单数形式，因此助动词用has，be的过去分词是been；"出差"英文表达是on business。
故填：how long his father has been in Beijing on business。
我想知道他爸爸出差去北京多久了。
做这类题型，首先要根据所给的汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语，再结合相关的语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

45.【答案】The biggest personal change I've ever madeThe biggest personal change I' ve ever made is that I have fallen in love with reading. （点题）
    When I was a child ，I didn't enjoy books at all.Later，my mother always read stories for me and bought me books.After entering middle school，I realized the importance of reading.Gradually I began to love reading. 【高分句型一】（喜欢阅读的原因）While reading，I feel like talking with a wise man.Reading is also a fantastic way to spend my free time. 【高分句型二】I read a lot of various books in my spare time every day.I often go to the library on weekends. （做法）In the ocean of books，I am very happy.Reading makes me relax.And I also learn a lot of knowledge.Importantly，my grades have also greatly improved by reading.（获益）
  Books are my friends.And they will benefit me a lot.
【解析】【高分句型一】
Gradually I began to love reading.渐渐地，我开始喜欢读书了。
begin to do sth.开始干某事，固定用法。
Reading is also a fantastic way to spend my free time. 阅读也是一种度过我空闲时间的美妙的方式。
动名词作主语。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。