高考英语总复习课时质量评价17选择性必修第一册 UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT含答案

课时质量评价(十七)

选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT

阅读题组强化练

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Customer Service Diploma

Subject: Business, Marketing & Sales

Location: United Kingdom

Delivery method: Online

Course type: Part­time, Short(less than 3 months), Full­time

Price: Now ￡45 (orig. ￡299)

About the course

Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector. It's packed with information of 11 modules, teaching you everything you need to succeed in this profession. Your qualification will be recognised and can be checked for validity (有效) on our dedicated website.

Description

This course consists of eleven information­packed modules, including：

● Make a great first impression, learn how positive attitude, dress and body language affect your perception (感知)．

● Learn how to care for your customers' needs, from seeing customer service from their perspective to the importance of communication.

● The course will teach you how to deal with difficult customers, how to hold back anger, how to control your own emotions and how keeping calm can solve problems.

Benefits of the Customer Service Diploma

The benefits of a customer service diploma are endless, but here are some you can take note of right away：

● Your motivation levels will increase as you see your clients become more comfortable with you and the service you provide.

● Learn essential problem­solving skills you can use daily.

● See your confidence soar as you get more comfortable with dealing with customers face to face, over the phone and online.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门与顾客服务相关的课程。

1. Who may be most interested in the course?

A. People with a diploma of teaching.

B. People interested in part­time work.

C. People interested in customer service.

D. People interested in training life skills.

C　细节理解题。根据About the course部分中的“Our Customer Service Diploma is the perfect course for anyone looking to working in the Customer Service sector.”可知， 这门课程可以给对顾客服务工作感兴趣的人提供文凭，因此对客户服务感兴趣的人会对此课程感兴趣。故选C。

2. What does the course offer?

A. Flexible course types.

B. A lower price of ￡299.

C. Packed information of customers.

D. Accommodation during the course.

A　细节理解题。根据文中“Course type: Part­time, Short (less than 3 months), Full­time”可知， 学习这一课程有兼职学习、短期学习和全职学习三种灵活的方式。故选A。

3. Which of the following is included in the modules?

A. Learning how to manage your marketing team.

B. Learning how to better communicate with customers.

C. Learning how to express your emotions freely and strongly.

D. Learning how to check your qualification on the dedicated website.

B　细节理解题。根据Description部分中的“Learn how to care for your customers' needs”以及 “the importance of communication”可知， 学员可以学到如何关注顾客需求并更有效地与顾客交流。故选B。

B

(2021·山东淄博二模)Dr Chien­Shiung Wu, also known as “the First Lady of Physics”， fundamentally transformed modern physical theory and changed our accepted view of the structure of the universe.

Born in a small town near Shanghai, Wu attended a school started by her father, who believed in education for girls, despite it being an uncommon belief at that time. She went on to study physics at Nanjing University, where she first pursued mathematics but quickly switched her major to physics, inspired by Marie Curie. And in 1936, she moved to the United States, where she pursued her doctor's degree in physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1940. Then, she taught briefly at Smith College before being hired as Princeton University's first female instructor.

A year later, Dr Wu accepted a post at Columbia University, where she became involved in the Manhattan Project, designing and building the world's first atomic bombs. She held various positions with the university until her retirement in 1981, but is best known for her experiments on beta decay in 1957. Dr Wu's groundbreaking experiments proved Drs Tsung­Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang's theory right. This resulted in Lee and Yang receiving the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory, while Dr Wu's experimental proof of the theory was overlooked.

In her later life, Dr Wu devoted much of her time to educational programmes, promoting girls in the STEM fields both in the US and in China. Her motivational story made her a hero for many young women scientists, just as her name “Chien­Shiung” implies. She was so great that she was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1958, and in 1990, Dr Wu became the first living scientist with an asteroid named after her. Her book Beta Decay, published in 1965, is still a standard reference for nuclear physicists.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“物理第一夫人”吴健雄博士的个人经历以及成就。

4. What can we infer about Dr Wu's father?

A. He advocated gender equality.

B. He founded Nanjing University.

C. He forced her to switch her major.

D. He challenged the view of the universe.

A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Born in a small town near Shanghai, Wu attended a school started by her father, who believed in education for girls, despite it being an uncommon belief at that time.”可推知，吴博士的父亲主张男女平等。故选A。

5. What made Dr Wu most famous in the world?

A. Building the world's first atomic bombs.

B. Various positions at Columbia University.

C. Being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.

D. Contributions in experiments on beta decay.

D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She held various positions with the university until her retirement in 1981, but is best known for her experiments on beta decay in 1957.”可知，是对β衰变实验的贡献让吴博士成为世界上最著名的科学家。故选D。

6. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Dr Wu's book Beta Decay.

B. Dr Wu's finding of the asteroid.

C. Dr Wu's academic and social status.

D. Dr Wu's name and her motivational story.

C　段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，最后一段主要讲了吴博士的学术和社会地位。故选C。

7. Which words can best describe Dr Wu?

A. Enthusiastic and considerate.

B. Pioneering and inspiring.

C. Creative but controversial.

D. Well­educated but uninfluential.

B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dr Wu's groundbreaking experiments proved Drs Tsung­Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang's theory right.”以及最后一段中的“In her later life, Dr Wu devoted much of her time to educational programmes, promoting girls in the STEM fields both in the US and in China. Her motivational story made her a hero for many young women scientists, just as her name ‘Chien­Shiung’ implies.”可推知，吴博士具有开创性和启发性。故选B。

C

Baby foods on market generally contain too much sugar, causing a source of health concern, a new report by World Health Organization (WHO) says.

The United Nations specialised agency on public health based the conclusion on an examination by its European office of about 8，000 baby food products on shelf between November 2019 and January 2020. It warns that the very high level of sugars present in commercial products is a cause for concern. They increase the risk of overweight and teeth holes while causing a lifetime eating habit in favour of sugary foods.

“In around half of the products examined, more than 30 percent of calories were from total sugars and around a third of products contained added sugar or other sweetening agents，” the world health body said in the report released on Monday to update guidelines for babies' diets. The examination that covered more than 500 stores in Austria, Bulgaria, Israel and Hungary also finds the labels of up to 60 percent of the inspected food are misleading consumers by claiming to suit babies under six months old.

In the report, countries are advised to make new laws on controlling high sugar intake, ban added sugars and sweeteners in baby foods, and put an end to the promotion of breast milk substitutes. It also requires labels on candies and sweetened drinks, including fruit juices and condensed (压缩) milk, to state they are not suitable for children under three. Meanwhile, WHO recommends that children between six months and two years be fed nutrient­rich home­prepared foods.

“WHO has long recommended that babies receive only breast milk for the first six months of life. Good nutrition in babyhood and early childhood remains the key to ensuring best child growth and development, and to better health outcomes later in life，” said Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO regional director for Europe, in a statement.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界卫生组织发现很多婴儿食物产品含糖过高，这对婴儿的健康非常不利。该组织呼吁政府制定新法律，以解决这一问题。

8. How did WHO get the finding?

A. By testing baby foods' flavour.

B. By examining some baby foods.

C. By monitoring baby foods' production.

D. By conducting an interview about baby foods.

B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，世界卫生组织是通过检测大约8 000种婴儿食物产品得出结果的。故选B。

9. What can we know about the 500 stores?

A. Some of them are selling poor baby foods.

B. They have broken the laws about baby foods.

C. Their baby foods have damaged babies' health.

D. They are taking action to change the present situation.

A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，被调查的那500多家商店的产品中有60%的产品都在误导消费者，声称那些婴儿食物产品适合半岁以下的婴儿。由此可知，它们中的一些在卖劣质婴儿食品。故选A。

10. What is the key to handling the concern?

A. The experts' guidance.

B. The consumers' cooperation.

C. The stores' being closed down.

D. The government's involvement.

D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the report, countries are advised to make new laws on controlling high sugar intake, ban added sugars and sweeteners in baby foods, and put an end to the promotion of breast milk substitutes.”可知，世界卫生组织建议一些国家制定法律来改善婴儿食物产品的现状。由此可推知，政府的干预是解决问题的关键。故选D。

11. What food does WHO suggest for children under half a year old?

A. Condensed milk.

B. Fruit juice.

C. Breast milk.

D. Home­prepared foods.

C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，世界卫生组织建议半岁以下的婴儿吃母乳。故选C。

D

(2021·湖北四校高三联考)Urban rewilding projects are attracting nature back into our cities, from creating city butterfly grasslands to building unlikely homes for deadly birds. The middle of London's busy West End doesn't seem like the likeliest location for one of the UK's rarest birds. There are only approximately 20－40 breeding pairs of black redstarts in the country. But in recent years, without being artificially introduced into the area, this rare bird has started to make a home in this crowded part of Central London.

The black redstart isn't the only unexpected species of wildlife to start living in urban landscapes. Moths, butterflies, woodpeckers and even serotine bats, more commonly found in the countryside, have also been on the rise in this part of London. These changes are the result of increasing efforts to transform urban areas from wildlife dead­spots into attractive, practical homes for nature alongside citizens. One new initiative is even trying to get offices to keep bees.

Urban rewilding initiatives often have multiple levels of benefit — greener spaces not only make people happier, but also help solve water drainage (排水) problems and prevent flooding, as well as providing a home for bees and other animals. But perhaps one of their most valuable features is to make us feel more connected with nature and be more aware of our relationship with the environment.

The long game is not just to build green compromises into existing city areas, but to shift what development looks like in a city. Until recent years, urbanisation has meant turning green areas grey with the concrete, asphalt (沥青) and glass of traditional buildings. That transformation has unsurprisingly ended up being bad for our mental well­being, physical health, environment, ecosystems and wildlife.

Rewilding is one way to completely change that process: prioritising (按重要性排列) plants and animals first, and paving the way for the benefits to our health, well­being and the urban environment that follow.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。城市再野生化，受惠者只是野生动物吗？本文介绍了城市再野生化的诸多益处。

12. Why are black redstarts referred to in Paragraph 1?

A. To stress the importance of rare birds.

B. To show urban rewilding has paid off.

C. To suggest their love for living downtown.

D. To prove man lives in harmony with nature.

B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But in recent years, without being artificially introduced into the area, this rare bird has started to make a home in this crowded part of Central London.”可推知，提到赭红尾鸲是为了证明城市再野生化工程有了效果，这种稀有鸟类“不请自来”。故选B。

13. What can be learnt about serotine bats?

A. Their homes have completely changed.

B. People build more homes for them.

C. Their population is increasing in cities.

D. They are uncommon in the countryside.

C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Moths, butterflies, woodpeckers and even serotine bats, more commonly found in the countryside, have also been on the rise in this part of London.”可知，这种蝙蝠在伦敦的数量在上升。故选C。

14. What is the author's attitude to urbanisation?

A. Critical.　　　 B. Approving.

C. Ambiguous. D. Objective.

A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Until recent years, urbanisation has meant turning green areas grey with the concrete, asphalt and glass of traditional buildings. That transformation has unsurprisingly ended up being bad for our mental well­being, physical health, environment, ecosystems and wildlife.”可知，作者提到了城市化的坏处，由此可推断，作者对城市化的态度应是批判的。故选A。

15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Wildlife Is Coming Back to Cities

B. Urban Rewilding Benefits Both Man and Wildlife

C. Man Is Making Efforts to Protect Wild Animals

D. We Need More Urban Rewilding Projects for Nature

B　标题归纳题。文章前两段说明的是城市再野生化对野生动物的好处，第三、四段提到了城市再野生化对人类的好处，最后一段再次强调：优先考虑植物和动物，这样做能为我们的健康、幸福以及城市环境带来好处。由此可知，本文主要介绍的是城市再野生化惠及野生动物和人类。所以选项B作为文章标题最为合适。

Ⅱ. 七选五

If you are like millions of people around the world, the New Year brings with it new goals. But you get busy. Yet, your goal remains important.   1 

◆ Identify specific goals.

As you identify your goals, be specific. If a goal is too general, it may be hard to pursue, let alone achieve it.   2   That's a fine idea. Yet psychologists might say as a goal, it is too general. To make the goal more specific, you could sign up for a regular exercise class.

◆  3 

Experts say writing down your goals is important. It gets the goals out of your brain and into the real world. Some psychologists suggest that writing a goal on paper is better than typing it on a device or saying it into your phone. Your brain receives information differently when it comes from handwriting. Writing has another benefit: You can post your goals somewhere as a reminder.

◆ Break down big goals into small ones.

  4   Some can be quite big. And for those bigger goals, experts suggest breaking them down into smaller ones. Say you want to work for yourself. You decide to start your own company that supplies food for special events. That is a very big goal. But it is made up of many smaller goals. So, identify them, write them down and set for yourself time limits.

◆Tell a friend.

Telling someone your goals is also helpful. If someone else knows about your goals, you are held responsible for any progress or lack of progress. You feel the pressure of your friend's opinion of you. That can be a big pressure!   5 

A. Write your goals down.

B. Not all goals are created equal.

C. Keep your life goals as a reminder.

D. Say your goal is to get in better physical shape.

E. You are bound to achieve your goals if you are determined.

F. So how can we find ways to work on these larger life goals?

G. Many people do not want to let others down, especially friends and family.

1～5　FDABG