精品解析：2022年广东省广州市中考英语真题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：2022年广东省广州市中考英语真题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了语法选择，完形填空，阅读，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年广州市初中学业水平考试
英语
本试卷共14页，四大题，满分90分。考试用时100分钟。
一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
When I was nine years old, I wanted to keep a pet fish. After months of ___1___, I finally had enough money to get one. I named it Bob, I put ___2___ beautiful toy house with windows in the tank (鱼缸) so that Bob could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of ___3___ fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I ___4___ at school.
However, ___5___ a month, I noticed that the tank was getting dirty. My dad asked me ___6___ it into the kitchen. He wanted to make sure I knew ___7___ to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt.
First, my dad told me to reach ___8___ into the tank and take the house away. ___9___ I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot ____10____ than I thought.
“ That’s smelly! ” I said. “ Let’s hurry up and ____11____ the fish out of the water, Dad! ”
“ Not so fast, Ben, ” Dad said. “ We need to save some of the old water, ____12____ Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank. ”
“ Why? ” I asked.
“ Running water from the tap can be harmful to fish, ” Dad explained. “ That ____13____ we can’t put Bob into fresh water right away. Instead, we need to put him in a cup with ____14____ of the dirty water for a while. ” …
All seemed so easy. I hoped the next time I would be able to clean the tank all by ____15____.
1. A. save B. saves C. saved D. saving
2. A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others
4. A. am B. was C. were D. will be
5. A. before B. for C. after D. during
6. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring
7. A. where B. what C. how D. why
8. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. caring
9. A. If B. Unless C. When D. Though
10. A. dirty B. dirtier C. dirtiest D. the dirtiest
11. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting
12. A. so B. or C. because D. but
13. A. mean B. means C. meant D. is meaning
14. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
15. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了作者9岁时喜欢养鱼并为鱼换水的故事。
【1题详解】
句意：经过几个月的攒钱我终于有足够的钱买了一个。
save节省，攒钱，原形；saves第三人称单数；saved过去式；saving现在分词或者动名词。根据“of”可知，介词后跟动名词。故选D。
【2题详解】
句意：我给它取名为鲍勃，我在鱼缸里放了一个漂亮的带窗户的玩具屋，这样鲍勃就可以游过去了。
a一个，用在辅音音素词前；an一个，用在元音音素词前；the指已提到或易领会到的人或事物；/不填。根据“beautiful toy”可知，此处表泛指，beautiful以辅音音素开头，使用a。故选A。
【3题详解】
句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
other其他的；others其他人（物）；the other两者的另一个；the others特指剩余的其他人（物）。根据“fish and sea plants”可知，此处使用other，后跟名词复数。故选A。
【4题详解】
句意：有时，我会画一些其他鱼类和海生植物的图片，然后把它们粘在鱼缸的一边，这样鲍勃就不会在我上学的时候感到孤独了。
am第一人称单数现在时；was第一和第三人称单数过去式；were复数和第二人称单数过去式；will be一般将来时。根据“so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I …at school.”可知，此处使用动词过去式，主语为I，使用was。故选B。
【5题详解】
句意：然而，一个月后，我注意到鱼缸变脏了。
before在……之前；for持续一段时间；after在……之后；during在……期间。根据“I noticed that the tank was getting dirty.”可知，应该是过了一个月后，才发现鱼缸变脏的。故选C。
【6题详解】
句意：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。
bring带来，带……到某处，原形；bringing现在分词或者动名词；brought过去式；to bring动词不定式。根据“My dad asked me”可知，ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”，故选D。
【7题详解】
句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。
where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“knew…to do ”可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，使用what，what to do“做什么”，故选B。
【8题详解】
句意：首先，我爸爸让我小心地把手伸进鱼缸，把房子搬走。
care关心；careful小心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词；caring关心，动名词或者现在分词。根据“reach”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，故选C。
【9题详解】
句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
If如果；Unless除非；When当……时；Though虽然。根据“…I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处指当我……时，使用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。
【10题详解】
句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。
dirty肮脏的；dirtier比较级；dirtiest最高级；the dirtiest定冠词the+最高级。根据“I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处使用形容词的比较级，故选B。
【11题详解】
句意：爸爸，我们赶快把鱼从水里捞出来吧！
get得到，原形；gets第三人称单数；got过去式。getting现在分词或者动名词。根据“Let’s hurry up and”可知，let sb do“让某人做”，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：我们需要保留一些旧水，因为我们清洗鱼缸时，鲍勃需要一个地方住。
so因此；or或者；because因为；but但是。根据“Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.”可知，此处空后为原因，使用because，故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：那意味着我们不能马上把鲍勃放进淡水里。
mean意思是，原形；means第三人称单数；meant过去式；is meaning现在进行时。根据“Instead, we need to put him in a cup”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数，使用动词第三人称单数，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：相反，我们需要把他放在一个装有少量脏水的杯子里一段时间。
few几乎没有；a few一些；little几乎没有；a little一点。根据“of the dirty water”可知，此处water为不可数名词，且表示肯定含义，使用a little，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：一切似乎都很容易。我希望下次我能独自清洗水箱。
me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。根据“by”可知，by oneself“独自”，故选D。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Sam was worried. The following morning, he would have art class. It was his favourite class, but there was a ____16____. Sam saw the world differently from everybody else. When he drew, birds had different-sized wings, and buildings had strange shapes. Every time he painted a picture, his teachers and classmates would be ____17____.
It was time for the art class. Nervously, Sam looked at the white piece of paper in front of him.
“ Good morning class, ” said Mr. White. “ Today, we’re going to paint … ”
Sam ____18____, wondering what the next word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings …
“ We’re going to paint ____19____” said Mr. White, with a smile.
“ Yes! Great! ” said Sam ____20____.
“ We can’t paint that! ” shouted Mike from the other side of the classroom.
“Sure you can,” replied Mr. White ____21____. “ Think about it, Mike. What makes you happy? ”
“ Umm … beaches, sunshine, and … ice-cream! ” said Mike.
“ Well, there you go. That’s how you paint it. Start working! ” said Mr. White.
Sam was already ____22____. He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint all over the ____23____. It was really beautiful! There were shapes that we didn’t have in the real world and the colours were so shining. The whole class ____24____ and Sam looked proud.
From that day on, Sam was never ______25______ about art class. He knew that he could paint happiness, no matter what he painted.
16. A. difference B. problem C. reason D. way
17. A. encouraged B. relaxed C. satisfied D. surprised
18. A. agreed B. replied C. understood D. waited
19. A. buildings B. houses C. happiness D. summer
20. A. excitedly B. carelessly C. kindly D. sadly
21. A. angrily B. patiently C. secretly D. worriedly
22. A. painting B. playing C. talking D. writing
23. A. book B. floor C. paper D. wall
24. A. cheered B. doubted C. finished D. regretted
25. A. careful B. certain C. happy D. nervous
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍萨姆由担心上美术课到喜欢上美术课的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：这是他最喜欢的课，但有一个问题。
difference差异；problem问题；reason原因；way方式。根据“It was his favourite class, but”he“Sam saw the world differently from everybody else.”可知，but后表转折，应该指有一个问题。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：萨姆很惊讶，不知道下一个单词会是什么。
encouraged受鼓舞的；relaxed放松的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Sam saw the world differently from everybody else. When he drew, birds had different-sized wings, and buildings had strange shapes.”可知，此处老师和同学是惊讶的，故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：萨姆等着，不知道下一个字会是什么。
agreed同意；replied回复；understood理解；waited等待。根据“wondering what the next word would be. Please, he thought, not houses. Not buildings …”可知，他在等待着老师说出要画的内容。故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：怀特先生笑着说：“我们要画幸福”。
buildings建筑；houses房子；happiness快乐，幸福；summer夏天。根据“What makes you happy?”和“He knew that he could paint happiness”可知，此处画的是幸福，故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：“是的！太好了！”萨姆兴奋地说。
excitedly兴奋地；carelessly粗心地；kindly体贴地，友好地；sadly伤心地。根据“Yes! Great!”可知，萨姆很兴奋，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：“当然可以，”怀特先生耐心地回答。
angrily气愤地；patiently耐心地；secretly秘密地；worriedly担忧地。根据““ We can’t paint that! ” shouted Mike from the other side of the classroom.”可知，此处怀特先生听到了迈克的反对建议，没有生气，耐心地回复。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：萨姆已经在画画了。
painting画；playing玩；talking交谈；writing写。根据“He splashed (泼洒) large amounts of paint”可知，萨姆已经在进行绘画了。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：他把大量的颜料泼洒在纸上。
book书；floor地板；paper 纸；wall墙。根据“Nervously, Sam looked at the white piece of paper in front of him.”可知，应该在纸上进行绘画，故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：全班同学都欢呼起来，萨姆看起来很自豪。
cheered欢呼；doubted怀疑；finished结束；regretted后悔。根据“Sam looked proud”可知，全班都为他欢呼，故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：从那天起，萨姆对美术课从不紧张。
careful小心的；certain确定的；happy快乐的；nervous紧张的。根据“Nervously, Sam looked at the white piece of paper in front of him.”和“He knew that he could paint happiness”可知，之前是紧张的，但现在得到了大家的认可，就不再紧张了。故选D。
三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从26~40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
When you and your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, you give each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to make decisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.
The first step toward helping others is to identify that they need help. We all know that difficulties are part of our daily lives. However, sometimes small things can lead to more serious problems that require more help. It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well.
The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life. When we communicate with others, we need to learn when to speak and when not to. As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives. Listening and paying attention to others when they speak is a sign of respect and a skill that will lead to deeper and better relationships.
26. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To discuss why people help each other. B. To describe the problems of giving help.
C. To introduce the advantages of giving help. D. To explain how we can help others properly.
27. What does the underlined word “identify” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Require. B. Discover. C. Suggest. D. Remember.
28. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. Act as a good listener to your friends. B. Learn how to give advice to your friends.
C. Pay attention to your friends’ unusual acts. D. Build good relationships with your friends.
29. According to the writer, what should you do if your friends don’t follow your advice on their serious problems?
A. Keep their problems as secrets. B. Let them make their own decisions.
C. Find out the causes of their problems. D. Get help from their trusted teachers.
【答案】26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。
26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“This requires us to learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。
【27题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’s important to make sure when to help a friend. For example, you may pick up some signs that your friends are not acting like themselves. These signs show they may not be well”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discover”。故选B。
【28题详解】
段落大意题。根据“The next step toward helping others is to listen. Paying attention to others while listening is very important throughout our life”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“As listeners, we should try to understand what the speakers are feeling or experiencing and try to see things from their perspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。
(B)
Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy’s grandparents had lived in the house for years and they had collected many things.
The dining room was full of memories. Amy’s grandfather kept many fine dinner plates（盘子）from his hometown. Amy remembered that they ate from the red, yellow, and blue plates during important holidays.
After carefully wrapping up（包裹）the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way. But the box was too heavy. It suddenly fell from her arms and dropped to the floor. All three of them heard the plates shatter.
“ I’m sorry! ” Amy apologised.
“ It’s okay, ” her grandfather said quietly. “ It was an accident. ”
They opened the box and, sure enough, many of the plates were broken. Only a few remained whole. Looking at the small pieces, Amy felt really terrible. She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents and …
“ Don’t worry, ” her grandmother said, patting her on the back. Carefully, they put the broken pieces into a rubbish bag.
They continued packing for a little while, but Amy still felt very sorry. She was trying very hard to think of a way to make it up for her grandparents.
Soon, Amy’s father came.
“ I have to go, ” she said. “ Dad is here to pick me up. ”
She kissed her grandparents both picked up the bag of the broken pieces and left.
“ What’s that? ” her father asked, as Amy climbed into the car.
Amy looked at the bag in her hands as an idea came to her. “ This, ” she said, “ is an art project. ”
The following day, Amy went to an art store and bought everything she needed. Then she started to work. She used a thin board as the base. Then she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry, Amy wrapped it up.
A few days later, Amy’s family had a big dinner at her grandparents’ new house. She handed her gift to her grandparents.
“ This is fantastic, Amy! ” said her grandfather.
“ I can’t wait to hang it up in our new home, ” Amy’s grandmother said as she gave her a big hug.
30. What was Amy helping her grandparents do at the beginning of the story?
A. Move to a new house. B. Wrap up some presents.
C. Collect fine dinner plates. D. Prepare a big family dinner.
31. Why did Amy feel sorry for the broken plates?
A. They were never used by the family. B. They were valuable holiday presents.
C. They were meaningful family treasures. D. They were expensive hometown products.
32. How did Amy finally deal with the broken plate pieces?
A. She sent them to an art store. B. She put them in her father’s car.
C. She made a special gift with them. D. She threw them into a rubbish bag.
33. Which of the following best describes Amy?
A. Kind and creative. B. Brave but forgetful.
C. Careless but helpful. D. Funny and hardworking.
【答案】30. A 31. C 32. C 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子，她感到很内疚，她用碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Slowly but surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizes were placed on top of each other throughout the house”及第三段“After carefully wrapping up the plates and putting them into a box, Amy lifted it up and moved it out of the way”可知，艾米帮祖父母把东西打包搬家。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“She knew these plates were passed down from her great grandparents”可知，这些盘子是从祖祖父母那里传下来的，可知是有意义的家族财宝。故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“she took out the colourful plate pieces and glued them in a creative way on the board. When it was dry, Amy wrapped it up”及倒数第三段“She handed her gift to her grandparents”可知，她用破碎的盘子制作了一份礼物。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述艾米帮祖父母搬家的时候打破了盘子，她感到很内疚，她用碎片制作了一份礼物送给了祖父母。可推断艾米非常善良非常有创意。故选A。
(C)
Charles Darwin
Early years
Charles Darwin was one of the six children from a big family. His grandfather and father were doctors and the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to study medicine. However, he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor. He then went to Cambridge University and discovered that he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals. Luckily, one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature.
The Beagle

In 1831, Charles Darwin left Plymouth on The Beagle, a ship that took him around the world for five years. While he was travelling, he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited. Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor (祖先).
Down house

At home at Down House, a place that you can still visit today, Darwin wrote many articles and books about his travels, but he didn’t want to make anything about his theory known to the public. He worked in his study, where he wrote 250,000 words about his theory of evolution (进化论), but he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans. He thought the public would be against it and was so frightened that he became ill with worry. However, when another scientist started to write about similar ideas, Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species.
Most scientists accepted Darwin’s theory and people continue to study it today. On 12th February, the day he was born, Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world.
34. What caused Darwin to give up his study of medicine?
A. He didn’t like seeing blood. B. He found the studies too difficult.
C. He was pushed to give up by his family. D. He was advised to study natural science.
35. Why was the trip on The Beagle important to Darwin?
A. It helped him to finish his study at the university.
B. It allowed him to change his mind about his future.
C. It gave him ideas about the beginnings of human life.
D. It got him to complete his most famous book on the ship.
36. In what order did the following happen in Darwin’s life?
a. He arrived back in Britain in 1836.
b. He thought the public would not support his ideas.
c. He became interested in studying the natural world.
d. He printed his famous book, On the Origin of Species.
e. He received help to get a place on a trip around the world.
f. He studied the plants and animals on the islands he visited.
A. e→f→c→a→b→d B. c→e→f→a→b→d C. e→f→a→c→d→b D. c→e→f→d→a→b
37. Why did the writer include the last paragraph?
A To introduce Darwin’s famous book.
B. To tell how people celebrate Darwin Day.
C. To explain why people accept Darwin’s ideas.
D. To show Darwin’s influence on natural science.
【答案】34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述达尔文早期的学习和旅行经历，讲述达尔文研究自然世界，并完成《物种起源》的经历。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“he hated to see blood and he soon realized that he couldn’t be a doctor”可知，达尔文讨厌看到血，所以放弃了学医。故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Darwin also spent his time on The Beagle writing notes about the things he had seen. When he finally arrived back in Britain, Darwin was already starting to create his famous theory that all living things had a common ancestor”可知，达尔文在“小猎户号”船上的旅行，让他开始创造他有名的理论，他认为所有的生物都有一个共同的祖先。故选C。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“he had a great interest in studying plants, insects and animals”可知，他对学习自然世界感兴趣。根据“one of Darwin’s university teachers helped him, join the perfect trip for a biologist: a voyage around the world to study nature”可知，他得到帮助可以去环球航行。根据“he studied the plants and animals in the countries and on the islands that the ship visited”可知，他在岛上研究植物和动物。根据“When he finally arrived back in Britain”可知，他回到英国。根据“he was frightened about what people might say about his idea that monkeys were the ancestors of humans”可知，他认为大众不会支持他的想法。根据“Darwin decided to print his book, On the Origin of Species”可知，他出版了他的书《物种起源》。正确的顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Darwin Day is celebrated around the world to encourage more people to study the natural world”可知，达尔文日是为了鼓励更多的人研究自然科学。可推断最后一段是为了展示达尔文在自然科学上的影响。故选D。
(D)

Imagine you are in a new city. You ask someone how to get to a bookstore. They tell you to go straight, turn left, and you will find it on your left. In fact, you can also find your way with a phone. Now imagine you are in an outdoor game. You only have a map and a compass, and instead of running down a city road, you may need to run around in the woods, climb over rocks and go up and down hills. Welcome to orienteering!
In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations. These stations are called controls. A special flag, usually in bright colours, marks each control. Controls are not easy to find. They may be in front of a big rock or behind a tree. In most of the games, you’ll have to find controls in numbered order, but in some games you can change the order.
At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways ( See Figure 1 ). The cards are very important because players must find all the controls to win. If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their cards. They might cross the finish line first, but the next person to finish with a full card will win the game.
Orienteering Control Card



Culture Note: The first compass was invented by ancient Chinese people. It helps you find your way by always pointing to the North.
Name
Start time
Course
Age
Class
Finish time
1

2

3

4

5

6
7

8

9

10
11

12

Figure 1

38. What will players carry in the game?
A. A map, a compass and a flag. B. A flag, a compass and a card.
C. A compass, a map and a card. D. A phone, a compass and a map.
39. Which of the following is a rule of the game?
A. You don’t need to mark the cards.
B. You can’t miss any of the controls to win.
C. You have to find controls in numbered order.
D. You must be the first to pass the finish line to win.
40. How many controls has Anna finished in the game?
A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. D. 12.
【答案】38. C 39. B 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In the game of orienteering, players use a map and a compass to find stations”及“At each control, players mark a card they carry with them and the card will be marked in different ways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“If someone misses a control, they won’t have that mark on their card”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读短文及文后A~E选项，选出可以填入41~45各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? ____41____ Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport?
____42____ Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier, Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it?
____43____ If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon（马拉松）: you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit.
Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. ____44____
It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. ____45____ Who wouldn’t want that?
A. Start small!
B. That way, you’ll never give it up!
C. It’s about being healthier and feeling happier.
D. For a start, exercise is not just about the body.
E. But we also know that not everybody loves doing it.
【答案】41. E 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述做锻炼的好处，讲述锻炼应从小的方面着手，做让人享受的运动，这样才能让人更健康更开心。
【41题详解】
根据“Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up”可知，跑或者游泳很长一段路会让人想躺倒放弃，可知讲述锻炼对人有好处，但是不是每个人都会喜欢。E选项“但是我们也知道不是每个人都喜欢做这件事”符合。故选E。
【42题详解】
根据“Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling”及“Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily”可知，身体的运动引起人的大脑的变化，帮助人感觉更新鲜更容易睡着，可知讲述除了身体，锻炼对人其他方面的影响。D选项“首先，锻炼不只是关于身体方面的”符合。故选D。
【43题详解】
根据“give up and go back to your old ways”及“Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit”可知，每天走路骑自行车十分钟是形成锻炼习惯的好方法，这样人不会放弃，可知句子讲述应从小的方面着手。A选项“从小的方面开始”符合。故选A。
【44题详解】
根据“Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy”及“Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out”可知，选择的锻炼活动不仅能有益于身体，而且让人享受。可知句子讲述让人享受的运动对人的益处。B选项“那样的话，你就永不会放弃”符合。故选B。
【45题详解】
根据“Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance”可知，有规律的锻炼不只是关于外表，根据前文讲述对人其他方面的益处，以及锻炼让人享受，可推断，句子讲述锻炼更多的是让人健康让人开心。C选项“是关于更健康和感觉更开心”符合。故选C。
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunbuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c ___46___ of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f ___47___ countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v ___48___ Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i ___49___ , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c ___50___ to see Dunhuang’s treasures online.
【答案】46. (c)entre##(c)enter
47. (f)oreign
48. (v)isit
49. (i)nside
50. (c)hance
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。
【46题详解】
句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。
【47题详解】
句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“countries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“foreign”。故填(f)oreign。
【48题详解】
句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“you”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。
【49题详解】
句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discover some of the wonderful artworks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。
【50题详解】
句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“to see Dunhuang’s treasures online” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance to do”。故填(c)hance。
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）
51. 凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to ______ ______ ______ the activities on the school Science Day.
【答案】 ①. take ②. part ③. in
【解析】
【详解】表达“计划做某事”用短语“plan to do”，表达“参加”用短语“take part in”。故填take；part；in。
52. 凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。
Kate wondered ______ ______ ______ ______ something for the Science Day.
【答案】 ①. if ②. she ③. could ④. do
【解析】
【详解】动词“wondered”后面是宾语从句，是一般过去时，从句是陈述句的语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。表达“是否”用“if”引导从句。从句的主语是“她”，翻译为“she”。表达“能”用情态动词“could”，后接动词原形，表达“做”用动词“do”。故填if；she；could；do。
53. 一开始，凯特小组制作水火箭有困难。
At first, Kate’s group ______ ______ ______ ______ the bottle rocket.
【答案】 ①. had ②. difficulty ③. in ④. making
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文可知，此处空对应的中文为“制作……有困难”，have difficulty in doing“做某事有困难”，make“制作”，此处句子为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填had；difficulty；in；making。
54. 在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket ______ ______ successfully by Kate’s group.
【答案】 ①. was ②. sent
【解析】
【详解】分析句子可知，主语“the bottle rocket”以及谓语send“发送”之间是被动关系，且由语境可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was；sent。
55. 学校科学日很精彩。凯特小组真高兴！
The school Science Day was wonderful. ______ ______ Kate’s group were!
【答案】 ①. How ②. happy
【解析】
【详解】表达“高兴”用形容词“happy”作表语。句子用“how +形容词+主语+谓语动词”的感叹句结构。句首首字母“h”大写。故填How；happy。
第三节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
56. 你校将兴建新图书馆，学校英文报以“My Green School Library”为题向学生征稿。请根据以下思维导图的内容提示写一篇短文投稿，介绍你所设计（design）的绿色图书馆。

注意：
1.可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
2.词数80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入词数）；
3.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。
My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Green School Library
I want to design a green school library. It is green. It is built entirely from renewable resources. It is round. When you sit inside, you will feel very warm. It is composed of waste paper and solar panels. All its energy comes from the sun. You can read all kinds of books in it. You can also listen to music in it. If you are tired, you can also rest inside.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要以“My Green School Library”为题，并根据题干中的思维导图介绍你所设计的绿色图书馆，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时为主，人称以第二人称和第三人称为主。主要是根据思维导图中的提示描述自己设计的绿色图书馆，写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。