2022-2023学年广东省深圳市福田区外国语高级中学高一下学期期中英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省深圳市福田区外国语高级中学高一下学期期中英语试题含解析，共30页。

 深圳市福田区外国语高级中学2022-2023学年度第二学期
高一年级期中考试英语学科试题
答题注意事项：
1．本试卷满分120分;考试用时120分钟;
2．本试卷分二卷，不按要求答卷不得分。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共90分)
第一部分 选择题(共25小题，每题1分，共25分)
1. You should put more ______ into your work.
A. effect B. effort C. fitness D. expectation
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该投入更多地努力在你工作上。A.effect影响；效果；B.effort努力；C.fitness健康；适当；D.expectation期待。根据句意，应是投入更多努力在工作上，故选B。
2. He’s one of the bar’s ______ customers, so he can enjoy the drinks at a discount.
A. regular B. normal C. official D. extraordinary
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是酒吧的常客，所以他可以享受打折的饮料。A. regular规律的，频繁的；B. normal正常的；C. official官方的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据后文“so he can enjoy the drinks at a discount”可知是常客，可以享受打折的饮料。故选A。
3. —I hear you’ve had a few new football players.
—Yes. But one or two had no strict ______ until they joined our club.
A. practice B. training C. performance D. progress
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——我听说你们有几个新的足球运动员。——是的，但有一两个人在加入我们俱乐部之前没有经过严格的训练。A.practice实践；B. training训练；C. performance表现；D. progress进步。根据a few new football players可知，指有一两个人在加入我们俱乐部之前没有经过严格的训练。故选B项。
4. More attention should be paid to improving ______ in our factory so that we can increase our production.
A. equipment B. settlement C. appointment D. investment
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该更加注重改进厂里的设备，以便提高我们的生产力。A. equipment设备；B. settlement结算；C. appointment约定；D. investment投资。由“in our factory”可知，我们应该更加注重改进厂里的设备，以便提高我们的生产力。故选A项。
5. You might as well set your ______ clear before you want to achieve it.
A. dream B. purpose C. object D. goal
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你想实现目标之前，你不妨先把目标设定清楚。A.dream梦想；B. purpose目的； C. object对象;物体;D. goal目标。set one’s goal“设定目标”为常用搭配，符合句意。故选D项。
6. —Mr. Li has been working all the morning with no rest.
—He is a (n) ______ man. He never looks tired.
A. optimistic B. attractive C. distant D. energetic
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——先生。李一上午都在工作，没有休息。——他是个精力充沛的人。他看上去从不疲倦。A.optimistic乐观的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. distant远的；D. energetic经历充沛的。根据“ He never looks tired.”可知，他是个精力充沛的人。故选D项。
7. All of a sudden, a tiger shark turned and swam to the man ______ beside the boat.
A. laying B. stood C. lying D. lain
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一条虎鲨转身向躺在船边的人游去。A. laying放置（lay的现在分词形式）；B. stood站立；C. lying躺（现在分词形式）；D. lain躺（过去分词形式）。空处填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the man，the man与所填词为主动关系，且表示躺着，故选C项。
8. I was late, but ______ the meeting hadn’t started.
A. fortunately B. eventually C. certainly D. absolutely
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我迟到了，但幸运的是，会议还没开始。A.fortunately幸运地；B. eventually最终地；C. certainly当然地； D. absolutely完全地。根据“the meeting hadn’t started”可知，幸运的是，会议还没开始。故选A项。
9. If you do not change your ______towards your study, you will not make any progress, I believe.
A. mind B. attitude C. idea D. view
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信，如果你不改变你的学习态度，你将不会取得任何进步。A. mind头脑；B. attitude态度；C. idea主意；D. view观点。根据句意以及固定搭配attitude towards sth. “对……的态度”可知，“attitude”合适。故选B。
10. For more than 20 years, we’ve been supporting educational programs that ______ from kindergartens to college
A. shift B. move C. range D. reach
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：20多年来，我们一直在支持从幼儿园到大学的教育项目。A.shift 转移；B.move移动； C. range(在一定的范围内)变化；D. reach到达。range from...to...“范围从……到……”符合句意。故选C项。
11. A great welcoming party was held yesterday ______ the visiting president, Mr. Xi Jinping.
A. in place of B. in charge of C. in honour of D. in memory of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨天为欢迎来访的习近平主席举行了盛大的欢迎会。A. in place of代替；B. in charge of负责；C. in honour of为庆祝；D. in memory of纪念。根据后文“the visiting president, Mr. Xi Jinping”指庆祝访问。故选C。
12. He continued speaking,___________ my feelings on the matter.
A. regardless of B. as a result of
C. instead of D. in case of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他不顾我对这件事的感受，继续说下去。A. regardless of不管；B. as a result of由于；C. instead of而不是；D. in case of万一。根据He continued speaking可知，他没有顾及我的感情。故选A。
13. My mother opened the drawer to ______ the knives and spoons.
A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的妈妈打开抽屉把小刀和橡皮收起来。A. put away 把……收起来；B. put up 张贴，搭起 ；C. put on 穿上，上演；D. put together把……组合起来。根据常识可知，打开抽屉是为了把小刀和橡皮收起来。故选A。

14. There are only five minutes left, so you should tell me the truth ________.
A. in brief B. in public C. in action D. in need
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：只剩五分钟了，所以你应该简短地告诉我真相。A.in brief简短地；B. in public公开地；C . in action 在运转；D.in need在危难中。根据“There are only five minutes left”可知，只剩五分钟了，所以你应该简短地告诉我真相。故选A项。
15. —I’m sorry I didn’t finish my task on time.
—Never mind. ______, you have tried your best.
A. At all B. All in all C. In all D. After all
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：——-很抱歉我没有按时完成任务。——没关系。毕竟，你已经尽力了。A.At all根本； B.All in all总的来说； C.In all总计； D.After all毕竟。根据“you have tried your best.”可知，毕竟，你已经尽力了。故选D项。
16. I am fond of music while my sister likes reading novels. It seems that we have nothing ________.
A. in trouble B. in common C. in place D. in need
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我喜欢音乐，而我妹妹喜欢看小说。似乎我们没有什么共同之处。A. in trouble处于困境中；B. in common相同的； C. in place在合适的位置； D.in need贫困的。由前一句“I am fond of music while my sister likes reading novels.”可知，我和妹妹没有共同之处，have…in common有……共同之处，固定短语，符合题意。故选B。
17. A letter from his mother ______ an attack of homesickness.
A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set aside
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。意：一 封来自母亲的信引发了一 场思乡之情。A.set out出发；着手；B.set off动身；出发；引发；C.set up建立；D.set aside置于一 边。根据句意，此处表示母亲的来信引起了他想家。故选B。
18. I guess this book ______ be Mary’s, but I’m not sure.
A. must B. mustn’t C. may D. can
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我想这本书可能是玛丽的，但我不敢肯定。A. must必须；B. mustn’t禁止；C. may可能；D. can能够。根据句意以及“but I’m not sure”可知，可能性不太大，应用情态动词may。故选C。
19. Jenny ______ with him at that time, for I was having dinner with her in my home.
A. can’t have been B. mustn’t have been
C. must have been D. may have been
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：珍妮那时不可能和他在一起，因为我正在家里和她一起吃晚饭。根据句意可知，因为我正在家里和珍妮一起吃晚饭，所以珍妮不可能和他在一起。表示对过去情况否定的推测，且可能性比较大用“can’t have been”。故选A。
20. Jessie hurried to the station, only ______ the train had left.
A. to tell B. told C. telling D. to be told
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰西急忙赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。分析句子成分可知，空处应为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。又因“Jessie”和“tell”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故选D。
21. She pretended ______ me when I passed by.
A. to not see B. not seeing C. not to see D. having not seen
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我走过的时候，她假装没看见我。pretend not to do sth“假装没做某事”。故选C项。
22. I am sure the news ______ at the meeting tomorrow will surprise all of you.
A. announced B. announcing C. to be announced D. being announced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信明天会上宣布的消息会让大家大吃一惊。根据时间状语 tomorrow可知，用不定式作后置定语，表示事情未发生。名词 the news与announce之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态。故选C。
23. I find ________ necessary to do everything we can ________ protect the environment.
A. it; do B. this is; do to C. it; to D. it; in order that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形式主语和非谓语动词。句意：我认为做我们能做一切来保护环境是必要的。整个句中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式 to do everything we can 。分析句子结构可知，do是谓语动词，everything we can是宾语，后省略动词do，后接不定式作目的状语。故选C。
24. ______ such difficult work before, he felt it was terribly hard for him.
A. Not have done B. Having not done
C. Not having been done D. Not having done
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他以前没有做过这么困难的工作，觉得这对他来说太难了。此处do与逻辑主语构成主动关系，且表示已经完成应用having done形式，结合后文he felt it was terribly hard for him可知是没有做过，为否定，在分词前面加not。故选D。
25. The old lady from New York felt very happy when she was able to make herself ________ in her broken Chinese.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当从纽约来的老太太用只言片语的汉语让别人明白她自己时，她很高兴。make +宾语+宾语补足语，herself和understand是被动关系，用过去分词做宾补，表示被动。故选D。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Music and art festivals are fun and exciting events. If you're panning to go to a festival, it's important to plan your trip carefully to ensure that you re safe and have a good time.
■Bring clothes to keep warm or cool
In addition to your fun festival clothing, pack a raincoat, some light tank tops, and a sweater or sweatshirt. Don't forget longer pants for cool evenings or bad weather. In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.
■Get a cheap tent and sleeping bag for multi - day festivals
A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use. Pick up a less expensive tent with enough room for you and your friends and pack a comfortable seeping bag for yourself, 1f you don't want to camp at the festival, remember to book an AirBnb or a hotel room nearby!
■Place a first aid kit in a proper place
Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.
26. Why should umbrellas be left at home?
A. They take up too much space. B. The weather will be terrible.
C. They might hurt someone. D. Travelers prefer raincoats,
27. What do most people do with tents after festivals?
A. Sell them. B. Return them. C. Pack them up. D. Throw them away.
28. What is suggested about the first aid kit?
A. It should be put at hand. B. It ought to be big enough.
C. It must contain all medicines. D. It has to be placed in the car.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。音乐和艺术节是有趣和令人兴奋的活动。文章主要就去参加节日活动，提出了一些建议，以确保你的安全并且玩得开心。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.可知一般来说，最好把雨伞放在家里，因为在人多的时候雨伞很危险。由此可知，把雨伞留在家里，因为雨伞可能会伤害到别人。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use.可知大多数人会在漫长的节日后扔掉他们的帐篷，因为他们通常会中断使用。由此可知，大多数人在节日过后，会把帐篷扔掉。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.可知节日前，买一个带创可贴的小急救箱。你需要带上的任何药物，以防你会受到轻伤或头痛。把它放在容易拿到的地方，比如你的帐篷或车里。由此可知，急救箱应该放在手边，容易拿到的地方。故选A。
B
I got my first job at 12 as a waitress. It certainly was tiring but interesting. And when Ⅰ went on to college, it paid for tuition and housing and eventually, a camera.
From the moment I picked up a camera, I was attracted. All I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. The paper at that time was one of the largest in the state and was produced by young journalists who went on to work at every major magazine in the country. For the final two years, I just wanted to be a photographer. The week I finished college. I was hired by the Worthington Daily Globe.
Jim Vance was the top-notch publisher of the Globe. He had very high expectations of all the staff. With little or no instruction from him, 35 writers and photographers were expected to fill the paper with stories that were important to our readers. It was perfect training for my future career at National Geography.
I was the youngest photographer working for National Geography when I arrived in 1978, and I spent at least a decade just trying not to make mistakes. While I was grateful for the opportunity, it was very difficult for me. With each new task came the fear that this was going to be the one where they figured out that I couldn’t do the job. On many tasks, the most challenging part turned out to be the transportation. Over the years, I traveled by horse, cars train, truck and all sorts of old vehicles. I traveled by mule in Mexico, by ship along the Indian Ocean, by fishing boat in the Sea of Galilee. Wherever I traveled in the world, I wanted my pictures to make a real difference in people’s lives.
I am deeply grateful for the amazing lessons photography has taught me. I’ve learnt that women really do hold up half the sky; that language isn’t always necessary, but touch usually is; that all people are not alike, but they do mostly have the same hopes, and fears.
29. When did the author wish to become a photographer?
A. After she graduated from college.
B. When she was working as a waitress.
C. As soon as she picked up the camera.
D. While she was working for the university newspaper.
30. How did the author feel when she began working for National Geography?
A. Inspired B. Worried. C. Touched. D. Disappointed.
31. What has the author learned from photography?
A. Transportation is the most challenging in travelling.
B. Women and men are not equal in some countries.
C. People hold different hopes and ideas towards life.
D. People can still understand each other despite language barriers (障碍).
32. How is the passage developed?
A. By making comparisons. B. By giving examples.
C. By time. D. By space.
【答案】29 D 30. B 31. D 32. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者从事摄影工作的职业发展过程及这一职业带给她的感悟。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“From the moment I picked up a camera, I was attracted. All I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. The paper at that time was one of the largest in the state and was produced by young journalists who went on to work at every major magazine in the country. For the final two years, I just wanted to be a photographer.”（从我拿起相机的那一刻起，我就被吸引住了。我只想为大学校报《明尼苏达日报》拍摄照片。当时的报纸是该州最大的报纸之一，由年轻记者制作，他们后来在该国的每一家主要杂志社工作。在最后两年里，我只想成为一名摄影师。）可知，作者在大学期间为大学校报《明尼苏达日报》拍摄照片，在为校报工作的最后两年里，她只想成为一名摄影师，由此可知，作者在为大学校报工作时希望成为一名摄影师。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“I was the youngest photographer working for National Geography when I arrived in 1978, and I spent at least a decade just trying not to make mistakes.”（1978年，当我来到《国家地理》时，我是在这工作的最年轻的摄影师，我花了至少十年时间只是努力不犯错误。）可知，作者刚来到《国家地理》工作时，担心犯错误，花了至少十年时间只是努力不犯错误，由此可推断出，作者刚开始为《国家地理》工作时的感觉是担心的，担心犯错误。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“I am deeply grateful for the amazing lessons photography has taught me. I’ve learnt that women really do hold up half the sky; that language isn’t always necessary, but touch usually is; that all people are not alike, but they do mostly have the same hopes, and fears.”（我深深地感激摄影给我带来的惊人的经验。我明白了女人真的能撑起半边天；语言并不总是必要的，但接触通常是必要的；并非所有人都是一样的，但他们大多有着相同的希望和恐惧。）可知，通过摄影作者明白了人与人的沟通，语言并不总是必要的，但接触通常是必要的，虽然并非所有人都是一样的，但他们大多有着相同的希望和恐惧，由此可知，作者从摄影中学到了尽管存在语言障碍，人们仍然可以相互理解。故选D项。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章，结合第一段关键句“I got my first job at 12 as a waitress.”（我12岁时得到了第一份服务员的工作。）、第二段关键句“The week I finished college. I was hired by the Worthington Daily Globe.”（在我大学毕业的那一周。我被《沃辛顿每日环球报》雇佣。）和第四段关键句“I was the youngest photographer working for National Geography when I arrived in 1978, and I spent at least a decade just trying not to make mistakes.”（1978年，当我来到《国家地理》时，我是在这工作的最年轻的摄影师，我花了至少十年时间只是努力不犯错误。）可知，作者以时间为主线展开全文，分别用了“at 12”、“The week I finished college.”和“in 1978”等时间点，由此可推断出，文章是通过时间发展的。故选C项。
C
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox Chinese (春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 21 and ends on April 5 this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time. On the day of the Spring Equinox, sun is directly above the equator. After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Here are 6 things you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Swallows fly north
The ancient Chinese people divided the fifteen days of the Spring Equinox into three “hou’s,” or five-dayparts. As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou, which vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.
Egg-standing games
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4, 000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Flying kites
Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So to pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
Later flying kites developed into a popular game of spring. On the Spring Equinox, people write a blessing on the kite, hoping that the gods in the sky would see it.
Eating spring vegetables
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a commonly practiced custom in many regions of China. ‘Spring vegetables’ refers to seasonal vegetables that differ from place to place. The ancient teachings in the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggests that people eat seasonal foods to help preserve health and bring good luck.
Sacrifice to the Sun god
During the Spring Equinox, an old tradition practiced by Beijing locals is offering sacrifices to the Sun god. This tradition is called “Zhonghe Festival”. The “Sun Cake”, a round cake made from wheat and sugar, serves as the main offering.
Reward farm cattle
This practice is popular in the southern area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness. Meanwhile, people will also make sacrifice to birds, to thank them for bringing signals for farm work and to ask them not to eat grains later in the year.
33. Which of the following is true about the Spring Equinox?
A. It falls on March 20 every year.
B. The day time is longer than night time.
C. After the Spring Equinox, day time is longer in the Northern Hemisphere.
D. Before the Spring Equinox, night time is longer in the Southern Hemisphere.
34. People cut off the string of the kite in the hope that________.
A. they could have great fun B. the kite will fly freely in the sky
C. they could get good medical resources. D. the diseases will fly away with the kites.
35. which word can replace the underlined word “issues”?
A. Treatments. B. Problems. C. Questions. D. Instruments.
36. People do all the things to wish for good luck except__________.
A. playing egg-standing games B. flying away kites
C. eating spring vegetables D. rewarding farm cattle
【答案】33. C 34. D 35. B 36. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了中国二十四节气中的春分以及春分习俗。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.(春分后，太阳向北移动，导致北半球的白天逐渐变长，南半球的夜晚逐渐变长)”可知，春分之后，北半球的白天时间更长。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flying kites中的“When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.(当风筝在空中时，人们会剪断绳子，让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的消除)”可知，人们剪断风筝的线，希望疾病会随着风筝飞走的。故选D项。
【35题详解】
词句猜测题。根据Flying kites 中“In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources.(在古代，人们没有良好的医疗资源)”可知，为了祈求健康，他们把自己的医疗问题写在纸风筝上。所以划线词的意思是“问题”。故选B项。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Reward farm cattle中的“As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts and both the farmers and the cattle start to become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express their gratefulness.(春分到了，农活开始了，农民和牛都开始忙碌起来。农民们将用糯米团奖励牛群以表达他们的感激之情)”可知，奖励耕牛不是为了祈求好运，而是表达感激。故选D项。
D
A child who suffers bullying (霸凌) usually has low self-respect and their ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened. Therefore, bullying must be stopped.
The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they treat their children at home. Of course, this is much easier said than done and everyone treats their children differently. Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so they have been modeled on such violence. Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies’ lives and there seems to be little warmth.
Early intervention (干预) is truly the best way to stop bullying, but parents of the victims or therapists (治疗师) cannot alter the bully’s home environment. Some things can be done at the school level, however.
Most school programs that address bullying use a multi-faceted (多方面的) method to the problem. This usually involves the advice of some sort, either by peers, a school adviser, teachers, or the principal.
Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring. Define exactly what constitutes (构成) bullying at school. The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking. It is a good way to start to solve the problem.
Get the children’s parents involved in a bullying program. If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective. Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone’s part. Bullying also should be discussed during parent-teacher conferences and PTA meetings. Parental awareness is the key.
In the classroom setting, all teachers should work with the students on bullying. Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying. Children understand modeling behaviors and role-play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool. Have students role-play a bullying situation.
37. In the author’s opinion, bullies usually ________.
A. have extremely high self-esteem B. don’t know the harm of violence
C. look forward to parental involvement D. experience or witness violence at home
38. What does the underlined word “alter” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Know B. Change C. Remove D. Compare
39. It can be learned from Paragraph 6 that it’s important to _______.
A. make a bullying program effective. B. find the key to solving bullying at school
C. make parents aware of bullying at school D. let parents know their children are bullies
40. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to stop bullying in schools. B. What leads to violence in schools.
C. What parents can do to stop bullying. D. How to comfort those who are bullied.
【答案】37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了霸凌现象出现的原因以及解决方法。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence.可知，然而，霸凌者来自使用体罚的家庭，孩子们被教导说，体罚是处理问题和“为所欲为”的方式。霸凌者通常也来自父母经常打架的家庭，所以孩子们就以这种暴力为榜样。故选D。
【38题详解】
词义猜测题。上文提到霸凌者主要是受到家庭的影响，但是受害者的父母和治疗师是不能改变霸凌者的家庭环境的。由此可以推断划线词的意思是改变。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective.以及Parental awareness is the key.可知，父母的意识是最重要的，故选C。
【40题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Therefore, bullying must be stopped.可知本文主要是向大家分析了霸凌现象出现的原因，以及如何解决这个问题，故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分。)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. It's a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. ____41____
It's true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.____42____On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.
But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. ____43____ They begin considering green issues when big decisions.
The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is “60+” .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. ____44____ In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.
____45____ Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.
A. But this is only the beginning.
B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.
C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.
D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.
E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.
F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.
G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.
【答案】41. F 42. A 43. E 44. G 45. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。
【41题详解】
上文“On this evening, people ‘go dark’.(在这个晚上，人们‘走向黑暗’。)”说明活动中，这个晚上人们“走向黑暗”，选项F“也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时。”是对上文的具体解释，选项中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。故选F项。
【42题详解】
上文“It’s true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.(的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力。)”说明关灯一个小时看似作用不大，选项A“但这只是开始。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A项。
【43题详解】
上文“But on another level, a large number of people’s acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.(但在另一个层面上，大量民众的共同行动向政府和企业发出了强有力的信息。)”说明民众已向政府和企业发出强烈信息，选项E“促使他们通过改变政策采取紧急措施。”承接上文，说明民众发出强烈信息的作用，促使政府改变政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.(他们在做重大决定时就开始考虑环保问题。)”对选项进一步解释。选项中与上下文语义相关，通顺合理。故选E项。
【44题详解】
上文“The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is ‘60+’ .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. (‘地球一小时’的标志是‘60+’，数字60代表‘地球一小时’的60分钟。)”说明“地球一小时”的标志是“60+”，选项G“这个“加号”邀请人们在地球一小时结束后继续他们的行动。”是对上文“60+”的解释，引出下文“In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(事实上，参与“地球一小时”活动的人们说，参与这一活动让他们想为环境做更多的事情。)”具体进一步说明人们在地球一个小时活动后想做更多的有关环保事情。选项中The plus和上文中+号语义一致，选项和上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【45题详解】
下文“Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.(音乐家们举行音乐会的方式是使用原声乐器而不是电子乐器，使用蜡烛而不是电灯。名厨为家庭制作了特别的食谱，让他们在烛光下享用。)”说明本段主要讲述除了关灯，人们做的其他节约能源的事情，选项D“除了关灯，人们参与其他活动。”位于段首，概括点明本段主题，说明本段讲述内容是除了关灯以外的其他活动。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I'd always resist doing the adventurous stuff myself. I preferred to observe others and ____46____ their experiences to readers. Thus, when I was challenged to ____47____ a mountain in aid of charity—and to write about it afterwards—I was ____48____.
Then it was a ____49____ that I had a brilliant coach called Keith, who gave me knowledge about everything from building muscle groups to how to ____50____ tiredness. It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more ____51____ than I had imagined. Aware of the challenge, I forced myself to ____52____ a detailed action plan Keith made, working out ____53____ at the gym. My self-belief ____54____ alongside my muscle power, and I became confident about finishing the climb.
All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. That day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of _____55_____ it. But then I remembered all the _____56_____ I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up--not to mention the sense of _____57_____ I'd experience myself. With a deep breath fear _____58_____ courage, I headed into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group.
And as I sit here now, tapping on my laptop, I'm amazed at all the details I can recall: the burning _____59_____ and the tiredness. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when standing on top of the world is a _____60_____ experience but one I will cherish forever.
46. A. expose B. expand C. prove D. narrate
47. A. promote B. preserve C. climb D. clean
48. A. inspired B. unwilling C. unaware D. attracted
49. A. problem B. mystery C. trick D. blessing
50. A. restore B. reject C. avoid D. ignore
51. A. fancy B. definite C. complex D. flexible
52. A. stick to B. turn to C. adapt to D. contribute to
53. A. occasionally B. gradually C. daily D. endlessly
54. A. grew B. reduced C. changed D. crashed
55. A. maintaining B. accomplishing C. braving D. quitting
56. A. promises B. efforts C. decisions D. choices
57. A. relief B. obligation C. satisfaction D. failure
58. A. giving way to B. holding on to C. living up to D. going back to
59. A. ears B. muscles C. anger D. passion
60. A. never-to-be-repeated B. never-to-be-mentioned C. never-to-be-recalled D. never-to-be-forgotten
【答案】46. D 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. D 58. A 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了不喜欢冒险的作者，为了一项慈善事业而参与爬山，为了爬山作者在教练的指导下努力训练，尽管爬山那天作者想要放弃，但最终还是爬上了山顶，这对作者来说是永远要珍惜的记忆。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更喜欢观察别人，把他们的经历讲给读者听。A. expose 暴露；B. expand 扩展；C. prove 证明；D. narrate 叙述。根据上文“As a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I'd always resist doing the adventurous stuff myself.”可知，作为一名冒险体育杂志的撰稿人，作者自己总是拒绝做冒险的事情。结合句意，此处表示作为不喜欢冒险的撰稿人的作者，喜欢把别人的经历写下来，叙述给读者，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我被要求攀登一座山来帮助慈善事业并在之后写下它时，我是不愿意的。A. promote 促进；推动；B. preserve 保护；保存；C. climb 攀爬；D. clean 清理。下文“It quickly became obvious that the techniques of climbing were more 　6　 than I had imagined. ”中的climb是提示，作者学习爬山技巧，所以此处表示爬山，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. inspired 有灵感的，受到启发的；B. unwilling 不愿意的；C. unaware 没意识到的；D. attracted 被吸引的。结合上面小题分析可知，作者不喜欢冒险，所以当被告知要去爬山，这个有点风险和危险的事的时候，作者是不愿意的，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我有一个优秀的教练Keith，他给了我很多知识，从锻炼肌肉群到如何避免疲劳。A. problem 问题；B. mystery 神秘的事物；C. trick 诡计；D. blessing 祝福；好事。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，that引导从句是真正的主语，再结合that从句的内容，可知有一个优秀的教练对作者来说是一件好事，幸运的事，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. restore 恢复；B. reject 拒绝；C. avoid 避免；D. ignore 忽视。根据句意以及常识，可知，教练教作者爬山时如何避免疲劳，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快我就发现，攀岩技术比我想象的要复杂得多。A. fancy 昂贵的；绚丽的；B. definite 确定的；C. complex 复杂的；D. flexible 灵活的。根据下文“Aware of the challenge, I forced myself to 7　a detailed action plan Keith made, working out 8 at the gym.”可知，作者为了应对爬山这个挑战，每天坚持按照教练的计划锻炼，结合句意，此处表示作者发现攀岩技术比作者想象的要复杂得多，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：意识到这个挑战，我强迫自己坚持Keith制定的详细行动计划，每天在健身房锻炼。A. stick to 坚持；B. turn to 求助于；C. adapt to 适应；D. contribute to 有助于。结合上题分析以及句意，可知，作者发现攀岩技术比作者想象的要复杂得多，为了应对这个爬山的挑战，作者坚持教练制定的计划，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. occasionally 偶然；B. gradually 渐渐地；C. daily 每天；D. endlessly 继续地，永久地。结合上题分析可知，作者认为攀岩很复杂，为了应对爬山这个挑战，坚持教练制定的计划，结合句意以及选项，此处表示作者每天都在健身房锻炼，每天坚持锻炼，才能尽可能快而又熟练地掌握攀岩技巧，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的自信随着我的肌肉力量而增长，我变得有信心完成这次攀登。A. grew 成长，增长；B. reduced 减少；C. changed 改变；D. crashed 碰撞。上文“Thus, when I was challenged to 　2　 a mountain in aid of charity—and to write about it afterwards—I was 　3 .”提到作者刚开始是不愿意爬山的。上题分析提到作者为了爬山坚持教练制定的计划，每天锻炼，所以作者的肌肉会增加，同时作者对自己爬山的信心也增加了，由最初的不愿意到现在相信自己能够完成爬山这个任务，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，当我抬头看山的时候，我想放弃它。A. maintaining 维持；保持；B. accomplishing 完成；C. braving 勇敢面对；D. quitting 放弃；停止。下文“But then I remembered all the 　11　 I'd made and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up--not to mention the sense of 　12　 I'd experience myself.”提到作者想到放弃后的结果，其中的gave up是提示，所以此处表示作者想要放弃，故选D。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随后我想起了我所做的所有努力，以及如果我放弃了Keith会有多么失望——更不用说我自己将经历的失败感了。A. promises 承诺；B. efforts 努力；C. decisions 决定；D. choices 选择。结合上题分析，可知此处表示，作者想要放弃的时候，想到了自己曾做出的努力，想到教练以及自己的失败感，所以就不放弃了，也就有了下文“With a deep breath fear 13 courage, I headed into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group.”作者鼓起勇气，出发爬山。故选B。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. relief 宽慰；B. obligation 义务；职责；C. satisfaction 满足；满意；D. failure 失败。根据语境和句意，作者坚持训练了这么久，如果放弃了爬山，肯定会有失败感，故选D。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我深深地吸了一口气，恐惧取代了勇气，我走向阳光，与其他的人见面。A. giving way to 让步于；B. holding on to 紧紧抓住；坚持；C. living up to 不辜负；D. going back to 恢复；重新开始。结合上题分析可知，作者在想放弃爬山的事，但是想到努力，教练的失望以及自己要经历的失败感，作者还是克服了内心的恐惧，鼓起勇气，和其他人一起开始爬山，故选A。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我坐在这里，敲击着我的笔记本电脑时，我惊讶于我能回忆起的所有细节：燃烧的肌肉和疲劳。A. ears 耳朵；B. muscles 肌肉；C. anger 愤怒；D. passion 激情；热情。根据语境和句意，此处描述作者在写下自己的爬山经历时，竟然能记得所有的细节，尤其是爬山时的劳累和燃烧的肌肉，即爬山时身体的感受。故选B。
【60题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：站在世界之巅的兴奋是一种永远不会重复的经历，但我会永远珍惜。A. never-to-be-repeated 无法重复的；B. never-to-be-mentioned 永不提及的；C. never-to-be-recalled 不复返的；D. never-to-be-forgotten 难以忘怀的。根据上文“Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. ”可知作者不会再爬一次山了，所以这次登上山顶的经历是不会被重复的经历，故选A。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共30分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My dad is an enthusiastic (狂热的) runner who ____61____ (great) influenced me when I was young. So I was very sporty before the age of 14．However, when my family moved, my new school didn’t pay much attention ____62____ sports and had no after-school activities like football or running. Over the next few years. I stopped exercising apart from during Physical Education lessons at school. I looked like I was ____63____ (health). However, I was not.
One day, I was late for a bus, tried to run after it and in under a minute was out of breath! This made me realize how unfit I was. ____64____ (help) myself get in shape again. I made a (n) ____65____ (decide) that I would take up a kind of sport.
A friend of ____66____ (I) suggested a swimming pool ____67____ is close to my house. Now, I’m a swimming lover! I find swimming in the pool very ____68____ (relax).I swim for an hour three times a week. I hope that I will soon start to feel ____69____ benefits of regular exercise, and _____70_____ fitter than before.
【答案】61. greatly
62. to 63. healthy
64. To help
65. decision
66. mine 67. that##which
68. relaxing
69. the 70. will become
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了作者为了保持健康而参加体育锻炼的过程。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：我的父亲是一位狂热的跑步者，他在我年轻的时候对我产生了很大的影响。副词修饰动词。故填greatly。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，当我的家人搬家时，我的新学校不太重视运动，也没有足球或跑步等课外活动。pay attention to“注重，注意”为固定短语。故填to。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我看起来很健康。was后接形容词healthy作表语。故填healthy。
【64题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：为了帮助自己恢复身材，我决定参加一项运动。动词不定式作目的状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填To help。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了帮助自己恢复身材，我决定参加一项运动。make a decision“做决定”。故填decision。
【66题详解】
考查代词。句意：我的一个朋友建议去一个游泳池，因为它离我家很近。of后接名词性物主代词。故填mine。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我的一个朋友建议建一个游泳池，因为它离我家很近。先行词为a swimming pool，指物，作主语，关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。
68题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我觉得在游泳池里游泳很放松。空处需填形容词作宾语补足语，修饰物，需用-ing结尾的形容词relaxing。故填relaxing。
【69题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我希望我很快就会开始感受到定期锻炼的好处，我会变得比以前更健康。表示特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
【70题详解】
考查时态。句意：我希望我很快就会开始感受到定期锻炼的好处，我会变得比以前更健康。根据句意可知，表示“我会变得比以前更健康”。句子为一般将来时，后接become。故填will become。
第三节 作文15分
71. 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Sam给你发来邮件说对中国文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢唐诗(Tang poetry)。请你给他回复一封邮件，分享你对唐诗的了解，提出学习计划并表达祝愿。具体内容包括：
1、唐诗的地位及影响；
2、列举著名诗人；
3、欢迎来中国交流文化。
注意：1、词数80左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
Hearing from your letter that you’re interested in Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Welcome to China for cultural exchange and I’m looking forward to talking about the Tang poems together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
Hearing from your letter that you’re interested in Chinese culture, especially Tang poetry, I am very glad. As you know, Tang poetry is a very important literary form which enjoys great popularity in China. They represent the traditional Chinese culture and are popular all over the world.
As the golden age of poems, the Tang Dynasty produced many outstanding poets, among whom Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi were the most well-known in history. When it comes to poems, you’d better grasp the meaning firstly, then try to recite the whole poem. If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved.
Welcome to China for cultural exchange and I’m looking forward to talking about the Tang poems together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给喜欢唐诗的新西兰笔友Sam回复一封邮件，介绍唐诗和学习建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
流行：popularity → prevalence/ in vogue
代表：represent →be on behalf of
杰出的：outstanding →splendid/ excellent
掌握：grasp → master
2.句式拓展
句型转换
原句：If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved.
拓展句：Choose the right method and work hard, and you will improve your learning ability.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As you know, Tang poetry is a very important literary form which enjoys great popularity in China. （运用了as引导的非限定性定语从句和which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you choose the right method and work hard, your learning ability can be improved.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）