山东省临沂市蒙阴县2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解

山东省临沂市蒙阴县

2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

阅读理解

2023年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

二、阅读理解（共15题, 计27分）

A

Each October 15, over 200 million people around the world take part in Global Handwashing Day. Research shows that not enough people wash their hands with soap. Experts believe that this leads to the deaths of millions of people every year.

Myriam Sidibe says that soap is “the most beautiful invention in public health”. He knows that washing hands with soap can have a big influence on reducing flu（流感）and other diseases. It can also prevent babies from getting sick and keep children healthy.

However, washing hands with soap doesn't appear as fast as you might think. This may happen in poorer countries, but it's also because for many people, washing hands with soap is simply not part of their everyday work. This is what Global Handwashing Day tries to do.

In 2008, the first Global Handwashing Day began. Every year since then, the campaign（运动）has held many different events around the world. In 2014, Global Handwashing Day was used in the fight against Ebola（埃博拉病毒）.

Today, local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the message about the value of clean hands. The hope is that handwashing can become a necessary part of people's lives and make a big difference to the health of millions around the world.

根据短文内容, 选择最佳答案。（共3小题, 计3分）

21. What does Myriam Sidibe think of soap？

A. Small     B. Useful     C. Strange

22. The Global Handwashing Day tries to _________________.

A. make washing hands with soap a daily job for people

B. buy enough soap for poor people

C. help fight against the diseases with soap

23. What is the passage mainly about？

A. How to make soap.

B. The introduction of Myriam Sidibe.

C. The value of washing hands with soap.

B

Do you ever find yourself standing in front of rubbish bins , not sure whether the piece of waste in your hand is recyclable or not？ To solve this problem, four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort（分类）the waste. The students named the bin Waste Collection Point.

Connected to a computer, the bin uses a camera to tell the kind of the waste it receives and sorts it into plastic, paper, glass, or other kinds. To make sure the bin can sort waste correctly, the team tested every product in the school shop and took at least500 pictures of each one. “To train the AI, we had to take many photos from different angles（角度）, so it has a better rate of accuracy, ”said one of the students who built the AI system.

The idea of the smart bin was born two years ago, when the students were in Grade Ten. At that time, people from the city crowded into their village because of the COVID-19. They left behind a lot of rubbish and caused more pollution.

“All the bins were full, and there was even rubbish on the mountain, ”the students recalled, “Every weekend, we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste. ”

The students decided to develop a special recycling bin that would encourage people to protect the environment. Although school ended at 2 pm, the team would continue to work on their invention until 6 or 7 pm at school. Even when their school was closed last year, they would still meet and work together online.

“Our bin is now in its third generation（代）. Before graduation, we hope it can be widely used in the city. ”The students said, “Then it will be easier than ever for people to recycle and protect our environment. ”

根据短文内容, 选择最佳答案（共4小题, 计8分）

24. The underlined words “rate of accuracy” means“ _________”in Chinese.

A. 精准度    B. 参与度   C. 知名度

25. This chart shows why Waste Collection Point was developed. Which is the missing part？

A. the hit of the COVID-19   B. villagers' encouragement    C. picking up rubbish around

26. This passage is mainly about _____________________.

A. four young inventors   B. a new invention   C. the rubbish problem

27. How is this passage organized（组织）？（P=Paragraph）

C

Have you ever heard of “a ball of energy”？People often use it to describe very active children. But today we tell about an invention called the sOccket that is a real soccer ball of energy. Julia Silverman explains that in fact the sOccket is a portable generator（便携式发电机）. Julia Silverman and Jessica Matthews developed the sOccket as part of a group project for an engineering class at Harvard University.

There are mechanisms（装置） in a sOccket. When you kick, hit or throw it, energy is then kept in it by these mechanisms instead of disappearing into the environment. Then the user can put something directly into the ball, like a lamp, or a mobile phone charger so that they can get energy from it. For every fifteen minutes of the game play, the sOccket can provide enough electricity（电） for an LED lamp for three hours, and the ball can store（储藏） up to 24 hours' electricity.

The International Energy Association reported last year that nearly one and a half billion people in the world had no electricity to use, and most of them live in sub-Saharan Africa and in India and other countries in Asia.

Julia Silverman and Jessica Matthews both had experiences in developing countries before they began the project. They knew that power shortages are a serious problem in really areas.

There's an energy crisis in the world. One out of every five people in the world doesn't have any electricity. And besides that, there are a lot of health problems because what people use instead of the electricity are harmful choices like kerosene（煤油）lamps, which produce a lot of smoke.

Julia Silverman says the sOccket ball is one small solution（解决方法）to a big problem. Jessica Matthews and Julia Silverman hope their sOccket ball will shine more light on the problem of power shortages. It offers people a chance to put their energy into the world's most popular sport and get some energy in return.

根据短文内容, 选择最佳答案（共4小题, 计8分）

28. If you play the sOccket for half an hour, it can provide an LED lamp with electricity for _______.

A. 24 hours     B. three hours     C. six hours

29. The underlined word "crisis" in the passage means_____________________.

A. a time of safety   B. a time of difficulty     C. a time of success

30. We can infer（推断）from the passage that_________________.

A. Julia Silverman has never been to developing countries before

B. people are expected to get some energy by playing sOccket

C. kicking a sOccket can let the energy disappear into the environment

31. The best title for the passage should be “___________________”.

A. A soccer ball that gives energy

B. The best way to solve energy crisis

C. An invention changing the world

2022年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

三、阅读理解（共12小题，计24分）

A

The Blue Estate Group is planning to build the world’s first floating (漂浮的) city in the Caribbean. The city will be 1.5 kilometers long and 1 kilometer wide. About 15,000 people can live there. It will also have a school, a hospital, parks, markets, business and shopping areas, as well as two hotels for visitors.

Although it will float on the Caribbean Sea, the Blue Estate Group promises that the city will be very stable. It will be built with concrete (混凝土), with 50-meter-high walls to prevent even the biggest sea waves. And the whole city can be moved to a safer area if needed.

Construction (施工) on the city won’t start until 2022. It’s expected to be completed in 2025. However, houses of the floating city are already on sale.

“There are no special requirements to become a resident (居民) of the city,” said Erik Schmidt from the Blue Estate Group, adding that everyone is welcome to the island.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

25．The floating city can hold about ________ people.

A．1,500 B．15,000 C．1,980

26．The underlined word “stable” means “________” in Chinese.

A．独特的 B．真实的 C．稳固的

27．The city will ________ if there is great danger.

A．move to another place B．fly into the air C．change its shape

28．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Kids can’t go to school in the city.

B．The city is only open to young people.

C．People can buy the houses of the city now.

B

China’s first panda-themed tourist train left Chengdu Railway Station for Zunyi, Guizhou Province on March 28th.

The three-day trip costs 1,280 yuan, including food, accommodation (住宿) and tickets to places of interest in Guizhou.

Serving as a mobile star-rated hotel, the train is decorated with giant panda images both inside and outside and can accommodate 252 passengers. It has 8 sleeping cars, a dining car and an entertainment car. The sleeping cars have rooms for two or four passengers, and each room has a washroom with a toilet and a shower. The dining car, besides serving local food, can be used as a meeting room if needed. The entertainment car provides a place where passengers can sing, dance and play mahjong (麻将).

The mahjong room might be the biggest attraction for passengers from Sichuan. There’s a joke that a passenger on a plane to Chengdu can sleep soundly, only to be woken by the sound of mahjong played in the city before landing. In fact, Chengdu is well known for its love of mahjong as well as other attractions, such as the giant panda, Sichuan Opera and Sichuan food, according to an online survey.

“So it is no surprise that passengers will be able to play mahjong on a train leaving from Chengdu,” Zhong Jun, from Meishan, Sichuan, said during a trial run (测试运行) of the train on March 24.

Zhong Shu, an official from Chengdu Railway International Business Travel Group, said the train may travel to other parts of the country if it proves to be a success.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

29．The third paragraph doesn’t tell us ________.

A．what the train looks like

B．what service a star-rated hotel provides

C．what passengers can do on the train

30．The joke is mentioned to show ________.

A．the plane to Chengdu is comfortable

B．it takes a long time to go to Chengduby air

C．Chengdu people love mahjong deeply

31．According to Zhong Shu, there will probably be ________.

A．better and better service on the tourist train

B．more tourist trains between Chengduand Zunyi

C．tourist trains between Chengdu and other cities

32．What’s the purpose of the passage?

A．To introduce the panda-themed tourist train.

B．To encourage readers to take the tourist train.

C．To tell readers the main attractions of Chengdu.

2021年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

四、阅读理解(共12小题，共计24分）

阅读短文，完成32-43小题。（共12小题，每题2分，计分24分）

A

Ordinary People Who Changed History

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

17．Why did Berners-Lee suggest connecting hypertext with the Internet?A．Because he is a famous British computer scientist.

B．Because he wanted to thank the World Wide Web.

C．Because he wanted people to share information on the Internet.

18．Yousafzai is a ________ girl according to the passage.

A．brave B．wise C．shy

19．Who is interested in Rowling’s books?

A．Single moms. B．Young boys. C．Readers of all ages.

20．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Yousafzai was wounded because she went to school.

B．Rowling had lived a hard life before she became famous.

C．Berners-Lee is the youngest person to win the Nobel Prize.

B

I’m Cathy, a girl used to be very self-centered. But in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about others before thinking about myself. I am happy that I am becoming thoughtful.

My change started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my degree and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever talked to anyone in my class. By the end of my first term, I was really lonely. So I tried to change myself. I started offering to help when people around me were having trouble. That was really a big step for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends.

A bigger cause of my new attitude, however, came when I took a part-time job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer’s disease became my friend. Every time I came into her room, she was so happy because she thought I was her daughter. Her real daughter never visited her, so I took her place. She let me see that making others feel good made me feel good, too. When she died, I was heartbroken, but I was very thankful to her.

I think I am a much better person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not forget these experiences. They have taught me to care about other people more than about myself.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

21．The underlined word “thoughtful” in Paragraph 1 probably means________.

A．worried B．strange C．caring

22．Which of the following is NOT the reason why Cathy felt lonely?

A．She only cared about her study.

B．She was too shy to make friends.

C．She kept away from her classmates.

23．The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.

A．offering to help others B．trouble that others meet C．making new friends

24．What’s the best title of the passage?

A．Never change yourself

B．Some useful ways to make friends

C．Caring about others makes me happy

答案：

2023年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

17．B    18．A    19．C

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。通过全球洗手日来传播用肥皂洗手的理念，希望用肥皂洗手成为人们生活中必不可少的一部分，改善全世界数以百万计的人的健康情况。

17．细节理解题。根据“He knows that washing hands with soap can have a big influence on reducing flu（流感）and other diseases. It can also prevent babies from getting sick and keep children healthy”可知，Myriam Sidibe认为肥皂是有用的。故选B。

18．细节理解题。根据“…but it’s also because for many people, washing hands with soap is simply not part of their everyday work. This is what Global Handwashing Day tries to do”可知，全球洗手日尽力使得人们日常用肥皂洗手。故选A。

19．主旨大意题。这篇文章通过全球洗手日来传播用肥皂洗手的理念，希望用肥皂洗手成为人们生活中必不可少的一部分，强调用肥皂洗手的价值。故选C。

20．A    21．C    22．B    23．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的发明——智能垃圾箱。

20．词义猜测题。根据“To train the AI, we had to take many photos from different angles”可知从不同的角度拍摄许多照片，是为了让人工智能的准确度更高，所以划线单词表示“精确度”，故选A。

21．细节理解题。根据“‘All the bins were full, and there was even rubbish on the mountain,’ the students recalled, ‘Every weekend, we had to join the villagers in picking up the waste.’”可知所有的垃圾箱都满了，山上甚至还有垃圾，每个周末，他们都要和村民一起捡垃圾，所以此处应该是捡垃圾，故选C。

22．主旨大意题。根据“ four Hong Kong high school students have invented a smart rubbish bin that uses AI to sort（分类）the waste. The students named the bin Waste Collection Point.”以及通读全文可知本文主要介绍了一项新的发明——智能垃圾箱。故选B。

23．篇章结构题。第一段是整体介绍智能垃圾箱，点名主题；第二段介绍垃圾箱的使用；第三、四、五段介绍是如何产生智能垃圾箱的想法；第六段介绍垃圾箱的升级以及四名高中生的期望。故选B。

24．C    25．B    26．B    27．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了一种被叫做socket的用来提供能量的发明。

24．细节理解题。根据“For every fifteen minutes of the game play, the socket can provide enough electricity(电) for an LED lamp for three hours”可知，每玩15分钟这种，产生的电量够LED灯照明3小时，所以玩半小时，电量就够LED灯照明6小时，故选C。

25．词义猜测题。根据后文“One out of every five people in the world don’t have any electricity”可知世界存在能源危机，energy crisis“能源危机”，指能源的困难时期，故选B。

26．推理判断题。根据“There’s an energy crisis in the world”及“Julia Silverman says the socket ball is one small solution(解决方法) to a big problem.”可推测，人们期望通过玩这种带有发电机装置的足球来获得能量，故选B。

27．标题归纳题。短文主要介绍了一种在足球里安装发电机装置，当人们踢足球时这种装置就能储存电能，便于使用，A项“能提供能量的足球”可作为本文最佳标题，故选A。

2022年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

25．B

26．C

27．A

28．C

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文，讲述了The Blue Estate Group准备建造世界首个漂浮的城市，介绍了这个漂浮城市的相关建造计划。

25．

细节理解题。根据“About 15,000 people can live there.”可知，这个漂浮城市可以容纳15,000人。故选B。

26．

词句猜测题。根据“It will be built with concrete, with 50-meter-high walls to prevent even the biggest sea waves.”可知，用混凝土建造50米的高墙，可抵御最大的海浪，推测这个漂浮城市应该是“稳固的”。故选C。

27．

推理判断题。根据“And the whole city can be moved to a safer area if needed.”可推测，如果遇到危险，整个城市可以移动到一个更加安全的地方。故选A。

28．

推理判断题。根据“However, houses of the floating city are already on sale.”可知漂浮城市的房子已经在售了，推断现在人们可以去那里买房。故选C。

29．B

30．C

31．C

32．A

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从四川省会成都火车站出发，开往毗邻的贵州省遵义市的旅游列车“熊猫列车”。

29．

细节理解题。根据第三段“Serving as a mobile star-rated hotel, the train is decorated with giant panda images both inside and outside and can accommodate 252 passengers. …The entertainment car provides a place where passengers can sing, dance and play mahjong.”可知，B选项“星级酒店提供什么服务”没有在第三段中涉及。故选B。

30．

细节理解题。根据第四段“In fact, Chengdu is well known for its love of mahjong as well as other attractions”可知，成都人热爱麻将。故选C。

31．

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zhong Shu, an official from Chengdu Railway International Business Travel Group, said the train may travel to other parts of the country if it proves to be a success.”可知，可能会有成都与其他城市之间的旅游列车。故选C。

32．

推理判断题。根据第一段“China’s first panda-themed tourist train left Chengdu Railway Station for Zunyi, Guizhou Province on March 28th.”可知，文章主要介绍了从四川省会成都火车站出发，开往毗邻的贵州省遵义市的旅游列车“熊猫列车”。故选A。

2021年山东省临沂市蒙阴县中考一模英语试题

17．C

18．A

19．C

20．B

【分析】

本文介绍了三位名人：Tim Berners-Lee，Malala Yousafzai和J. K. Rowling。

17．

细节理解题。根据文中的句子“he suggested a project that connected hypertext with the Internet. His goal was to share information online so that others could see it at any time of the day”可知，Berners-Lee建议将超文本与互联网连接起来，目标是在网上共享信息，以便其他人可以在一天中的任何时候看到它。故选C。

18．

细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Yousafzai publicly spoke out against it and was shot on the left side of her head. After recovery (康复), she refused to hide her fear, instead, using her voice to start the Malala Fund（马拉拉基金会）”可知，Yousafzai很勇敢。故选A。

19．

细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Harry Potter has broken sales records and attracted millions of readers of all ages.”可知，《哈利·波特》吸引了数百万不同年龄段的读者。故选C。

20．

细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Being poor, single (单身的) mom Rowling turned to work on the novel she had been planning for five years. She was not sure about her success.”可知，贫穷的单身妈妈罗琳开始着手写她的计划了五年的小说。她不确定自己的成功。所以她成名之前的生活是艰难的。故选B。

21．C

22．B

23．A

24．C

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者从一个自私的人变成现在能为他人着想的人的过程和感受。上大学时一心只想着拿学位而拼搏，结果一个朋友都没有，感到很孤单。后来作者在护理之家，结识了一位把她当作女儿看待的重病缠身的老太太。老人告诉她：关心别人使自己快乐。

21．

词句猜测题。根据前句“I have started to think about others before thinking about myself.”可猜测出，后句应是“我很高兴我考虑别人了，变得体贴了”，故下划线单词“thoughtful”的意思应是“体贴，caring”。故选C。

22．

细节理解题。根据文中“At first, I just wanted to get my degree and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever talked to anyone in my class. By the end of my first term, I was really lonely.”可知，她太害羞了，交不到朋友，不是凯茜感到孤独的原因。故选B。

23．

词句猜测题。根据前两句“So I tried to change myself. I started offering to help when people around me were having trouble.”可猜测出，后句应是说“主动提出帮助别人对我来说真是一大步”，故句中的“That”应是指“主动提出帮助别人”。故选A。

24．

最佳标题。短文讲述了作者变得体贴的过程，因为作者明白了：关心别人能使自己快乐。故文章的最佳标题应是“关心别人使我快乐”。故选C。