山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语（A）试卷（含答案）

这是一份山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语（A）试卷（含答案），共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语（A）试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
A Wonderful Time Management App: Trello
Using a time management app is one of the easiest ways to get more of something we wish we all had: Productivity. Here is a time management app continually rated among the top time management apps on the market, all with the goal of making you spend less time planning and more time doing.
WHY WE CHOOSE
Developed over ten years ago, Trello is used by more than 25 million people. No matter how you prefer to track projects and time, Trello always allows you to easily see who is doing what at a quick look, so you’ll never drop the ball on an important project.
WHAT WE LIKE
● Videos to instruct you to use the app.
● Easy to connect with other tools you already use.
WHAT WE DO NOT LIKE
● It’s for general project management only and big projects are difficult to deal with on it.
● Limited free offerings.
Every group member is on the same page, so it’s easy for you to keep track of the process of the project you are working on. Trello has a lot to offer, including unlimited storage. Users can choose to pay $13 a month (you can get a l5% discount if you buy the yearly plan) to fully take advantage of the app.
With companies such as eBay and Fender on its user list, Trello is able to work for a wide variety of teams and projects, syncing(同步) between different web servers, mobiles (iOS and Android ), and desktop apps (macOS and Windows).
1、Who is most likely to use the app?
A. A college student with a paper to finish.
B. A general manager operating a big company.
C. A mom managing the schedule for the family.
D. A manager doing a project with his team members.
2、How much do you need to pay for a yearly plan of the app?
A. About 180 dollars. B. About 150 dollars.
C. About 130 dollars. D. About 110 dollars.
3、What do we know about the app?
A. It is very popular. B. It has limited storage.
C. It is designed beautifully. D. It can be bought on eBay.
Seamus Blackley is well known as the man who came up with the idea for the Xbox game system. But Mr. Blackley was a scientist long before he worked on video games. Most scientists always want to study everything in the world and that’s true of Mr. Blackley, too. “I had been baking when I was a child and I picked it back up 10 years ago.” he said. Now Mr. Blackley calls himself a “bread nerd”, and what really interests him is yeast (酵母).
When many people think of bread yeast, they think of something you buy at the store. But yeast is tiny living things found just about everywhere.
Though yeast is animate, it isn’t always active. When there’s not enough food (like sugar or flour ), yeast becomes dormant (休眠的). Basically, it dries out and goes to sleep. It can stay dormant for thousands of years.
Dormant yeast can be made active again with warmth. In April, Blackley made bread with yeast that someone told him was 5,200 years old. But when he realized he had no way of knowing how old the yeast really was, he decided to colleet his own ancient yeast.
To do this, he worked with two other scientists: Richard Bowman, who studies tiny forms of life, and Serena Love, who studies and teaches about ancient Egypt. Dr. Love was able to connect the scientists with 4,500-year-old Egyptian clay pots(陶土罐) at two museums in Boston. The team successfully collected yeast from the tiny holes in the clay pots. Mr. Bowman took most of the samples(样品) to do other tests. Mr. Blackley kept one sample. He wanted to test it in his own way by making bread.
Mr. Blackley worked carefully to get the dormant yeast active again. Then he made a piece of bread using the yeast. Mr. Blackley said the taste of the bread was “unbelievable” and anyone could tell the difference. But he was still not 100% sure whether he’d baked with 4,500-year-old yeast. It’s possible that some more recent yeast got in the clay pots.
4、What sort of man is Seamus Blackley?
A. A man who’s outgoing. B. A man who’s confident.
C. A man with wide interests. D. A man with a warm heart.
5、What does the underlined word “animate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Alive. B. Popular. C. Cheap. D. Useful.
6、Why did Mr. Blackley work with Serena Love?
A. To get a sample of yeast. B. To learn tiny forms of life.
C. To make the yeast active. D. To make clay pots.
7、What made Mr. Blackley doubt the age of the yeast?
A. He found the taste of the bread was wrong.
B. He doubted the clay pots were not that old.
C. He had done a terrible job in activating the yeast.
D. He thought there might be recent yeast in the clay pots.
You hear it all the time—“fake news” this and “fake news” that. But research shows that older adults actually struggle with being able to identify what stories are true and what stories are fabricated. Thus, being able to make this distinction is incredibly important.
Digital literacy(素养) workshops are quickly growing up, designed to help people of older generations understand the importance of fact checking. And workshops, like “How to Spot Fake News” sponsored by a non-profit organization called Senior Planet, are teaching older adults how to check sites like Snopes.com and FactCheck. org to determine if the stories they’ re reading are based on fact or false propaganda(宣传).
One participant, 86-year-old Marlene Cianci, is delighted at how simple it is to do. “It’s right there!” she said. “Just a two-step thing and there it was! With new technology, where things go so fast, we get left out sometimes, or we get confused. So having this sort of program really enlightens us and helps us advance and learn more and become braver.”
Researchers found Facebook users 65 and over posted 7 times as many articles from fake news websites, compared to adults under 29. Thus, workshops seek to solve the problems at hand by providing digital literacy lessons for their audience.
“If seniors are more likely to share fake news than younger people, then there are important clues about how we might design something to reduce the spread of fake news,” said Andrew Guess, a professor at Princeton University. “These findings suggest that teaching digital literacy in schools—no matter how beneficial that might be for other reasons—is unlikely to fully deal with the sharing of fake news if such sharing is more common among older citizens.” Therefore, many local libraries offer workshops and classes like this, free of charge to the community. “When designing. media literacy classes for this population, assessing emotional states while reading digital content may be a useful strategy. I believe these workshops could be useful for people of all ages,” said Guess.
8、What does the underlined word “fabricated” probably mean in Paragraph l?
A. Spread quickly. B. Shared willingly. C. Written carefully. D. Invented falsely.
9、What is Marlene Cianci’s attitude towards the workshop?
A. Concerned. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. D. Cautious.
10、What can we learn from the researchers’ findings?
A. The workshops are not effective for all age groups.
B. Older Facebook users could recognize fake news easily.
C. Older people spread more fake news than young people.
D. Teaching digital literacy can completely prevent the sharing of fake news.
11、What does Andrew Guess say about the workshops to help older people?
A. They are of great importance.
B. They are no more helpful than school classes.
C. They can encourage older people to read books.
D. They will teach older people to control emotions.
Scientists from Deakin University in Australia have traced how about 30 species changed across various time periods in response to rising temperatures. They searched through nearly 100 past studies by other researchers, and tracked comparisons that date back a century or two in some cases. They found many creatures are changing the sizes and shapes of certain body parts.
“Warm-blooded animals in the wild rely on their own bodies to avoid overheating. They release heat through their appendages(肢体),” explains Sara Ryding, who led the study. For little creatures, like mice, tails do the job. For birds, their bills(喙) do the work.
The animals’ shape-shifting changes make sense, researchers say. In biology, an established concept called Bergmann’s rule shows that creatures that live in colder climates tend to be larger and thicker than those closer to the equator (赤道). Later, a biologist, Joel Asaph Allen further expanded the concept, saying that animals that adapted to cold climates have shorter limbs (肢) and bodily appendages—to keep the warmth in. For similar reasons, in hotter climates, warm-blooded animals’ appendages become larger, relative to their body size. Larger appendages can help animals release more heat into the surrounding air.
Ryding’s team also conducted various field studies. One of them measured the bills of Galapagos finches from 2003 to 2011 and found they enlarged in response to temperature rises. Other data the researchers analyzed focused on European rabbits, which were brought to Australia and settled in areas with different weather. Those that found themselves in hotter places developed longer ears over time.
However, the researchers aren’t sure whether this shape-shifting is a good development. If larger ears or bills can help the animal cool off, that’s a good thing. But certain changes may damage some creatures’ ability to hunt for food. “If you’re a hummingbird and your bill is getting broader and wider, it may become too large to effectively feed on flowers where you’re drawing your nutrition from,” says Ryding.
12、How did the scientists carry out their study?
A. By experimenting in the wild. B. By referring to previous data.
C. By exploring a variety of fields. D. By collecting information worldwide.
13、Why is Bergmann’s rule mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. To offer background information. B. To raise doubts about a concept.
C. To stress the role of weather changes. D. To explain the researchers’ findings.
14、What do the researchers want to find out about animals’ shape-shifting changes?
A. Their rules. B. Their reason. C. Their effects. D. Their frequency.
15、What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Animals are good at surviving tough situations.
B. Animals base their body changes on their environments.
C. Climate change forces animals to change their habitats.
D. It is wise of animals to use their different body parts effectively.
二、七选五
16、 Summer high school programs are courses some high school students take during the summer vacation. They take these courses either for remediation(补习) or for advancement. ①_____ They are to improve their test scores and prepare for the next school year.
Students may have different remediation needs to be dealt with in summer high school. Students who got very low test scores and failed a grade may have to retake certain courses. If they don’t take the courses, they may repeat a grade in the next school year. ②_____ There can be various reasons why students missed school days. For example, some students suffered from certain illness. Some students had family trips. Some of the others might meet with natural disasters(灾害).
Many other students go to summer high school for advancement, instead of remediation. ③_____ However, they still want to do better in the future, so they choose to use summer classes as a way to prepare for more advanced subjects they’ll take in the future.
④_____ One is to take the programs offered online. The other is to take programs offered offline. Each type of programs has its own strengths. For example, the online programs allow students to take courses without leaving home. ⑤_____ Students can choose a type based on their own likes.
A. The programs are very popular.
B. They want to improve their test scores.
C. In both cases, the students have the same wishes.
D. These students possibly already did well in school.
E. The offline ones help students better communicate with teachers.
F. When taking summer school programs, students have two choices.
G. Students that missed many classes may also have to take summer classes.
三、完形填空（15空）
340-pound Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding.
However, Duran’s 1 began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn’t find any resources(资源) for 2 skateboarders—what types of skateboards to 3 and where to buy plus-size shirts.
What Duran did find instead was an unfounded 4 . “People say that if you’re over 190 pounds you shouldn’t be on a skateboard,” he says.
Determined to do something to 5 the description of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skateboarding community for overweight skateboarders. To encourage plus-size people to 6 the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended 7 for them. He also hosted skateboarding classes to teach beginners.
The comments on Chub Rollz have been 8 . Following an article about his action on the Internet, Duran received a lot of messages from 9 showing thanks for giving them courage to stand on skateboards.
Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to 10 body image stereotypes(成见). “Maybe skateboard shops should create a 11 environment for us and all types of boards should be made—everyone is making lighter products, but sometimes we need other 12 ,” he explains. For those 13 about taking up their favorite sports due to their 14 , Duran has this to say, “Be 15 to yourself, as you’re often your worst critic(批评家). That you don’t see it doesn’t mean you can’t do it.”
17、A. chances B. protests C. challenges D. arrangements
18、A. new B. fat C. gifted D. young
19、A. register B. design C. sell D. try
20、A. proof B. guideline C. report D. belief
21、A. check B. change C. stress D. match
22、A. play B. promote C. like D. rate
23、A. products B. books C. hobbies D. sizes
24、A. unusual B. positive C. informal D. immediate
25、A. volunteers B. students C. strangers D. neighbors
26、A. understand B. control C. compare D. remove
27、A. safe B. competitive C. welcoming D. healthy
28、A. choices B. plans C. measures D. experiences
29、A. careful B. curious C. certain D. doubtful
30、A. skill B. weight C. popularity D. age
31、A. useful B. open C. kind D. faithful
四、短文填空
32、 When ①_____(ask) by a TV reporter to talk about air and water quality in his hometown, Qi Mu noted, “The air is great now and we can take more walks and enjoy ②_____(be) outdoors again.” He felt quite pleased because the villagers were living ③_____(harmonious) with nature once more. However, he could not forget about an earlier time ④_____ his village had been struggling with a serious air quality problem.
In the 1990s, usually, garbage from a nearby city ⑤_____(bring) to the village. “How can we make use of this?” the villagers wondered. Soon they found that garbage could be used ⑥_____(feed) pigs. “Over the next few years, dozens of pig farms were set up,” Qi recalled. But then nobody in the village wanted to open their windows. “The smell from the garbage and pig waste was making us sick,” Qi said. The numbers of mosquitoes and ⑦_____(fly) were also horrifying. “⑧_____ such circumstances, no single women wanted to marry anyone in our village and move here,” Qi sighed.
The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. So an initiative was launched and ⑨_____ “clean-up” campaign was added to the government agenda, including restricting large vehicles from passing through the village. Garbage from the city was no longer disposed of in the village, and more trees were planted. “We can all ⑩_____(breath) more freely now that the natural beauty of our village has been restored,” said Qi.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Isaac即将参加中文歌曲比赛，写信要你给他提建议。请你给他写一封电子邮件，
内容包括：
1.表达问候：
2.具体建议；
3.祝愿获奖。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Isaac,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My best friend, Karen, had a parrot named Herbie who was loved and cherished by all. His stirring singing always put everyone in a good mood even on gloomy days. Most summer mornings, Karen would set Herbie s cage out in her yard. Herbie preferred to look at all the other birds flying in the air.
As usual, on a warm summer day, Herbie was sitting in the sun in the yard. Karen was eating her breakfast inside the house. And I was sitting in their yard, watching Herbie preening his feathers. “Hi, Herbie. How are you today?”
I asked. He answered in his sweet voice as if he knew what 1 was saying. I walked over to his cage. I noticed his water bowl had tipped over and the water had spilled out.
I decided to open the cage door and take out the bowl so I could refill it for him. The minute my hand reached into the cage, Herbie flew out. He was nowhere in sight! “Karen, Karen, come out here!” I cried. “What happened?” she replied, as she ran out. Seeing the empty cage, she cried, “How did Herbie get out?” “I don’t know! Maybe the latch(插销) of the cage door was broken.,”
I replied, trying to keep the guilt out of my voice. I was nervous and scared, especially when Karen started crying. "What’s wrong, Karen?" her mother asked. "Oh, Mom, Herbie is gone!" she cried.
Mrs. Black took us both in her arms as we all looked skyward for Herbie. Then she suggested we get busy and make some posters to hang up around the neighborhood.
Then we hung lots of posters as we went up and down the street calling his name. Days turned into weeks, still without sightings of Herbie. The whole time I was feeling guilty about the secret I was keeping from my best friend. A month had passed, and I had to tell someone.
注意:1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式作答。
I finally admitted to my parents what I had done.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When my dad and I went into the store, the owner told us the bird was $15.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Here is a time management app continually rated among the top time management apps on the market, all with the goal of making you spend less time planning and more time doing.这是―款持续被评为市场上顶级时间管理应用的时间管理应用,其目标是让你花更少的时间做计划,花更多的时间做事情。)以及WHAT WE DO NOT LIKE部分中的It's for general project management only and big projects are difficult to deal with on it.(它只适用于一般项目管理,大项目很难用它来处理。)以及倒数第二段中的Every group member is on the same page, so it's easy for you to keep track of the process of the project you are working on. (每个小组成员都在同一页上,所以你很容易跟踪你正在进行的项目的过程。)可知,Trello是一款时间管理程序,只适用于一般项目管理,且对整个团队进行时间管理,由此可知,该应用程序适合和团队成员一起做项目的经理,故选D。
2、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Users can choose to pay $13 a month (you can get a15% discount if you buy the yearly plan) to fully take advantage of the app.(用户可以选择每月支付13美元(如果你购买年度计划,可以享受15%的折扣)来充分利用该应用。)可以计算出,如果按年计划购买,应为13乘以12乘以0.85,等于132.6,大约130美元。故选C。
3、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章WHY WE CHOOSE部分中的Developed over ten years ago, Trellois used by more than 25 million people.(十多年前开发的Tello被2500多万人使用。)以及最后—段With companies such as eBay and Fender on its user list, Trello is able to work for a wide variety of teams and projects, syncing(同步) between different web servers, mobiles (iOS and Android ), and desktop apps (macOS and Windows).(由于eBay和Fender等公司在其用户名单上,Trello能够为各种各样的团队和项目工作,且同步在不同的网络服务器、手机(iOS和Android)和桌面应用(macOS和Windows)之间。)可推知,Trello这款程序很受欢迎。故选A。
4、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“But Mr. Blackley was a scientist long before he worked on video games. Most scientists always want to study everything in the world, and that's true of Mr. Blackley, too.(但早在从事电子游戏之前,Blackley先生就已经是一名科学家了。大多数科学家总是想研究世界上的一切,Blackley先生也是如此)”可知,Blackley一直以来对任何事物都充满兴趣,想要探索。故选C。
5、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段“Though yeast is animate, it isn't always active. When there's not enough food(like sugar or flour), yeast becomes dormant(休眠的).(虽然酵母是animate,但它并不总是活跃的。当没有足够的食物(如糖或面粉)时,酵母就会休眠)”可知,酵母只是休眠,不活跃了,并不是死亡,也就是说休眠的酵母还是活着的。由此推知,划线词animate与alive(活着的)意思接近。故选A。
6、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“But when he realized he had no way of knowing how old the yeast really was, he decided to collect his own ancient yeast.(但当他意识到自己无法知道酵母的真实年龄时,他决定自己收集古老的酵母)”以及第五段“To do this, he worked with two other scientists(为此,他与另外两位科学家合作)”可知,Blackley为了自己收集酵母样本,所以决定与两位科学家合作。故选A。
7、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“But he was still not 100% sure whether he'd baked with 4,500-year-old yeast. It's possible that some more recent yeast got in the clay pots.(但他仍然不能百分百确定自己是否用了4500年前的酵母来烘焙。陶罐里可能有一些最近的酵母)”可知,Blackley不确定酵母的年龄,是因为他觉得罐子里有最近的酵母,影响了他的实验结果。故选D。
8、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“But research shows that older adults actually struggle with being able to identify what stories aretrue(但研究表明,老年人实际上很难辨别哪些故事是真实的)”以及前句“You hear it all the time—‘fake news’ this and ‘fake news’ that.(你经常听到“假新闻”这个和“假新闻”那个。)”可知,划线词应该和true意思相反,即哪些故事是瞎编的。所以fabricated为“瞎编的”之意。故选D。
9、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Marlene Cianci所说的“So having this sort of program really enlightens us and helps us advance and learn more and become braver.(所以有这样的项目真的启发了我们,帮助我们进步,学习更多,变得更勇敢。)”可推断,Marlene Cianci觉得这个项目对自己有帮助,所以她的态度是支持赞同的。故选B。
10、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers found Facebook users 65 and over posted 7 times as many articles from fake news websites, compared to adults under 29.(研究人员发现,与29岁以下的成年人相比,65岁及以上的Facebook用户从假新闻网站上发布的文章是其7倍多。)”可知,老年人传播假新闻比年轻人多。故选C。
11、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, many local libraries offer workshops and classes like this, free of charge to the community. ‘When designing media literacy classes for this population, assessing emotional states while reading digital content may be a useful strategy. I believe these workshops could be useful for people of all ages,’ said Guess.(因此,许多当地图书馆提供类似的讲习班和课程,对社区免费。“在为这一群体设计媒体素养课程时,评估阅读数字内容时的情绪状态可能是一个有用的策略。我相信这些学习班对所有年龄段的人都是有用的。”Guess说道。)”可知,Guess认为这样的学习班对每个年龄段的人都有好处。故选A。
12、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“They searched through nearly 100 past studies by other researchers, and tracked comparisons that date back a century or two in some cases.(他们搜索了其他研究人员过去的近100项研究,并追踪了一两个世纪前的案例的比较)”可知,科学家是通过参考先前的数据展开研究的。故选B。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The animals' shape-shifting changes make sense, researchers say. In biology, an established concept called Bergmann's rule shows that creatures that live in colder climates tend to be larger and thicker than those closer to the equator(赤道).(研究人员说,动物的形状变化是有道理的。在生物学上,一个被称为伯格曼法则的概念表明,生活在寒冷气候中的生物往往比生活在赤道附近的生物更大更厚)”可知,提到伯格曼法则是为了解释研究人员的这一发现。故选D。
14、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“However, the researchers aren't sure whether this shape-shifting is a good development.(然而,研究人员并不确定这种身形变化是否是一种好的发展)”可知,研究人员想找出动物身形变化的影响。故选C。
15、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段“Scientists from Deakin University in Australia have traced how about 30 species changed across various time periods in response to rising temperatures.(澳大利亚迪肯大学的科学家追踪了大约30种物种在不同时期对气温上升的反应)”及“They found many creatures are changing the sizes and shapes of certain body parts.(他们发现许多生物正在改变身体某些部位的大小和形状)”可知,本文主要介绍了研究人员发现有些动物通过改变身体某些部位的大小和形状来应对气温上升,即:动物根据环境改变身形。故选B。
16、答案：CGDFE
解析：①由上文“Summer high school programs are courses some high school students take during the summer vacation. They take these courses either for remediation or for advancement.(暑期高中课程是一些高中生在暑假期间参加的课程。他们参加这些课程要么是为了补习,要么是为了提升)”可知,高中生暑假课程是为了补习或提升。由下文“They are to improve their test scores and prepare for the next school year.(他们要提高考试成绩,为下一学年做准备)”可知,他们的目的就是为了提分。而C项In both cases, the students have the same wishes.(在这两种情况下,学生们都有相同的愿望)符合语境,其中both与上文“remediation or for advancement”对应,the students与下文they对应,wishes与下文“to improve their test scores and prepare for the next school year”对应。故选C项。
②由下文“There can be various reasons why students missed school days. For example, some students suffered from certain illness. Some students had family trips. Some of the others might meet with natural disasters(灾害).(学生缺课的原因可能有很多。例如,一些学生患有某种疾病。一些学生有家庭旅行。其他一些可能会遭遇自然灾害)”可知,此处在讲缺课的原因,而G项Students that missed many classes may also have to take summer classes.(错过许多课程的学生可能也必须参加暑期班)符合语境,其中“Students that missed many classes”与下文“reasons why students missed school days”对应。故选G项。
③由上文“Many other students go to summer high school for advancement, instead of remediation.(许多其他学生上暑期高中是为了提升,而不是补习)”可知,有些学生上暑期高中是为了提升,由下文“However, they still want to do better in the future, so they choose to use summer classes as a way to prepare for more advanced subjects they'll take in the future.(然而,他们仍然希望在未来做得更好,所以他们选择使用暑期班作为一种方式,为将来学习更高级的课程做准备)”可知,他们去上暑假课是为了更优秀。而D项These students possibly already did well in school.(这些学生可能已经在学校表现不错了)符合语境。其中“did well in school”与下文“want to do better in the future”对应。故选D项。
④由后文“One is to take the programs offered online. The other is to take programs offered offline. Each type of programs has its own strengths.(一种是在线学习提供的课程。另一种是将提供的程序离线。每种类型的项目都有自己的优势)”可知,这里主要讲课程类型。而When taking summer school programs, students have two choices.(参加暑期学校课程时,学生有两种选择)符合语境,其中“two choices”与下文的“one...the other”对应。故选F项。
⑤由上文“One is to take the programs offered online. The other is to take programs offered offline. Each type of programs has its own strengths. For example, the online programs allow students to take courses without leaving home.(一种是在线学习提供的课程。另一种是将提供的程序离线。每种类型的项目都有自己的优势。例如,在线课程允许学生在不离开家的情况下学习课程)”可知,暑假课程由两种类型线上和线下。后面作者又举例说明了线上课程,所以后面应讲线下课程。而E项The of line ones help students better communicate with teachers.(线下的帮助学生更好地与老师沟通)符合语境。故选E项。
17、答案：C
解析：根据下文“He couldn’t find any resources(资源) for _____ skateboarders—what types of skateboards to _____ and where to buy plus-size shirts.”可知,Duran 在开始滑滑板前,不知道用什么种类的滑板,不知道在哪买大码衬衫,挑战重重,故选C。
18、答案：B
解析：根据上文“340-pound Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding.”可 知,Duran的体重是340磅,非常胖,故选B。
19、答案：D
解析：根据“He couldn't find any resources for _____ skateboarders”可知,Duran找不到任何为胖滑板运动员提供的资源,故推知他不知道胖人可以尝试用什么种类的滑板,故选D。
20、答案：D
解析：根据下文“ ‘People say that if you're over 190 pounds you shouldn't be on a skateboard,’ he says.”可知,此处描述的是人们对胖人参与滑板项目毫无根据的看法,故选D。
21、答案：B
解析：根据上文可知,人们认为超过190磅,就不能参与滑板运动,Duran认为这种想法是没有根据的。故推知Duran要改变人们对参与体育运动的胖人的描述,故选B。
22、答案：A
解析：根据下文“He also hosted skateboarding classes to teach beginners.”可知,Duran举办滑板课程是为了鼓励更多的胖人玩滑板运动,故选A。
23、答案：A
解析：根据上文可知,Duran找不到任何为胖滑板运动员提供的资源,所以胖人不知道用什么滑板,在哪买大号衬衫。故推知Duran为胖人推荐适合他们使用的产品,故选A。
24、答案：B
解析：根据下文“Duran received a lot of messages from _____ showing thanks for giving them courage to stand on skateboards.”可知,Duran收到的都是向他表示感谢的消息,所以对Chub Rollz的评论一直是积极的,故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：根据“The comments on Chub Rollz have been _____”可知,Duran收到的是陌生网友的评论和感谢,故选C。
26、答案：D
解析：根据上文“Determined to do something to _____ the description of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skateboarding community for overweight skateboarders.”可知,Duran决心做些事来改变体育运动中对胖人的描述,故推知Duran希望消除对胖人参与运动的成见,故选D。
27、答案：C
解析：根据上文“Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to _____ body image stereotypes.”可知,Duran想要消除对胖人参与运动的成见,故推知Duran希望滑板店为胖人创造一个友好的购买环境,故选C。
28、答案：A
解析：根据“Maybe skateboard shops should create a _____ environment for us and all types of boards should be made”可知,Duran希望滑板店为胖人创造一个友好的购买环境,创造并提供各种类型的滑板,供胖人选择,故选A。
29、答案：D
解析：根据“as you're often your worst critic”与“That you don't see it doesn't mean you can't do it.”可知,胖人会因体重而批评自己,怀疑自己,故选D。
30、答案：B
解析：根据上文“What Duran did find instead was an unfounded ____. ‘People say that if you're over 190 pounds you shouldn't be on a skateboard,’ he says.”可知,文章讲述的是人们对从事体育运动的胖人的刻板印象,故推知胖人会因为体重,陷入自我怀疑,故选B。
31、答案：C
解析：根据上文可知,Duran想要消除对胖人参与运动的刻板印象,故推知Duran希望因体重而怀疑自己的人可以忽略成见,善待自己,故选C。
32、答案：①asked②being③harmoniously④when⑤was brought⑥to feed⑦flies⑧Under⑨a⑩breathe
解析：①考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被电视记者问及家乡的空气和水质时,齐牧说:“现在的空气很好,我们可以多散步,再次享受户外活动”。根据noted可知,时态是一般过去时。当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词;主语Qi Mu与ask是动宾关系,故用被动语态;此处完整句子为When Qi Mu was asked by a TV reporter to talk about air and water quality in his hometown,可以省略Qi Mu was,保留过去分词。故填asked。
②考查非谓语动词。句意:当被电视记者问及家乡的空气和水质时,齐牧说:“现在的空气很好,我们可以多散步,再次享受户外活动。”根据句意及句子结构可知,此处是固定短语enjoy doing sth.,表示“喜欢,享受做某事”,故设空处填动名词,作宾语。故填being。
③考查副词。句意:他感到非常高兴,因为村民们再次与大自然和谐相处。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处应填副词harmoniously,作状语,修饰动词were living。故填harmoniously。
④考查定语从句。句意:然而,他不能忘记早些时候,那时他的村庄一直在与严重的空气质量问题作斗争。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是an earlier time,在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
⑤考查动词语态。句意:在20世纪90年代,通常,附近城市的垃圾被带到村庄。根据In the l990s可知,时态用一般过去时,主语garbage与bring是动宾关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语garbage是单数。故填was brought。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:不久,他们发现垃圾可以用来喂猪。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处是固定短语be used to do sth.,表示“被用来做某事”。故填to feed。
⑦考查名词复数。句意:蚊子和苍蝇的数量也令人震惊。根据句意及连词and可知,设空处与mosquitoes的词形和词性保持一致,应用可数名词复数,表示“苍蝇”,故填flies。
⑧考查介词。句意:齐牧叹气说:“在这样的情况下,没有一个单身女人愿意嫁给我们村里的任何人,并搬到这里”。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处是固定短语under...circumstances,表示“在……情况下”,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Under。
⑨考查冠词。句意:因此,政府发起了一项倡议,并增加了一项“清理”运动,包括限制大型车辆通过村庄。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处表示“一项清理运动”,应用不定冠词,clean-up是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
⑩考查谓语动词。句意:齐牧说:“现在我们村子的自然美景已经恢复,我们都可以更自由地呼吸”。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处使用动词breathe,情态动词can后接动词原形。故填breathe。
33、答案：
Dear Isaac,
How are you getting along now?
Knowing you are still wondering how to prepare for the Chinese Songs Contest, I would like to give some advice.
Firstly you have to decide which song you are going to sing. I would recommend nursery rhymes. Then, what you have to do is remember the lyrics by heart. Singing without referring to notes will give you an advantage over other competitors. Lastly you’d better practice singing every day.
I wish you would stand out in the contest.
Yours,
Li Hua
34、答案：
I finally admitted to my parents what I had done. They urged me to tell Karen the truth. I agreed. Then I went to my bedroom and counted my pocket money: I had only $12.55. I asked my dad if he would drive me to the pet shop. “I have to fix this, Dad,” I said firmly. Dad nodded, smiling. As we parked in front of the store, I saw a parakeet that looked almost identical to Herbie from the window. “That’s him,” I told Dad.
When my dad and I went into the store, the owner told us the bird was $15. My dad gave me the extra money I needed. The pet-store owner then handed the bird to me. I couldn’t wait to give it to Karen. But I feared she wouldn’t forgive me. Anyway, I took courage. When I gave her the bird, unexpectedly, Karen shouted excitedly. “It’s Herbie!” “Well, not exactly,” I said. And I explained the whole thing to her and apologized with tears. Joyfully, Karen forgave me because of my present, and most importantly, my honesty.