贵州省黔西南州2022-2023学年高二上学期教学质量检测英语试卷

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高二英语试题答案及解析一、试题答案：阅读(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)21-35 BCC CBBA DBCA DAAC  36-40 BFCGE完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）41—45 ACDBC    46— 50 CDCAB     51 —55  ABAAC语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56.Saving    57. an         58. published    59.rarest       60.to61.which    62. extinction    63. gradually    64. It          65. has started写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)One possible version:An Editor NeededIntending to open a new column called Chinese Culture, we need an editor for the school English newspaper.As an English editor, you are expected to choose and edit articles about traditional Chinese cultures ranging from festivals to daily manners, which can further students' understanding of China. Applicants need to be responsible, quick-minded and good at English.If you are interested, please contact Miss Wang before 30September at 13123456789. We are always here honestly looking forward to your coming.第二节(满分25分)One possible version:Paragraph 1:Every day after school, Jack started his plan. Cold and hungry, Jack wandered the streets, searching for the nail bags carefully. To save more money, he even decided to deliver papers in the early morning. Exhausted and tired as he felt, he still stuck to the plan. It was the hairpin in the shop window that reminded him that what he did was worthwhile. After a long time of hard work, he made it eventually. Paragraph2: Finally the time came! He took out the soda tin, poured the coins out and began to count them. Five dollars! His hard work paid off! Holding the soda tin firmly, Reuben rushed for the shop to buy the hairpin. The moment he got the beautiful hairpin, he rushed home and placed it in Dora’s hand. Never had Dora received such a gift. Speechless and happy, she held her son tightly into her arms，with tears welling up in her eyes. It was an unforgettable experience, which all the family members will remember.  二、答案解析：阅读(共两节，满分50分)A篇本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个博物馆的具体情况。21.B。 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free, only charging for major temporary(临时的）exhibitions.”可知，英国伦敦泰特现代美术馆之所以吸引人，部分原因在于它的大部分展览都是免费的。故选B。22.C。 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “Tt is the world's largest and most visited art museum and a historical landmark of Paris.”可知罗浮宫是世界上参观人数最多的艺术博物馆。故选C。23.C。 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Covering a time span……many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.(从 170 万年前的元谋人到清朝，中国国家博物馆收藏了约105 万件文物——许多文物在其他地方的博物馆都找不到。”可知中国国家博物馆展出元谋人的独特物品。故选C。 B篇本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了袁隆平写给母亲的信，信中表明了他的母亲对他的影响，以及他表达了对母亲的思念之情。24.C。细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrote this letter in memory of his late mother, Hua Jing, and many are deeply touched by its sincerity ”可知，袁隆平2010年写信的目的是为了纪念他的母亲。故选C项。25. B。细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2010, at the age 80, Yuan wrote this letter in memory of his late mother, Hua Jing, and many are deeply touched by its sincerity ”可知，信中情感深深打动了许多人。故选B项。26.B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Having never worked in the fields, Hua moved to Anjiang town to support her son's family and research. ”可知，她为了儿子搬到安江。故选B项。27.A。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“People say I’ve changed the world with one tiny rice seed but mom, I know you sowed the seed in me when I was a little boy. ”可知，最后一段主要讲母亲在袁隆平心中种下的种子。故选A项。 C本文是一篇说明文，讲述了气候变化带来海水温度变热导致California’s marine ecosystems变化。28.D。 细节理解。  根据第一段第一句The climate change in California has caused terrible damage to California’s marine ecosystems. 及第一段最后一句They laid waste to kelp forests (海草林) already weakened by high ocean temperatures. 可知气候变化导致生态系统变化带来的直接影响是海胆数量的剧增及其粪便造成海水温度升高消减了海草林的减少，从而减少了其它海洋生物食物的来源。故选D29. B。 细节理解。 根据第二段第二句A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter (海獭) populations — a natural predator for urchins — play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay. 可知the study led by Joshua Smith是关于海獭在保护恢复海草林中所起的重要作用。故选B。30.C。 推理判断。 根据第三段第三句At the observed sites, as the urchin population grew, the otter’s diet shifted to become more heavily dependent on urchins.第四句 In fact, the otters were eating three times as many urchins as they had been before 2014. As a result, they provided crucial protection from urchins to the kelp forests.可推理。故选C。 31.A。主旨大意概括文章标题。  根据文章最后一段The fact that otters were able to contribute to the health of the surviving kelp forests by keeping urchin populations in check provides Smith with hope for the forests’ continued survival. “The important thing is that the urchins are ultimately reduced,” he says. “The sea otters have maintained patches of kelp forest that can then help refill the barren areas to promote the recovery of forests.”以海胆为食的海獭的数量的增长对挽救海草林起了至关重要的作用可知，故选A D篇本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化导致野火不断，其产生的烟雾加强了人们对气候变化的认识。32. D。 推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句“It is bad for our health. It is also really disturbing, but we don’t talk about that as much.”和第二段最后一句“Yet rarely do we pay attention to the ways we feel climate change.”可知，虽然气候变化会造成野火，且其产生的烟雾会对人们的健康造成损害，但人们很少谈论它，也很少关注对于气候变化的感受。故选D。33. A。 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句“We often use the terms ‘atmosphere’ or ‘climate’ to refer to the mood of a situation. We use metaphors (比喻) to describe affective states, such as ‘feeling under the weather’ or ‘on cloud nine’.”可知，人们经常使用“空气”或“气候”之类的词汇来指代某种情况下的情绪；经常用比喻来描述情感状态，如feeling under the weather (感觉不舒服)和on cloud nine (在九霄云上；狂喜)。再结合画线词所在句可知，这些语言表明我们人类的情绪与大气现象有着非常密切的关系。因此，intimately应意为“密切的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。34. A。 推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句中的“We often think of climate change impacts as far away, separate from our bodies ... But wildfire smoke spreads and pollutes our bodies”可知，人们经常认为气候变化对自己的影响很遥远，与自己的身体不相关。但实际上野火产生的烟雾会扩散并对人们的身体造成伤害，这让人们确切地感受到了气候变化带来的影响。故选A。35. C。 标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化导致野火不断，其产生的烟雾加强了人们对气候变化的认识，C项“野火产生的烟雾能教会我们什么”最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学新生应如何应对进入大学后可能会遇到的一些问题。36. B。 考查主旨句。此处是本段主旨句。空后讲“从你进入学校的那一刻开始，你将需要选择你自己的课程，安排你自己的时间，最终在学校里找到你的班级（所在）的位置。”B项“安排你的课程表”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。且B项与第二句中的“plan your schedule”为词语复现。故选B。37. F。 考查逻辑关系。空前讲“但是你需要找到一个方式来维持你的学业和社交生活的平衡”；空后讲“这是因为你和你的朋友每天在相同的时间一起去学校。”F项“在高中，平衡这两个方面（学业与社交生活）通常更容易”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。38. C。 考查逻辑关系。根据“Deal with financial problems.”可知，本段主要介绍了处理财务问题；空后讲“对很多学生来说，这是他们第一次真正地独立理财。”C项“钱对学生们来说是一项很大的挑战”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。39. G。 考查逻辑关系。空后讲述了大一新生在大学的第一年通常会增重15磅。G项“‘Freshman 15’是大学里经常使用的一个流行的表达”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。40. E。 考查逻辑关系。本段主要建议学生要健康饮食并进行锻炼。空前讲“简而言之，你应该避免吃不健康的食物。”E项“每周去健身房（锻炼）也很重要”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 完形填空本文是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子们有诵读困难，作者发明了一种方法教育孩子们读写，效果很好，希望能够也能帮助其他有诵读困难的孩子们。41. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一所学校工作了一段时间后，我意识到我那些有阅读障碍的孩子需要更多的关注。A. working工作B. learning获悉；C. struggling挣扎；D. wandering漫游；。根据上文“I was a special education teacher.”可知，作者在学校里工作。故选A。42.  C考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. courage勇气；B. rewards报酬；C. attention注意；D. power权力。根据上文“my children, who had dyslexia (诵读困难)”以及下文“So I left my teaching job to home-school my four boys.”可知，作者的孩子们有诵读困难需要更多关注。故选C。43 .D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始使用一种多感官的方法，包括用沙子做字母。A. solution解决办法；B. application申请；C. preference偏爱,D. approach方法；。根据下文“to teaching which involved making letters out of sand”以及文章结尾“this method”可知，作者使用一种多感官的方法教育孩子们。故选D。44.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，我用胶水勾画出字母表中的字母，然后取出不同颜色的沙子，撒在胶水上。A. challenge挑战；B. process过程；C. movement移动；D. adventure冒险经历。根据下文“I traced (勾画) the letters of the alphabet with glue and then took different colored sand and scattered (撒) it all over the ____5___”可知，此处讲述一个学习过程。故选B。45.C考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. glass玻璃；B. paper纸；C. glue胶水；D. board木板。根据上文“I traced(勾画) the letters of the alphabet with glue”可知，作者用胶水勾画出字母，把彩色的沙子撒在胶水上。故选C。46.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我让孩子们把每个字母用绳子挂在门边晾干。A. collect收集；B. lift提起；C. hang悬挂；D. design设计。根据下文“each of the letters on a string(细线) by the door to dry”可知，作者让孩子们吧字母挂在门边晾干。故选C。47.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着对阅读毫无兴趣的孩子们像在空中写字一样在空中描摹字母，然后用手指触摸沙子上的字母，我感到很惊讶。A. eager渴望的；B. determined决定的；C. ready准备好的；D. amazed惊奇的。根据下文“to watch my children who had no interest in reading trace the letters in the air as if they were doing skywriting, and then feel the sand letters using the fingers.”可知，作者吃惊地看着原本对阅读不感兴趣的孩子们描摹着挂在空中的字母。故选D。48.C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那之后，他们会用一张纸写下这些字母。A. break down分解；B. turn down拒绝；C. write down写下；D. cut down砍下。根据上文“they would use a piece of paper”可知，孩子们会用纸写下这些字母。故选C。49.A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全惊讶于这个简单的过程这么大地帮助我的四个儿子记住字母和单词。A. simple简单的；B. long长的；C. quiet安静的；D. slow慢慢的。根据上文“to watch my children who had no interest in reading trace the letters in the air as if they were doing skywriting, and then feel the sand letters using the fingers. After that, they would use a piece of paper and ____8____ the letters.”可知，这是一个简单的学习过程。故选A。50.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我完全惊讶于这个简单的过程这么大地帮助我的四个儿子记住字母和单词。A. enjoy喜欢；B. remember记住；C. emphasize强调；D. discover发现。根据上文“After that, they would use a piece of paper and ____8____ the letters.”可知，孩子们通过这个过程记住字母和单词。故选B。51.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：这中特殊的课似乎对我的孩子们产生了影响。A. difference不同之处；B. fortune财富；C. name名字；D. commitment忠诚。根据下文“But after the particular lesson, they started to move at the same rate as other children.”可知，这种特殊的课程对作者的孩子们产生了影响。make a difference“有影响”。故选A。52.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在不同的场合告诉我，他们觉得自己很愚蠢或很笨，因为他们跟不上其他孩子。A. curious好奇的；B. stupid愚蠢的;C. tired疲惫的；D. relaxed放松的；。根据下文“or dumb because they could not keep up with other children”可知，因为他们跟不上其他的孩子，他们感觉自己很笨，很愚蠢。故选B。53 A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我能帮助我的孩子们。A. grateful感激的；B. aware知道的；C. sure确信的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据下文“I was able to help my children”以及常识可知，能够帮助自己的孩子作者很感激。故选A.54.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望帮助其他有写作障碍和阅读障碍的孩子。A. writing写B. sleeping睡觉；C. eating吃；D. walking走。根据上文“my children, who had dyslexia (诵读困难)”以及上文作者教育孩子的方法可知，此处指那些有写作和阅读障碍的孩子。故选A。55 C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望其他老师也可以尝试这种方法。A. improve提高；B. predict预测；C. try试图；D. check检查。根据上文“But after the particular lesson, they started to move at the same rate as other children.”和“I hope that other teachers”可推断，作者希望其他老师尝试这种方法。故选C。语法填空本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护中国大熊猫栖息地以及它带来的好处。56.Saving考查动名词作主语。句意：一个国际科学家团队的一些分析显示，拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处，而且对经济也有好处。此处作主语，应填动名词Saving，表示“拯救”。故填Saving。57.an考查冠词，…but it’s also good for economy, a few analysis by _57_____ international team of scientists shows.58.published考查过去分词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的研究结果强调了经济效益与环境保护齐头并进的重要性。此处应填过去分词published，作定语，表示“发表”，修饰先行词results，表示两者之间的被动关系。故填published。59..rarest   考查形容词的最高级。句意：大熊猫是世界上最稀有的物种之一。“one of+最高级”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，所以空处应填形容词最高级rarest，表示“最稀有的”。故填rarest。60.to考查固定搭配中的介词。句意：但大熊猫在最近几十年陷入了困境，这主要是由于人类的入侵。thanks to为固定搭配，表示“幸亏，由于”。故填to。61.which考查非限定性定语从句。句意：仅在1980年，许多栖息地被人为破坏，到1990年，它们的栖息地面积仅为12340平方公里，这在很大程度上对大熊猫构成了主要威胁，因为竹子是它们的主要食物来源，其营养成分非常低，它们必须四处游荡，才能找到并吃足够多的竹子。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替前面的句子，并在从句中充当主语，应填关系代词which。故填which。62.extinction考查名词。句意：正因为如此，中国官员开始做出重大努力来拯救大熊猫免于灭绝，建立了更多的保护区，保护区面积增加了三倍。空处在介词from后，应填名词extinction作宾语，表示“灭绝”。故填extinction。63.gradually考查副词。句意：大熊猫的数量逐渐恢复，2000年达到1596只，2010年达到1864只。分析句子可知，空处应用副词gradually，修饰动词began，作状语，表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。64.It考查代词。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。此处为固定句型“it is clear that+...”，表示“很明显……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故填It。65.has started考查动词时态。句意：很明显，就熊猫数量恢复而言，社会的投资到目前为止已经开始收到回报。根据so far可知，空处谓语动词用现在完成时态，且与主语investment保持一致，助动词用has。故填has started。