2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷-英语（上海A卷）（全解全析）

这是一份2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷-英语（上海A卷）（全解全析），共29页。

绝密★启用前
2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷
英语
（考试时间：150分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A （10分）
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1． A．She loves this beautiful world.
B．She prefers the junk food so much.
C．She wants to enjoy the beauty of the world.
D．She has no reason to cherish the junk.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Why would you want to cherish a piece of junk food like that?
W: But this little beauty means the world to me.
Q: What do we learn from the woman’s words?
2．A．The bear feels hot at the moment.
B．The bear stretches its body for exercise.
C．The bear conserves fat for the coming winter.
D．The bear must be enjoying the sunshine.
【答案】A
【原文】M: When bears sleep or lie down, their postures depend on whether they want to get rid of heat or conserve it.
W: I see. That’s why the bear body stretches out.
Q:  What do we learn from the talk?
2． A．Mother and son.
B．Policeman and thief.
C．Boss and secretary.
D．Dentist and patient.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I need it by the morning of April 5th, so it can be reviewed by other members prior to the meeting.
W: All right. I’ll get it ready soon.
Q: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
4．A．It is a hot and smoggy day.
B．There’s a traffic jam on Broadway Street.
C．The man is reading the news on air.
D．A vehicle is polluting the air seriously.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Good morning! This is the Green and Environmental Hotline. May I help you?
M: Yes, I’d like to report a smoking vehicle running on Broadway Street.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
5．A．The movie is good except the bad ending.
B．The movie won an award.
C．She agrees with the man’s comments.
D．She doesn’t like the special effects.
【答案】A
【原文】M: I think the horror movie is fantastic and the special effects are amazing.
W: If it hadn’t been for its terrible ending, it would have won an award.
Q: What does the woman mean?
6．A．The man has a stomach disease.
B．Inappropriate eating habit has made the man uncomfortable.
C．The man should eat nothing for dinner.
D．The man should have a thorough body check.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Doctor, I always have an upset stomach after dinner. Could it be some serious disease?
W: Or is it just because you have eaten too much oily food?
Q: What does the woman mean?
7． A．100% cotton pants in dark blue.
B．Fashionable pants in bright colors.
C． Grey pants made of pure cotton.
D． D．Something to match her brown pants.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue? These two colours are coming in this season.
W: Well, actually, grey is my favourite colour, but I prefer something made of cotton, 100% cotton I mean.
Q: What is the woman looking for?
8．A．She was late for the appointment.
B．She often kept other people waiting.
C．She ran into the man on her way here.
D．She called her friend about the book.
【答案】A
【原文】W: I hope you’re not too upset with me for the delay. I had to stop by a friend’s home to pick up a book on my way here.
M: Well, that’s not a big deal. But you might at least phone if you know you’re going to keep someone waiting.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
9．A．It was left behind in the hotel.
B．It got badly damaged on the way.
C．It got lost at the Madrid Airport.
D．It failed to arrive at its destination in time.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Sorry to have kept you waiting, Madam. I’ve located your luggage. It was left behind in Paris and won’t arrive until later this evening.
W: Oh, I can’t believe this. Have it delivered to my hotel then, please.
Q: What happened to the woman’s luggage?
10．A．Women like to take knitting as a hobby.
B．Knitting takes practice before it is easy.
C．It takes great efforts to produce threads.
D．Knitting is not as relaxing as it seems.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I always think it is hard work to turn threads into a sweater.
W: Actually, once you get the hang of it, knitting is really a relaxing hobby.
Q: What can be concluded from this dialogue?
Section B （15分）
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passage and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11．A．Their totally new looks. B．His own similar background.
C．Their varied life stories. D．His dream of becoming famous.
12．A．By training hairstylists in about 15 countries.
B．By posting photos with stories on social media.
C．By offering free services to street animals as well.
D．By leading the homeless to do something for nothing.
13．A．Living conditions of the homeless. B．An Internet celebrity hairdresser.
C．Experiences of sharing photos online. D．Acts of kindness to the homeless.
【答案】11．C    12．B    13．D
【原文】
About 150 million people around the world are homeless, but it takes just one person to make a difference. South London hairstylist Joshua Coombs was carrying his work tools home when he encountered a homeless man one day in 2015. Without thinking twice, he offered him a free haircut. The man’s look was transformed, but Coombs says what mattered more was their conversation. Coombs began offering outdoor cuts and shaves to more people living on the streets, listening to their experiences as he did so.
“Those stories really moved me,” says Coombs, who feels they need to be shared. With permission, he started posting dramatic before-and-after photos, along with accounts, under the Instagram username @dosomethingfornothing.
Coombs has now given hundreds of haircuts in some 15 countries, including India, Greece and Mexico. His posts have inspired others, such as a hairdresser in Iran and a U.K. street animal doctor, to offer free services. “We can live with a smile and an open, loving heart space,” says Coombs, “rather than one that’s closed because someone looks different.”
Now listen again, please.
Questions
11. What made Coombs continually offer to help the homeless?
12. How did Coombs manage to inspire others?
13. What is the passage mainly about?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14．A．Helping you heal a broken heart. B．Helping you live in your own world.
C．Helping you cure all kinds of diseases. D．Helping you connect others for comfort.
15．A．It is impossible to heal with sad music.
B．Heartache is curable even without sad music.
C．Listening to sad music stimulates the desire to contact others.
D．When you feel sad, listening to sad music will lift your mood.
16．A．Sad people should not listen to sad music.
B．Sad music can help you recover from a broken heart.
C．You can listen to sad music when you are sad.
D．Listening to sad music has great effect on mood.
【答案】14．A    15．D    16．A
【原文】
Listening to music is related to your emotions. Sad songs can easily come into your heart when you are sad. Inspirational songs can easily touch your heart when you are determined to strive for something.
Research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate the desire to connect with others—both avenues through the prison of heartache and despair.
Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study in Germany found that listening to sad music had an emotional impact, making you better able to understand other people’s emotions and willing to make positive connections with them. This in itself is therapy, which allows you to stop being in your own world and perhaps help those in need of comfort.
Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was beautiful but sad enhanced their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously had their awareness of the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did.
Please listen again.
Questions：
14. Which is the one of the benefits of listening to sad music?
15. Which of the following is true about the experiment from the University of Kent?
16. Which of the following differs from the whole text?
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17．A．Signing up members. B．Organizing protests.
C．Acting as its spokesman. D．Saving endangered animals.
18．A．Anti-nuclear campaigns. B．Removing industrial waste.
C．Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor. D．Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations.
19．A．By engaging in violence. B．By disturbing them.
C．By appealing to the public. D．By taking legal action.
20．A．Reserved. B．Uninterested.
C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.
【答案】17．B    18．A    19．B    20．D
【原文】W: Well, in the studio this morning, for our interview spot is Peter Wilson. Peter works for Green Peace. So, Peter, welcome.
M: Thanks a lot. It’s good to be here.
W: Great! Now, Peter, perhaps you could tell us something about Green Peace and your job there.
M: Sure. Well, I’ll start by telling you roughly what Green Peace is all about. I actually work in London for the Green Peace organization. We’ve been going for a few decades and we’re a non-violent, non-political organization. We’re involved in anti-nuclear activity, conservation and protection of animals and protection and support of our eco-system. I’m the action organizer and arrange any protests.
W: Great! A pretty important role, Peter. What sort of protest would you organize?
M: Well, recently we’ve been involved in anti-nuclear campaigns. I personally arranged for the demonstration against radioactive waste dumping in the Atlantic Ocean. We’ve got a few small Green Peace boats that we harassed the dumping ships with.
W: Hey? Hold on, Peter. I thought you said your organization was non-violent. What do you mean by “harass”?
M: Well, we circle round and round the ships and get in the way when they try to dump the nuclear waste in the sea. We talk to the men and try to change, you know, yell at them to stop. We generally make ourselves as much of a trouble as possible.
W: Well, people may think differently of your methods but there’s no doubt you’re doing a great job. Keep it up and good luck. And thanks for talking with us.
M: Thanks for having me.
Now listen again, please.
Questions
17. What is the man’s chief responsibility in the Green Peace organization?
18. What has Green Peace been involved in recently?
19. How does Green Peace try to stop people from dumping nuclear waste?
20. What is the woman’s attitude towards the Green Peace’s campaigns?
II. Grammar and vocabulary (共 20 题，每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Morning or night? Which time of day do you enjoy the most and are more mentally alert? ___21___ one you prefer, there is a name for you.
Early birds or morning larks (云雀), as you can guess, are morning people. They have more energy in the morning and are happy to greet the day. ___22___ they rise early, they lose energy in the late afternoon. Therefore, morning larks tend to hit the hay early. As most of society runs on daylight hours, morning larks are seen as productive people. As the saying goes: “The early bird gets the worm.”
Night owls are the opposite of morning larks. These people have ___23___ (little) energy in the morning. They would rather get a few more hours of sleep than rise with the sun. But on the other side, night owls come alive in the late evening hours. They become energetic and find inspiration in the moonlight. It’s no surprise___24___ they can they up well into the night.
While all birds ___25___ (create) equal, some night owls wish they could rise earlier. If you are one of them, here are some tips to help you catch that worm.
People___26___ not adjust their bedtimes overnight (一夜之间). So far those night owls wishing to rise at dawn, start with a 15-minute change. Go to bed 15 minutes earlier than usual and wake up that much earlier as well. Keep the pattern going until you find yourself___27___  (rise) with the sun.
Though it may be challenging. start your morning with as much light as possible. Open the curtains. Turn on the lights. See what ___28___ difference it makes in helping you start your day.
To make the change from owl to lark you need to be consistent and rise early every day. Don’t work hard to rise early during the week only ___29___  (sleep) in on weekends. Pick an hour to wake up, and do it every day.
For the night owls out there, hopefully these tips ___30___  (make) your mornings more bearable.
【答案】
21．Whichever    22．Because    23．least    24．that    25．are created    26．can    27．rising    28．a    29．to sleep    30．will make
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了早起鸟和夜猫子的区别，以及如何从夜猫子变成早起鸟的一些建议。
21．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，都有一个适合你的名字。结合句意可知空处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪一个” 用whichever；此处whichever为形容词，作one的定语，首字母大写。故填Whichever。
22．考查原因状语从句。句意：因为它们起得早，下午晚些时候就会失去精力。结合句意，空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because，强调直接造成某种结果的理由和原因，首字母大写。故填Because。
23．考查形容词最高级。句意：这些人早上精力最少。本句“These people ”指前文“Night owls”，与早起鸟相反，夜猫子早上的精力最少，故用形容词的最高级least修饰名词energy。故填least。
24．考查主语从句。句意：他们能熬夜到深夜也不足为奇。本句使用了“it + be + n.+ that…”句型。It为形式主语，因此空处引导主语从句，该从句主干成分完整，句意完整，故用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。
25．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然所有的鸟类都是平等的，但有些夜猫子希望自己能早点起床。While引导的让步状语从句缺谓语，描述一般性事实，且从句主语all birds是复数，和从句谓语动词create之间为动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主谓保持一致。故填are created。
26．考查情态动词。句意：人们不能一夜之间调整睡觉时间。分析句子可知，本句谓语不完整，结合句意表示“不能够”用can not。故填can。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：保持这种模式，直到你发现自己随着太阳起床。分析句子可知，until引导的时间状语从句中有谓语find，故使用非谓语动词。yourself和rise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做宾补。故填rising。
28．考查冠词。句意：看看它在帮你重新开始一天上有何不同。what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句；make a difference是固定短语，意为“有区别”。故填a
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：不要在一周中早起努力工作，结果周末却睡懒觉。only to do sth.表示“结果却……”。故用不定式作结果状语。故填to sleep。
30．考查时态。句意：对于夜猫子来说，希望这些建议能让你的早晨更能坚持得住。本句缺谓语，结合“hopefully ”可知，时态采用一般将来时。故填will make。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．associated      B．charge      C．cooling      D．deaden      E. appliances      F. narrow
G. causes      H. reflective      I. restricted      J. typically      K. unstable
How does thunder-snow work? Thunder-snow is rare because the conditions that produce snow tend to have a stabilizing effect on the atmosphere. In winter the surface and lower troposphere (对流层) are cold and there is little moisture to lead to lightning. Lightning super-heats the air, while the rapid ___31___ produces the sound waves we call thunder. Thunderstorms can form in winter, but have different characteristics. A typical normal thunderstorm consists of tall, ___32___ clouds that rise from a warm updraft (上升气流) leading from the surface up to around 40, 000 feet. Thunder-snow usually forms when layers of flat snow clouds develop instability and experience dynamic lifting. Three ___33___ lead to the instability. Firstly, a normal thunderstorm at the edge of a warm or cold front can run into cold air, changing rain into freezing rain or snow. Secondly, when the flat snow clouds become bumpy or develop what are usually called “turrets”. Turrets rise about the clouds, making the top layer ___34___ . The change causes water molecules or ice crystals to gain or lose electrons (电子). When the electrical ___35___ difference between two bodies becomes large enough, lightning occurs. Thirdly, a cold air front passing over warmer water can produce thunder-snow. This is the type of thunder-snow most often seen near the Great Lakes or near and ocean.
The obvious difference between a typical thunderstorm and thunder-snow is that a thunderstorm produces rain, while thunder-snow is ___36___ with snow. However, the thunder and lightning of thunder-snow are different, too. Snow can ___37___ sound, so thundersnow’s thunder sounds low and doesn’t travel as far as it would in a clear or rainy sky. Normal thunder may be heard miles from its source, while thunder-snow thunder tends to be ___38___ to a 2 to 3 mile radius from the lightning strike. While the sound of a thunder may be lowered, lightning flashes are enhanced by ___39___ snow. Thunder-snow lightning ____40____ appears white or golden, rather than the usual blue or purple of thunderstorm lightning.
【答案】
31．C    32．F    33．G    34．K    35．B    36．A    37．D    38．I    39．H    40．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述雷雪是如何产生的，它和雷雨的区别。
31．考查名词。句意：闪电会使空气过热，而迅速冷却的空气会产生我们称之为雷声的声波。空处应填名词作主语，根据上下文可知是冬天产生雷雪，所以设空处意思应是冷却cooling，故选C。
32．考查形容词。句意：一场典型的雷雨由又高又窄的云组成，这些云是由从地面上升到大约40000英尺的暖流形成的。空处应填形容词作定语，根据常识和句意可知，雷雨是由又高又窄的组成，故应用narrow，故选F。
33．考查名词。句意：导致不稳定的原因有三个。根据句意和语境可知设空处意思是“原因”，应用名词causes做主语，故选G。
34．考查形容词。句意：“炮塔”在云层上升起，使得顶层不稳定。根据下文“The change causes water molecules or ice crystals to gain or lose electrons (电子).”可知，“炮塔”使得云层不稳定，导致水分子或冰晶失去或获得电子，因此应用形容词unstable“不稳定的”，作宾补，故选K。
35．考查名词。句意：当两个物体之间的电荷差足够大时，就会发生闪电。空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意可知表示“电荷”应用名词charge，不可数。故选B。
36．考查名词。句意：典型的雷雨和雷雪之间的明显区别是雷雨产生雨，而雷雪与雪有关。根据句意此处是指雪雷与雪有关，“与……有关”是be associated with，形容词associated作表语，故选A。
37．考查动词。句意：雪可以减弱声音，所以雪雷的雷声听起来很低，不会像晴天或雨天那样传播得那么远。空处位于情态动词can后，应填动词原形，根据“so thundersnow’s thunder sounds low and doesn’t travel as far as it would in a clear or rainy sky. ”可知，雪可以减弱声音，故动词deaden“减弱”符合题意 ，故选D。
38．考查动词。句意：正常的雷声可能在距离雷源几英里的地方被听到，而雪雷往往被限制在距离雷击半径2到3英里的范围内。根据上文“Normal thunder may be heard miles from its source”和表示对比意义的while可知，此处指与正常雷声相比，雪雷的雷声传播范围有限，被限制在半径2到3英里内。故空处用过去分词restricted和be构成被动语态，故选I。
39．考查形容词。句意：虽然雷声可能会减弱，但闪电会因雪的反射而增强。修饰名词snow应用形容词，根据常识可知，雪具有反射光线的特点，所以形容词reflective“反光的”符合题意，作定语，故选H。
40．考查形容词。句意：雷雪闪电通常呈白色或金色，而不是雷雨闪电常见的蓝色或紫色。修饰动词appear应用副词，结合常识可知，闪电通常呈白色或金色是雷雪的典型特征，故用副词typically作状语，故选J。
III Reading Comprehension(满分 45 分)
Section A (共 15 题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Owing to the recent pandemic （流行病）researchers have been trying to find more ways to kill viruses, and one result of their work involves ___41___ .
It has long been known that ultraviolet（UV）（紫外线的）light can destroy microbes such as bacteria and viruses. It is already used as a cleaning agent in hospitals and to ___42___ air and water but only when people aren't around. That's because there are three types of UV light: UVA, UVB and UVC．and they are all ___43___ to humans. UVA and UVB exposure can ___44___ skin cancer, while UVB is responsible for sunburns. UVC light is mostly absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere, but it is even more dangerous. Artificial UVC light can pass through the outer layer of skin and eye cells to ___45___ the living cells underneath.
___46___, there is a type of UVC light, known as far-UVC, which does not pass through the outer layer of cells. But studies of the long-term effects of far-UVC on humans, ___47___ studies on groups comprising more than 20 people, are not available.
Researcher David Brenner has helped develop a far-UVC light that kills viruses and bacteria. In a normal-sized room, five lamps ___48___ the number of microbes by 98 percent in less than five minutes. To achieve results like this through ventilation（通风设备）alone, the air would have to be changed 184 times per hour, which is currently ___49___ . Even at lower settings, the lamps still killed 92 percent of viruses in 15 minutes.
Countries vary in their standards for how much UV light people are allowed to be ____50____ to. Since Brenner's team was operating in the United States, he observed American ____51____ , which are less strict than those of some countries such as Germany. But even working within Germany's lower limit of UV light exposure, Brenner's lights still decrease the number of microbes ____52____ . Brenner argues that using the lights, even ____53____ Germany's regulations, would likely have reduced the number of people who died from Covid-19.
In the future, far-UVC lamps may be ____54____ in all public spaces. Researchers hope that installation and use of such lamps could prevent future ____55____ . Although more extensive research needs to be done, there is hope that this will be their effect.
41．A．electricity B．sound C．light D．air
42．A．clean B．separate C．produce D．mix
43．A．beneficial B．harmful C．influential D．essential
44．A．turn to B．refer to C．owe to D．lead to
45．A．damage B．avoid C．protect D．absorb
46．A．Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
47．A．as much as B．as for C．as a result of D．as well as
48．A．increased B．exploded C．reduced D．lightened
49．A．definite B．impossible C．realistic D．sensible
50．A．extended B．covered C．exposed D．warned
51．A．standards B．features C．policies D．orders
52．A．permanently B．instantly C．completely D．significantly
53．A．designing B．obeying C．applying D．experimenting
54．A．common B．unusual C．seldom D．doubtful
55．A．lamps B．projects C．pandemics D．diseases
【答案】
41．C    42．A    43．B    44．D    45．A    46．B    47．D    48．C    49．B    50．C    51．A    52．D    53．B    54．A    55．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现一种被称作远UVC的光可以有效清洁空气，杀死有害细菌。这项研究可以帮助预防未来流行病。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于最近的大流行，研究人员一直在试图找到更多的方法来杀死病毒，他们的工作成果之一涉及光。A. electricity电；B. sound声音；C. light光；D. air空气。根据后文“It has long been known that ultraviolet（UV）light can destroy microbes such as bacteria and viruses. (人们早就知道，紫外线（UV）光可以破坏细菌和病毒等微生物。) ”和“ 6 , there is a types of UVC light, known as far-UVC. which does not pass through the outer layer of cells.( 有一种UVC光，称为远UVC，它不能穿过细胞外层。)”可以推测出，研究者们发现了一种可以杀死病毒的光。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它已经被用作医院的清洁剂，用于清洁空气和水，但只在人们不在的情况下使用。A. clean清洁；B. separate分离；C. produce生产；D. mix混合。根据上文“destroy microbes such as bacteria and viruses(消灭细菌和病毒等微生物)”可知，这种光可以杀死病毒，清洁空气。故选A项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为紫外线有三种类型:：UVA、UVB和UVC。它们都对人类有害。A. beneficial有益的；B. harmful有害的；C. influential有影响的；D. essential重要的。根据上文“but only when people aren't around(但只有在没有人的时候)”可知，这种光对人有害。故选B项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：UVA和UVB暴露会导致皮肤癌，而UVB会导致晒伤。A. turn to转向，求助于；B. refer to指代，参考；C. owe to归功于；D. lead to导致。根据上文可知，这种光对人有害，所以会导致皮肤癌。故选D项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人造紫外线可以穿透皮肤和眼细胞的外层，破坏其下的活细胞。A. damage损害；B. avoid避免；C. protect保护；D. absorb吸收。根据上文“but it is even more dangerous(但它甚至更危险)”可知，这种光会穿透皮肤破坏细胞。故选A项。
46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一种UVC光，称为远UVC，它不能穿过细胞外层A. Moreover而且；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Meanwhile同时。上文提到“Artificial UVC light can pass through the outer layer of skin(人造紫外线可以穿透皮肤的外层)”，后文提到“there is a types of UVC light, known as far-UVC. which does not pass through the outer layer of cells(有一种UVC光，被称为远UVC。哪一种不能穿过细胞的外层)”，因此这两句之间表存在转折的逻辑关系。故选B项。
47．考查短语辨析。句意：但目前还没有关于远紫外线辐射对人类的长期影响以及对20人以上群体的研究。A. as much as和……一样（多）；B. as for至于；C. as a result of作为……的结果；D. as well as也，和。“studies of the long-term effects of far-UVC on humans(远紫外线辐射对人类长期影响的研究)”和“ studies on groups comprising more than 20 people(对20人以上群体的研究)”是并列的，这两种研究都“are not available(不可以做的)”。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个正常大小的房间里，五盏灯在不到五分钟的时间里使微生物数量减少了98%。A. increased增加；B. exploded爆炸；C. reduced减少；D. lightened减轻，发亮。根据前文“Researcher David Brenner has helped develop a far-UVC light that kills viruses and bacteria.(研究人员大卫·布伦纳帮助开发了一种可以杀死病毒和细菌的远紫外线光。)”可知，这些光可以减少病毒和细菌。故选C项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：仅通过通风设备就能达到这样的效果，每小时要更换184次空气，这在目前是不可能的。A. definite清晰的；B. impossible不可能的；C. realistic现实的；D. sensible理智的。结合常识可知“the air would have to be changed 184 times per hour(空气每小时要换184次)”目前是不可能的。故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：各国在允许人们接触多少紫外线的标准上各不相同。A. extended延伸；B. covered覆盖，包括；C. exposed接触，暴露；D. warned警告。根据后文“Germany's lower limit of UV light exposure(德国紫外线照射的下限，)”可知，各国关于人们接触（被暴露于）紫外线的标准不一样。故选C项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于布伦纳的团队在美国工作，他遵守美国的标准，比德国等一些国家的标准要宽松。A. standards标准；B. features特征；C. policies政策；D. orders命令，订单。根据上文“Countries vary in their standards(各国的标准各不相同)”可知，布伦纳研究了美国的标准。故选A项。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，即使在德国紫外线照射的最低限度内，布伦纳的光仍然可以显著减少微生物的数量。A. permanently永久地；B. instantly立刻，一……就……；C. completely完全地；D. significantly显著地。根据上文“But even working within Germany's lower limit of UV light exposure(但即使在德国紫外线照射的最低限度内)”和后文“ even 　13　　 Germany's regulations, would likely have reduced the number of people who died from Covid-19.(即使是按照德国的法规，也可能会减少死于Covid-19的人数。)”可知，按照各国的标准（最低限制），这种光也可以有效减少微生物数量。故选D项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布伦纳认为，使用电灯，甚至遵守德国的规定，可能会减少死于Covid-19的人数。A. designing设计；B. obeying服从；C. applying申请，应用；D. experimenting做实验。根据上文“even working within Germany's lowe limit of UV light exposure(即使在德国紫外线照射的最低限度内工作)”可知，布伦纳遵守了德国的最低限制的规定。故选B项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在未来，远紫外线紫外线灯可能会在所有公共场所普遍使用。A. common常见的，普遍的，共同的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C. seldom很少；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“Researchers hope that installation and use of such lamps could prevent future 15 ”可知，也许在未来，紫外线灯能出现在公共场所，被普遍使用。故选A项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员希望安装和使用这种灯可以预防未来的流行病。A. lamps灯；B. projects项目；C. pandemics流行病；D. diseases疾病。根据上文“It is already used as a cleaning agent in hospitals and to 　2 　 air and water but only when people aren't around.(它已经被用作医院______空气和水的清洁剂，但只在人不在的情况下使用。)”和“would likely have reduced the number of people who died from Covid-19.(可能会减少死于Covid-19的人数)”可知，紫外线可以清洁空气，预防流行病的传播。故选C项。
Section B (共 11 题，每小题 2 分，满分 22 分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Unlimited Talk & Text Only $19.99/mo.*
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jitterbug.smart3

Our simplest smartphone ver.
The Jitterbug" Smart3 is our simplest smartphone with a simple menu, large screen and exclusive health and safety services.
Plans with data as low as $17.48/mo

EASY Everything you want to do, from texting and taking pictures, to emailing and getting directions, is organized in a single list on one screen with large, legible letters.
SMART Turn your Jitterbug Smart3 into a personal safety device with Urgent Response and exclusive health apps.
AFFORDABLE Lively has plans with data as low as $1748 per month. Compared to other cell phone companies, you could save up to $500 per year.
Powered by the nation’s most reliable wireless network.
$19.99/mo.
Unlimited Talk & Text
Data plans as low as $2.49/mo.

NO LONG-TERM CONTRACTS No cancellation fees
To order or learn more. cal1.866.387.8637
No long-term contracts
Keen your current phone number
100% US.-based live customer service
Affordable, flexible plans

Available in-store or online at:

lively.com/smart
Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change. A data plan is required for the Jitterbug Smart3. Plans and services may require purchase of a Lively device and a one-time setup fee of $35. Up to $8500 savings calculation based on market leaders’ lowest available monthly published fees for a single line of service.
56．Which function of Jitterbug Smart 3 is not mentioned in the advertisement?A．Siri B．Large Screen
C．Safety Services D．Health Services
57．If you want to apply for the service of Unlimited Talk and Text, what is the minimum fee you need to pay every month?
A．$17.48 B．$19.99 C．$22.48 D．$19.97
58．Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A．You can keep your original phone number when you switch to Jitterbug Smart3.
B．You don’t need to sign a long-term contract with Lively when you take Jitterbug Smart 3.
C．Up to $500 savings you might save per year with lowest Lively data plans.
D．Government taxes are not excluded in the monthly fees.
【答案】56．A    57．C    58．D
【详解】本文是一篇广告，主要介绍的是智能手机Jitterbug Smart3。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Jitterbug Smart3 is our simplest smartphone with a simple menu, large screen and exclusive health and safety services.(Jitterbug Smart3是我们最简单的智能手机，有简单的菜单，大屏幕和独家的健康和安全服务。)”可知，Jitterbug Smart 3在广告中没有提到的功能是Siri。故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据广告中的“$19.99/mo.  Unlimited Talk & Text(无限通话和短信每个月19.99美元)”，“Data plans as low as $2.49/mo(数据套餐最低为每月2.49美元)”和“A data plan is required for the Jitterbug Smart3.(Jitterbug Smart3需要数据套餐。)”可知，如你想申请“无限通话及文字”服务，每月最少须缴付的费用是$19.99+$2.49=$22.48。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据广告中的“Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change.(每月收费不包括政府税或评估附加费，并可能会更改。)”可知，政府税不包括在每月的收费中，因此D选项“政府税包括在每月的收费中”是错误的。故选D。
B
Do the colors that surround you influence how you feel? Can the colors on your walls and on your clothes affect your moods? Some researchers believe the answer is a decisive yes, while others aren't so sure.
Yet many marketers, interior designers, medical professionals and others swear by an informal field of science known as color psychology. Color psychology is defined as “the study of how the colors we perceive impact our thoughts and feelings.”
Marketers use the science of color to persuade us to buy things. When choosing paint, fumiture and wall art, interior designers act on the theory that colors can arouse certain feelings in us. Dentists are often advised to use light blue paint on their office walls to help calm apprehensive patients.
We should keep in mind, though, that only by considering cultural preferences are we able to fully understand the science of color. For instance, in the West, white is for brides and black is for funerals. But in ancient Asia, white was sometimes worn for funerals. In Japan yellow represents courage while in the United States, it represents happiness. Additionally, many variables including gender, age, background and more must be considered before making color assumptions when one is studying the effects of color.
After taking color variable into account it’s safe to consider some mainstream theories about specific colors and their meanings. Here are just a few:
Red symbolizes love, energy, passion and danger. Red is also believed to increase one’s hunger, which might be the reason why MeDonald's and Coca-Cola chose red as their major branding color.
Brown, a color from nature, best represents things that are honest, trustworthy and dependable. It seems a perfect fit as the branding color for the package delivery company UPS.
Blue -in addition to representing peace and calm-also means integrity and competence. It’s no surprise that PayPal and American Express both use blue as their branding color.
Green-another color from nature -represents health, growth and freshness and is the perfect branding color for Starbucks.
Pink symbolizes love, romance, innocence and femininity（女性特质）. The popular doll company that makes Barbie uses pink as its major branding color.
If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. With this knowledge, we can effectively harness （驾驭）color power to create positive school, work and home environments.
59．What does the phrase swear by in the second paragraph probably mean?
A．deeply believe B．somewhat doubt C．deeply investigate D．still wish
60．What is the writer’s purpose of taking white and black as an example in the passage?
A．To state that cultural preferences are decisive factors in color psychology.
B．To show different cultures have different preferences for different colors.
C．To prove white and black represent complete different things in different countries.
D．To remind we should take culture into account when learning the science of color.
61．We can conclude from the passage that _______.
A．color psychology is influencing our emotions and decisions
B．color psychology may help us make correct decisions in life
C．color psychology is an uncultivated field in modern science
D．color psychology has been recognized throughout the world
62．What would be the proper title for the passage?
A．The positives and negatives of color psychology.
B．The foundation and function of color psychology.
C．The potential effects of color on our lives
D．The relationship between color and man Section
【答案】59．A    60．D    61．A    62．C
【导语】这是一篇说说明文。文章主要介绍了色彩对我们生活的潜在影响。
59．短语猜测题。根据第二段最后一句话“Color psychology is defined as “the study of how the colors we perceive impact our thoughts and feelings.”(色彩心理学被定义为“研究我们感知的颜色如何影响我们的思想和感受。”)”以及第三段“Marketers use the science of color to persuade us to buy things. When choosing paint, fumiture and wall art, interior designers act on the theory that colors can arouse certain feelings in us. Dentists are often advised to use light blue paint on their office walls to help calm apprehensive patients.(营销人员利用色彩科学来说服我们购买东西。室内设计师在选择油漆、烟熏和墙壁艺术时，会根据这样一种理论行事，即颜色会引起我们的某些感觉。牙医经常被建议在办公室墙上使用浅蓝色油漆，以帮助焦虑的患者平静下来)”可知，色彩心理学研究发现颜色如何影响我们的思想和感受。营销人员，设计师和牙医等会用色彩心理学来影响顾客的一些决定，帮助患者平缓情绪。所以他们对色彩心里学深信不疑。所以swear by的意思为“深信不疑”。故选A
60．目的意图题。根据第四段第一句话“We should keep in mind, though, that only by considering cultural preferences are we able to fully understand the science of color. (不过，我们应该记住，只有考虑到文化偏好，我们才能完全理解色彩科学）”可知，作者用白色和黑色作为例子是为了提醒我们在学习色彩科学时应该考虑到文化因素。故选D。
61．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. (如果色彩心理学的倡导者是正确的，那么我们的情绪和决定确实会受到周围色彩的影响)”可推知，色彩心理学会影响我们的情绪和决定。故选A。
62．标题判断题。根据第一段“Do the colors that surround you influence how you feel? Can the colors on your walls and on your clothes affect your moods? Some researchers believe the answer is a decisive yes, while others aren't so sure.(你周围的颜色会影响你的感觉吗？你墙上和衣服上的颜色会影响你的心情吗？一些研究人员认为答案是决定性的肯定，而另一些人则不那么确定)”以及最后一段“If color psychology advocates are correct, then our emotions and decisions are truly influenced by the colors around us. With this knowledge, we can effectively harness （驾驭）color power to create positive school, work and home environments.(如果色彩心理学的倡导者是正确的，那么我们的情绪和决定确实会受到周围色彩的影响。有了这些知识，我们可以有效地利用色彩力量来创造积极的学校、工作和家庭环境)”可知，本篇文介绍了色彩心理学，揭示了色彩对于我们生活的潜在影响。所以“色彩对于我们生活的潜在影响”适合作本篇文章的标题。故选C。
C
Everything we know suggests that the universe is unusual. It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics. If we reached into a hat filled with pieces of paper, each with the specifications of a possible universe written on it, it is unlikely that we would get a universe anything like ours in one pick—or even a billion.
The challenge that cosmologists face is to make sense of this specialness. One approach to this question is inflation—the hypothesis (假设) that the early universe went through a stage of fast expansion. At first, inflation seemed to do the trick. A simple version of the idea gave correct predictions for the spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background.
But a closer look shows that we have just moved the problem further back in time. To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation. As a result, some cosmologists (宇宙学家) suggest that there is not one universe, but an infinite number, with a huge variety of properties: the multiverse. There are an infinite number of universes in the collection that are like our universe and an infinite number that are not. But the proportion of infinity to infinity is undefined, and can be made into anything the theorist wants. Thus the multiverse theory has difficulty making any firm predictions and threatens to take us out of the area of science.
These other universes are unobservable and because chance dictates the random distribution of properties across universes, suggesting the existence of a multiverse does not let us get to anything about our universe beyond what we already know. As attractive as the idea may seem, it is basically a sleight of hand, which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success. The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must, by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse.
We started out trying to explain why the universe is so special, and we end up being asked to believe that our universe is one of an infinite number of universes with random properties. This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned.
Cosmology has new questions to answer. Not just what are the laws, but why are these laws the laws? How were they chosen? We can’t just hypothesize what the initial conditions were at the big bang, we need to explain those initial conditions. Thus we are in the position of a computer program asked to explain its inputs. It is clear that if we are to get anywhere, we need to invent new methods, and perhaps new kinds of laws, to gain a scientific description of the universe as a whole.
63．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of our universe?
A．There are several hypotheses about its early stage.
B．There are more than one billion universes similar to ours.
C．It is expanding at a greater speed that it did at the stage of the big bang.
D．It is different from the predictions made according to the laws of physics.
64．What does the writer imply about the hypothesis of inflation?
A．It hasn’t been challenged. B．It doesn’t make much sense.
C．It is by far the most reasonable approach. D．It is the simple version of a complicated idea.
65．Which word in the passage is similar in meaning to the phrase “sleight of hand” (paragraph 4)?
A．process B．prediction C．trick D．infinity
66．It can be inferred from the passage that the writer________.
A．believes the idea of the multiverse will help us to understand our universe better
B．argues there is a fixed proportion of universes like ours to those unlike ours
C．holds computer programs can work better than humans in cosmology
D．thinks some laws of nature that we take for granted may be false
【答案】63．D    64．B    65．C    66．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了一些我们认为理所当然的自然法则一定是真实的吗？作者认为一些自然法则未必是真实的，一些未经检验的假设必须被推翻。
63．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics.”（它比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞。）可知，真实的宇宙比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞，由此可知，我们的宇宙与根据物理学定律所作的预测不同。故选D项。
64．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“To make inflation happen at all requires us to fine-tune the initial conditions of the universe. And unless inflation is highly tuned, it leads to a runaway process of universe creation.”（要使膨胀发生，需要我们对宇宙的初始条件进行微调。除非膨胀得到高度调整，否则它会导致宇宙创造失控。）可知，作者认为，要想宇宙膨胀的假设成立，就需要我们对宇宙的初始条件进行微调，但除非膨胀得到高度调整，否则它会导致宇宙创造失控，在这种情况下，宇宙膨胀的假设并不成立，由此可知，作者认为膨胀假设是没什么意义的。故选B项。
65．词义猜测题。根据画线短语句中“which turns an explanatory failure into an apparent explanatory success”（这将解释性失败转化为明显的解释性成功）和下文“The success is empty because anything that might be observed about our universe could be explained as something that must, by chance, happen somewhere in the multiverse.”（成功是空洞的，因为我们宇宙中可能观察到的任何东西都可以解释为在多元宇宙中偶然发生的事情。）可知，宇宙学家的这种想法将解释性失败转化为明显的解释性成功，但这种成功是空洞的，由此可知，这种想法基本上是一种巧妙的把戏，因为我们宇宙中可能观察到的任何东西都可以解释为在多元宇宙中偶然发生的事情，“trick”意为“把戏”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
66．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“It is flatter, smoother, larger and emptier than a “typical” universe predicted by the known laws of physics.”（它比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞。）和倒数第二段关键句“This makes me suspect that there is a basic but unexamined assumption about the laws of nature that must be overturned.”（这让我怀疑，关于自然法则，有一个基本但未经检验的假设必须被推翻。）可知，我们的宇宙比已知的物理定律所预测的“典型”宇宙更平坦、更光滑、更大、更空洞，作者认为一些自然法则未必是真实的，基本但未经检验的假设必须被推翻，由此可知，作者认为一些我们认为理所当然的自然法则可能是错误的，需要被推翻。故选D项。
Section C(共 4 题，每小题 2 分，满分 8 分)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Robots used to be found only in science fiction. In the 1960s, the animated space-age family the Jetsons had a robotic maid who could do household chores. In the 2014 movie Big Hero 6, the robot Baymax could diagnose and heal illnesses instantly. In real life robots function in many manufacturing and household situations. (Think workers in the automobile industry, robot toy pets and vacuum cleaners.) In the filed of medicine, robot patients help train doctors and nurses by pretending they have a variety of health conditions. _____67_____
The global pandemic and resulting economic crisis have created a lack of restaurant workers. Since restaurants don't have enough workers, the remaining staff must work harder. Regardless, customers face longer wait times, fewer menu choices and higher prices. _____68_____ These robots are not exactly modeled after Rosey, the Jetsons' robotic household servant, but they are pretty clever (and very cute).
_____69_____ Many have a design that looks like a rolling cart. One model named Bella even has a cute cat-like face. Many are fairly short and shaped like R2D2 of Star Wars fame. They are designed to deliver dishes to regular customers in a restaurant. They are also just the right height for customers to easily reach them. Restaurant owners are finding server robots ideal for performing repetitive tasks, however many there are. They can not only deliver delicious food to performing repetitive tasks, however many there are. They can not only deliver delicious food to hungry customers. but also get back dirty dishes at the end of the meal.
_____70_____ Concerning the price. a server robot costs from a few thousand to several thousand dollars. And in 2021, a restaurant even rented one for as low as USS15 per day. Regarding safety, special sensors on the robots keep them from crashing into customers. Because there aren't enough restaurant workers. filling positions with these robotic servers is a no-brainer. Don't be surprised if you see one rolling up to your table soon.
A．Robots are playing an important role in almost everywhere nowadays.
B．Some founders are lending a hand-a robotic hand-in the form of server robots.
C．Perhaps you're wondering about issues such as the cost and safety factors.
D．Workers are afraid of being replaced by robots in the future.
E．Now robots are finding a home in the food service industry.
F．Server robots come in several different varieties
【答案】67．E    68．B    69．F    70．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人正在食品服务业找到归宿。
67．上文“In real life robots function in many manufacturing and household situations. In the filed of medicine, robot patients help train doctors and nurses by pretending they have a variety of health conditions.(在现实生活中，机器人在许多制造业和家庭环境中发挥作用。在医学领域，机器人病人通过假装自己有各种各样的健康状况来帮助培训医生和护士。)”说明了机器人在制造业、家庭、和医疗等领域中发挥着作用。下文“The global pandemic and resulting economic crisis have created a lack of restaurant workers.(全球流行病和随之而来的经济危机导致餐厅工人短缺。)”说明了餐饮行业需要机器人。E项“现在机器人在食品服务行业找到了归宿。”自然过渡，引出了机器人可以服务与餐饮业。故选E项。
68．上文“Since restaurants don't have enough workers, the remaining staff must work harder. Regardless, customers face longer wait times, fewer menu choices and higher prices. (由于餐馆没有足够的员工，剩下的员工必须更加努力工作。无论如何，顾客面临着更长的等待时间、更少的菜单选择和更高的价格。)”说明餐馆和顾客都因为饭馆工作人员的缺乏而面临困境。下文“These robots are not exactly modeled after Rosey, the Jetsons' robotic household servant, but they are pretty clever (and very cute).( 这些机器人并非完全模仿杰森一家的机器人女佣罗西，但它们非常聪明(也非常可爱)。)”可知，为了解决提到的问题，服务机器人被引进。B项“一些创始人正在帮忙——一只机器人之手——以服务器机器人的形式。”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
69．下文“Many have a design that looks like a rolling cart. One model named Bella even has a cute cat-like face. Many are fairly short and shaped like R2D2 of Star Wars fame. (许多（机器人）的设计看起来像一辆滚动的手推车。一位名叫贝拉的模型甚至长着一张可爱的猫脸。许多都相当短，形状像《星球大战》中的R2D2。)”说明了机器人外形各异。F项“服务器机器人有几个不同的品种。”适合作为本段主题句，引出后文，符合语境。故选F项。
70．下文“Concerning the price，a server robot costs from a few thousand to several thousand dollars. (关于价格，一个服务器机器人的成本从几千美元到几千美元不等。)”和“Regarding safety, special sensors on the robots keep them from crashing into customers.(在安全方面，机器人上的特殊传感器防止它们撞到顾客。)”说明了有关我服务机器人的价格和安全的问题。B项“也许你想知道价格和安全因素等问题。”引出下文，符合语境。故选C项。
IV Summary Writing(满分 10 分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
IKEA, known around the world as a supplier of furniture and other home goods, is taking steps to protect the environment. By 2030 IKEA plans to be a circular business, one whose products can all be reused or recycled rather than thrown away. To achieve this goal, the company is redesigning all of its products. How can it design products that will last longer and be easier to fix and that people can recycle when they are finished with them? By answering these questions, IKEA hopes to improve the sustainability of its business model.
IKEA wants people to be able to repair its products rather than throw them away when something goes wrong. To accomplish that goal, the company is standardizing the parts, materials and colors that it uses. This means that if a part needs to be replaced, it will be easy to find. In the past IKEA has only offered spare parts for some products; now it is greatly expanding the number of spare parts customers can purchase. This makes it feasible for customers to repair their own furniture. IKEA is also redesigning the parts of its products that are most likely to wear out quickly.
To extend the life of its products, IKEA is trying to make their maintenance easier. It is also making its products easier to take apart and transport, so the furniture is less likely to break when being moved or changing hands.
Sometimes people replace their furniture not because there is something wrong with it, but because their needs have changed. So IKEA is also trying to help people keep furniture for a longer time by making it easy to modify. Some pieces can be expanded or reduced in size as family members and guests come and go. Others have covers that can be exchanged for different look.
But even with all these efforts, it is likely that certain products will eventually no longer be usable. At that point they can be remanufactured — the pieces reassembled (重新组装) into something new-or recycled. And IKEA is designing products to make these processes easier. The company is also working to reduce waste in other areas, such as packaging and food waste from restaurants inside its stores.
These efforts to reduce the number of IKEA products that are abandoned and thrown in landfills will help create a more environmentally friendly economy.
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【答案】IKEA is taking steps to protect the environment, which include standardizing the parts, materials and colors used, trying to make their maintenance easier, making its products easier to take apart and transport, trying to make the furniture easy to modify and making their products easy to be remanufactured. The company is also working to reduce waste in other areas.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，宜家作为著名的家具和其他家居用品的供应商，正在采取措施保护环境，对自己的产品进行了一系列改良。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①IKEA, known around the world as a supplier of furniture and other home goods, is taking steps to protect the environment.
②IKEA, known around the world as a supplier of furniture and other home goods, is taking steps to protect the environment.
③To extend the life of its products, IKEA is trying to make their maintenance easier. It is also making its products easier to take apart and transport, so the furniture is less likely to break when being moved or changing hands.
④So IKEA is also trying to help people keep furniture for a longer time by making it easy to modify.
⑤At that point they can be remanufactured — the pieces reassembled (重新组装) into something new-or recycled.
⑥The company is also working to reduce waste in other areas, such as packaging and food waste from restaurants inside its stores.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2、3、4、5五个要点进行重组，将第6个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
IKEA is taking steps to protect the environment, including standardizing the parts, materials and colors used, trying to make their maintenance easier, making its products easier to take apart and transport, trying to make the furniture easy to modify and making their products easy to be remanufactured.
Reducing waste in other areas is also the company’s goal.
【点睛】[高分句型1] IKEA is taking steps to protect the environment, which include standardizing the parts, materials and colors used, trying to make their maintenance easier, making its products easier to take apart and transport, trying to make the furniture easy to modify and making their products easy to be remanufactured. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Reducing waste in other areas is also the company’s goal. (运用了动名词作主语)
V Translation (共 4 题，共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72． 环境污染不仅会使许多动物濒临灭绝，还会使人类放弃原有的生活模式。（Not only）
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【答案】Not only will environmental pollution make many animals endangered but also make human beings give up our original lifestyle.
73． 有了这些高科技的休息舱，各国记者们才有机会在工作间隙打个盹, 休息舱里的智能床，可以用遥控器或手机调整高度。(cabin)
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【答案】Journalists from all over the world had a chance to take a nap during break thanks to /due to/ because of the high-tech cabins, whose smart beds could be adjusted with remote controls or mobile phones.
74． 各类电子产品方便了人们的工作生活，然而如何处理废旧电子产品却成为一大难题。(though)
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【答案】Though electronic products of all kinds make people’s work and life more convenient, how to deal with abandoned electronic products has become a big challenge.
75． 儒教在中国历代盛行数千年,虽地位不如昔日举足轻重,但仍然是了解灿烂中华文明一把钥匙。(as … as)
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【答案】Although Confucianism, which has been prevalent/widespread in China for thousands of years,is not as important as it used to be, it is still a key to understanding the splendid Chinese civilization.
VI Guided Writing(满分25分)
76． Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
目前,网络语言（Internet Slang）在青少年中极为盛行，你校学生会在同学中就对网络语言的看法进行了调查，调查结果见下面饼状图（pie chart）。请根据图中信息，用英语写一篇短文，介绍同学们的看法，并表达你自己的观点。

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【答案】 With the increasing popularity of Internet Slang among teenagers, our school has carried out a survey. The results are as follows.
Some students are in favor of it while some are opposed. 35% students feel it active and fashionable to say Internet Slang. And 33% students think it is full of humor and wisdom. Quarter students hold the opinion that it is more convenient to use Internet Slang. While 7% students view it as a simple thing. They think Internet Slang wasn't used by most people and if it is used too often, it will cause misunderstanding.
As far as I am concerned, Internet Slang is a double-edged sword. If we use it in a proper way, our online communication will be more colorful.