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2022-2023学年安徽省合肥一中等十校联盟高二下学期期中联考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年安徽省合肥一中等十校联盟高二下学期期中联考英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022~2023学年度第二学期高二期中联考
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On a bus. B. At a subway station. C. At a bus station.
2. Why did the man play badly in the tennis match?
A. He didn’t eat enough food.
B. He had too little sleep the night before.
C. He felt thirsty during the competition.
3. At what time does the yoga class end?
A. 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 7:15.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An old film. B. An actor. C. A novel.
5. What does the woman think of her new neighbors?
A. They are noisy. B. They are untidy. C. They are unfriendly.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long is Mabel’s Cafe open?
A. For 7 hours. B. For 9 hours. C. For 10 hours.
7. What do we know about Mabel’s Cafe?
A. It serves coffee and sweet food.
B. It doesn’t take any reservations.
C. It is far from Pyramids Mexican Restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man?
A. A news reporter. B. An editor. C. A short story writer.
9. What does the man say about his job?
A. He has to attend more meetings.
B. He works more slowly than he used to.
C. He has more space to express his ideas.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Boss and secretary. C. Father and daughter.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think is wrong with her at first?
A. She has a headache. B. She has an earache. C. She has a toothache.
12. What will the woman do at once?
A. Stop taking medicine.
B. Make a dentist appointment.
C. Write down her problems on paper.
13. What does the man tell the woman?
A. Where to get the medicine.
B. How to make an appointment.
C. When to have her tooth checked.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where will the girl go on Saturday?
A. A cinema, B. A restaurant. C. Tom’s house.
15. When does the movie start?
A. At 7:15. B. At 8:00. C. At 12:30.
16. What is the girl going to do next?
A. Call Jane. B. Study at home. C. Eat some food.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the first attraction the speaker visited in London?
A. Buckingham Palace. B. Churchill War Rooms. C. The Britain at War Experience.
18. What did the speaker do in St. James’s Park?
A. He went boating on the lake.
B. He took photos of the scenery.
C. He spent some time on a bridge.
19. Where is Buckingham Palace?
A. In Tooley Street. B. Near Green Park. C. At London Bridge main-line station.
20. How did the speaker pay for the Britain at War Experience and Churchill War Rooms?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With supermarket reward bills.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peaks of the Balkans
Join us for the adventure through the Accursed Mountain Range. The journey’s unmatched beauty, undiscovered rawness and welcoming locals will leave you feeling relaxed and fulfilled. This hike previously won the World Travel &. Tourism Award and is one of the most beautiful hiking trails(小径)in the world.
PACKAGE INCLUDES
● Accommodation in Montenegrin and Albanian guest houses
Where we stay is what makes this tour special. We have built amazing relationships with the locals on the trail who essentially welcome you into their home. They treat you like family and serve you food and drink that only your grandmother could.
Rooms are shared, but private rooms can be requested for an additional cost.
● Local guide
Emir is a guide with a great passion and knowledge of the Accursed Mountain Range. He speaks fluent English, Serbo-Croatian and broken Spanish.
● What to eat
Breakfast, lunch and dinner are provided during days 2~8. Meals on the trail will be traditional local cuisine. Please make any dietary restrictions known and we will gladly cater (迎合) to you. Days 1 and 9 are arrival and departure days. Only dinner will be served on day 1 and breakfast on day 9.
MORE INFORMATION
● When
The dates are fixed for open groups. Additional dates can be requested for private groups.
● How much it is
$950 (All inclusive)
● How to book
Fill out your contact information and tell us a little bit about yourselves. Feel free to ask any questions and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible.
1. What makes the trip to Peaks of the Balkans special?
A. The time. B. The convenience.
C. The price. D. The accommodation.
2. How many meals are provided on the tour?
A. 27. B. 23. C. 9. D. 8.
3. What is the text?
A. A diary entry. B. A notice.
C. A travel advertisement. D. A book review.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了巴尔干半岛Accursed山脉徒步旅行的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Accommodation in Montenegrin and Albanian guest houses部分“Where we stay is what makes this tour special. (我们住的地方使这次旅行与众不同)”可知，住宿使巴尔干之旅变得特别。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据What to eat部分“Breakfast, lunch and dinner are provided during days 2~8…Days 1 and 9 are arrival and departure days. Only dinner will be served on day 1 and breakfast on day 9. (第2~8天提供早餐、午餐和晚餐……第1天和第9天是抵达和出发日。第一天只供应晚餐，第九天供应早餐)”可知，这次旅游会提供3×7+2=23份餐食。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据How to book部分“Fill out your contact information and tell us a little bit about yourselves. Feel free to ask any questions and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible. (填写您的联系方式，并告诉我们一些关于您自己的信息。请随时提出任何问题，我们会尽快回复您)”可推断，本文是一篇旅游广告。故选C。
B
Mariah Galloway has observed her mother and other family members driving a car so many times. She knew just what to do when she was involved in a scary incident right in her own driveway. The trouble began one day when the 8-year-old’s great-grandmother, Patricia Lynch, picked her up from school and brought her home.
Patricia had done this many times, but on this day, a moment of inattention nearly turned deadly. While Mariah was still in the car, the 79-year-old accidentally put her car in the wrong gear (档位).
“She thought her car was in park but it was in reverse (倒车),” Mariah said. “It started moving. She tried to stop it but she fell. The tire went over her foot.”
Mariah immediately knew what to do. She jumped into the front seat and quickly pulled the keys from the ignition (点火装置), stopping the car in its tracks. With Patricia’s leg trapped under the car’s front left wheel, Mariah rushed to the house to get help.
Mariah’s mom, Porchia Lane, came running, calling an ambulance when she realized what had happened. Somehow Patricia was able to pull herself out from under the car’s tire, but her leg was badly injured and bleeding heavily. “Mariah went to take a towel. We wrapped Patricia’s leg up and caught the ambulance,” Porchia recalled, “She really thought fast.”
Patricia is now recovering at Trinity Health Oakland Hospital, and Mariah is being called a hero for her quick thinking. Even though the child admitted she felt scared during the accident, she managed to keep a cool head and avoided further tragedy.
Porchia is left to count her lucky stars that her daughter was watching her while she drove. “She was able to think fast and she probably was calmer than me in this situation because I would have been crazy,” she tells other parents. “I just told Mariah to follow her heart and make right decisions.”
4. How did Mariah Galloway know what to do in the terrible incident?
A. Her school had just started relevant courses.
B. Her mother taught her to drive at an early age.
C. She watched family members drive a lot of times.
D She drove the family car secretly more than once.
5. What did Mariah Galloway do at first when spotting the danger?
A. She called her mother for help. B. She managed to stop the car.
C. She jumped out of the car to help. D. She drove the car off by herself.
6. How does Porchia Lane feel about her daughter?
A. Relieved and proud. B. Surprised and confused.
C. Worried and regretful. D. Annoyed and doubtful.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Educating Children Needs Many Skills
B. Not All Kids Were Paying Attention to You
C. A Girl Is Always Ready to Help Strangers
D. A Little Girl Rescued Her Great-grandmother
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。8岁女孩Mariah Galloway多次观察到她的母亲和其他家庭成员开车。本文主要讲述了Mariah冷静地救了把车挂错档的曾祖母的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mariah Galloway has observed her mother and other family members driving a car so many times. She knew just what to do when she was involved in a scary incident right in her own driveway. (Mariah Galloway多次观察到她的母亲和其他家庭成员开车。当她在自己的车道上卷入一起可怕的事件时，她知道该怎么办)”可知，Mariah Galloway是通过观察家人如何开车后才知道在这起可怕的事件中该怎么做的。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“She jumped into the front seat and quickly pulled the keys from the ignition (点火装置), stopping the car in its tracks.(她跳到前排座位上，迅速拔出点火开关上的钥匙，使汽车停在轨道上)”可知，Mariah Galloway意识到危险后首先做的是停车。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“ “She was able to think fast and she probably was calmer than me in this situation because I would have been crazy,” she tells other parents. “I just told Mariah to follow her heart and make right decisions.” (“在这种情况下，她能够快速思考，可能比我更冷静，因为我会疯掉的，”她告诉其他父母。“我只是告诉玛丽亚要遵从她的内心，做出正确的决定。”)”可推知，对于她的女儿，Porchia Lane感到既安心又骄傲。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是一个小女孩救了她的曾祖母的故事。由此可知，D项“A Little Girl Rescued Her Great-grandmother (一个小女孩救了她的曾祖母)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
C
Australia recently declared the koala an endangered species in Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory, and New South Wales (NSW) because of its obvious population decline. In the state of NSW, koala conservation has become a key topic of discussion in the lead-up to the 25 March state election. However, the debate has focused on the expansion of protected areas and ignored the importance of koala conservation on private lands.
The major cause of the koala’s decline—in addition to climate change, wildfires, disease, and encounters with vehicles and dogs—is the loss and degradation(退化)of suitable habitat. In response, the NSW Government has expanded publicly protected areas in the state. Over the past 20 years—about three koala generations—NSW has officially confirmed an additional 1.5 million hectares(公顷)of protected land, some of which is high-quality koala habitat.
However, across Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and NSW, 77% of the koala’s range is located on land that is owned or rented by private citizens or businesses, where degradation continues. Between 2003 and 2020, agriculture, forestry and infrastructure(基础设施)development have led to the act of cutting down or burning the trees within 760,500 hectare in NSW, including in regions such as the Cumberland Plain and Liverpool Plains, where koalas are known to live. Such development has reduced the gains made through new protected areas.
The current NSW Koala Strategy adopts a free approach without any restrictions, which leaves private landowners, renters and industry have the power to decide what should be done in much of koala habitat conservation.
An effective koala conservation strategy must include conservation measures in private protected areas, such as payments for ecosystem services, in addition to publicly protected areas. In other words, post-election agendas must strengthen protection of koala habitats on private lands.
8. What did the discussion before the state election fail to notice?
A. The voice of local citizens. B. The expansion of protected areas.
C. The decrease of koala population. D. The koala conservation on private lands.
9. The decrease in the number of koalas is due to ______.
A. the attack of diseases B. the spreading wildfires
C. the worsening of living environment D. the constant threats from climate change
10. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Add some background information. B. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. Introduce a new topic for discussion. D. Offer some advice for the government.
11. What’s the author’s attitude to the present NSW Koala Strategy?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving.
C. Tolerant. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚最近宣布考拉为昆士兰、澳大利亚首都领地和新南威尔士州的濒危物种，因为其数量明显下降。本文主要讲了在私人土地上保护考拉的重要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the debate has focused on the expansion of protected areas and ignored the importance of koala conservation on private lands. (然而，争论的焦点是保护区的扩大，而忽视了在私人土地上保护考拉的重要性。)”可知，州选举前的讨论没有注意到在私人土地上保护考拉。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The major cause of the koala’s decline—in addition to climate change, wildfires, disease, and encounters with vehicles and dogs—is the loss and degradation(退化)of suitable habitat. (除了气候变化、野火、疾病以及与车辆和狗的接触之外，考拉数量减少的主要原因是合适栖息地的丧失和退化。)”可推断，考拉数量减少的原因是生存环境的恶化（包括气候、野火等）。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段，尤其是“However, across Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and NSW, 77% of the koala’s range is located on land that is owned or rented by private citizens or businesses, where degradation continues。(然而，在昆士兰州、澳大利亚首都领地和新南威尔士州，77%的考拉分布在私人公民或企业拥有或租赁的土地上，退化仍在继续。)”可推断，本段主要是提供一些背景知识，即私人土地上对于考拉保护的现状。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The current NSW Koala Strategy adopts a free approach without any restrictions, which leaves private landowners, renters and industry have the power to decide what should be done in much of koala habitat conservation. (目前的新南威尔士州考拉战略采取了一种没有任何限制的自由方式，这使得私人土地所有者、租房者和行业有权决定在大部分考拉栖息地保护中应该做什么。)”以及最后一段“An effective koala conservation strategy must include conservation measures in private protected areas, such as payments for ecosystem services, in addition to publicly protected areas. In other words, post-election agendas must strengthen protection of koala habitats on private lands. (有效的考拉保护战略必须包括私人保护区的保护措施，如支付生态系统服务费，以及公共保护区。换句话说，选举后的议程必须加强对私人土地上考拉栖息地的保护。)”可推断，作者对目前的新南威尔士州考拉战略持反对的态度。故选B。
D
Given that stress can adversely affect human health and well-being, including causing high blood pressure and increasing the risk of heart disease, it is essential to understand our individual responses to stress and identify potential factors that can act as effective stress buffers (缓冲).
In the paper, which was recently published in the Journal of Psychophysiology, Brian Leavy, Brenda H. O’Connell, and Deirdre O’Shea propose that, although the previous research suggests that gratitude and affect balance play key stress-buffering roles, to date, little has been known about the impact of these variables on cardiovascular (心血管的) recovery from acute (急性的) psychological stress.
That was the focus of the study by the researchers from the Universities of Maynooth and Limerick in Ireland, who also sought to find out whether affect balance could regulate the relationship between gratitude and cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress.
The research carried out at the Irish University of Maynooth involved 68 undergraduate students (24 male and 44 female), aged between 18 and 27. This study used a within-subjects experimental design with lab tasks in which stress was put on participants and then cardiovascular reactivity and recovery in response to this was measured.
The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. It was also found that affect balance increases the effects of gratitude.
These findings have practical value as there are several low-cost gratitude methods which can contribute to well-being, including keeping a gratitude journal and practising acts of kindness. Previous research has shown how patients who make use of gratitude journals have better cardiovascular outcomes than those who do not. Another tool to help individuals express gratitude is a gratitude card, which is one of the suggestions from Mental Health America (MHA).
12. What does the underlined word “adversely” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Unfavorably. B. Creatively. C. Barely. D. Fortunately.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. A new concept. B. Result comparisons.
C. The problems of an expert’s research. D. The focus of the study.
14. Which is a finding of the research?
A. The effects of gratitude are often age-related.
B. Gratitude contributes to lower blood pressure.
C. Affect balance reduces the effects of gratitude.
D. Acute psychological stress is difficult to relieve.
15. What can we learn from the text?
A The results of the study are not reliable.
B. The methods of gratitude come at a high cost.
C. MHA’s advice is confirmed effective by the research.
D. The researchers have proposed new ways to express gratitude.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。爱尔兰梅努思大学的一项研究表明，感恩状态和情感平衡对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后“affect human health and well-being, including causing high blood pressure and increasing the risk of heart disease (影响人类健康和福祉，包括导致高血压和增加患心脏病的风险)”可推断，画线词adversely的意思是“不利地”，即压力会给人带来不利的影响。A. Unfavorably.不利地；B. Creatively.创造性地；C. Barely.仅仅；几乎；D. Fortunately.幸运地。故adversely和Unfavorably最为接近。故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the paper, which was recently published in the Journal of Psychophysiology, Brian Leavy, Brenda H. O’Connell, and Deirdre O’Shea propose that, although the previous research suggests that gratitude and affect balance play key stress-buffering roles, to date, little has been known about the impact of these variables on cardiovascular (心血管的) recovery from acute (急性的) psychological stress. (在最近发表在《心理生理学杂志》上的这篇论文中，Brian Leavy、Brenda H. O’Connell和Deirdre O’Shea提出，尽管之前的研究表明感恩和情感平衡发挥着关键的压力缓冲作用，但到目前为止，人们对这些变量对急性心理压力下心血管恢复的影响知之甚少)”可知，第二段主要讲的是研究的重点——这些变量对急性心理压力下心血管恢复的影响。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. (结果表明，在整个压力测试期间，感恩状态可以预测较低的血压反应，这意味着感恩状态对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用)”可知，研究发现感恩有助于降低血压。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. (结果表明，在整个压力测试期间，感恩状态可以预测较低的血压反应，这意味着感恩状态对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用)”及最后一段“Another tool to help individuals express gratitude is a gratitude card, which is one of the suggestions from Mental Health America (MHA). (另一个帮助个人表达感激之情的工具是感恩卡，这是美国心理健康协会（MHA）的建议之一)”可推断，美国心理健康协会提出的表达感恩的建议对于降低血压是有效的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Interpret Crossed Arms
Knowing how to interpret body language is essential to fully comprehending what someone is trying to say. But when it comes to crossed arms, how do we interpret them? Do crossed arms mean someone is angry? Afraid? Closed off? ____16____ We’ve collected a list of them below.
Stress or insecurity
When someone is feeling uncomfortable during a conversation, or when the person they are talking to says something that causes their anxiety, they may cross their arms. ____17____
Anger or defensiveness
You might see someone cross their arms when they hear something that makes them angry or upset, or when they disagree with what’s being said. ____18____ Even if someone says, “Oh, interesting, go on”, crossed arms suggest they may not really accept or agree with what they’re hearing.
Determination or arrogance (傲慢)
____19____ Crossing their arms over their chests may convey determination or arrogance. What else is their body doing? Determination or arrogance might be accompanied by bright eyes or a false smile. If you want to display power or confidence in a debate, try to avoid crossing your arms, as it may make you seem more arrogant than confident.
Practical reasons
If you’re speaking to someone and it seems like it’s going well, but then they cross their arms, don’t think too much about it. ____20____ Or perhaps they’re sitting in an armless chair and need to cross their arms to support their shoulders.
A. They may be hugging their body to keep warm.
B. There’s more than one way to interpret crossed arms.
C Mirror how the interviewer sits and don’t cross your arms.
D. Essentially, by crossing their arms, they are comforting themselves.
E. Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language.
F. You might see people engaged in a debate folding their arms to their chests.
G. Crossing their arms is a way to create a barrier between them and the speakers.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何解读双臂交叉。
【16题详解】
空前说“But when it comes to crossed arms, how do we interpret them? Do crossed arms mean someone is angry? Afraid? Closed off?(但说到双臂交叉，我们该如何理解呢？双臂交叉意味着某人生气了吗？害怕吗？封闭吗？)”，这说明解读不止一种，B选项“There’s more than one way to interpret crossed arms.(有不止一种方式来解释双臂交叉。)”说明了双臂交叉不止有一种解读方法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
空前说“When someone is feeling uncomfortable during a conversation, or when the person they are talking to says something that causes their anxiety, they may cross their arms.(当某人在谈话中感到不舒服，或者当他们交谈的人说了一些让他们焦虑的话时，他们可能会交叉双臂。)”，这说明他们双臂交叉有助于缓解他们的焦虑，起到安慰的作用，D选项“Essentially, by crossing their arms, they are comforting themselves.(从本质上讲，他们交叉双臂是在安慰自己。)”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
18题详解】
空前说“You might see someone cross their arms when they hear something that makes them angry or upset, or when they disagree with what’s being said.(你可能会看到有人在听到让他们生气或沮丧的事情时交叉双臂，或者当他们不同意别人所说的话时。)”，空格处要解释双臂交叉在这种情况下所起的作用，G选项“Crossing their arms is a way to create a barrier between them and the speakers.(交叉双臂是在他们和说话者之间制造障碍的一种方式。)”诠释了双臂交叉的作用，符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
空后说“Crossing their arms over their chests may convey determination or arrogance.(双臂交叉在胸前可能传达出决心或傲慢。)”，空格处应该说明什么时候会看到人用双臂交叉来传达决心，F选项“You might see people engaged in a debate folding their arms to their chests.(你可能会看到人们在辩论中把手臂放在胸前。)”说明了用双臂交叉来传达决心的场景，且句式和上一段的“You might see...”一致，因此符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“If you’re speaking to someone and it seems like it’s going well, but then they cross their arms, don’t think too much about it.(如果你正在和某人说话，看起来很顺利，但后来他们交叉着手臂，不要想太多。)”，空格处应该说他们实际上是什么意思，A选项“They may be hugging their body to keep warm.(他们可能会抱着自己的身体来保暖。)”说明了他们只是在保暖，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Teaching is not an easy job. Aside from ____21____ kids, they also need to try their best to make a difference in every child.
Great teachers have the ability to ____22____ students in ways others can’t. They help ____23____ their students’ eyes, ____24____ them things that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible”.
As a former parole officer (假释官), Marilyn had witnessed many ____25____ life circumstances that children were experiencing as a result of their ____26____ being in prison. That is why she felt the ____27____ to change her career and life paths.
In January, 2000, Marilyn ____28____ the “Healing the Child Within” program for children whose parents are in prison at M.B. Smiley High School in Houston, Texas. In addition, she created the program “No More Victims” in Houston, which is an hour-long class that ____29____ creating a safer school environment and reducing crime and drug abuse on _____30_____.
Over the years, Marilyn has saved hundreds of lives as she has _____31_____ confidence in her students and empowered them to turn their _____32_____ around. Many of her students recognize Marilyn as the _____33_____ that appeared at the right moment and changed their lives for the _____34_____. There have been many special feature stories about her work. Furthermore, in 2005 Gambrell’s story “Fighting the Odds” became a movie on the Lifetime TV network. Even today, she still continues to guide new _____35_____ towards success.
21. A. criticizing B. educating C. examining D. dominating
22. A. advertise B. restrict C. abandon D. inspire
23. A. open B. close C. roll D. hurt
24. A. buy B. show C. award D. choose
25. A. realistic B. primitive C. painful D. influential
26. A. parents B. sisters C. brothers D. grandparents
27. A. energy B. need C. atmosphere D. luck
28. A. removed B. viewed C. downloaded D. started
29. A. gave up B. focused on C. referred to D. belonged to
30. A. screens B. shore C. menus D. campus
31. A. improved B. lost C. shaken D. lacked
32. A. cars B. heads C. lives D. relationships
33. A. force B. barrier C. response D. diversity
34. A. harder B. longer C. better D. poorer
35. A. companies B. women C. technologies D. generations
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了优秀教师Marilyn用自己独特的方式激励那些因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的学生，赋予他们扭转生活的力量。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了教育孩子，他们还需要尽最大努力让每个孩子都有所不同。A. criticizing批评；B. educating教育；C. examining检查；D. dominating主导。根据上文“Teaching is not an easy job.”可知，除了教育孩子，教师还需要尽最大努力让每个孩子都有所不同。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：优秀的老师有能力以其他人无法做到的方式激励学生。A. advertise为……打广告；B. restrict限制；C. abandon抛弃；D. inspire激发，鼓舞。根据下文“They help ____3____ their students’ eyes, ____4____ them things that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible”.”可知，好老师有能力以别人无法做到的方式激励学生。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助学生打开眼界，向他们展示他们自己看不到的东西，并克服被认为“不可能”的事情。A. open打开；B. close关闭；C. roll滚动；D. hurt伤害。根据下文“they couldn’t see themselves”可知，此处指让学生打开眼界，看他们自己看不到的东西。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. buy买；B. show展示；C. award奖励；D. choose选择。根据下文“that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible””可知，优秀的老师向学生展示他们自己看不到的东西。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前假释官，Marilyn目睹了孩子们因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的生活环境。A. realistic现实的；B. primitive原始的；C. painful痛苦的；D. influential有影响力的。根据下文“as a result of their ____6____ being in prison”可知，Marilyn目睹了孩子们因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的生活环境。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. parents父母；B. sisters姐妹；C. brothers兄弟；D. grandparents祖父母。根据下文“whose parents are in prison”可知，孩子们的父母入狱。故选A。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么她觉得有必要改变自己的职业和生活道路。A. energy能量；B. need需求，必要；C. atmosphere气氛；D. luck运气。根据下文“In January, 2000, Marilyn ____8____ the “Healing the Child Within” program for children whose parents are in prison at M.B. Smiley High School in Houston, Texas.”可知，她觉得有必要改变她的职业和生活道路。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年1月，Marilyn在德克萨斯州休斯顿的M.B.Smiley高中为父母入狱的孩子们启动了“治愈内心的孩子”计划。A. removed移除；B. viewed看待；C. downloaded下载；D. started开始，发动，启动。根据下文“she created the program”可知，Marilyn启动了“治愈内心的孩子”计划。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，她还在休斯顿创建了“不再有受害者”项目，这是一个长达一小时的课程，重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用。A. gave up放弃；B. focused on关注；C. referred to涉及，参考；D. belonged to属于。根据句意可知，这个课程的重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用，即关注校园安全。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. screens屏幕；B. shore海岸；C. menus菜单；D. campus校园。根据上文“creating a safer school environment”可知，这个课程重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，Marilyn已经拯救了数百条生命，因为她提高了学生的信心，并赋予他们改变生活的力量。A. improved改善，提高；B. lost失去；C. shaken摇动；D. lacked缺乏。根据下文“empowered them to turn their ____12____ around”可知，Marilyn提高了对学生的信心。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cars汽车；B. heads脑袋；C. lives生活；D. relationships关系。根据下文“changed their lives for the ____14____”可知，Marilyn赋予他们改变生活的力量。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都认识到玛丽莲是在正确的时刻出现的力量，并使他们的生活变得更好。A. force力量；B. barrier屏障；障碍；C. response回应；D. diversity多样化。根据句意可知，她帮助学生提高信心，并赋予他们改变生活的力量，因此许多学生都认为Marilyn是一种适时出现的力量。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. harder更难的；B. longer更长的；C. better更好的；D. poorer更贫穷的。change sth. for thebetter是固定短语，意为“变得更好”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她仍在继续引导新一代走向成功。A. companies公司；B. women妇女；C. technologies技术；D. generations代；辈。根据句意可知，直到今天，她仍在继续引导新生代(generations)走向成功。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the traditional Chinese calendar, for every 19 years there will be seven leap months(闰月). “Leap month” refers to a repetitive month.
The setting of leap month is a way to fill the gap of days between the solar calendar and lunar calendar in one year, ____36____ is 11 or 12 days, so as to make sure the four seasons ____37____ (basic) fit the months. The first three months of the year should be spring, the next three should be summer, then autumn and the last three months should be winter.
There are some traditions and customs during leap month in China, which ____38____ (be) varied in different places. As the leap month is around ____39____ corner, many people have prepared gifts for their parents.
In some parts of Central China’s Henan province, daughters will prepare wild goose-shaped pastries(点心)for their parents before the leap month comes, wishing for good ____40____ (fortunate).
In some parts of East China’s Shandong province, the ____41____ (marry) women, along with their husbands, will send dough-made fish and toad(蟾蜍)to their parents, which symbolize “wealth” and “health” respectively. Besides, it ____42____ (say) that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
In some places, people have the tradition of buying shoes for their parents ____43____ (reward) their father and ____44____ (mother) efforts of bringing them _____45_____, and pray for the health and safety of their parents.
【答案】36. which
37. basically
38. are 39. the
40. fortune
41. married
42. is said
43. to reward
44. mother’s
45. up
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的闰月，以及闰月的传统和习俗。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：闰月的设置是为了填补一年中阳历和农历之间的天数差距，即11或12天，以确保四季基本与月份相适应。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非限定性定语从句的引导词。先行词是the gap，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。basic的副词形式为basically。故填basically。
【38题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的闰月有一些传统和习俗，不同的地方有不同的习俗。分析句子可知，空格处在定语从句中作谓语。根据句中There are some traditions and customs可知，此处应用一般现在时态，且先行词指代traditions and customs，为复数，故谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：由于闰月即将到来，许多人都为父母准备了礼物。around the corner是固定短语，意为“即将到来”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国中部河南省的一些地区，女儿们会在闰月到来之前为父母准备鹅形糕点，祈求好运。根据空格前的介词for可知，此处应填名词与作宾语，fortunate的名词形式为fortune。故填fortune。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，已婚妇女和丈夫会把面团做成的鱼和蟾蜍送给父母，这两种鱼和蟾蜍分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。marry的形容词形式为married，意为“已婚的”。故填married。
【42题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，据说面鱼是给母亲吃的，面蟾蜍是给父亲吃的。it is said that…是固定句型，意为“据说……”。故填is said。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在一些地方，人们有为父母买鞋的传统，以报答父母的养育之恩，并为父母的健康和安全祈祷。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to reward。
【44题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：同上。根据空后名词efforts可知，此处应用名词所有格形式。故填mother’s。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：同上。根据句意，此处指“养育”，应用短语bring up，意为“养育；抚养”。故填up。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周六上午举行汉语诗歌创作大赛。请你给英国友人Louis写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 比赛的时间和地点;
2. 比赛的目的和意义;
3. 报名方法。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Louis.
Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition, which will be held in our school hall from 9 am to 11 am next Saturday.
The aim of the activity is to arouse our enthusiasm for Chinese traditional culture. Hopefully, by creating Chinese poems, we can have a better understanding of the brilliance of China’s ancient culture.
If you are interested, please sign up for it on our school website before next Friday. I am sure you’ll have great fun and benefit a lot.
Yours.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国友人Louis写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校下周六上午举行的汉语诗歌创作大赛。内容包括：
1. 比赛的时间和地点；
2. 比赛的目的和意义；
3. 报名方法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：enjoy→be fond of
参加：take part in →participate in
比赛：competition→contest
相信的：sure→convinced
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition.
拓展句：Because I know that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition, which will be held in our school hall from 9 am to 11 am next Saturday.（运用了现在分词作状语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you are interested, please sign up for it on our school website before next Friday.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jimmy loved ice cream. It was his favorite dessert (甜点). He wanted to eat ice cream all the time. His parents let him have a small dish each night after dinner, if he ate all of his vegetables.
Jimmy liked eating ice cream at home, but he really loved going to the ice cream stand to get an ice cream. There were so many different flavors to try! Jimmy always did his best to try a new kind of ice cream each time.
When Jimmy turned eight, he had a checkup at the doctor’s office. Dr. Katz said that ice cream wasn’t a very healthy snack. “It’s fine to have a little ice cream once in a while, but not every night,” she said.
After the doctor’s visit, Jimmy and his mom drove home. “Can I still have ice cream for dessert tonight?” Jimmy asked.” I don’t think so, honey,” Mom said, “We should try to be healthier.”
That night at supper, Jimmy ate all his vegetables. But there was no ice cream for dessert. Instead, Mom came up with a new rule that Jimmy could have ice cream once a week. “But if you want to eat ice cream, you’ll have to earn it by walking to the ice cream stand,” she said.
According to the map, the ice cream stand was a mile away. Jimmy was willing to give it a try, so they decided to take their walk on Saturday afternoon. It was a hot and sunny day. Jimmy began to feel sweaty when he walked just a few hundred meters. The sun was so bright that he had to look with his eyes partly shut in order to keep out bright light.
Jimmy kicked a pebble (鹅卵石) and watched it roll into a river on the street. “I’m hot,” said Jimmy, “How much farther is it?” Mom checked the map on her phone. “We’re not even halfway yet. Do you want to turn around?”
注意：l. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jimmy did want to turn around, but he also wanted ice cream.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was about to quit.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Jimmy did want to turn around, but he also wanted ice cream. Walking was the only way to get it. Jimmy and Mom crossed several streets. Then they passed his school and the playground with the tire swings. Soon they were in a part of the town that Jimmy didn’t recognize. The sun beat down so strongly that even Mom was sweating. Jimmy’s legs also felt heavy. He wanted to sit down, but there were no benches in sight. There are a few trees. However, they didn’t do much to shade the sidewalk.
He was about to quit. Looking up and ready to tell his mom he wanted to turn around, Jimmy saw the purple flag at the top of the ice cream stand. They were almost there! Jimmy felt motivated so he started to walk faster. He could almost taste the cool and creamy ice cream already. Although it was a long walk, it was definitely worth the trip.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了吉米很爱吃冰淇淋，妈妈告诉他如果想吃冰淇淋，你必须走到冰淇淋摊才能吃到。于是，在一个炎热晴朗的日子，吉米和妈妈顶着烈日向冰淇淋店走去。几米很想放弃，但是想到马上可以吃的冰淇淋，他就有了动力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“吉米确实想转身，但他也想要冰淇淋。”可知，第一段可描写吉米和妈妈冒着酷暑一起走路的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“他正要放弃。”可知，第二段可描写吉米正要放弃时，突然看到冰淇淋店的旗帜，于是有了动力。
2.续写线索：走路——筋疲力尽——想放弃——看到旗帜——找到动力——坚持
3.词汇激活
行为类
①认出：recognize /make out
②看见：see/catch sight of
③加速：walk faster /speed up
情绪类
①有动力的：motivated /full of motivation
②高兴的：joyful/delighted
【点睛】
[高分句型1]The sun beat down so strongly that even Mom was sweating.（运用了so…that…句型）
[高分句型2]Looking up and ready to tell his mom he wanted to turn around, Jimmy saw the purple flag at the top of the ice cream stand.（运用了现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1~5 CBBCB 6~10 BAACA 11~15 BBACA 16~20 ACCBC
2022~2023学年度第二学期高二期中联考
英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. On a bus. B. At a subway station. C. At a bus station.
2. Why did the man play badly in the tennis match?
A. He didn’t eat enough food.
B. He had too little sleep the night before.
C. He felt thirsty during the competition.
3. At what time does the yoga class end?
A. 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 7:15.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An old film. B. An actor. C. A novel.
5. What does the woman think of her new neighbors?
A. They are noisy. B. They are untidy. C. They are unfriendly.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long is Mabel’s Cafe open?
A. For 7 hours. B. For 9 hours. C. For 10 hours.
7. What do we know about Mabel’s Cafe?
A. It serves coffee and sweet food.
B. It doesn’t take any reservations.
C. It is far from Pyramids Mexican Restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the man?
A. A news reporter. B. An editor. C. A short story writer.
9. What does the man say about his job?
A. He has to attend more meetings.
B. He works more slowly than he used to.
C. He has more space to express his ideas.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Boss and secretary. C. Father and daughter.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think is wrong with her at first?
A. She has a headache. B. She has an earache. C. She has a toothache.
12. What will the woman do at once?
A. Stop taking medicine.
B. Make a dentist appointment.
C. Write down her problems on paper.
13. What does the man tell the woman?
A. Where to get the medicine.
B. How to make an appointment.
C. When to have her tooth checked.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where will the girl go on Saturday?
A. A cinema, B. A restaurant. C. Tom’s house.
15. When does the movie start?
A. At 7:15. B. At 8:00. C. At 12:30.
16. What is the girl going to do next?
A. Call Jane. B. Study at home. C. Eat some food.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the first attraction the speaker visited in London?
A. Buckingham Palace. B. Churchill War Rooms. C. The Britain at War Experience.
18. What did the speaker do in St. James’s Park?
A. He went boating on the lake.
B. He took photos of the scenery.
C. He spent some time on a bridge.
19. Where is Buckingham Palace?
A. In Tooley Street. B. Near Green Park. C. At London Bridge main-line station.
20. How did the speaker pay for the Britain at War Experience and Churchill War Rooms?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. With supermarket reward bills.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Peaks of the Balkans
Join us for the adventure through the Accursed Mountain Range. The journey’s unmatched beauty, undiscovered rawness and welcoming locals will leave you feeling relaxed and fulfilled. This hike previously won the World Travel &. Tourism Award and is one of the most beautiful hiking trails(小径)in the world.
PACKAGE INCLUDES
● Accommodation in Montenegrin and Albanian guest houses
Where we stay is what makes this tour special. We have built amazing relationships with the locals on the trail who essentially welcome you into their home. They treat you like family and serve you food and drink that only your grandmother could.
Rooms are shared, but private rooms can be requested for an additional cost.
● Local guide
Emir is a guide with a great passion and knowledge of the Accursed Mountain Range. He speaks fluent English, Serbo-Croatian and broken Spanish.
● What to eat
Breakfast, lunch and dinner are provided during days 2~8. Meals on the trail will be traditional local cuisine. Please make any dietary restrictions known and we will gladly cater (迎合) to you. Days 1 and 9 are arrival and departure days. Only dinner will be served on day 1 and breakfast on day 9.
MORE INFORMATION
● When
The dates are fixed for open groups. Additional dates can be requested for private groups.
● How much it is
$950 (All inclusive)
● How to book
Fill out your contact information and tell us a little bit about yourselves. Feel free to ask any questions and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible.
1. What makes the trip to Peaks of the Balkans special?
A. The time. B. The convenience.
C. The price. D. The accommodation.
2. How many meals are provided on the tour?
A. 27. B. 23. C. 9. D. 8.
3. What is the text?
A. A diary entry. B. A notice.
C. A travel advertisement. D. A book review.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了巴尔干半岛Accursed山脉徒步旅行的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Accommodation in Montenegrin and Albanian guest houses部分“Where we stay is what makes this tour special. (我们住的地方使这次旅行与众不同)”可知，住宿使巴尔干之旅变得特别。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据What to eat部分“Breakfast, lunch and dinner are provided during days 2~8…Days 1 and 9 are arrival and departure days. Only dinner will be served on day 1 and breakfast on day 9. (第2~8天提供早餐、午餐和晚餐……第1天和第9天是抵达和出发日。第一天只供应晚餐，第九天供应早餐)”可知，这次旅游会提供3×7+2=23份餐食。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据How to book部分“Fill out your contact information and tell us a little bit about yourselves. Feel free to ask any questions and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible. (填写您的联系方式，并告诉我们一些关于您自己的信息。请随时提出任何问题，我们会尽快回复您)”可推断，本文是一篇旅游广告。故选C。
B
Mariah Galloway has observed her mother and other family members driving a car so many times. She knew just what to do when she was involved in a scary incident right in her own driveway. The trouble began one day when the 8-year-old’s great-grandmother, Patricia Lynch, picked her up from school and brought her home.
Patricia had done this many times, but on this day, a moment of inattention nearly turned deadly. While Mariah was still in the car, the 79-year-old accidentally put her car in the wrong gear (档位).
“She thought her car was in park but it was in reverse (倒车),” Mariah said. “It started moving. She tried to stop it but she fell. The tire went over her foot.”
Mariah immediately knew what to do. She jumped into the front seat and quickly pulled the keys from the ignition (点火装置), stopping the car in its tracks. With Patricia’s leg trapped under the car’s front left wheel, Mariah rushed to the house to get help.
Mariah’s mom, Porchia Lane, came running, calling an ambulance when she realized what had happened. Somehow Patricia was able to pull herself out from under the car’s tire, but her leg was badly injured and bleeding heavily. “Mariah went to take a towel. We wrapped Patricia’s leg up and caught the ambulance,” Porchia recalled, “She really thought fast.”
Patricia is now recovering at Trinity Health Oakland Hospital, and Mariah is being called a hero for her quick thinking. Even though the child admitted she felt scared during the accident, she managed to keep a cool head and avoided further tragedy.
Porchia is left to count her lucky stars that her daughter was watching her while she drove. “She was able to think fast and she probably was calmer than me in this situation because I would have been crazy,” she tells other parents. “I just told Mariah to follow her heart and make right decisions.”
4. How did Mariah Galloway know what to do in the terrible incident?
A. Her school had just started relevant courses.
B. Her mother taught her to drive at an early age.
C. She watched family members drive a lot of times.
D She drove the family car secretly more than once.
5. What did Mariah Galloway do at first when spotting the danger?
A. She called her mother for help. B. She managed to stop the car.
C. She jumped out of the car to help. D. She drove the car off by herself.
6. How does Porchia Lane feel about her daughter?
A. Relieved and proud. B. Surprised and confused.
C. Worried and regretful. D. Annoyed and doubtful.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Educating Children Needs Many Skills
B. Not All Kids Were Paying Attention to You
C. A Girl Is Always Ready to Help Strangers
D. A Little Girl Rescued Her Great-grandmother
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。8岁女孩Mariah Galloway多次观察到她的母亲和其他家庭成员开车。本文主要讲述了Mariah冷静地救了把车挂错档的曾祖母的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mariah Galloway has observed her mother and other family members driving a car so many times. She knew just what to do when she was involved in a scary incident right in her own driveway. (Mariah Galloway多次观察到她的母亲和其他家庭成员开车。当她在自己的车道上卷入一起可怕的事件时，她知道该怎么办)”可知，Mariah Galloway是通过观察家人如何开车后才知道在这起可怕的事件中该怎么做的。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“She jumped into the front seat and quickly pulled the keys from the ignition (点火装置), stopping the car in its tracks.(她跳到前排座位上，迅速拔出点火开关上的钥匙，使汽车停在轨道上)”可知，Mariah Galloway意识到危险后首先做的是停车。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“ “She was able to think fast and she probably was calmer than me in this situation because I would have been crazy,” she tells other parents. “I just told Mariah to follow her heart and make right decisions.” (“在这种情况下，她能够快速思考，可能比我更冷静，因为我会疯掉的，”她告诉其他父母。“我只是告诉玛丽亚要遵从她的内心，做出正确的决定。”)”可推知，对于她的女儿，Porchia Lane感到既安心又骄傲。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是一个小女孩救了她的曾祖母的故事。由此可知，D项“A Little Girl Rescued Her Great-grandmother (一个小女孩救了她的曾祖母)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
C
Australia recently declared the koala an endangered species in Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory, and New South Wales (NSW) because of its obvious population decline. In the state of NSW, koala conservation has become a key topic of discussion in the lead-up to the 25 March state election. However, the debate has focused on the expansion of protected areas and ignored the importance of koala conservation on private lands.
The major cause of the koala’s decline—in addition to climate change, wildfires, disease, and encounters with vehicles and dogs—is the loss and degradation(退化)of suitable habitat. In response, the NSW Government has expanded publicly protected areas in the state. Over the past 20 years—about three koala generations—NSW has officially confirmed an additional 1.5 million hectares(公顷)of protected land, some of which is high-quality koala habitat.
However, across Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and NSW, 77% of the koala’s range is located on land that is owned or rented by private citizens or businesses, where degradation continues. Between 2003 and 2020, agriculture, forestry and infrastructure(基础设施)development have led to the act of cutting down or burning the trees within 760,500 hectare in NSW, including in regions such as the Cumberland Plain and Liverpool Plains, where koalas are known to live. Such development has reduced the gains made through new protected areas.
The current NSW Koala Strategy adopts a free approach without any restrictions, which leaves private landowners, renters and industry have the power to decide what should be done in much of koala habitat conservation.
An effective koala conservation strategy must include conservation measures in private protected areas, such as payments for ecosystem services, in addition to publicly protected areas. In other words, post-election agendas must strengthen protection of koala habitats on private lands.
8. What did the discussion before the state election fail to notice?
A. The voice of local citizens. B. The expansion of protected areas.
C. The decrease of koala population. D. The koala conservation on private lands.
9. The decrease in the number of koalas is due to ______.
A. the attack of diseases B. the spreading wildfires
C. the worsening of living environment D. the constant threats from climate change
10. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A. Add some background information. B. Summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. Introduce a new topic for discussion. D. Offer some advice for the government.
11. What’s the author’s attitude to the present NSW Koala Strategy?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving.
C. Tolerant. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚最近宣布考拉为昆士兰、澳大利亚首都领地和新南威尔士州的濒危物种，因为其数量明显下降。本文主要讲了在私人土地上保护考拉的重要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the debate has focused on the expansion of protected areas and ignored the importance of koala conservation on private lands. (然而，争论的焦点是保护区的扩大，而忽视了在私人土地上保护考拉的重要性。)”可知，州选举前的讨论没有注意到在私人土地上保护考拉。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The major cause of the koala’s decline—in addition to climate change, wildfires, disease, and encounters with vehicles and dogs—is the loss and degradation(退化)of suitable habitat. (除了气候变化、野火、疾病以及与车辆和狗的接触之外，考拉数量减少的主要原因是合适栖息地的丧失和退化。)”可推断，考拉数量减少的原因是生存环境的恶化（包括气候、野火等）。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段，尤其是“However, across Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and NSW, 77% of the koala’s range is located on land that is owned or rented by private citizens or businesses, where degradation continues。(然而，在昆士兰州、澳大利亚首都领地和新南威尔士州，77%的考拉分布在私人公民或企业拥有或租赁的土地上，退化仍在继续。)”可推断，本段主要是提供一些背景知识，即私人土地上对于考拉保护的现状。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The current NSW Koala Strategy adopts a free approach without any restrictions, which leaves private landowners, renters and industry have the power to decide what should be done in much of koala habitat conservation. (目前的新南威尔士州考拉战略采取了一种没有任何限制的自由方式，这使得私人土地所有者、租房者和行业有权决定在大部分考拉栖息地保护中应该做什么。)”以及最后一段“An effective koala conservation strategy must include conservation measures in private protected areas, such as payments for ecosystem services, in addition to publicly protected areas. In other words, post-election agendas must strengthen protection of koala habitats on private lands. (有效的考拉保护战略必须包括私人保护区的保护措施，如支付生态系统服务费，以及公共保护区。换句话说，选举后的议程必须加强对私人土地上考拉栖息地的保护。)”可推断，作者对目前的新南威尔士州考拉战略持反对的态度。故选B。
D
Given that stress can adversely affect human health and well-being, including causing high blood pressure and increasing the risk of heart disease, it is essential to understand our individual responses to stress and identify potential factors that can act as effective stress buffers (缓冲).
In the paper, which was recently published in the Journal of Psychophysiology, Brian Leavy, Brenda H. O’Connell, and Deirdre O’Shea propose that, although the previous research suggests that gratitude and affect balance play key stress-buffering roles, to date, little has been known about the impact of these variables on cardiovascular (心血管的) recovery from acute (急性的) psychological stress.
That was the focus of the study by the researchers from the Universities of Maynooth and Limerick in Ireland, who also sought to find out whether affect balance could regulate the relationship between gratitude and cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress.
The research carried out at the Irish University of Maynooth involved 68 undergraduate students (24 male and 44 female), aged between 18 and 27. This study used a within-subjects experimental design with lab tasks in which stress was put on participants and then cardiovascular reactivity and recovery in response to this was measured.
The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. It was also found that affect balance increases the effects of gratitude.
These findings have practical value as there are several low-cost gratitude methods which can contribute to well-being, including keeping a gratitude journal and practising acts of kindness. Previous research has shown how patients who make use of gratitude journals have better cardiovascular outcomes than those who do not. Another tool to help individuals express gratitude is a gratitude card, which is one of the suggestions from Mental Health America (MHA).
12. What does the underlined word “adversely” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Unfavorably. B. Creatively. C. Barely. D. Fortunately.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. A new concept. B. Result comparisons.
C. The problems of an expert’s research. D. The focus of the study.
14. Which is a finding of the research?
A. The effects of gratitude are often age-related.
B. Gratitude contributes to lower blood pressure.
C. Affect balance reduces the effects of gratitude.
D. Acute psychological stress is difficult to relieve.
15. What can we learn from the text?
A The results of the study are not reliable.
B. The methods of gratitude come at a high cost.
C. MHA’s advice is confirmed effective by the research.
D. The researchers have proposed new ways to express gratitude.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。爱尔兰梅努思大学的一项研究表明，感恩状态和情感平衡对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后“affect human health and well-being, including causing high blood pressure and increasing the risk of heart disease (影响人类健康和福祉，包括导致高血压和增加患心脏病的风险)”可推断，画线词adversely的意思是“不利地”，即压力会给人带来不利的影响。A. Unfavorably.不利地；B. Creatively.创造性地；C. Barely.仅仅；几乎；D. Fortunately.幸运地。故adversely和Unfavorably最为接近。故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In the paper, which was recently published in the Journal of Psychophysiology, Brian Leavy, Brenda H. O’Connell, and Deirdre O’Shea propose that, although the previous research suggests that gratitude and affect balance play key stress-buffering roles, to date, little has been known about the impact of these variables on cardiovascular (心血管的) recovery from acute (急性的) psychological stress. (在最近发表在《心理生理学杂志》上的这篇论文中，Brian Leavy、Brenda H. O’Connell和Deirdre O’Shea提出，尽管之前的研究表明感恩和情感平衡发挥着关键的压力缓冲作用，但到目前为止，人们对这些变量对急性心理压力下心血管恢复的影响知之甚少)”可知，第二段主要讲的是研究的重点——这些变量对急性心理压力下心血管恢复的影响。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. (结果表明，在整个压力测试期间，感恩状态可以预测较低的血压反应，这意味着感恩状态对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用)”可知，研究发现感恩有助于降低血压。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段The results showed that the state of gratitude predicted lower blood pressure responses throughout the stress-testing period, which means that the state of gratitude has a unique stress-buffering effect on both reactions to and recovery from acute psychological stress. (结果表明，在整个压力测试期间，感恩状态可以预测较低的血压反应，这意味着感恩状态对急性心理压力的反应和恢复都有独特的压力缓冲作用)”及最后一段“Another tool to help individuals express gratitude is a gratitude card, which is one of the suggestions from Mental Health America (MHA). (另一个帮助个人表达感激之情的工具是感恩卡，这是美国心理健康协会（MHA）的建议之一)”可推断，美国心理健康协会提出的表达感恩的建议对于降低血压是有效的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Interpret Crossed Arms
Knowing how to interpret body language is essential to fully comprehending what someone is trying to say. But when it comes to crossed arms, how do we interpret them? Do crossed arms mean someone is angry? Afraid? Closed off? ____16____ We’ve collected a list of them below.
Stress or insecurity
When someone is feeling uncomfortable during a conversation, or when the person they are talking to says something that causes their anxiety, they may cross their arms. ____17____
Anger or defensiveness
You might see someone cross their arms when they hear something that makes them angry or upset, or when they disagree with what’s being said. ____18____ Even if someone says, “Oh, interesting, go on”, crossed arms suggest they may not really accept or agree with what they’re hearing.
Determination or arrogance (傲慢)
____19____ Crossing their arms over their chests may convey determination or arrogance. What else is their body doing? Determination or arrogance might be accompanied by bright eyes or a false smile. If you want to display power or confidence in a debate, try to avoid crossing your arms, as it may make you seem more arrogant than confident.
Practical reasons
If you’re speaking to someone and it seems like it’s going well, but then they cross their arms, don’t think too much about it. ____20____ Or perhaps they’re sitting in an armless chair and need to cross their arms to support their shoulders.
A. They may be hugging their body to keep warm.
B. There’s more than one way to interpret crossed arms.
C Mirror how the interviewer sits and don’t cross your arms.
D. Essentially, by crossing their arms, they are comforting themselves.
E. Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language.
F. You might see people engaged in a debate folding their arms to their chests.
G. Crossing their arms is a way to create a barrier between them and the speakers.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何解读双臂交叉。
【16题详解】
空前说“But when it comes to crossed arms, how do we interpret them? Do crossed arms mean someone is angry? Afraid? Closed off?(但说到双臂交叉，我们该如何理解呢？双臂交叉意味着某人生气了吗？害怕吗？封闭吗？)”，这说明解读不止一种，B选项“There’s more than one way to interpret crossed arms.(有不止一种方式来解释双臂交叉。)”说明了双臂交叉不止有一种解读方法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
空前说“When someone is feeling uncomfortable during a conversation, or when the person they are talking to says something that causes their anxiety, they may cross their arms.(当某人在谈话中感到不舒服，或者当他们交谈的人说了一些让他们焦虑的话时，他们可能会交叉双臂。)”，这说明他们双臂交叉有助于缓解他们的焦虑，起到安慰的作用，D选项“Essentially, by crossing their arms, they are comforting themselves.(从本质上讲，他们交叉双臂是在安慰自己。)”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
18题详解】
空前说“You might see someone cross their arms when they hear something that makes them angry or upset, or when they disagree with what’s being said.(你可能会看到有人在听到让他们生气或沮丧的事情时交叉双臂，或者当他们不同意别人所说的话时。)”，空格处要解释双臂交叉在这种情况下所起的作用，G选项“Crossing their arms is a way to create a barrier between them and the speakers.(交叉双臂是在他们和说话者之间制造障碍的一种方式。)”诠释了双臂交叉的作用，符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
空后说“Crossing their arms over their chests may convey determination or arrogance.(双臂交叉在胸前可能传达出决心或傲慢。)”，空格处应该说明什么时候会看到人用双臂交叉来传达决心，F选项“You might see people engaged in a debate folding their arms to their chests.(你可能会看到人们在辩论中把手臂放在胸前。)”说明了用双臂交叉来传达决心的场景，且句式和上一段的“You might see...”一致，因此符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
空前说“If you’re speaking to someone and it seems like it’s going well, but then they cross their arms, don’t think too much about it.(如果你正在和某人说话，看起来很顺利，但后来他们交叉着手臂，不要想太多。)”，空格处应该说他们实际上是什么意思，A选项“They may be hugging their body to keep warm.(他们可能会抱着自己的身体来保暖。)”说明了他们只是在保暖，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Teaching is not an easy job. Aside from ____21____ kids, they also need to try their best to make a difference in every child.
Great teachers have the ability to ____22____ students in ways others can’t. They help ____23____ their students’ eyes, ____24____ them things that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible”.
As a former parole officer (假释官), Marilyn had witnessed many ____25____ life circumstances that children were experiencing as a result of their ____26____ being in prison. That is why she felt the ____27____ to change her career and life paths.
In January, 2000, Marilyn ____28____ the “Healing the Child Within” program for children whose parents are in prison at M.B. Smiley High School in Houston, Texas. In addition, she created the program “No More Victims” in Houston, which is an hour-long class that ____29____ creating a safer school environment and reducing crime and drug abuse on _____30_____.
Over the years, Marilyn has saved hundreds of lives as she has _____31_____ confidence in her students and empowered them to turn their _____32_____ around. Many of her students recognize Marilyn as the _____33_____ that appeared at the right moment and changed their lives for the _____34_____. There have been many special feature stories about her work. Furthermore, in 2005 Gambrell’s story “Fighting the Odds” became a movie on the Lifetime TV network. Even today, she still continues to guide new _____35_____ towards success.
21. A. criticizing B. educating C. examining D. dominating
22. A. advertise B. restrict C. abandon D. inspire
23. A. open B. close C. roll D. hurt
24. A. buy B. show C. award D. choose
25. A. realistic B. primitive C. painful D. influential
26. A. parents B. sisters C. brothers D. grandparents
27. A. energy B. need C. atmosphere D. luck
28. A. removed B. viewed C. downloaded D. started
29. A. gave up B. focused on C. referred to D. belonged to
30. A. screens B. shore C. menus D. campus
31. A. improved B. lost C. shaken D. lacked
32. A. cars B. heads C. lives D. relationships
33. A. force B. barrier C. response D. diversity
34. A. harder B. longer C. better D. poorer
35. A. companies B. women C. technologies D. generations
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了优秀教师Marilyn用自己独特的方式激励那些因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的学生，赋予他们扭转生活的力量。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了教育孩子，他们还需要尽最大努力让每个孩子都有所不同。A. criticizing批评；B. educating教育；C. examining检查；D. dominating主导。根据上文“Teaching is not an easy job.”可知，除了教育孩子，教师还需要尽最大努力让每个孩子都有所不同。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：优秀的老师有能力以其他人无法做到的方式激励学生。A. advertise为……打广告；B. restrict限制；C. abandon抛弃；D. inspire激发，鼓舞。根据下文“They help ____3____ their students’ eyes, ____4____ them things that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible”.”可知，好老师有能力以别人无法做到的方式激励学生。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助学生打开眼界，向他们展示他们自己看不到的东西，并克服被认为“不可能”的事情。A. open打开；B. close关闭；C. roll滚动；D. hurt伤害。根据下文“they couldn’t see themselves”可知，此处指让学生打开眼界，看他们自己看不到的东西。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. buy买；B. show展示；C. award奖励；D. choose选择。根据下文“that they couldn’t see themselves, and move past what is considered “impossible””可知，优秀的老师向学生展示他们自己看不到的东西。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前假释官，Marilyn目睹了孩子们因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的生活环境。A. realistic现实的；B. primitive原始的；C. painful痛苦的；D. influential有影响力的。根据下文“as a result of their ____6____ being in prison”可知，Marilyn目睹了孩子们因父母入狱而经历的许多痛苦的生活环境。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. parents父母；B. sisters姐妹；C. brothers兄弟；D. grandparents祖父母。根据下文“whose parents are in prison”可知，孩子们的父母入狱。故选A。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么她觉得有必要改变自己的职业和生活道路。A. energy能量；B. need需求，必要；C. atmosphere气氛；D. luck运气。根据下文“In January, 2000, Marilyn ____8____ the “Healing the Child Within” program for children whose parents are in prison at M.B. Smiley High School in Houston, Texas.”可知，她觉得有必要改变她的职业和生活道路。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年1月，Marilyn在德克萨斯州休斯顿的M.B.Smiley高中为父母入狱的孩子们启动了“治愈内心的孩子”计划。A. removed移除；B. viewed看待；C. downloaded下载；D. started开始，发动，启动。根据下文“she created the program”可知，Marilyn启动了“治愈内心的孩子”计划。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，她还在休斯顿创建了“不再有受害者”项目，这是一个长达一小时的课程，重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用。A. gave up放弃；B. focused on关注；C. referred to涉及，参考；D. belonged to属于。根据句意可知，这个课程的重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用，即关注校园安全。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. screens屏幕；B. shore海岸；C. menus菜单；D. campus校园。根据上文“creating a safer school environment”可知，这个课程重点是创造一个更安全的学校环境，减少校园犯罪和药物滥用。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，Marilyn已经拯救了数百条生命，因为她提高了学生的信心，并赋予他们改变生活的力量。A. improved改善，提高；B. lost失去；C. shaken摇动；D. lacked缺乏。根据下文“empowered them to turn their ____12____ around”可知，Marilyn提高了对学生的信心。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cars汽车；B. heads脑袋；C. lives生活；D. relationships关系。根据下文“changed their lives for the ____14____”可知，Marilyn赋予他们改变生活的力量。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都认识到玛丽莲是在正确的时刻出现的力量，并使他们的生活变得更好。A. force力量；B. barrier屏障；障碍；C. response回应；D. diversity多样化。根据句意可知，她帮助学生提高信心，并赋予他们改变生活的力量，因此许多学生都认为Marilyn是一种适时出现的力量。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. harder更难的；B. longer更长的；C. better更好的；D. poorer更贫穷的。change sth. for thebetter是固定短语，意为“变得更好”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她仍在继续引导新一代走向成功。A. companies公司；B. women妇女；C. technologies技术；D. generations代；辈。根据句意可知，直到今天，她仍在继续引导新生代(generations)走向成功。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to the traditional Chinese calendar, for every 19 years there will be seven leap months(闰月). “Leap month” refers to a repetitive month.
The setting of leap month is a way to fill the gap of days between the solar calendar and lunar calendar in one year, ____36____ is 11 or 12 days, so as to make sure the four seasons ____37____ (basic) fit the months. The first three months of the year should be spring, the next three should be summer, then autumn and the last three months should be winter.
There are some traditions and customs during leap month in China, which ____38____ (be) varied in different places. As the leap month is around ____39____ corner, many people have prepared gifts for their parents.
In some parts of Central China’s Henan province, daughters will prepare wild goose-shaped pastries(点心)for their parents before the leap month comes, wishing for good ____40____ (fortunate).
In some parts of East China’s Shandong province, the ____41____ (marry) women, along with their husbands, will send dough-made fish and toad(蟾蜍)to their parents, which symbolize “wealth” and “health” respectively. Besides, it ____42____ (say) that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
In some places, people have the tradition of buying shoes for their parents ____43____ (reward) their father and ____44____ (mother) efforts of bringing them _____45_____, and pray for the health and safety of their parents.
【答案】36. which
37. basically
38. are 39. the
40. fortune
41. married
42. is said
43. to reward
44. mother’s
45. up
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的闰月，以及闰月的传统和习俗。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：闰月的设置是为了填补一年中阳历和农历之间的天数差距，即11或12天，以确保四季基本与月份相适应。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非限定性定语从句的引导词。先行词是the gap，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。basic的副词形式为basically。故填basically。
【38题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：中国的闰月有一些传统和习俗，不同的地方有不同的习俗。分析句子可知，空格处在定语从句中作谓语。根据句中There are some traditions and customs可知，此处应用一般现在时态，且先行词指代traditions and customs，为复数，故谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：由于闰月即将到来，许多人都为父母准备了礼物。around the corner是固定短语，意为“即将到来”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国中部河南省的一些地区，女儿们会在闰月到来之前为父母准备鹅形糕点，祈求好运。根据空格前的介词for可知，此处应填名词与作宾语，fortunate的名词形式为fortune。故填fortune。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在中国东部山东省的一些地区，已婚妇女和丈夫会把面团做成的鱼和蟾蜍送给父母，这两种鱼和蟾蜍分别象征着“财富”和“健康”。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语。marry的形容词形式为married，意为“已婚的”。故填married。
【42题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，据说面鱼是给母亲吃的，面蟾蜍是给父亲吃的。it is said that…是固定句型，意为“据说……”。故填is said。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在一些地方，人们有为父母买鞋的传统，以报答父母的养育之恩，并为父母的健康和安全祈祷。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to reward。
【44题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：同上。根据空后名词efforts可知，此处应用名词所有格形式。故填mother’s。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：同上。根据句意，此处指“养育”，应用短语bring up，意为“养育；抚养”。故填up。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周六上午举行汉语诗歌创作大赛。请你给英国友人Louis写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1. 比赛的时间和地点;
2. 比赛的目的和意义;
3. 报名方法。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Louis.
Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition, which will be held in our school hall from 9 am to 11 am next Saturday.
The aim of the activity is to arouse our enthusiasm for Chinese traditional culture. Hopefully, by creating Chinese poems, we can have a better understanding of the brilliance of China’s ancient culture.
If you are interested, please sign up for it on our school website before next Friday. I am sure you’ll have great fun and benefit a lot.
Yours.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国友人Louis写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校下周六上午举行的汉语诗歌创作大赛。内容包括：
1. 比赛的时间和地点；
2. 比赛的目的和意义；
3. 报名方法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：enjoy→be fond of
参加：take part in →participate in
比赛：competition→contest
相信的：sure→convinced
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition.
拓展句：Because I know that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you enjoy writing Chinese poems, I am writing to invite you to take part in a Chinese poetry competition, which will be held in our school hall from 9 am to 11 am next Saturday.（运用了现在分词作状语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you are interested, please sign up for it on our school website before next Friday.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jimmy loved ice cream. It was his favorite dessert (甜点). He wanted to eat ice cream all the time. His parents let him have a small dish each night after dinner, if he ate all of his vegetables.
Jimmy liked eating ice cream at home, but he really loved going to the ice cream stand to get an ice cream. There were so many different flavors to try! Jimmy always did his best to try a new kind of ice cream each time.
When Jimmy turned eight, he had a checkup at the doctor’s office. Dr. Katz said that ice cream wasn’t a very healthy snack. “It’s fine to have a little ice cream once in a while, but not every night,” she said.
After the doctor’s visit, Jimmy and his mom drove home. “Can I still have ice cream for dessert tonight?” Jimmy asked.” I don’t think so, honey,” Mom said, “We should try to be healthier.”
That night at supper, Jimmy ate all his vegetables. But there was no ice cream for dessert. Instead, Mom came up with a new rule that Jimmy could have ice cream once a week. “But if you want to eat ice cream, you’ll have to earn it by walking to the ice cream stand,” she said.
According to the map, the ice cream stand was a mile away. Jimmy was willing to give it a try, so they decided to take their walk on Saturday afternoon. It was a hot and sunny day. Jimmy began to feel sweaty when he walked just a few hundred meters. The sun was so bright that he had to look with his eyes partly shut in order to keep out bright light.
Jimmy kicked a pebble (鹅卵石) and watched it roll into a river on the street. “I’m hot,” said Jimmy, “How much farther is it?” Mom checked the map on her phone. “We’re not even halfway yet. Do you want to turn around?”
注意：l. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jimmy did want to turn around, but he also wanted ice cream.
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He was about to quit.
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【答案】One possible version:
Jimmy did want to turn around, but he also wanted ice cream. Walking was the only way to get it. Jimmy and Mom crossed several streets. Then they passed his school and the playground with the tire swings. Soon they were in a part of the town that Jimmy didn’t recognize. The sun beat down so strongly that even Mom was sweating. Jimmy’s legs also felt heavy. He wanted to sit down, but there were no benches in sight. There are a few trees. However, they didn’t do much to shade the sidewalk.
He was about to quit. Looking up and ready to tell his mom he wanted to turn around, Jimmy saw the purple flag at the top of the ice cream stand. They were almost there! Jimmy felt motivated so he started to walk faster. He could almost taste the cool and creamy ice cream already. Although it was a long walk, it was definitely worth the trip.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了吉米很爱吃冰淇淋，妈妈告诉他如果想吃冰淇淋，你必须走到冰淇淋摊才能吃到。于是，在一个炎热晴朗的日子，吉米和妈妈顶着烈日向冰淇淋店走去。几米很想放弃，但是想到马上可以吃的冰淇淋，他就有了动力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“吉米确实想转身，但他也想要冰淇淋。”可知，第一段可描写吉米和妈妈冒着酷暑一起走路的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“他正要放弃。”可知，第二段可描写吉米正要放弃时，突然看到冰淇淋店的旗帜，于是有了动力。
2.续写线索：走路——筋疲力尽——想放弃——看到旗帜——找到动力——坚持
3.词汇激活
行为类
①认出：recognize /make out
②看见：see/catch sight of
③加速：walk faster /speed up
情绪类
①有动力的：motivated /full of motivation
②高兴的：joyful/delighted
【点睛】
[高分句型1]The sun beat down so strongly that even Mom was sweating.（运用了so…that…句型）
[高分句型2]Looking up and ready to tell his mom he wanted to turn around, Jimmy saw the purple flag at the top of the ice cream stand.（运用了现在分词作状语）
听力答案：1~5 CBBCB 6~10 BAACA 11~15 BBACA 16~20 ACCBC
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