2023镇江中学高一下学期3月检测英语试题含解析

省镇中高一年级第二学期三月检测(英语)

第一部分：听力(共两节，20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分)

第一节  听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What was the weather like in the afternoon?

A. Windy.    B. Sunny.    C. Rainy.

2. How does the man sound?

A. Worried.    B. Confident.    C. Afraid.

3. What is the conversation mainly about?

A. Going on holiday.    B. Taking photographs.    C. Getting a new passport.

4. Why did the man go to see a doctor?

A. He can only see things up close.    B. He gets glasses for the woman.    C. He doesn’t like his old glasses.

5. What are the speakers going to do next?

A. Stay at home.    B. Play with snow.    C. Play badminton.

第二节  听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Why does the woman want to replace the sofa?

A. It is uncomfortable.    B. It is really old.    C. It doesn’t match the table.

7. What do the speakers agree to do?

A. Change the table.    B. Buy a reading lamp.    C. Move a lamp onto the table.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What did the man use last weekend?

A. A shared bike.    B. A shared charger    C. A shared umbrella.

9. What is the woman going to talk about next?

A. The proper ways to use the sharing product.

B. Her attitude towards the sharing economy.

C. The advantages of the sharing economy.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What has the man found?

A. An old door.    B. A secret dinner.    C. An interesting wall.

11. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Boss and secretary.    B. Father and daughter.    C. Husband and wife.

12. Where are the speakers?

A. In a shop.    B. In a house.    C. In a castle.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the man doing?

A Eating a meal.    B. Cooking a meal.    C. Having an interview.

14. How long has the man been cooking?

A. Only recently.    B. Since he was a kid.    C. Since he was twenty years old.

15. Why does the man mention rice and noodles?

A. To give an example.    B. To name his favorite food.    C. To show his best cooking.

16. What is the most important for cooking according to the man?

A. Rich flavors.    B. Freshness of food.    C. Different styles of cooking.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is Cathy’s nationality?

A. Chinese.    B. German.    C. American.

18. When will they start making dumplings?

A. At 4 p.m.    B. At 6 p.m.    C. At 8 p.m.

19. How will Cathy come to the speaker’s house probably?

A. By car.    B. By bus.    C. By taxi.

20. What does the speaker think Cathy may worry about?

A. Going back too early.        B. Staying there too long.    C. Having difficulty watching TV shows.

第二部分  阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Summer Schools

As the UK’s top ranked summer schools, these schools will deliver an outstanding summer experience in a multi-national, fun, and secure setting.

Oxford Summer School

Oxford Summer School enables students to live and study in an Oxford University College during the summer. The summer program is designed to give students a chance to study at university, meet other students from around the world and explore the famous city of Oxford.

Ages: 15-17

Dates: 15 July-30 August

Cambridge Summer School

Join us to live and study in the noted university city of Cambridge. Explore the city that shaped some of the world’s famous minds, including Sir Isaac Newton and Sylvia Plath. Follow in their footsteps as you experience your chosen subject through a series of lectures and workshops.

Ages: 15-17

Dates: 20 July-28 August

Earlscliffe Summer School

Earlscliffe Summer School is ideally located for both access to London and to a variety of local attractions. The campus is formed of seven Victorian and Edwardian buildings, all recently renovated (翻新) to provide high-quality teaching and residential facilities.

Ages: 13-17

Dates: 20 June-31 July

Rochester College Summer School

Rochester Independent College, one of the UK’s most well-established independent colleges, is proud to offer a range of distinctive summer courses. We are offering four different courses in very small classes where international visitors will study and socialize alongside local students.

Ages: 13-17

Dates: 25 June-28 July

1. Which of the following starts earliest?

A. Oxford Summer School. B. Cambridge Summer School.

C. Earlscliffe Summer School. D. Rochester College Summer School.

2. What can students do in the first two summer schools?

A. Socialize with local students. B. Explore the noted university city.

C. Organize lectures and workshops. D. Interview the world’s great minds.

3. Where can the text be found?

A. In a history book. B. In an art magazine. C. In a research article. D. In an education brochure.

B

Cristina, a teen who grew up in a poor neighborhood in Madrid, never imagined herself playing the violin. But today she is first violinist in an inventive orchestra (乐团), bringing together two dozen other disadvantaged youths, using instruments made from recycled materials. “I am really happy, because the project has changed my life a lot,” said Cristina, her eyes gleaming.

Luis, 18, credits the project with keeping him on a right track in a neighbourhood like Vallecas, which has a high school dropout rate. “Instead of meeting up with friends, I preferred to listen to music, play it, and little by little it became a way of life,” he said.

The project, called “Music of Recycling”, aims to breathe new life into junk while also benefiting youths from disadvantaged backgrounds and it is run by Spanish environmental group Ecoembes and is inspired by Paraguay’s Cateura orchestra, made up of musicians from a poor neighborhood who play instruments made from materials found in waste.

After Ecoembes invited the Cateura orchestra to perform in Madrid in 2014, the group decided to found its own similar ensemble (小乐团) that same year, said Gil, the director of Music of Recycling. The ensemble put on its first concert just four months later and “the kids could not play more than four notes,” said Gil.

Now after having performed in cities across Spain, “We already have four boys studying in scholarships at music schools,” he added. More than 100 children are taking music classes from members of the orchestra as part of the project.

The instruments are created by Soler, a third-generation instrument maker, from cans, wooden boxes and parts of abandoned instruments. He tried to make the instruments as close to their “normal” shape as possible so the children won’t have difficulty playing regular equipment in the future.

4. What does the author intend to do by referring to Cristina and Luis?

A. Praise the teens for their efforts. B. Introduce the startup of the project.

C. Show the effects of the project. D. Present ways to mix music and recycling.

5. Where does the project’s inspiration come from?

A. A group of musicians. B. A children’s orchestra.

C. Disadvantaged youths. D. An environmental group.

6. What can we learn about the project?

A. It was started in 2014. B. It was funded by the government.

C. It spread across the world. D. It made a large amount of money.

7. What’s Soler’s attitude towards the project?

A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncaring.

C

Robots are slowly entering the field of real-time multitasking, but before they can make it, their computing system must be updated.

“To truly cross that bridge, the robot needs high computing power, high-making speed, low power consumption, high flexibility of resource scheduling, and user-friendly computing parts, so as to run algorithms (算法) locally in real time,” Shi Luping, a professor at Tsinghua University and Ma Songchen, a Tsinghua Ph.D. candidate wrote in an email.

Right now, processing units cannot efficiently meet AI’s needs for economical and adaptable processing. But neuromorphic (神经形态的) systems could be a solution. To invent a new neuromorphic computing system that can completely support the networks, Ma and his colleagues first created a framework called Rivulet. “It’s challenging to design robot-friendly equipment, and there are few multitasking professors specifically designed for intelligent robots,” wrote Shi and Ma. “We think of how we process information to make decisions reflexively — it’s the quality of brain regions. Then we came up with a Rivulet model, which enables multiple network tasks to schedule resources on the chip efficiently and flexibly.”

Employing the Rivulet model, the scientists built an electronic chip labeled TianjicX, as well as additional software. They put both into a mobile robot named Tianjiecat and ran it through a cat-and-mouse game. During the game, Tianjiecat had to carry out a variety of AI instructions to catch the robot mouse, which moved randomly (任意地) within a space with barriers using visual recognition and sound detection. Analysis showed TianjicX decreased the amount of power Tianjiecat used by half while processing information and significantly cut down on delays between making decisions and acting on them.

“We provide an exploration platform for AI researchers and promote the study of brain inspired intelligence,” wrote Shi. “Our platform also has great potential to be applied in edge computing scenes due to its ability of multitask processing, such as autonomous driving and the Internet Things.”

8. Which is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?

A. Basics of computing systems. B. Challenges in developing AI.

C. The secret to robots’ multitasking. D. The tendency toward multitasking.

9. Where did the scientists get the idea of Rivulet?

A. From their life experiences. B. From the cat-and-mouse game.

C. From the feature of human brains. D. From the invention of neuromorphic systems.

10. How does the chip function in the game?

A. By controlling movements of the robot mouse. B. By sending out comprehensive AI instructions.

C. By enabling Tianjiecat to avoid barriers accurately. D. By lowering energy and time Tianjiecat consumes.

11. What do Shi’s words imply in the last paragraph?

A. Multitasking is essential in many fields. B. Current AI research is far from satisfactory.

C. AI has appeared in many real-life situations. D. The new system will have wide applications.

D

A workday filled with mentally challenging tasks can make people feel worn out and desire a relaxing evening of TV shows A study led by Antonius Wiehler of Pitié-Salpêtrìère University Hospital provides an explanation for this familiar phenomenon.

Researchers arranged for two sets of subjects to work for over six hours. The first group was assigned a difficult version of tasks, while the second was given a simple version. They measured levels of glutamate (谷氨酸) that collected in the cognitive area of subjects’ brains, finding higher levels of the chemical appeared in the first group, although both groups reported feeling similar levels of tiredness after the daylong experiment. Glutamate helps learning and memory, but too much glutamate can give rise to brain cell damage.

Also, when researchers offered financial choices, as a measure of whether the difficulty of work affected subjects’ decision-making ability, those finishing harder tasks were more likely to choose to take home an immediate reward rather than wait for a larger cash-out at a later date. “Existing theories suggested fatigue (疲劳) is an unreal feeling cooked up by the brain to make us relax,” Wiehler says. “Yet our findings provide proof that cognitive work causes the collection of bad substances, so fatigue would be signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose: to preserve normality of brain functioning.”

“Defining what fatigue is remains a challenge for the field, says neuroscientist Matthew Apps, “but it’s exciting that this experiment provides a reasonable alternative explanation that is of great help.” He notes some areas where these findings might come in. For people in jobs requiring intense focus, burnout can lead to damaging consequences. Preventing glutamate’ building may help maintain attention. Another area of interest would be researching clinical conditions related to fatigue. The presence of glutamate might reveal why patients struggle with fatigue.

For Wiehler open questions remain. One limitation is their focus on the brain’s specific region, so what impact cognitively effortful work has on the rest parts remains to be seen. In addition, it’s not yet clear how the balance of glutamate is restored after rest. “Maybe it leaves the brain during sleep,” Wiehler says. “There’s tons of research to come.”

12. What was found in the experiment?

A. People who work longer expect higher rewards.

B. Tasks’ difficulty greatly affects levels of fatigue.

C. Tougher tasks cause more glutamate to build up.

D. Decision-making is linked with financial factors.

13. What might the researchers agree about fatigue?

A. It bothers people in the workplace. B. It mainly results from mental stress.

C. It signals the necessity of relaxation. D. It serves as a protection for the brain.

14. What is stressed in Paragraph 4?

A. Reliability of the finding. B. The practical use of the study.

C. The challenge in the cognitive field. D. Urgency to solve fatigue-related problems.

15. What might Wiehler explore next?

A. What limitations their experiment has.

B. Whether the balance of glutamate can recover.

C. Why rest is important for the brain to function well.

D. How demanding tasks affect other areas of the brain.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Perhaps you use your headphones to enjoy music and peace and quiet during the day. But you may be neglecting the dangers of hearing loss with headphones. ____16____ This is 30% higher than just 20 years before, and experts are pinning it on headphones.

In fact, headphones are not a bad thing. They can bring peace, allow for better musical enjoyment, and even protect your ears from higher decibels(分贝). ____17____

How long should you wear your headphones every day? The answer is, according to the World Health Organization, one hour per day. ____18____ But the fact is that the longer you listen, you’re going to lose your hearing sooner. To keep hearing loss from happening to you, you should follow the recommendation in place by the WHO that you keep your time with headphones on limited to one hour per day.

Then, how do you set the safest volume for your headphones? With headphones, it depends on the type you’re using and your environment. To test things out, you should take them off your ears and extend them in your hands out in front of you. ____19____ If you are using open-back headphones, you should try to have a conversation with someone nearby. When you’re able to carry on the conversation clearly, you’re listening at a proper volume. But do remember that never raise the volume on your listening device over 60% of the maximum!

____20____ At others this loss will build up over time. It usually isn’t noticeable in the beginning. It’s not until it’s too late that most people realize that the damage has been done. The only way to know for sure is to consult your doctor.

A. This might seem unreasonable to you.

B. At times, hearing loss isn’t permanent.

C. l in 5 teens will have some types of hearing loss.

D. What’s more concerning is what that means for children.

E. It’s the duration and volume that cause the problem, however.

F. If you still hear your music clearly, you need to turn them down.

G. It’s a wonderful thing to shut out the rest of the world and enjoy your music.

第三部分  语言运用(共五节，满分55分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was a graduate student, I felt too busy to exercise. I promised myself I’d do it once I ____21____ school. I knew I would be busy as an assistant professor. ____22____, I believed in my will power.

When I started my first job at Williams College, I ____23____ did exercise regularly. It turned out that I was in a(n) ____24____ that offered excellent support for what I ____25____ to do.

Research shows that our ____26____ are influenced by whether our environment makes something easy or difficult. Even the smallest difference can have an outsized ____27____. In one study, researchers ____28____ items from the front to the back of a salad bar — a change of just 10 inches — and the ____29____ inconvenience made people eat less of these items.

My plan to exercise benefited from Williamstown’s long winter. People figured the best way through it was to get _____30_____ happily and enjoy it. I kept meeting people who were _____31_____ joggers. When I started, they were quick to offer social _____32_____. With so many runners in town, it was easy to find trails (小径), including those _____33_____ for beginners.

Do _____34_____ your environment to make challenging tasks easier. If you want to socialize, befriend outgoing persons. Or _____35_____ your cell phone when you need to concentrate on study. The right surroundings are more powerful than willpower alone.

21. A. attended B. finished C. started D. furthered

22. A. However B. Thus C. Instead D. Meanwhile

23. A. unwillingly B. virtually C. actually D. barely

24. A. occupation B. situation C. position D. environment

25. A. hoped B. insisted C. hesitated D. managed

26. A. experiences B. choices C. consequences D. emotions

27. A. advantage B. reward C. effect D. risk

28. A. examined B. concerned C. counted D. moved

29. A. obvious B. major C. unique D. slight

30. A. aboard B. outdoors C. home D. inside

31. A. enthusiastic B. sensitive C. independent D. ambitious

32. A. resources B. activities C. support D. service

33. A. instructive B. strange C. tough D. fit

34. A. change B. protect C. ignore D. accept

35. A. answer B. silence C. keep D. ring

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As China’s gig economy (零工经济) continues to grow, the central government is seeking better regulations ____36____ (serve) the rights of workers, develop new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced development in the job market. Gig workers, often referred to ____37____ independent contractors (承包者) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts ____38____ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services to their clients.

The guideline ____39____ (release) early on Thursday by five central departments to solve practical problems that are being faced today and are on the horizon among employees and employers in the gig economy.

In the past few years, with the rise of technology and the impact of the pandemic, the gig economy ____40____ (provide) opportunities to many people across a number of sectors, according to Pang Shi, director of one department. She said the gig economy provides an important way for people to improve their incomes, and ____41____ for seniors, the disabled or those with other difficulties, gig work provides less pressure than full-time employment.

Gig workers often have higher work ____42____ (efficient) because of new technology, ____43____ (break) the previous working limits of time and space. “The gig economy is showing growing importance to the stability of the job market, ____44____ (particular) facing current economic downturns,” Wei Xiang, ____45____ professor from the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, added.

第三节  单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

根据首字母或中文提示写出句中所缺单词，注意使用正确形式。

46. He was so proud as to take his friends’ advice ________ (配不上) his notice, which caused a big damage to his company. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

47. The invention, which had been patented by the university, would have a wide range of a________ in industry. (根据首字母单词拼写)

48. I am not satisfied with your explanation and intend to take the matter ________ (进一步). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

49. The government has employed a double ________ (策略) to achieve these two objectives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

50. The moment the whistle s________ the end of the match, an enthusiastic applause broke out in the stadium. (根据首字母单词拼写)

51. It’s calculated that the number of people employed in ________ (农业) has fallen in the last decade. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

52. As we all know that those anticancer drugs are effective, but also d________ to white blood cells. (根据首字母单词拼写)

53. Feeling stressful, you can eat some chocolate for comfort to r________ your anxieties. （根据首字母单词拼写）

54. We were delayed at the airport; o________ we would have been here by lunchtime.

55. New piles of evidence, as expected, has ________ (证实) the first witness’s story. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

第四节  单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

在下列句子的空白处填入适当的连接词或括号内动词的正确形式。

56. Nobody but Betty and Marry ________ (be) late for class yesterday, which surprised all of us. （所给词的适当形式填空）

57. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach ________ (survive) the disaster without any loss of life. (所给词的适当形式填空)

58. We ________ (turn) off the radio and get into our sleeping bags when strong winds suddenly began to blow. （所给词的适当形式填空）

59. The performance had been intended to please the audience and draw their attention，only ________ ( greet ) with a cold silence, however．（所给词的适当形式填空）

60. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ (they quarrel) with each other. (所给词的适当形式填空)

61. Grandma Wang ________ (sit) for hours doing nothing when she was in her nineties. （所给词的适当形式填空）

62. When ________ (cross) the road, the children are required to stop to look around and walk hand in hand. (所给词适当形式填空)

63. ________ (judge) from what he said, we were sure that he didn’t know what had happened yesterday evening. (所给词的适当形式填空)

64. One of our rules is that every student ________ (wear) school uniform while at school. (所给词的适当形式填空)

65. Mr. Lee couldn’t know the incident happening in the company, because he ________ (treat) for a sprain (扭伤) in the hospital. （所给词的适当形式填空）

第五节  短语填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)

从所给短语中(一个多余)选择并用其正确形式完成句子。

66. When I decided to quit my full time employment it never ________ me that I might become a part of a new international trend.

67. With the development of the economy, the country ________ is hoping for further political and economic reforms.

68. People are influenced by their environment and, ________, influence their environment.

69. Internet access has proven so popular that it has ________ a new kind of social epidemic, Internet addiction.

70. I have to get to Manchester today and my own car has ________, which makes me worried.

71. Everyone was brought up to know that we should ________ the bad style and keep the good.

72. The plane landed at the airport ________ in spite of the frightening storm.

73. Fighting has ________ on the border and is expected to continue until a settlement is reached.

74. Kindness and honesty are words that ________ when talking of that man.

75. The present economic situation ________ rapid action by the government.

第四部分  应用文写作(满分15分)

76. 随着智能手机的普及，校园里携带手机的同学也越来越多，由此产生了很多不良影响。假定你是学生会主席李华，请代表学生会写一份英文倡议书，呼吁同学们专心学习，不要将手机带进校园。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear fellow students,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Students’ Union