2022-2023学年浙江省山河联盟高二下学期3月月考考试英语试题含解析

  山河联盟2022学年高二学期3月联考

高二英语试题卷

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.    B. £9.18.    C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What does the man dislike about the room?

A. The wall. B. The painting. C. The carpet.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M: I like the color you painted the walls. Why did you decide on purple?

W: I was inspired by a movie I saw last month.

M: I think you should get a new carpet. This one doesn’t match anything in the room.

2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What is the man going to do?

A. Go shopping. B. Make cakes. C. Cook lunch.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W: Would you pick up a dozen eggs and a liter of milk for me?

M: Sure. Do you need anything for lunch?

W: No. Wait a minute! Would you get some cake, too?

3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Why does the woman refuse to go dancing tonight?

A. She doesn’t like dancing.

B. She plans to get up early tomorrow.

C. She wants to visit her grandma then.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M: Do you want to go out dancing today?

W: I can’t. I promised my grandma I’d take her to the market in the morning.

M: We could still go dancing tonight.

W: But I can’t stay out late tonight and then get up early tomorrow.

4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What was the woman’s problem?

A. She got lost. B. She ran out of oil. C. She spent much on her car repairs.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M: What was the problem?

W: The guy in the shop said I have an oil leak. It will take him a while to repair it. It’s going to cost me a fortune.

M: You’re just lucky it stopped working close to a service station.

5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A city. B. The weather. C. A forecaster.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W: I hope the typhoon won’t be too bad.

M: Me, too. The last one was horrible. It shut down the city for days.

W: The forecaster said it’s going to hit tomorrow afternoon.

第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What did the man do last month?

A. He attended a sales meeting.

B. He travelled around Detroit.

C. He went to a night school.

7. Where does the conversation take place?

A. In a gym. B. In a classroom. C. In an office.

【答案】6. A    7. A

【解析】

【原文】M: Sorry to bother you, but didn’t we meet at a sales conference in Detroit last month?

W: I don’t think so, but I believe we took the same course at a night school a few months ago.

M: Yes, that’s right. I remember seeing you there now. I thought you looked very familiar, but I just couldn’t recall where I had met you.

W: Well, it has been a few months. Anyway, how long have you been working out in this fitness center?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What did the man do before he met the woman?

A. He looked for his phone. B. He focused on his work. C. He had a drink.

9. What does the woman think of the man’s words?

A. Rude. B. Serious. C. Unbelievable.

【答案】8. C    9. C

【解析】

【原文】W: There you are! I’ve been waiting for you for three hours. Where have you been?

M: I’m sorry. I was stuck in a meeting and then, when we left, a bunch of people wanted to go out for a drink.

W: So you went?

M: Yeah. I wanted to call you on my cell phone, but I didn’t want to be rude.

W: Oh please. Everybody uses cell phones and if you were really that worried about what they thought, you could’ve gone outside for a minute to call me.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What did the man order for his mother’s birthday?

A. A drink. B. A cake. C. Some chocolate.

11. What could the woman probably be?

A. A cook. B. A waitress. C. A manager.

12. What will the man probably do next?

A. Have a meal. B. Talk to John. C. See the menu.

【答案】10. B    11. B    12. C

【解析】

【原文】M: Hi, my name is James Campbell and I reserved a table for four at 6 pm.

W: Let me check the list. Yes, I found your name here. We’ve arranged a table right next to the fireplace for you. Is it all right with you?

M: Sure. That’s perfect. Also, I ordered a special chocolate cake to celebrate my mother’s birthday when I talked to your manager, John, on the phone. Is it ready?

W: Yes, we’ll serve it after the meal as you requested. Would you like to be seated now? I’ll bring you something to drink while you look at the menu.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Where are the speakers?

A. In a café. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.

14. What is the woman’s opinion on her last class?

A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Useless.

15. What is the man’s professor like?

A. Talkative. B. Inspiring. C. Thoughtful.

16. What does the woman plan to do?

A. Sit in on the man’s class.

B. Have a talk with her professor.

C. Register for World History class.

【答案】13. A    14. B    15. B    16. A

【解析】

【原文】W: Mmm. This coffee is really strong.

M: I like it that way.

W: So do I. During my last class all I was thinking about was coming here and tasting the coffee.

M: Sounds like it wasn’t too exciting.

W: I was bored to death. I’m in that class only because it’s a requirement, so I have to stick it out. Do you have any classes like that?

M: I have only one big lecture class — World History. And the professor’s the best. It’s so interesting. I’m always on the edge of my seat. And when we have discussions, the room is filled with electricity.

W: Too bad. I already took World History.

M: You know, I was lucky to be in her class because I found myself thinking a lot about what she said. You should come with me to class sometime, just to see what I mean.

W: You’ve got me really curious about this teacher. I think I’ll take you up on your idea to visit your class.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17 Where is the Photocopy Room?

A. Across from the restrooms.

B. Near the Reading Room.

C. To the east of the Circulation Desk.

18. What can listeners do in the study rooms?

A. Do research. B. Check out books. C. Perform interactive activities.

19. When was the library built?

A. 1 year ago. B. 5 years ago. C. 20 years ago.

20. What is the speaker going to do next?

A. Answer the listeners’ questions. B. Show the listeners around. C. Present some books.

【答案】17. A    18. C    19. C    20. A

【解析】

【原文】M: Welcome! Please come in and gather over here around the tables. My name is Adam Smith, and I’m the librarian here. I’ll show you around today and explain how to use these facilities. Now, we’re at the gate of the library. Upon entering the door, you’ll find that the restrooms are on your left-hand side, and opposite them is a Photocopy Room. Many of you are wondering about the check-in and check-out process. What you have to do is go to the Circulation Desk, which is to the east of the Photocopy Room. The Reading Room is a really large area in the center of the library, just to the north of the Circulation Desk. I’m sure you won’t miss it. If you’re here to do research, this is where you should bring books to look through. However, if you’re here to do any group projects or other interactive activities, I advise you to use one of the study rooms, which are just to the east of the Reading Room. Moving on to the southeast corner, we have the Periodicals Section, just next to the study rooms. We have a collection of different newspapers and magazines in this section. You can get last week’s weather reports, or all the top stories five years ago — some of our books can go back 20 years to the time when our school library was built. Ah, our first question! Yes?

第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 50 分)

第一节(共 15 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Four places to hear live music outdoors

For those fond of live music, head outdoors where local restaurants and bars are providing fresh air entertainment. Here are 4 places on Long Island that are popular with everyone:

PORTSIDE BAR & GRILL

On Monday nights at Portside Bar & Grill join the “Portside Pirates Patio (露台) Party” where many artists perform 30-40 minutes each from 7-10 p.m.

“Playing outdoors you get more energy from the audience,” singer Maria Rose says. “They are fully engaged in the music.”

SPOTLIGHT

There may not be music at the Paramount in Huntington but the venue’s art bar Spotlight next door is delivering live music along with burgers (汉堡包) and craft cocktails at a dozen outdoor tables daily from 4-8 p.m.

“We restructured things when we heard outdoor dining is going to be big,” says manager James Visalli. Singer / Guitarist Brian Ripps was the first to kick off Spotlight’s grand re-opening by mixing cover songs with his originals.

KJ FARRELL’S

Live music is what KJ Farrell’s in Bellmore is known for and their backyard patio, which holds 40- 50 seats, has become a hotspot showcasing artists from Tuesday-Saturday from 7-10 p.m. (reservations are made in advance).

Wonderous Stories has just returned to its regular Wednesday night spot where the audience listened to classic rock covers.

GARDEN GRILL

The patio at Garden Grill has been retooled holding 100 people. Music is offered Wednesday through Saturday from 5:30-9:30 p.m. and Sunday 1-8 p.m. in the fresh air.

Singer / songwriter JD Leonard recently performed his own country tune, “Just Drive” and got a standing ovation (热烈鼓掌). “Everybody seemed so happy to be out here. I know I was.” he says.

21. At which time will you most probably watch Maria Rose’s performance?

A. Saturday 10 p.m. B. Tuesday 6 p.m.

C. Monday 8 p.m. D. Wednesday 9:30 p.m.

22. What does the live music in the four places have in common?

A. performed at weekends B. country music

C. classic rock music D. held in the open air

23. What is special about KJ FARRELL’S?

A. It hosts the “Portside Pirates Patio Party”. B. It should be booked in advance.

C. It can hold an audience of 100. D. It serves craft cocktails.

【答案】21. C    22. D    23. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了长岛的四个可以听户外现场音乐的地方。

21题详解】

细节理解题。根据“PORTSIDE BAR & GRILL”部分中“On Monday nights at Portside Bar & Grill join the “Portside Pirates Patio (露台) Party” where many artists perform 30-40 minutes each from 7-10 p.m.”（星期一晚上，在Portside Bar & Grill加入“左舷海盗天井派对”，许多艺术家会从晚上7点到10点表演，每次30-40分钟。）及““Playing outdoors you get more energy from the audience,” singer Maria Rose says. “They are fully engaged in the music.””（歌手玛丽亚•罗斯(Maria Rose)表示: “在户外演出，你会从观众那里获得更多的能量，他们全身心地投入到音乐中。”）可知，歌手Maria Rose表演的时间是星期一晚上的7点到10点表演，故选C。

【22题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four places to hear live music outdoors”（四个户外听现场音乐的地方）可知，文章所提到的四个听现场音乐的特点都是在户外。故选D。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据“KJ FARRELL’S”部分中“Live music is what KJ Farrell’s in Bellmore is known for and their backyard patio, which holds 40- 50 seats, has become a hotspot showcasing artists from Tuesday-Saturday from 7-10 p.m. (reservations are made in advance).”（现场音乐是 Bellmore KJ 法雷尔餐厅的特色，他们的后院露台有40-50个座位，从周二到周六晚上7点到10点(提前预定)已经成为艺术家展示的热点。）可知，要在KJ FARRELL’S听现场音乐，需要提前预定。故选B。

B

The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.

Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.

So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.

24. What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in Paragraph 1?

A. responsibility. B. disappointment C. shame D. desire

25. What did the author owe her victory in the Softball Throw event to?

A. Her advanced sports outfits. B. Her confidence in her sports ability.

C. The sports talent inherited from her father. D. The guidance and training offered by her father.

26. What happened after the author stepped into adulthood?

A. She generally exercised on weekends. B. She joined Royal Canadian Air Force.

C. She preferred reading to exercising. D. She maintained her love for sports.

27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the article?

A. To describe how her father built her interest in sports.

B. To recall her childhood memories about sports.

C. To express her passion for sports and fitness.

D. To emphasize the benefits of physical exercise.

【答案】24. C    25. D    26. D    27. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。

【24题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special（就我这个年纪来说，我很小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，我曾经历过那种特别的））”以及后文“of being picked last for various gym teams(被选为不同健身队的最后一个)”可知，作者的身材矮小，与其说是一个体育爱好者，不如说是一个书虫，并且在各种体体队中，作者都是最后一个被选中的，这是一种羞辱。故画线词意思是“羞辱”。故选C。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.(在垒球比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。他每天早上在家举重。他给我们所有人买棒球手套和棒球帽，在温暖的月份里，我们花几个小时玩接球游戏。到了秋天，我们的后院足球比赛从传球练习开始)”可知，作者把她在垒球比赛中的胜利归功于她父亲的指导和培训。故选D。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”可知，作者成年后保持了对运动的热爱。故选D。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”结合文章讲述了作者从小热爱体育，并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此，作者开始参与各种体育运动，并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健身的热情。故选C。

C

The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.

According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn (天生的) understanding of how the physical world works.

In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled (发出响声); others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.

It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.

“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.

Scientists have explored this idea with other lovely creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.

When babies’ expectations are not met in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to obey the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.

Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe, Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.

28. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?

A. They can be trained to understand the physical world.

B. They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.

C. They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.

D. They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.

29. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containers?

A. Their inborn sensitivity (敏感) to noise. B. Their unusual sense of direction.

C. Their special ability to perceive. D. Their understanding of cause and effect.

30. In what way do babies behave like cats?

A. They focus on what appears strange. B. They view the world as normal.

C. They do what they prefer to do D. They are curious about everything.

31. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?

A. They rely on their instincts (本能) to hunt.

B. They interact with the physical world much like humans.

C. They display extraordinarily high intelligence in hunting.

D. They can aid physics professors in their research work.

【答案】28. C    29. D    30. A    31. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了，根据一项新公布的研究中，猫似乎能够通过双耳预测隐藏猎物的位置，并与生俱来地理解物理世界是如何运作的。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。由第二段“According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey (猎物) using both their ears and an inborn (天生的) understanding of how the physical world works. (根据一项最新发表的研究，猫似乎能够通过双耳预测隐藏猎物的位置，并与生俱来地理解物理世界是如何运作的)”可知，猫天生就有能力定位到它们捕猎的动物。故选C项。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。由第四段中的“It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. (事实证明，猫非常聪明地知道当容器被翻倒时会发生什么)”和第五段中的“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects (猫利用对噪音或声音的因果逻辑理解来预测看不见的物体的外观)”可知，正是猫对噪音或声音的因果逻辑关系的掌握才导致了猫对集装箱噪音的反应，让猫知道当容器被翻倒时会发生什么。故选D项。

【30题详解】

细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking” — looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal. (和猫一样，婴儿似乎也在进行所谓的“优先观看”——看有趣或不寻常的事情的时间比他们看正常的事情要长)”可知，和猫一样，婴儿喜欢专注于看似奇怪的（不寻常的）事情。故选A项。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。由第五段中的“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects (猫利用对噪音或声音的因果逻辑理解来预测看不见的物体的外观)”和倒数第二段中的“When babies’ expectations are disturbed in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to be consistent with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age. (当婴儿的期望在类似猫的实验中被违背时，婴儿的反应就像他们的动物朋友一样。心理学家已经证明，婴儿显然早在两个月大的时候就期望他们的世界符合物理定律和因果关系)”可知，在类似猫的实验中，（期望他们的世界符合物理定律和因果关系的）婴儿的反应就像猫一样，说明猫与物理世界的互动非常像人类。故选B项。

D

Are you aware of how you are breathing? A study by the Federal University Sergipe in Brazil showed a higher occurrence of learning disabilities among mouth breathers, concluding that mouth breathers are more likely to have learning difficulties than nasal (鼻的) breathers.

While smell is a very important sense, the nose has other important responsibilities. When someone breathes through the mouth, they are ignoring several important functions of the nose. To name a few, the nose warms and wets the air you breathe to make it more suitable for your lungs. Nasal breathing also increases levels of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a key molecule (分子) used throughout the body. Another very important function of the nose is that it controls airflow and helps prevent over-breathing. So how can you over breathe? Breathing in and out more air than necessary results in a state of reduced carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in the blood. Brain function will be damaged when you breathe too much. The loss of carbon dioxide from improper breathing isn’t serious enough to be easily noticeable. But over time the habit can take its toll on the brain and body.

Patrick McKeown, author of the Oxygen Advantage explains that if we breathe a relatively small amount of air by breathing slowly through the nose, we increase the amount of carbon dioxide inside us and can deliver more oxygen to our muscles and organs, including the heart and the brain. Scott Jurek, one of the famous marathon runners in the world, says that for runners，one of the most important things to learn is to practice nasal breathing. Anthropologist (古人类学家) Wade Davis has studied and lived with fifteen different groups of native people. Davis was most impressed by the fact that these hunters never opened their mouths to breathe during the hunt.

In the animal world, mouth breathing is rarely seen unless it is falling ill. In humans, chronic (长期的) mouth breathing can lead to cavities (龋洞), gum disease, lowered immune function, digestive disturbances, poor sleep quality, and can result in crooked teeth and even poorly developed facial structure.

32 What does the underlined phrase probably mean?

A. benefit B. have a great influence on

C. damage D. do good to

33. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?

A. Why the nose is critical to our body B. How breathing patterns affect the body

C. How the brain takes in oxygen D. What over-breathing is

34. Why the author mention the three persons in paragraph 3?

A. To illustrate breathing patterns

B. To raise the awareness of the importance of running

C. To stress the significance of nasal breathing

D. To remind readers to breathe more

35. Which is NOT the advantage of nasal breathing?

A. warm and wet the air you breathe B. increase levels of nitric oxide

C. prevent over-breathing D. lead to lowered immune function

【答案】32. C    33. B    34. C    35. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现比起用鼻子呼吸，用嘴呼吸的人更有可能有学习困难。

【32题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The loss of carbon dioxide from improper breathing isn’t serious enough to be easily noticeable. (呼吸不当造成的二氧化碳损失并不严重到容易被察觉)”和表示转折意义的but可知，虽然呼吸不当造成的二氧化碳损失并不严重，但随着时间的推移，这个习惯会对大脑和身体造成损害。由此可知，take its toll on意为“伤害”，与damage同义。故选C。

【33题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Nasal breathing also increases levels of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a key molecule (分子) used throughout the body. Another very important function of the nose is that it controls airflow and helps prevent over-breathing. So how can you over breathe? Breathing in and out more air than necessary results in a state of reduced carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in the blood. Brain function will be damaged when you breathe too much. The loss of carbon dioxide from improper breathing isn’t serious enough to be easily noticeable. But over time the habit can take its toll on the brain and body.(鼻呼吸还会增加一氧化氮的水平，一氧化氮是一种用于全身的关键分子。鼻子的另一个重要功能是控制气流，防止过度呼吸。那么怎样才能过度呼吸呢?吸入和呼出的空气过多会导致血液中的二氧化碳减少。呼吸过多会损害大脑功能。呼吸不当造成的二氧化碳损失并不严重到容易被察觉。但随着时间的推移，这个习惯会对大脑和身体造成损害)”可知，本段主要介绍了用嘴呼吸对给身体带来的影响。故选B。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的“Patrick McKeown, author of the Oxygen Advantage explains that if we breathe a relatively small amount of air by breathing slowly through the nose, we increase the amount of carbon dioxide inside us and can deliver more oxygen to our muscles and organs, including the heart and the brain. (《氧气优势》一书的作者帕特里克·麦基翁解释说，如果我们用鼻子缓慢呼吸，呼吸相对少量的空气，我们体内的二氧化碳量就会增加，可以向我们的肌肉和器官输送更多的氧气，包括心脏和大脑)”推知，本段下文提到三个人的目的是强调用鼻呼吸的重要性。故选C。

【35题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的“To name a few, the nose warms and wets the air you breathe to make it more suitable for your lungs. Nasal breathing also increases levels of nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a key molecule (分子) used throughout the body. Another very important function of the nose is that it controls airflow and helps prevent over-breathing. (举几个例子，鼻子可以温暖和湿润你呼吸的空气，使它更适合你的肺。鼻呼吸还会增加一氧化氮的水平，一氧化氮是一种用于全身的关键分子。鼻子的另一个重要功能是控制气流，防止过度呼吸)”可知，用鼻子呼吸可以温暖和湿润呼入的空气，增加一氧化氮水平以及防止过度呼吸。D项“导致免疫系统降低”不是它的优势。故选D。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分。)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you’ve ever wondered how often you should shampoo (用洗发剂洗) your hair, you’re not alone. ____36____ While many people prefer to wash their hair daily, others think that once every few days is best. But that still leaves us with the very important question - how much is too much?

____37____ When you wash your hair with shampoo, the surfactant (表面活性剂) in the shampoo mixes with water and works to clean dirt and oil from your hair. Although clean hair is definitely a good thing, frequent shampooing can lead to some problems such as split ends (发梢开叉) and dull hair.

Most people who wash their hair every day say they do it to avoid a build-up of oil. But in fact, skipping a wash is the best way to prevent oil from building up. Most often the oily substance in your hair doesn’t come from natural oil but from the products you use for treatment and styling. ____38____

Actually, how often you should shampoo your hair depends on your hair type. People who sweat a lot or live in a humid area may need to shampoo their hair more frequently. ____39____ If your hair is oily, you should try to use a shampoo that is specially designed for oily hair.

Since thicker hair collects less oil, it’ll need less washing. ____40____ Anyway, the best way to know how often to wash your hair is to experiment. As long as you don’t have scalp (头皮) problems, you can wash your hair once a week.

A. It is evident that shampoo can be harmful to your hair.

B. Oily hair, on the other hand, is more difficult to deal with.

C. Washing your hair every day can be costly and unhelpful.

D. It’s a question that has been bothering thousands of people.

E. In addition, dry and curly hair can often be left unwashed for days.

F. You may notice some changes if you start skipping washing your hair.

G. To answer that, we first need to understand what happens when you wash your hair.

【答案】36. D    37. G    38. F    39. B    40. E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了针对不同的头发情况需要多久洗一次头。

【36题详解】

根据前文“If you’ve ever wondered how often you should shampoo (用洗发剂洗) your hair, you’re not alone.(如果你曾经想过应该多久洗头一次，那么你并不孤单。)”可知，此处是指应该多久洗头一次这个问题困扰着很多人，所以选项D“这个问题一直困扰着成千上万的人。”切合文意。故选D。

【37题详解】

根据后文“When you wash your hair with shampoo, the surfactant (表面活性剂) in the shampoo mixes with water and works to clean dirt and oil from your hair. (当你用洗发水洗头时，洗发水中的表面活性剂与水混合，可以清洁头发上的污垢和油脂。)”可知，此处是讲洗头发时发生了什么，所以选项G“要回答这个问题，我们首先需要了解洗头时发生了什么。”切合文意。故选G。

【38题详解】

根据前文“But in fact, skipping a wash is the best way to prevent oil from building up. Most often the oily substance in your hair doesn’t come from natural oil but from the products you use for treatment and styling.(但事实上，不洗是防止油脂积聚的最好方法。大多数情况下，头发中的油性物质不是来自天然油脂，而是来自你用于护理和造型的产品。)”可知，此处是讲不要天天洗头发，所以选项F“如果你开始不洗头，你会注意到一些变化。”切合文意。故选F。

【39题详解】

根据后文“If your hair is oily, you should try to use a shampoo that is specially designed for oily hair.(如果你的头发是油性的，你应该尝试使用专门为油性头发设计的洗发水。)”可知，此处是指油性头发该怎么处理。所以选项B“另一方面，油性头发则更难处理。”切合文意。故选B。

【40题详解】

根据前文“Since thicker hair collects less oil, it’ll need less washing.(因为较厚的头发吸收的油脂较少，需要清洗的次数也较少。)”可知，此处是讲什么类型的头发需要清洗的次数较少，in addition表示并列关系，所以选项E“此外，干燥卷曲的头发经常可以几天不洗头。”切合文意。故选E。

第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)

第一节(共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。

Can you remember the first time you received a generous act? I can’t, but I ___41___remember the first time I understood the meaning of generosity.

I was in Grade Four. Fred was a boy in my class who lived in difficult conditions.His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary(文具) that he needed, and one of the basic items he ___42___ was colored pencils. So every time we needed to use colored pencils, Fred would ___43___ some of mine.

Knowing this, my mother said it must have been hard for him to always___44___others. Instead of driving home,she drove directly to the closest stationery shop and had me ___45___some for Fred.

The next day I was sent to school with these things and was told to give them to Fred in ___46___;I shouldn’t cause Fred to feel ___47___, but should just give them to him and tell him they were his to ___48___. Receiving these, Fred looked ___49___at first, then happy and proud. He had his own stationery!

To me, it’s okay to let Fred use my pencils. However, my mom realized what a ___50___it would make for Fred to have his own. Generosity is___51___an opportunity to do something within your ___52___. Besides, it’s never limited to material things. Thinking creatively and sharing ___53___to help others find solutions are also acts of generosity. Give someone your time and ___54___by listening mindfully. More importantly, it isn’t doing something to be seen but giving with no ___55___of anything in exchange.

41. A. vaguely B. hardly C. clearly D. typically

42. A. owned B. lost C. mentioned D. lacked

43. A. borrow B. collect C. show D. exchange

44. A. care about B. rely on C. cheer for D. appeal to

45. A. select B. remember C. design D. recommend

46. A. caution B. person C. return D. secret

47. A. surprised B. confused C. embarrassed D. disappointed

48. A. present B. keep C. notice D. treasure

49. A. uncertain B. unaware C. pleasant D. urgent

50. A. fortune B. difference C. name D. commitment

51. A. offering B. missing C. bringing D. finding

52. A. responsibility B. capability C. availability D. possibility

53. A. wisdom B. benefit C. contribution D. approval

54. A. politeness B. attention C. permission D. curiosity

55. A. argument B. hesitation C. doubt D. expectation

【答案】41. C    42. D    43. A    44. B    45. A    46. D    47. C    48. B    49. A    50. B    51. D    52. B    53. A    54. B    55. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者在四年级的时候给予同学弗雷德的善意举动，说明慷慨就是找到一个机会，在你的能力范围内做一些事情，慷慨的给予是不期望任何东西的交换。

【41题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：你还记得你第一次收到慷慨的礼物是什么时候吗？我不能，但我清楚地记得我第一次理解慷慨的意义。A. vaguely模糊地；B. hardly几乎不；C. clearly清晰地；D. typically典型地。根据下文“I was in Grade Four”可知，我第一次理解慷慨的含义是四年级的时候，所以此处指我清晰地记得时间。故选C。

42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父母买不起他所需要的所有文具，他缺少的基本物品之一就是彩色铅笔。A. owned 拥有；B. lost 丢失；C. mentioned提到；提及；D. lacked缺乏。根据前文“His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary(文具) that he needed”可知，因为他的家庭买不起他需要的文具，所以此处指他缺的东西就是彩色铅笔。故选D。

【43题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以每次我们需要用彩色铅笔的时候，弗雷德都会借我的一些。A. borrow借入；B. collect 收集；C. show 显示；D. exchange交流；根据前文“His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary(文具) that he needed”可知，因为他的家庭买不起他需要的文具，所以他没有彩色铅笔，此处指当他需要的时候，他就会借用我的铅笔。故选A。

【44题详解】

考查短语词义辨析。句意：知道了这一点，我母亲说，对他来说，总是依赖别人一定很难。A. care about 关系；B. rely on 依赖；C. cheer for为……欢呼；D. appeal to呼吁。根据前文“every time we needed to use colored pencils, Fred would 　　3　　some of mine.”可知，每次他需要彩色铅笔时就会借用我的，说明他对我有依赖感。故选B。

【45题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有开车回家，而是直接开到最近的文具店，让我给弗雷德挑一些。A. select挑选；B. remember记住；C. design设计；D. recommend推荐。结合前文“every time we needed to use colored pencils, Fred would 　　3　　some of mine.”及“she drove directly to the closest stationery shop and had me”可知，此处指妈妈开车带我到最近的文具店，让我给弗雷德挑一些文具。故选A。

【46题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我带着这些东西被送到学校，并被告知要秘密地交给弗雷德; 我不应该让弗雷德感到尴尬，而应该把它们交给他，并告诉他这些东西是他的。A. caution谨慎；B. person 人；C. return返回；D. secret秘密。根据下文“just give them to him and tell him they were his”可知，此处指让我秘密地给弗雷德，in secret“秘密地，悄悄地”，符合题意，故选D。

【47题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我带着这些东西被送到学校，并被告知要秘密地交给弗雷德; 我不应该让弗雷德感到尴尬，而应该把它们交给他，并告诉他这些东西是他的。A. surprised感到吃惊的；B. confused感到困惑的；C. embarrassed感到尴尬的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根据下文“just give them to him and tell him they were his”可知，这样做是为了不让弗雷德感到尴尬。故选C。

【48题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我带着这些东西被送到学校，并被告知要秘密地交给弗雷德; 我不应该让弗雷德感到尴尬，而应该把它们交给他，并告诉他这些东西是他的。A. present 呈现；B. keep 保留；C. notice注意到；D. treasure珍惜。根据前文“just give them to him and tell him they were his”可知，告诉他这些东西是他的，那么他就可以留下这些文具。故选B。

【49题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到这些文具后，弗雷德先是一脸茫然，接着又高兴又自豪。A. uncertain不确定的；B. unaware未意识到的；C. pleasant 愉快的；D. urgent急迫的；迫切的。结合前文“His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary”及“give them to him and tell him they were his”可知，拿到这些“属于”他的文具，这让弗雷德一开始觉得不确定，很茫然，故选A。

【50题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我妈妈意识到对于弗雷德而言，拥有自己文具会带来多大的不同。A. fortune运气；财富；B. difference差异；C. name 名字；D. commitment承诺。短语： make a difference“有影响，起（重要）作用”，此处指拥有文具对弗雷德是重要的。故选B。

【51题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：慷慨就是找到一个机会，在你的能力范围内做一些事情。A. offering提供；B. missing失去；C. bringing带来；D. finding找到。根据下文“an opportunity to do something”可知，此处指找到做一些事情的机会，故选D。

【52题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：慷慨就是找到一个机会，在你的能力范围内做一些事情。A. responsibility责任心；B. capability能力；C. availability可用性；D. possibility可能性。根据前文内容可知，在获知弗雷德的家庭无法实现其拥有文具的事实后，作者的妈妈带作者到文具店帮弗雷德买文具，可知，这是在作者妈妈能力之内可以做的事情。故选B。

【53题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：创造性地思考和分享智慧来帮助别人找到解决方案也是慷慨的行为。A. wisdom智慧；B. benefit 好处；C. contribution贡献；D. approval赞成。根据前文“it’s never limited to material things”可知，慷慨不局限与物质的东西，所以此处应用wisdom，表示精神上一样可以实现慷慨行为。故选A。

【54题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：给别人你的时间和注意力，用心倾听。A. politeness礼貌；B. attention 注意力；C. permission许可；D. curiosity 好奇心。根据下文“by listening mindfully”可知，倾听的时候要投入注意力。故选B。

【55题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，它不是做一些被看到的事情，而是给予，不期望任何东西作为交换。A. argument争论；B. hesitation犹豫；C. doubt怀疑；D. expectation期待。结合下文“anything in exchange”可知，此处指慷慨的给予是不期望任何东西的交换。故选D。

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)

第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Hu Ge has been playing roles that fit his age. At 23, he was adventurous and  ___56___ (courage) Li Xiaoyao in Chinese Paladin, truly ___57___ (define) the appearance of “China’s best actor of period drama”. At 33, he was the  ___58___ (hide) and disguised playboy Ming Ting in The Disguiser. In 2016, after he won the Magnolia Award ___59___ Nirvan in Fire, fame and fortune came to him again, and he could be seen slowing down visibly.

However, fame and fortune are not the ___60___  (meaning) of Hu Ge’s survival after the car accident. He has not taken further advantage of his top popularity, nor has he been forced by___61___ rules of the showbiz. He is never afraid of ___62___  (forget). Every time he appears in public, he comes with his work and then ___63___ (appear) with it, remaining out of the public attention for several months. Hu Ge is no longer what he was years ago. He ___64___ (experience) joy and sorrow, life and death. He looks at life more lightly and is more low-key. “What has not defeated me will eventually bring me achievements.”

This is ___65___  few people dislike Hu Ge.

【答案】56. courageous   

57. defining   

58. hidden    59. for   

60. meanings   

61. the    62. being forgotten   

63. disappears   

64. has experienced   

65. why

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了演员胡歌的演绎经历和人生经历。

【56题详解】

考查形容词。句意：23岁时，他在《仙剑奇侠传》中饰演富有冒险精神和勇气的李逍遥，真正定义了“中国最佳年代剧演员”的形象。分析可知，空处应填所给词的形容词形式与上文adventurous并列作定语，修饰名词Li Xiaoyao。故填courageous。

【57题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语动词was，且无连词，故空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语he和define之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填defining。

【58题详解】

考查形容词。句意：33岁时，他是《伪装者》里那个隐蔽伪装的花花公子明台。空处应填所给词的形容词形式和下文disguised并列作定语，修饰名词playboy。故填hidden。

【59题详解】

考查介词。句意：2016年，在他凭借《琅琊榜》获得白玉兰奖后，名声和财富再次降临，可以看到他明显放慢了脚步。结合句意可知，此处是指“因为”电视剧《琅琊榜》而获奖，介词for符合题意。故填for。

【60题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：然而，名声和财富并不是胡歌在车祸后幸存下来的意义。结合句意和句子结构，空处应填名词作表语，此处指“名声和财富”这两种意义，应用meaning的复数形式。故填meanings。

【61题详解】

考查冠词。句意：他没有进一步利用自己的高人气，也没有被娱乐圈的规则所强迫。结合句意，此处特指娱乐圈的规则，应用定冠词the修饰名词rules。故填the。

【62题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他从不害怕被忘记。介词of后用动名词作宾语，且逻辑主语he和forget之间为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动式being done。故填being forgotten。

【63题详解】

考查时态。句意：每次出现在公共场合他都带着自己作品，然后又带着它消失，一连好几个月都淡出公众的视野。空处和上文comes是并列的谓语动词，故也用一般现在时，结合句意表示“消失”用动词disappear，主语是he，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填disappears。

【64题详解】

考查时态。句意：他已经经历了快乐和悲伤、生与死。根据上文“Hu Ge is no longer what he was years ago.”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。故填has experienced。

【65题详解】

考查表语从句。句意：那就是为什么机会没有人不喜欢胡歌。空处引导表语从句，句子成分完成，缺少“为什么”之意，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)

66. 假设你是高二学生李华，你的留学生好友Mark体重超重。请根据自己经验，给Mark写一封邮件，给他提一些建议。内容包括：

1.表示关切；

2.提供建议；

3.表达祝愿。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mark,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Lihua

【答案】Dear Mark,

Concerned to learn that you are overweight, I’m writing to give you some suggestions based on own experience for your consideration.

Firstly, it’s essential for you to cut down on your calories intake while keeping a balanced diet, including proper amount of protein, vitamins and sugar. In addition, it’s a good idea to do some sport on a regular basis, such as jogging and swimming, which can not only help you burn calories but also help you keep fit. All in all, only by forming a good eating habit and keeping working out can you lose weight and have a nice figure.

Hope my suggestions are of help to you and you’ll lose your weight safely and steadily.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给留学生好友Mark写一封邮件，给他提一些注意健康的建议。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

给，提供：give → offer

建议：suggestion→ advice

必需的：essential → necessary

减少：cut down → reduce

2. 句式拓展

简单句变为复合句

原句：Concerned to learn that you are overweight, I’m writing to give you some suggestions based on own experience for your consideration.

拓展句：Concerned to learn that you are overweight, I’m writing to give you some suggestions, which are based on own experience for your consideration.

【点睛】【高分句型1】

Firstly, it’s essential for you to cut down on your calories intake while keeping a balanced diet, including proper amount of protein, vitamins and sugar. （运用了it作形式主语和状语从句的省略）

【高分句型2】

All in all, only by forming a good eating habit and keeping working out can you lose weight and have a nice figure.（运用了部分倒装）

第二节: 读后续写 (满分 25 分)

67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

A Boy With a Mission

In1945,a 12-year-old boy saw something in a shop window that met his heart racing. But the price-- five dollars--was far beyond Reuben Earle’s means. Five dollars would buy almost a week’s food for his family.

Reuben couldn’t ask his father for the money. Everything Mark Earle made through fishing in Bay Roberts. Reuben’s mother, Dora, struggled to feed and clothe their five children.

Nevertheless, he opened the shop’s weathered door. He told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding,“Can you please hold it for me for some time?” “I’ll try,” the shopkeeper smiled.

Reuben respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out into the sunlight.There was purpose in his walk. He would raise the five dollars and not tell anybody.

When he stopped at a construction site, Reuben had an idea. People built their own homes in Bay Roberts. Sometimes nail sacks(麻袋)were thrown, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the local factory for five cents a piece.

That day he found two sacks, which he took to the wooden factory and sold to the man in charge of  packing nails.

The boy’s hand tightly held the five-cent pieces as he ran the two kilometers home. It was dinnertime when Reuben got home. He looked at his mother and smiled. Sunlight from the window fell upon her shoulder-length golden hair. Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home, the glue that held it together.

Her chores were never-ending: sewing clothes, cooking meals, baking bread and planting. But she was happy. Her family and their happiness were her highest priority.

Every day after school, Reuben was busy collecting the nail bags. Often he was cold, tired and hungry, but the thought of the object in the shop window encouraged him to hold on.

Finally, spring burst into green and Reuben’s spirits erupted. The time had come! He poured the coins out and began to count. Then he counted again. It would be enough if he sold two more sacks. Reuben ran down Water Street. The shadows were lengthening when Reuben arrived at the factory.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

The sack buyer was about to lock up.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Racing home, Reuben burst through the front door.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】参考范文：

The sack buyer was about to lock up. ①“Mister! Please don’t close up,” Reuben begged. The man turned and saw Reuben, dirty and wet through. “I have to sell the sacks now-please.” The man heard tears in Reuben’s voice.②Understandingly, the man took the sacks, reached into his pocket and put four coins in Reuben’s hand. ③Reuben murmured a“thank you” and ran to the shop to fetch his treasure. The shopkeeper wiped the dust off and gently placed a small parcel in his hands.

Racing home, Reuben burst through the front door. ④ His mother was cooking in the kitchen.“Here, Mum! Here!” Reuben exclaimed as he ran to her side. He placed the parcel in her rough hand. ⑤ She unwrapped it carefully, to save the paper. A blue jewel box appeared. Dora lifted the lid, tears beginning to blur her vision. ⑥Carved on its surface was the word Mother. It was Mother’s Day, 1946. Dora had never received such a gift; actually she had no gifts except her wedding ring. Speechless, she smiled brightly and gathered her son into her arms. (167 words)

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了12岁的男孩Reuben Earle为了商店橱窗里五美元的东西努力存钱。他每天通过捡拾人们扔掉的麻袋并卖麻袋的方式来存这笔钱。每天放学后，Reuben都忙着收集麻袋，虽说他常常又冷又累又饿，但是一想到商店橱窗里的东西，他就坚持了下来。终于到了快存够钱的时候，Reuben倒出存的钱，数了一遍又一遍。他知道再卖两个麻袋钱就够了。Reuben沿着Water Street跑向工厂。

【详解】1. 段落续写

①根据第一段首句“买麻袋的人正要锁门。”可知接下来的段落可以描述Reuben请求买麻袋的人买下麻袋，然后Reuben拿着钱到商店取回了自己让店主帮忙保留的宝贝。

②根据第二段首句“Reuben 急匆匆地跑回家，从前门冲了进来。”可知，接下来的内容可以描述Reuben把买到的宝贝递给妈妈，妈妈看到礼物很是感动，她抱住自己的儿子。

2. 续写线索

准备锁门——祈求——买下麻袋——拿到钱——买下宝贝——回家——递给妈妈——妈妈感动

3. 词汇激活

行为类

祈求，恳求：beg/ask/entreat

小声说：murmur/sound/muffle

呼喊：exclaim/shout/utter/express

情绪类

温柔地：gently/mildly/softly

幸福地，开心地：brightly/cheerfully/delightfully

【点睛】【高分句型1】

The man turned and saw Reuben, dirty and wet through. （运用了形容词作状语）

【高分句型2】

Dora lifted the lid, tears beginning to blur her vision. （运用了分词独立主格）