2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年天津市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语含答案，共29页。

 天津一中 2022-2023-1 高一年级英语学科期末质量调查试卷
本试卷分为第 I 卷(选择题)、第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分，共 100 分，考试用时 90 分钟。第 I 卷 1至 4 页，第 II 卷 5 至 5 页。考生务必将答案涂写答题纸或答题卡的规定位置上，答在试卷上的无效。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第 I 卷
I. 听力(共 20 小题;每小题 0.5 分，满分 10 分)
第一节. 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Why did the woman feel down?
A. Because a VIP customer criticized her.
B. Because her boss didn’t want to discuss with her.
C. Because her boss criticized her.
2. What is the woman going to do?
A. Take a training course. B. Work in the headquarter. C. Have a holiday.
3. What does the man’s boss give his employees a pay rise by?
A. By the length of work time.
B. By the employees’ performance at work.
C. By the employees’ request.
4 What’s wrong with the woman?
A. She doesn’t like video conference.
B. She doesn’t know how to use the equipment.
C. She has nobody to help her.
5. Which classroom should the man go in?
A. Room 260, Building C22. B. Room 206, Building C21. C. Room 206, Building C22.
第二节. 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每一小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》
6. What is the woman going to do after the talking?
A. Do some shopping. B. Watch TV. C. Go to the beach.
7. What was the weather like last weekend?
A. Warm. B. Windy. C. Rainy.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Why is the man in a hurry?
A. He’s going to buy some flowers. B. He has a date tonight. C. His neighbor is in hospital.
9. How did the woman get to know the man’s aunt?
A. She is living next door to her.
B. She used to be her neighbor.
C. The man introduced them to each other.
10. Where did the man’s aunt hurt her back?
A. On the bed. B. In the garden. C. In the bathroom.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. At a gym. C. In a restaurant.
12. Who was/were not satisfied with the opening time of the swimming pool?
A. The man. B. The man’s kids. C. The man’s wife.
13. How much will the man pay?
A. $115. B. $123. C. $131.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What are they mainly talking about?
A. How to keep healthy. B. How to form good eating habits. C. How to lose weight.
15. What’s the advantage of beans?
A. They provide energy. B. They are good for the heart. C. They are good for the brain.
16. Which of the following foods do the speakers NOT mention?
A. Fast food. B. Tomatoes. C. Potatoes.
17. What does the man think of drinking?
A. It does more harm than good.
B. If you drink, you need to stop.
C. A little wine per day is good for one’s health.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What do we know about the fire?
A. Mary and her husband were both at home when it happened.
B. Mary was responsible for the fire.
C. Mary’s husband reported the fire at 2:30.
19. When did Mary’s husband stop smoking?
A. A month ago. B. Five months ago. C. Six months ago.
20. What happened to Mary’s husband after the fire?
A. He was cared for in a nursing home.
B. He became completely silent.
C. He tried to kill himself.
II. 单项选择(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
1. —I’m travelling to Sydney tomorrow. Would you tell me something about your experiences there?
—________. Let’s talk about it over tea.
A. That’s all right B. By all means C. It depends D. My pleasure
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我明天将去悉尼旅行。你能告诉我一些你在那里的的经历吗？——当然可以。我们边喝茶边聊吧。A. That’s all right没关系；B. By all means当然可以；C. It depends看情况；D. My pleasure这是我的荣幸。分析句意可知，此处用于回答别人的请求，且根据后文可知，后者同意了请求，By all means符合语境。故选B项。
2. They are not allowed, unless they have special passes, ________after 11 p.m.
A. from staying out B. to stay out C. staying out D. stay out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：除非他们有特别通行证，否则他们晚上11点后不允许在外过夜。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。所以此处应用stay out的不定式，作宾语补足语。故选B项。
3. —I ran into a big tree on the way to school this morning. My head still aches a lot.
—I’m sorry to hear that. I suppose you________the cellphone then.
A. checked B. were checking C. have checked D. had checked
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我今早在上学的路上撞到了一棵大树。我的头到现在还疼着。——听到这个消息我很遗憾。我想你当时应该是在看手机吧。A. checked一般过去时；B. were checking过去进行时；C. have checked现在完成时；D. had checked过去完成时。结合语意， 当时在看手机的时候撞到了树，也就是表示在过去特定时刻正在做某事，所以应该要用过去进行时。故选B项。
4. It is hard to say what kind of person he is. Sometimes he is very friendly; at other times he ___ be very cold.
A. can B. must C. will D. shall
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：很难说他是哪种人，有时他很友好，也有时候他可能很冷淡。 A. can
表示推测，意为“可能”；B. must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”； C. will表示意愿；D. shall表示征求对方意见，根据“Sometimes he is very friendly”可知此处用can表示“可能、会”，故选A。


5. She may have missed the train,________case she won’t arrive on time.
A. in that B. in which C. whose D. as
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她可能没赶上火车，在这种情况下她就不能准时到达了，根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导非限制定语从句，先行词为“She may have missed the train（她可能没赶上火车）”，先行词指代一件事，与从句通过“in which case”表示“在这种情况下”构成非限制性定语从句，故选B。
6. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .
A. to be breathed B. to breathe
C. breathing D. being breathed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我喜欢夏天早起。呼吸早晨的空气是有益于身心的。形容词后面用不定式，主动表被动，故选B。
7. _____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.
A. Since B. For C. As D. With
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着温度急剧下降，我们无法继续进行实验。A. Since自从……以来，因为；B. For为了；C. As正如，随着；D. With随着。根据后文“the temperature falling so rapidly”可知此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”。故选D。
8. I can’t find my purse. I ________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A. should leave B. could have left C. might leave D. must have left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选B。
9. In most parts of Britain, the black cat is believed to be a(n)________of good luck and owning a black cat may bring good luck to the family.
A. symbol B. sign C. custom D. signal
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国大部分地区，黑猫被认为是好运的象征，拥有一只黑猫可能会给家庭带来好运。A. symbol象征；B. sign迹象；C. custom习俗；D. signal信号。结合语意，英国大部分地区认为拥有一只黑猫可能会给家庭带来好运，所以黑猫是好运的象征。故选A项。
10. The train________they were travelling was late.
A. in which B. by which C. at which D. to which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们旅行乘坐的火车晚点了。分析句意可知，此处需要填写介词+关系代词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the train“火车”，指物，且从句中缺少地点状语，即in the train，应用in which来引导。故选A项。
11. For these reasons, I can draw a safe conclusion that there is________better than singing that will make my life wonderful.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：基于这些理由，我可以得出一个可靠的结论：没有什么比唱歌更能使我的生活变得精彩了。A. something某物；B. anything任何东西；C. nothing没有什么，没有一件东西；D. everything一切，万事。由“better than singing that will make my life wonderful”可知，“否定词+比较级”相当于最高级，句子表示“没有什么比唱歌更能使我的生活变得精彩了”，空格处意为“没有什么，没有一件东西”，故选C。
12. ________, we had planned a tour of Scotland but we didn’t go in the end.
A. Interestingly B. Originally C. Typically D. Eventually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们计划去英国旅行，但最后没有去。A. Interestingly有趣地；B. Originally起初，原来；C. Typically一般，通常；D. Eventually最终。根据“in the end”以及表转折的连接词“but”可知，句子表示“起初，我们计划去英国旅行，但最后没有去”，因此空格处是“起初，原来”，故选B。
13. Just around the corner is a market where you can________some amazing bargains.
A. pick up B. bring up C. catch up D. end up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不远处是一个市场，您可以在那里买到一些惊人的便宜货。A. pick up拾起，买到，学会；B. bring up培养；C. catch up赶上；D. end up最终成为。结合句意可知，在市场上可以买到一些便宜货，pick up意为“（碰巧或廉价地）买到”符合句意。故选A项。
14. After their stay in the hotel the customers praised the manager, who, ________, praised his staff.
A. in doubt B. in charge C. in return D. in turn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这些顾客在宾馆入住之后，曾夸奖这儿的经理。经理则转而对他的员工赞赏有加。A. in doubt有疑问；存在争议；B. in charge主管；掌管；C. in return作为回报；D. in turn相应地；依次；转而。根据句意可知，宾馆经理先是受到顾客的肯定，转而夸奖他的员工，in turn表示同样以别人对待自己的方式对待他人，故选D。
15. ---Must I attend Helen’s party at 7:00 on the dot?
---________. It goes without saying that you can be late a few minutes.
A. Not at all B. Not exactly C. Not really D. Not likely
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：——我必须准时7点参加海伦的聚会吗？——一点也不。毫无疑问你可以迟到几分钟。A. Not at all一点儿也不；B. Not exactly 不完全是；C. Not really不完全是；D. Not likely不见得。根据“It goes without saying that you can be late a few minutes.”可知，此处为否定回答，表达“根本不，一点也不”用not at all。故选A项。
III. 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)
When Brad Ryan was young, he used to stay with his Grandma Joy. “We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown. I____16____knew we shared the respect for nature,” Ryan says.
The two ____17____when Ryan’s parents divorced (离婚), but then they ran into each other 10 years later.
Realizing ____18____he loved his grandmother and regretting missing much time together, he____19____a great plan to spend more time with her. The pair decided to____20____together in their spare time, and they____21____to visit all the U.S. national parks.
“My plan was about ____22____ the decade of the lost time,” Ryan says.
About eight years ago, Ryan was telling Joy about his____23____ 2009 Appalachian Trail thru-hike and his many____24____living in the wilderness.
“Her eyes brightened and then she said, ‘_____25_____, I didn’t get to see more things in life. It would have been nice to see the_____26_____,’”Ryan recalls.
A few years later the two took a trip to the Great Smoky Mountains. Ryan never forgot his_____27_____ with Grandma Joy before they set out.
“That day I_____28_____her at office and said, ‘Are you doing anything this_____29_____? I want to drive down to the Smokies. How do you feel about_____30_____in a tent?’ Her response was quite_____31_____, ‘When are you picking me up?’”
Two days later, they_____32_____late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the_____33_____while Ryan was setting up the tent. At 85, Joy_____34_____to climb 2.3 miles on a trail (小路), receiving high-fives all the way.
“It was a_____35_____trip that provided more purpose and fulfillment (满足) than anything I had ever done,” Ryan says.
16. A. never B. perhaps C. hardly D. always
17. A. disagreed B. separated C. broke down D. gave in
18. A. why B. whether C. how much D. how long
19. A. dropped B. made C. adopted D. changed
20. A. volunteer B. hike C. shop D. travel
21. A. meant B. demanded C. had D. continued
22. A. looking back on B. making up for C. getting back D. learning from
23. A. unexpected B. uncompleted C. uncomfortable D. unforgettable
24. A. difficulties B. threats C. adventures D. misfortunes
25. A. Regretfully B. Finally C. Embarrassedly D. Generally
26. A. friends B. family C. mountains D. sunrise
27. A. conversation B. appointment C. childhood D. memories
28. A. missed B. called C. run into D. heard from
29. A. afternoon B. evening C. weekend D. summer
30. A. sleeping B. eating C. resting D. hiding
31. A. discouraging B. confusing C. interesting D. unhesitating
32. A. started B. arrived C. met D. stayed
33. A. backpacks B. car C. umbrella D. campfire
34. A. managed B. intended C. failed D. promised
35. A. long-lasting B. far-seeing C. breath-taking D. life-changing
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了瑞安为了弥补和奶奶分离的十年时间，制定计划带着奶奶四处旅行的感人故事。
16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：瑞安说：“我一直知道我们共享着对自然地敬畏。”A. never从没；B. perhaps也许；C. hardly几乎不；D. always一直。根据上文“We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown. (我们经常去家乡附近的蓝岩州立公园。)”可知，作者和奶奶一样都喜欢亲近自然，总是一起去公园，因此可推测他一直都清楚两人共同的爱好。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：瑞安的父母离婚后，两人分开了，但10年后他们又相遇了。A. disagreed不同意；B. separated分离；C. broke down出故障；D. gave in屈服。根据下文“when Ryan’s parents divorced (瑞安的父母离婚后)”可知，离婚后的小孩需要跟着一方父母，可推测祖孙两人可能因此分离。故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己有多么爱奶奶，也很遗憾错过了很多时间，他制定了一个伟大的计划，要花更多的时间陪伴奶奶。A. why为什么；B. whether是否；C. how much多少；D. how long多长。根据下文“he loved his grandmother (他爱奶奶)”可知，此处需要使用连接词，引导宾语从句，且此处连接词在从句中作状语修饰“爱”的程度。故选C项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己有多么爱奶奶，也很遗憾错过了很多时间，他制定了一个伟大的计划，要花更多的时间陪伴奶奶。A. dropped落下；B. made制定；C. adopted采用；D. changed改变。根据下文“a great plan (一个伟大的计划)”可知，“计划”一般是与动词“制定”一起使用，此处表示制定计划。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人决定在业余时间一起旅行，并继续参观所有的美国国家公园。A. volunteer志愿者；B. hike徒步；C. shop商店；D. travel旅行；根据下文“visit all the U.S. national parks (参观所有的美国国家公园)”可知，两个人要一起做的事是一起旅行。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两人决定在业余时间一起旅行，并继续参观所有的美国国家公园。A. meant意味着；B. demanded要求；C. had有；D. continued继续。根据上文“We often went to Blue Rock State Park near our hometown. (我们经常去家乡附近的蓝岩州立公园。)”可知，祖孙两人要延续多年前的参观公园的习惯，继续参观更多的公园。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：瑞安说：“我计划是弥补失去的十年时光。”A. looking back on回顾；B. making up for弥补；C. getting back找回；D. learning from从……中学到。根据上文“The two separated when Ryan’s parents divorced (离婚), but then they ran into each other 10 years later. (瑞安的父母离婚后，两人分开了，但10年后他们又相遇了。)”可知，祖孙俩分开十年时间，因此可推测一起旅行是为了弥补这十年。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约八年前，瑞安向奶奶讲述了他难忘的2009年阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行，以及他在荒野中的许多冒险经历。A. unexpected出乎预料的；B. uncompleted未完成的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unforgettable难忘的。根据下文“Her eyes brightened (她的眼睛明亮起来)”可知，奶奶听到她的徒步旅行都变得兴奋起来，可推测这次旅行肯定是令人难以忘怀的。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约八年前，瑞安向奶奶讲述了他难忘的2009年阿巴拉契亚徒步旅行，以及他在荒野中的许多冒险经历。A. difficulties困难；B. threats招待；C. adventures冒险；D. misfortunes不幸。根据下文“living in the wilderness (在荒野中生活)”可知，这样的生活经历可称得上冒险之旅。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：瑞安回忆道：“她眼睛一亮，然后说：‘很遗憾，我没能看到更多生活中的东西。如果能看到山就好了。’”。A. Regretfully遗憾地；B. Finally最后；C. Embarrassedly尴尬地；D. Generally通常。根据下文“It would have been nice to see the mountains.( 如果能看到山就好了。)”可知，没有看到山，奶奶心里有遗憾。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞安回忆道：“她眼睛一亮，然后说：‘很遗憾，我没能看到更多生活中的东西。如果能看到山就好了。’”。A. friends朋友；B. family家人；C. mountains山脉；D. sunrise日出。根据下文“A few years later the two took a trip to the Great Smoky Mountains. (几年后，两人去了大烟山。)”可知，瑞安安排两人去大烟山旅行是为了弥补奶奶的遗憾，故奶奶此处应该是感慨如果能够去参观山脉该多好。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞安从没忘记出发前他和奶奶茱伊的谈话。A. conversation谈话；B. appointment约定；C. childhood童年；D. memories回忆。根据下文“That day I called her at office (那天我在办公室给她打了电话)”和对他和奶奶之间谈话的描述可知，他们通过电话有一次谈话。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：那天，我在办公室给她打电话，说：“你这个周末要忙什么事吗？”A. missed错过，思念；B. called打电话；C. run into偶遇；D. heard from听说。根据下文“at office (在办公室)”可知，能在办公室和奶奶说话，肯定是通过打电话。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，我在办公室给她打电话，说：“你这个周末要忙什么事吗？”A. afternoon下午；B. evening傍晚；C. weekend周末；D. summer夏天。根据下文“Two days later, they arrived late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the umbrella while Ryan was setting up the tent. (两天后，他们在周五深夜冒雨抵达，乔伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷。)”可知，他们俩人周五晚上才到达目的地，可推测是准备在这座山上度过周末。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你觉得在帐篷里睡觉怎么样？A. sleeping睡觉；B. eating吃东西；C. resting休息；D. hiding躲藏。根据下文“in a tent (在帐篷里)”可知，在野外时，帐篷是用来居住睡觉的设备。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的回复毫不犹豫。A. discouraging使气馁的；B. confusing疑惑的；C. interesting有趣的；D. unhesitating毫不犹豫的。根据下文“When are you picking me up? (你什么时候来接我？)”可知，奶奶直接第一时间问时间，这表明她丝毫没有犹豫去还是不去。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两天后，他们在周五深夜冒雨抵达，茱伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷。A. started开始；B. arrived到达；C. met相遇；D. stayed保持。根据下文“late on Friday night in the rain with Joy holding the umbrella while Ryan was setting up the tent (周五深夜冒雨，乔伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷)”可知，他们在目的地搭帐篷时肯定是到达了大烟山的时候。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两天后，他们在周五深夜冒雨抵达，茱伊撑着伞，瑞安正在搭帐篷。A. backpacks双肩包；B. car汽车；C. umbrella雨伞；D. campfire篝火。根据上文“in the rain (在雨中)”可知，奶奶是在雨中给搭帐篷的孙子撑伞。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：85岁的茱伊成功爬了2.3英里小路，一路上一片欢呼。A. managed成功做某事；B. intended打算；C. failed失败；D. promised保证。根据下文“receiving high-fives all the way (一路上一片欢呼)”可知，路人之所以为奶奶欢呼，是因为她成功爬了那么远距离的山路，manage to do固定搭配，“设法做成某事”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瑞安说：“这是一次改变人生的旅行，相比我做过的任何事情，这次旅途给了我更多意义和成就感。”A. long-lasting长效的；B. far-seeing有远见的；C. breath-taking屏住呼吸的；D. life-changing改变人生的。根据下文“provided more purpose and fulfillment (满足) than anything I had ever done (比我做过的任何事情都提供了更多意义和成就感)”可知，这件事情对他影响巨大，可以说改变了他的人生。故选D项。
IV. 阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
A
What follows are just a few of the global destinations given World Heritage status by UNESCO. They could be your family’s next vacation.
Wildlife Wonders
The Okavango Delta in northern Botswana is one of southern Africa’s biggest and most biodiverse freshwater watersheds (流域) and a dream destination for animal lovers of all ages. It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans.
Fairy Chimneys
Central Turkey’s Göreme National Park is a dry region of volcanic stone that takes fantastic forms, which often called fairy chimneys (仙女烟囱). Some of the most striking sights are villages carved into the volcanic stone. The Göreme Open Air Museum, valley hikes, cave hotels, hot air balloon rides, and guided tours are highlights for all ages.
The Earliest Mummies (木乃伊)
Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks, Chile’s Chinchorro mummies are 2,000 years older than Egypt’s. At San Miguel de Azapa Archaeological Museum, only a few of the 300 samples are on view, while at Colón 10, visitors can see 48 mummies buried in the earth through a glass floor.
Dinosaur Fossils
Dinosaur Provincial Park in Canada gives some paleontologists (古生物学者) a chance to explore landscapes. Although visitors are not permitted to dig in this fragile environment, the park offers a full schedule of family-friendly fossil tours, guided activities, and dinosaur displays. Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.
36. Which of the following highlights the Okavango Delta?
A. Beautiful villages. B. Rare freshwater fishes.
C. Diverse wildlife species. D. Striking views of mountains.
37. Where should visitors go if they desire to see the earliest mummies?
A. Botswana. B. Chile. C. Egypt. D. Canada.
38. What can visitors do at Dinosaur Provincial Park?
A. Have a night camping trip. B. Explore landscapes in the valley.
C. Dig for man-made dinosaur fossils. D. Attend a lecture by a paleontologist.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的几个全球景点的相关信息。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wildlife Wonders部分的“It sustains the planet’s most endangered animals, including the largest remaining elephant population, cheetahs, African wild dogs, wattled cranes, and great white pelicans.(这里生活着地球上最濒危的动物，包括现存数量最多的大象、猎豹、非洲野狗、肉垂鹤和大白鹈鹕。)”可知，Okavango Delta的亮点是多样化的野生物种。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Earliest Mummies (木乃伊)部分的“Wrapped simply in reeds and decorated with hair and clay masks, Chile’s Chinchorro mummies are 2,000 years older than Egypt’s.(智利的Chinchorro木乃伊仅用芦苇包裹，用头发和粘土面具装饰，比埃及的木乃伊早了2000年。)”可知，如果游客想看最早的木乃伊，应该去智利。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dinosaur Fossils部分的“Dinosaur Provincial Park(恐龙省立公园)”和“Families can camp out under the stars and dream of the days when various dinosaurs lived in this region.(一家人可以在星空下露营，梦想着各种恐龙生活在这个地区的日子。)”可知，游客在恐龙省立公园可以进行一次夜间露营旅行。故选A。
B
I loved sports and I dreamed of being a star athlete in high school. However, something happened on one winter morning when I was playing a basketball game for my rural league team.
I was having a pretty good game. But then I remembered falling and screaming for help. I didn’t know what was wrong with me. I looked at my leg and it seemed as if I broke it. I was taken to the hospital immediately in an ambulance and then was diagnosed with a dislocated patella (膝盖骨脱臼).
My patella was not put back into place for a few hours because the doctors needed to make sure nothing else was damaged. For a 16-year-old boy, it was a lot to take in. I kept asking different questions, like “How does this heal?” “Will I need surgery?”. I headed home later with some medicine to relieve my pain and an appointment to see a doctor.
Through my doctor’s visit, I learned that it was the way my own body was built that caused my patella to dislocate. A combination of things like the angles of my body, ligaments (韧带) that were too tight in some places and too loose in others, and the fact there was no groove (凹槽) for my patella to sit in. I needed a series of surgeries and 6-month physical treatment to recover. I kept going and eventually I went back to playing sports with a brace (支架) on.
Today, I am feeling much better and both of my knees have remained healthy. I have to continue to keep them strong, though, in order for the surgeries to continue working properly. I can’t say that my confidence is totally back because I will always have the fear of something happening. But I am ready to face difficulties or challenges in the future.
39. What happened to the author when he was playing basketball?
A. He broke his left leg. B. His patella was out of place.
C. His teammate fell to the ground. D. He heard a scream from his teammates.
40. What is the real reason for the author’s injury?
A. His intense sports activity. B. His physical disadvantage.
C. His careless behavior. D. His tight ligaments.
41. What is the author’s attitude toward his present situation?
A. Careful. B. Hopeful. C. Curious. D. Satisfied.
42. What is the text mainly about?
A. An adventurous sporting career B. Enthusiasm for playing sports.
C. A lesson from playing sports. D. An incident of playing sports.
【答案】39. B 40. B 41. A 42. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要记录作者在打篮球过程中意外出事，膝盖骨脱臼，以及过后的手术等事宜。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I was taken to the hospital immediately in an ambulance and then was diagnosed with a dislocated patella (膝盖骨脱臼).( 我立即被救护车送往医院，随后被诊断为膝盖骨脱臼。)”可知，医院诊断出打篮球时出现的状况是膝盖骨脱臼，即错位。故选B项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Through my doctor’s visit, I learned that it was the way my own body was built that caused my patella to dislocate. (通过看医生，我了解到正是我自己身体的构造方式导致了膝盖骨脱臼。)”可知，作者受伤脱臼的原因使自己的身体构造有缺陷。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段一二句“Today, I am feeling much better and both of my knees have remained healthy. I have to continue to keep them strong, though, in order for the surgeries to continue working properly. (现在，我感觉好多了，两个膝盖都保持着健康。不过，为了让手术效果持续奏效，我必须继续保持它们的强壮。)”可知，作者现在很细心地照顾自己的身体。故选A项。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“However, something happened on one winter morning when I was playing a basketball game for my rural league team. (然而，在一个冬天的早晨，当我为我的乡村联赛球队打篮球时，发生了一些事情。)”可知，本句引出下文，故本文主要讲述发生的这件事，即运动过程中发生的一次意外。故选D项。
C
Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many years later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.
“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive (认知的) development during ageing,” says Martin of the University of Toronto, Canada. “In humans, it may put off the appearance of Alzheimer’s symptoms (阿兹海默症), possibly to the point of preventing them.”
Martin’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.
Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.
The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn’t remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.
“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we’re young, at least for rats, has influence on brain and cognitive health — in the form of better memories — when we’re older,” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that, in humans, exercise improves the growth of new brain cells.
43. The study shows that________.
A. exercise when young can prevent memory loss when older in rats
B. physical activity is important for physical health
C. physical activity can prevent human’s Alzheimer’s symptoms
D. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats’ growth
44. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Study. B. Development. C. Benefit. D. Exercise.
45. How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving an example.
C. By showing differences. D. By describing the process.
46. What is the author’s attitude towards the animal study?
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Doubtful.
【答案】43. A 44. D 45. D 46. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍一项关于动物研究的过程，就年轻时锻炼对大脑有终生的好处进行研究。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.(年轻时的锻炼似乎对大脑有终生的好处，至少对老鼠来说是这样)”可知，研究表明，年轻时的锻炼可以防止老鼠年老时的记忆丧失。故选A。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段““This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive (认知的) development during ageing,” says Martin of the University of Toronto, Canada.(“这是一项动物研究，但它表明，年轻时的体育活动非常重要——不仅对身体发育非常重要，对老年人一生的认知发展也非常重要，”加拿大多伦多大学的马丁说)”可知，本段主要介绍一项动物研究，说明体育活动对身体发育和衰老过程中认知发展轨迹很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。由此推知，划线词it指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选D。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Martin’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.(马丁的研究小组将80只年轻雄性大鼠分成两组，并在一组的笼子里放置奔跑的轮子，为期六周。大约四个月后——当老鼠到了中年时，研究小组教会所有的老鼠将电击与特定的盒子联系起来。当被放进盒子里时，它们吓呆了)”以及第四段“Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.(两周后，研究小组在三种情况下对老鼠进行了测试：同一房间里完全相同的盒子，相同的盒子但房间布置不同，以及不同房间里完全不同的盒子)”可推知，第3段和第4段通过描述过程来开展。故选D。
【46题详解】
推断判断题。根据第五段“The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn’t remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.(年轻时没有滚轮的老鼠现在在每种情况下都冻结了相同比例的时间，这表明它们不记得哪一种是危险的。但那些在年轻时就能跑步的人，在两种不同的盒子设置下，冻结的时间要少40%到50%)”可知，文章对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果进行了客观介绍，没有提及个人观点。由此推知，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选C。
D
Though the COVID-19 pandemic has badly affected the food industry, the prefabricated food (预制菜) market has witnessed a fast growth.
“I bought some prefabricated food in late April when my community was locked down due to the coronavirus outbreak,” a Beijing-based resident Yu told Global Times. “It was then that I realized there were so many different sorts of prefabricated food. All you need to do is to put some water into the heating package and a fair meal would be ready in minutes.”
Prefabricated food has become increasingly popular over the last two years, with plenty of companies entering the business and different kinds of productions keeping hitting the shelves. The total market scale for prefabricated food reached 345.9 billion yuan in 2021. It is expected that China’s prefabricated food market will stay a high growth rate in the near future, with a market scale estimated to reach 1.07 trillion yuan in 2026.
Many investors have started to pour money into it. From 2013 to 2021, a total of 71 investments were conducted in the prefabricated food sector(行业). Even so there are problems linked to the growth of the industry. For instance, the prefabricated food industry is made up of a long value chain from production, cold-chain logistics(冷链物流) to delivery, which requires companies to realize smooth operation.
In addition, the sector’s product quality problem has also begun to come under the spotlight, becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers, according to an analysis released by China Consumer Association(CCA). “There are prefabricated food products with no detailed labels and many restaurants do not inform customers when offering them prefabricated food.” CCA’s analysis said.
CCA emphasized that with the rapid development of the prefabricated food market, relevant rules need to be rolled out to promote the standardized development of the industry and to guide the industry’s healthy growth.
47. What can we infer from the Beijing-based resident Yu’s description?
A. She suffered a lot during the period when her community was locked down.
B. She had known prefabricated food quite a lot before the pandemic broke out.
C. The pandemic to some extent increased the popularity of prefabricated food.
D. Numerous cooking skills are needed to prepare prefabricated food at home.
48. What is the current situation of prefabricated food sector?
A. Promising but worthless.
B. Profitable but insecure.
C. Popular but unsuccessful.
D. Well-received but challenging.
49. What does the underlined phrase “come under the spotlight” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Draw people’s great concern.
B. Disappear from people’s sight.
C. Have the potential to get settled.
D. Have a positive effect on customers.
50. What did CCA suggest to promote the healthy growth of the prefabricated food market?
A. Canceling some rules.
B. Making some regulations.
C. Promoting the sales.
D. Enriching the production varieties.
【答案】47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文讲述了疫情在某种程度上推动预制食品市场快速增长。文章分析了预制食品市场的现状，中国食品协会给出了建议，制定相关规定，规范预制食品市场。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段内容“‘I bought some prefabricated food in late April when my community was locked down due to the coronavirus outbreak,’ a Beijing-based resident Yu told Global Times. ‘It was then that I realized there were so many different sorts of prefabricated food. All you need to do is to put some water into the heating package and a fair meal would be ready in minutes.’(北京居民于某告诉《环球时报》:“4月底我们社区因冠状病毒爆发而被封锁时，我买了一些预制食品。就在那时，我意识到有这么多不同种类的预制食物。你所需要做的就是往加热包里放一些水，几分钟内一顿丰盛的饭菜就做好了。”)”可知，于在冠状病毒爆发时注意到有多种不同种类的预制食物，因此可推断，疫情在某种程度上提高了预制食物的受欢迎度。故选C。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Prefabricated food has become increasingly popular over the last two years, with plenty of companies entering the business and different kinds of productions keeping hitting the shelves.( 在过去的两年里，随着大量公司进入这一行业，各种各样的产品不断上架，预制食品变得越来越受欢迎。)”和第四段首句“Many investors have started to pour money into it.( 许多投资者已经开始将资金投入其中。)”可推断预制食品行业很受欢迎，根据第四段的“Even so there are problems linked to the growth of the industry.( 即便如此，该行业的发展也存在一些问题。)”以及第五段的“In addition, the sector’s product quality problem has also begun to come under the spotlight, becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers(此外，该行业的产品质量问题也已开始受到广泛关注，成为消费者最常见的抱怨之一)”可推断，预制行业也存在很多问题，具有挑战性，故选D。
【49题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“becoming one of the most common complaints by consumers , according to an analysis released by China Consumer Association(CCA) (成为消费者最常抱怨的问题之一，根据中国消费者协会（CCA）发布的一项分析报告)”可推断，划线句“the sector’s product quality problem has also begun to come under the spotlight,(该行业的产品质量问题也开始come under the spotlight，)”说明预制食品行业的产品质量受到关注，划线部分与A项“引起人们的极大关注”意思相近。故选A。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“CCA emphasized that with the rapid development of the prefabricated food market, relevant rules need to be rolled out to promote the standardized development of the industry and to guide the industry’s healthy growth.( CCA强调，随着预制食品市场的快速发展，需要出台相关规则，以促进行业的规范发展，引导行业的健康成长。)”可知，CCA建议通过制定相关规则促进预制食品市场的健康发展。故选B。
V. 完成句子：根据所给提示(中文或首字母)，填入适当的词汇，使句意通顺。(10%)
51. We complained to the travel agency about the h________(糟糕的) service during the trip. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】horrible##orrible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们向旅行社投诉旅途中的糟糕服务。分析句意，首字母中文提示可知，此处填写形容词horrible“糟糕的”作定语，修饰名词service，符合语境。故填horrible。
52. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of how he can react more appropriately on such o________ (场合). （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】occasion##ccasion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为新任外交官，他经常思考如何更合理地应对这种场合。根据首字母、汉语提示及句意，此处应用名词occasion作介词on的宾语，根据句意用单数。故填occasion。
53. On the b________of (根据) those facts, we can reach the following conclusion. （根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】basis##asis
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据这些事实，我们能够得出以下结论。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填名词basis“基础”，构成词组on the basis of“根据”。故填basis。
54 Keep the cheeses fresh by w________(包，裹) each one individually.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】wrapping##rapping
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：将每个奶酪单独包装，以达到保鲜的目的。根据汉语提示及句意可知，“包，裹”应用动词wrap，空格处应填写动名词形式，与前面的介词by构成方式状语，故填wrapping。
55. Climbers are brave people, and Robert is no________(也不例外). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】exception
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：登山者是勇敢的人，罗伯特也不例外。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作表语，结合句意和汉语提示，exception意为“例外”且为单数，符合句意。故填exception。
56. However serious a problem you may have, you should g________your courage to face the challenge. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】gather##ather
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战。根据后文“your courage”和首字母g提示可知，gather聚集，积聚(力量和勇气等)，动词，符合题意；情态动词should后需接动词原形。故填gather。
57. Over the years we’ve become quite e________at dealing with these sorts of problems. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】expert##xpert
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：多年来，我们已经很擅长处理这类问题了。根据单词首字母及句意可知，该空格处应填写形容词expert，作表语，be/become expert at固定搭配，意为“擅长；在……方面是专家”。故填expert。
58. Changes occur in the body because of the p________of ageing. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】process##rocess
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：因为老年化的进程，人的身体会发生改变。分析句意和首字母可知，此处需要填写名词process“进程”作介词宾语，表示人体老化的进程。故填process。
59. — Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?
— Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still a________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】available##vailable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：——你能把《飘》借给我吗？——不好意思。我刚把它归还给图书馆。也许它现在还没被其他人借走。根据单词首字母及句意“可得到的；可利用的”以及空格前be动词的可知，该空格处应填写形容词，作表语，描述主语的特征，故填available。
60. — What do you think of store shopping in the future?
— Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but will never be r________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】replaced##eplaced
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你认为将来的商店购物会怎么样？——就我个人而言，它会和家庭购物同时存在，但是永远也不会被家庭购物所替代。分析句意和首字母可知，此处应该使用动词replace“代替”，用于说明家庭购物和商店购物的关系，但是因为“被代替”为被动关系，故谓语动词应该使用过去分词形式。故填replaced。
VI. 书面表达(15%)
61. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jonah来信说，想利用自己的年假来中国体验一下中国的传统节日。在端午节、中秋节和春节中，你建议他来过哪个节？请你回复邮件并说明推荐理由。可以适当添加内容，使文章看起来更加充实，要组成通顺连贯的短文。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的结尾已经给出，不计入总字数。
Dear Jonah,   
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your coming.
Yours ,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jonah,
I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them.
There are many traditional festivals in China, such as the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. But I really hope you can come and spend the Mid-Autumn Festival with me.
The Mid-autumn Festival, a special occasion for family reunion, falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year.
It is to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful moonlight. On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest. It's also a day for special foods like moon cakes.
I am looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jonah来信说，想利用自己的年假来中国体验一下中国的传统节日。在端午节、中秋节和春节中，你建议他来过哪个节？请你回复邮件并说明推荐理由。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：traditional Chinese festivals (中国传统节日)；the Dragon Boat Festival (端午节)；the Mid-autumn Festival (中秋节)；the Spring Festival (春节)；reunion (团聚)等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I'm glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals and want to experience one of them.运用了宾语从句；It is to celebrate the harvest and to enjoy the beautiful moonlight.运用不定式作表语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。