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2022-2023学年天津市耀华中学高一上学期期末考试 英语
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这是一份2022-2023学年天津市耀华中学高一上学期期末考试 英语，共27页。试卷主要包含了 5分;满分10分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
天津市耀华中学 2022—2023学年度第一学期期末考试
高一年级英语学科
(本试卷考试时间90分钟,总分100分)
I 卷(满分80分)
I. 单项选择 (共20小题;每小题0. 5分;满分10分)
1. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
2. Jack is late again.It is ________of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克又迟到了。让别人久等是他的典型作风。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. common普遍的；D. typical典型的。由“Jack is late again”可知，让别人久等是他的典型作风。故选D项。
3. By visiting schools, the expert hopes to ________ children to come up with more ideas to protect the environment.
A. interpret B. defend C. inspire D. present
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过参观学校，专家希望激励孩子们提出更多保护环境的想法。A. interpret解释，口译；B. defend保卫，防御；C. inspire激励，鼓舞；D. present呈现。根据句意，这里是说激励出更多的想法。故选C项。
4. For many affected families cuts to school bus service will mean a big in their morning and afternoon schedules.
A. settlement B. recommendation C. adjustment D. indication
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于许多受影响的家庭来说，削减校车服务意味着他们上午和下午的时间表将有很大的调整。A. settlement解决，处理；B. recommendation建议；C. adjustment调整；D. indication指示。根据后文“in their morning and afternoon schedules.”以及句意可知，此处应指时间表的“调整”。故选C项。全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》
5. If we had taken such effective ________ much earlier, the river would not be polluted so seriously now.
A. treasures B. efforts
C. measures D. actions
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们早采取这么有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被污染的这么严重了。A. treasures财产；珍宝；B. efforts努力；C. measures措施；D. actions行动。根据句意，这里要表达的是采取措施，故选C项。
6. She spent a lot of time helping her father to the stamps which he had collected for years.
A. make up B. pick up C. sort out D. put off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她花了很多时间帮她父亲整理他多年来收集的邮票。A. make up编造，组成；B. pick up捡起，开车接送；C. sort out整理；D. put off推迟。根据“the stamps which he had collected for years.”可知，此处表示整理邮票。故选C。
7. I want to put the photo ________ I can see it every day, because it can remind me of the happy days ________ I spent in the countryside.
A. in which; when B. where; when C. in which; which D. where; which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查地点状语从句和定语从句。句意：我想把这张照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，因为它能让我想起我在农村度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构及句意可知空①为地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where；空②为定语从句，先行词为days，先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which/that ，所以空① 应填where，空② 应填which。故选D项。
8. The young couple will have to rent a house, for their newly bought one ______.
A. is being decorated B. was decorated
C. will decorate D. had decorated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这对年轻夫妇不得不租一所房子，因为他们新买的房子正在装修。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示此时此刻正在进行，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。
9. The girl ________ in an orange astronaut suit was the only student at her school to join the important activity on April 20.
A. dressing B. to be dressed C. having dressed D. dressed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：身穿橙色太空服的女孩是她所在学校唯一参加4月20日这一重要活动的学生。根据句子结构可知，主谓结构是“The girl was”，而从填空处到suit这个部分是对主语the girl的修饰，选项中出现的词汇“dress”有固定的动词短语结构“be dressed in”，表示“穿着……”，但是本句已有谓语动词，填空部分需要使用非谓语动词作后置定语。故选D项。
10. Our country has become the first country in the world________ a spaceship on the far side of the moon successfully.
A. to land B. landed
C. landing D. having landed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我国成为了世界上第一个成功将宇宙飞船降落在月球背面的国家。________ a spaceship on the far side of the moon successfully是定语，修饰the first country。当名词有序数词the first等修饰的时候，用动词不定式作定语。故选A。
11. Linda took a taxi and arrived at the company in twenty minutes, only ________ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. being told
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：琳达乘出租车，二十分钟之内赶到公司，却被告知会议已经推迟了。A. to tell去告诉，动词不定式的一般形式；B. to be told去被告知，动词不定式的被动形式；C. telling告诉，现在分词；D. being told正被告诉，现在分词的被动形式。由语意可知，琳达急忙赶到公司参加会议，会议却推迟了。Only to do作状语，表示意想不到的结果，主语“Linda”和tell之间是被动关系，故使用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故选B项。
12. What is the most important is the way ________ people have worked with each other to protect the environment.
A. in which B. which C. where D. how
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查way作先行词时的定语从句。句意：最重要的是人们相互合作保护环境的方式。定语从句的先行词是way时，如果先行词way在定语从句中作宾语，那么定语从句的关系词应用that/which或省略；如果先行词way在定语从句中作做状语，定语从句的关系词应用that/in which或者省略，此处从句中缺少状语，应用关系词that/in which。故选A项。
13. When you come across a word that you don’t recognise, try to ________ the meaning from the context of the word.
A. pick up B. work out C. show off D. note down
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你遇到一个你不认识的单词时，试着从单词的上下文中推断出它的意思。A. pick up 不费力地学会；B. work out 弄懂；C. show off 炫耀；D. note down 记录。由语意可知，应该是根据上下文弄懂单词的意思。故选B项。
14. When my father feels annoyed, I dare not ask him any questions ________ he scolds me.
A. as though B. in case C. so that D. even if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当我父亲生气时，我不敢问他任何问题，以防他责骂我。A. as though好像、仿佛；B. in case以防、万一；C. so that以便、为了；D. even if即使、虽然。分析句意可知，此处用in case表示“以防”符合语境。故选B项。
15. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们最好带上雨伞。我肯定当我们到达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年这个时候那里都是潮湿的。when引导的时间状语从句适用主将从现，故主句用一般将来时，根据“it’s always wet there at this time of year.”可知，此处表将来一段时间内都在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选C。
16. - Will my car be ready by the end of this week?
- It ________ be, sir. I will give you a call if it is ready.
A. should B. shall C. would D. must
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：——我的车这周末能准备好吗？——应该能，先生，如果准备好了我会给你打电话的。A. should应该会；B. shall将会；C. would将；D. must一定。根据句意，本处表示肯定的推测，根据“I will give you a call if it is ready.”可知，此处指非常有可能的事，用should符合语境。故选A项。
17. I promise to make you all proud again in direction life may take me.
A. however B. wherever C. whenever D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论生活可能把我引向何方，我再次保证让你们所有人为我感到骄傲。介词in后接宾语从句，从句中缺少名词direction的定语，所以用连接代词whatever引导。故选D。
18. The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which, that B. at which,where
C. at which,that D. where, in which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：建桥的地方应该是过江交通最繁忙的地方。分析句子可知，“_____the bridge is supposed to be built ”为定语从句，先行词the place在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where或者at which引导，排除A项；“______the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.”为表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故选B。
19. There was snow everywhere ______ the shapes of things were difficult to identify.
A. so that B. now that
C. for fear that D. on condition that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：到处都是雪，所以东西的形状很难辨认。A. so that因此；所以； B. now that 既然；C. for fear that生怕，唯恐；D. on condition that“如果...；在...条件下，若…则。分析可知，“到处都是雪”和“东西的形状很难辨认”之间是因果关系，因为下雪所以东西的形状难以辨认，用结果状语从句的连词，选A项。
20. ---The drama we saw last night was very romantic.
---_________. I found the acting too bad to be romantic.
A. I can’t agree more B. I’ve got no idea
C. That goes without saying D. Well, I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们昨晚看的话剧很浪漫。——额，恕我不能苟同。我觉得表演太糟糕了，不够浪漫。A.I can’t agree more我再同意不过了；B.I’ve got no idea我不知道；C.That goes without saying那是不言而喻的；D.Well, I beg to differ额，恕我不能苟同。根据I found the acting too bad to be romantic.可知说话人对前者说的内容不同意。故选D项。
II. 完形填空 (共20小题; 每小题1. 5分; 满分30分)
For many, just taking part in a single marathon is the achievement of a lifetime. But for Julie Weiss, it has become a ____21____ routine. She has run 52 marathons — once a week — for the past year in memory of her dad who ____22____ just 35 days after he was ____23____ with pancreatic cancer (胰腺癌). When Julie Weiss lost her father in 2010, she was ____24____ to find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund. “It made me feel ____25____.” she said, “I knew I had to do something.”
So this marathon queen, ____26____ she calls herself, did what she did best — she went running. Having completed 25 marathons during the ____27____ two years, Julie now vowed (发誓) to run 52 marathons in 52 weeks in ____28____ of her father. After asking people to ____29____ money for each marathon, she ____30____ a website, marathon goddess.com, to collect money for the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PANCAN), a nonprofit organization. Julie began her incredible ____31____ with a marathon in Rome and then entered a race every ____32____ in some city across North America. ____33____ leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race, before she ____34____ home to California on Sunday. Julie finished her 1362.4-mile journey in March 2013,____35____ more than $200,000 in the process for PANCAN.
While running, she stuck to a strict training schedule. “My body is getting used to this. I’ m changing my diet, becoming more healthy and learning to run more ____36____.” she said. When her muscles began to ____37____, she kept her ____38____ in mind. “When you do what you love, for those you love, that is where the ____39____ happen. Together we can make a(n) ____40____, and pave the way for a happy, healthy, cancer free life.” She said.
21. A. monthly B. daily C. weekly D. yearly
22. A. passed by B. died off C. passed away D. died out
23. A. diagnosed B. connected C. treated D. acknowledged
24. A. inspired B. shocked C. exhausted D. fascinated
25. A. desirable B. hopeful C. helpless D. wishful
26. A. while B. what C. as D. since
27. A. precious B. present C. previous D. precise
28. A. search B. honor C. defence D. place
29. A. pay B. donate C. make D. devote
30. A. made up B. held up C. broke up D. set up
31. A. experiment B. stage C. challenge D. attempt
32. A. day B. morning C. weekend D. weekday
33. A. At B. By C. With D. On
34. A. parted B. headed C. left D. missed
35. A. raising B. earning C. spending D. wasting
36. A. merrily B. athletically C. efficiently D. specifically
37. A. swell B. stress C. injure D. ache
38. A. strength B. relief C. motivation D. charm
39. A. miracles B. coincidences C. opportunities D. misfortunes
40. A. promise B. sacrifice C. offer D. impact
【答案】21 C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Julie Weiss已经跑了52次马拉松。在过去的一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。在发现胰腺癌的研究如此缺乏资金后，她决定通过跑马拉松来为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对Julie Weiss来说，这已成为每周例行公事。A.monthly每月的；B.daily每天的；C.weekly每周的；D.yearly每年的。根据“She has run 52 marathons — once a week(她已经跑了52次马拉松——每周一次)”可知，这已成为每周例行公事。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去的一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。A.passed by路过；B.died off相继死去，逐个死亡；C.passed away去世；D.died out灭绝，消失。根据“in memory of her dad”可知，此处是指她的父亲去世了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。A.diagnosed诊断；B.connected连接；C.treated治疗；D.acknowledged承认。根据“with pancreatic cancer”和passed away可知，此处是指在被诊断出胰腺癌后。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2010年，当Julie Weiss的父亲去世时，她震惊地发现胰腺癌的研究如此缺乏资金。A.inspired受启发的；B.shocked震惊的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；D.fascinated着迷的。根据“find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund”可知，此处是指她很震惊。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感到无助。A. desirable合意的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. helpless无助的；D. wishful渴望的。it是指前文“find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund”，所以此处是指这让“我”感到无助。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：所以这位自称马拉松女王的人，做了她最擅长的事情——跑步。A.while尽管；B.what什么；C.as正如；D.since自从。根据“she calls herself”可知，此处是指她自称马拉松女王，所以应用as表示“正如”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的两年里，Julie已经完成了25场马拉松比赛，现在她发誓要在52周内跑完52场马拉松来纪念她的父亲。A.precious珍贵的；B.present现在的；C.previous之前的；D.precise精确的。根据“Having completed 25 marathons”可知，此处是指在过去的两年里。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的两年里，Julie已经完成了25场马拉松比赛，现在她发誓要在52周内跑完52场马拉松来纪念她的父亲。A.search调查；B.honor荣誉；C.defence防御；D.place地方。根据“in memory of her dad”可知，此处是指纪念她的父亲。in honor of意为“为纪念”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款后，她建立了一个网站marathon goddess.com，为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。A.pay付款；B.donate捐赠；C.make制作；D.devote贡献。根据“to collect money for”可知，此处是指呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款后，她建立了一个网站marathon goddess.com，为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。A.made up化妆；B.held up拦截；C.broke up分手；D.set up建立。根据“a website, marathon goddess.com”可知，此处是指建立了一个网站。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julie以罗马马拉松开始了她令人难以置信的挑战，然后每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。A.experiment实验；B.stage舞台；C.challenge挑战；D.attempt尝试。根据“Julie now vowed (发誓) to run 52 marathons in 52 weeks”可知，此处是指开始了她令人难以置信的挑战。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julie以罗马马拉松开始了她令人难以置信的挑战，然后每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。A.day天；B.morning早晨；C.weekend周末；D.weekday工作日。根据“leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race(星期五下午5点下班，她将准备好开始下一场比赛)”可知，此处是指每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：周五下午5点下班后，她将准备开始下一场比赛，然后于周日返回加州的家。A.At在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；B.By通过；C.With具有；D.On一……就。根据“leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday”和“she would be ready to begin the next race”可知，此处是指周五下午5点一下班，她就准备开始下一场比赛。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周五下午5点下班后，她将准备开始下一场比赛，然后于周日返回加州的家。A.parted分离；B.headed出发；C.left离开；D.missed错过。根据“home to California on Sunday”和“On leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race”可知，此处是指于周日返回加州的家。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julie在2013年3月完成了她1362.4英里的旅程，在这个过程中为PANCAN筹集了超过20万美元。A.raising筹集；B.earning赚；C.spending花费；D.wasting浪费。根据“to collect money for the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PANCAN)”可知，此处是指为PANCAN筹集了超过20万美元。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我正在改变我的饮食，变得更健康，学习更有效地跑步。A.merrily愉快地；B.athletically运动地；C.efficiently有效地；D.specifically特别地。根据“While running, she stuck to a strict training schedule(在跑步时，她坚持严格的训练计划)”可知，此处是指学习更有效地跑步。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的肌肉开始疼痛时，她牢记着自己的动机。A.swell肿胀；B.stress强调；C.injure伤害，损害；D.ache疼痛。根据“My body is getting used to this.(我的身体正在习惯)”可知，此处是指在训练过程中会出现肌肉疼痛的情况。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的肌肉开始疼痛时，她牢记着自己的动机。A.strength力量；B.relief救济；C.motivation动力；D.charm魅力。根据“When you do what you love, for those you love(当你做你爱的事，为了你爱的人)”可知，此处是指她牢记着自己的动机。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你做你所爱的事，为你所爱的人，奇迹就会发生。A.miracles奇迹；B.coincidences巧合；C.opportunities机会；D.misfortunes不幸。根据“When you do what you love, for those you love”可知，此处是指奇迹就会发生。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一起可以产生影响，为幸福、健康、没有癌症的生活铺平道路。A.promise承诺；B.sacrifice牺牲；C.offer提议；D.impact巨大影响。根据“pave the way for a happy, healthy, cancer free life”可知，此处是指产生影响。故选D。
III. 阅读理解 (共 20 小题;每小题 2 分; 满分 40 分)
A
The International Foundation program provides academic preparation for first year undergraduate (本科) entry and ensure you meet the academic English language requirements for your chosen degree program.
Course features
Develop the knowledge and skills for your chosen degree through a specialist pathway
Guaranteed university placement for all successful students. Find out more about our money back guarantee.
Adapt to studying in the UK thanks to modules designed to equip you with the skills you need for university.
Guidance with your university applications, so you choose the best degree for you.
Key facts
Course length
3-4 Terms (8-11 months)
Start dates
2021: January, June, September
2022: January, June
Fees
From: £17,495
Academic requirements
Completion of 12 years of schooling with good grades
English language requirements
From: IELTS 5.0 (with a minimum of 4.5 in writing) or above
Award
International Foundation Certificate
Course options
Standard (3 term, 9-month programme)
Extended (Contains an additional term(s) of English language.)
Dates and prices
Start date
End date
Course length
Fees
Class duration
Class size
11 Jan, 2021
3 Sept, 2021
3 terms
£17,495
Average total per week: 22-25 hours
18 (for English language teaching)
28 Jun, 2021
17 Jun, 2022
4 Terms
*
20 Sept, 2021
17 Jun, 2022
3 Terms
*
10 Jan, 2022
2 Sept, 2022
3 Terms
*
How do I qualify?
English language requirements: IELTS 5. 0 (with a minimum of 4.5 in writing) or above Age requirements: 16 years and above
Academic requirements: Completion of 12 years of schooling (or the local equivalent to meet the same standard) with good grades. Students intending to progress to Journalism (新闻) or Law: Some previous familiarity with arts humanities or social science subjects may be desirable.
How will I be assessed (评价)?
Assessment is both formal and informal. Entry to all honours degrees is highly competitive, so the purpose of the assessment process is to help you improve and build on your success. Marks from the International Foundation programme do not count towards a final degree, but help the University to determine whether you meet key criteria(标准) for progression.
You will receive support from your tutor throughout your course and be assessed by a combination of:
● exams at the end of each term
● coursework which may include: written assignments, reports, practical exercises, group and individual research projects, presentations and problem-solving exercises Please keep checking back — this page is regularly updated with the latest information.
41. What do we know about the International Foundation program?
A. Their lessons are given in small classes of 20 students.
B. They have two types of courses with different start dates.
C. They provide courses for students on various degree programs.
D. They are intended for college students who want to improve their English skills.
42. What is the course characterized by?
A. It provides students with guidance for applying universities.
B. It enables students to pass examinations effectively.
C. It helps students design language studying courses.
D. It prepares students for International Foundation Certificate.
43. Assessment of the program is mainly designed for _________.
A. helping students get their final degree
B. students’ receiving support from their tutors
C. improving students for their academic success
D. students’ participating in more similar courses
44. Where would you most likely find the updates of the program?
A. On a newspaper. B. In a coursebook.
C. On an official webpage. D. In an educational magazine.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了针对想要申请读预科的学生课程的相关内容和申请资格及要求。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个表格第二栏的“Start dates 2021: January, June, September/2022: January, June(开始日期：2021年1月、6月、9月：2022年1月、6月)”和最后一栏的Course options可知，预科项目有标准课程和延伸课程，他们的开课日期不同，所以他们有两种不同开始日期的课程。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据Course features中“Guidance with your university applications, so you choose the best degree for you.(指导你的大学申请，让你选择最适合你的学位)”可知，该课程可以指导你的大学申请。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据How will I be assessed (评价)?中“Entry to all honours degrees is highly competitive, so the purpose of the assessment process is to help you improve and build on your success. (进入所有荣誉学位的竞争非常激烈，因此评估过程的目的是帮助你提高并巩固你的成功)”可知，评估过程的目的是提高学生的学术成功。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Please keep checking back — this page is regularly updated with the latest information.(请继续查看——此页面是否定期更新最新信息)”可推知，你很可能在官方网页上找到更新的最新信息。故选C项。
B
Some teens are disapproving of compulsory BMI (body mass index) （身体质量指数） checks in PE classes. Do BMI checks at school do more harm than good? Two teens take sides.
Maya Meade, a high school freshman in Ohio, says yes. “I understand that schools want to weigh students because they are concerned about their physical health. That’s not a bad thing! But what about their mental health? For many students, appearance and self-image are huge sources of stress. Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.
In Maya’s opinion, weight is a personal matter that should stay between a doctor and a patient. She says, “Just imagine someone who struggles with body image being told that his or her BMI is too high as classmates look on! Even if other kids can’t hear, no student wants to feel judged by his or her teacher. That’s not why we go to school.”
Maya thinks if a school wants to have an impact on a student’s physical health, there are better ways to do it, such as providing healthy but filling meals, encouraging physical activity and teaching students about nutrition.
Ben Bagbek, a second-year student in a high school in New York, holds a different opinion. “There is no reason why a school should not be allowed to weigh its students and teach them how to calculate BMI! Obesity (肥胖症) is a huge public health concern in our country. And schools are in a position to help students understand what their weight means to their health -- before they’re at risk of life-threatening conditions.”
“A school’s job is to help students reach their full potential, and your health undoubtedly plays a role in your academic performance. BMI is not a perfect measurement, but it can help you identify the need for healthier eating habits or more physical activity.” says Ben.
The bottom line is: When you feel good, you learn better. As long as the actual number on the scale stays private, it should be viewed as an important part of your health education.
45. What are the two teens debating?
A. Whether students are enjoying PE classes.
B. Whether schools are body-shaming students.
C. Whether students should pay attention to weight.
D. Whether schools should help students lose weight.
46. According to Maya, what will BMI checks bring to students?
A. Healthy diets. B. Emotional stress.
C. Fierce competition. D. Positive self-awareness.
47. What does Maya think of weight?
A. It’s private. B. It’s important.
C. It’s hard to lose. D. It’s not a big deal.
48. Which of the following may Ben agree with?
A. Most school students are overweight.
B. BMI checks are of little help to students.
C. Schools have the right to weigh students.
D. It’s not schools’ duty to help students keep fit.
【答案】45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。对于体育课上教师是否可以测量学生体重这一问题，两个学生给出了不同的意见。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Some teens are disapproving of compulsory BMI (body mass index) （身体质量指数） checks in PE classes. Do BMI checks at school do more harm than good? Two teens take sides.”（一些青少年反对在体育课上强制进行体重指数检查。在学校检查身体质量指数弊大于利吗？两个青少年表明了立场。）第二段中“Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.”（Maya 说：“强迫青少年在学校称体重只会增加他们为适应某种模式而感到的压力。）倒数第二段中“A school’s job is to help students reach their full potential, and your health undoubtedly plays a role in your academic performance. BMI is not a perfect measurement, but it can help you identify the need for healthier eating habits or more physical activity.” says Ben.”（Ben说：“学校的工作就是帮助学生发挥他们的全部潜能，你的健康无疑对你的学习成绩起着重要作用。身体质量指数并不是一个完美的衡量标准，但它可以帮助你确定是否需要更健康的饮食习惯或更多的体育活动。”）可知，两位青少年就学校测量学生体重是否会对学生不利展开讨论。选项B和文意保持一致。故选B。
2.细节理解题。由第二段中“ Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.”（Maya 说：“强迫青少年在学校称体重只会增加他们为适应某种模式而感到的压力。” ）可知，Maya认为学校测量学生体重会给学生带来心理压力。选项B与文意一致。 故选B。
3. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In Maya’s opinion, weight is a personal matter that should stay between a doctor and a patient. （在 Maya 看来，体重是医生和病人之间的私人问题。）可知，Maya认为体重是个人隐私。选项A与文意一致。故选A。
4.推理判断题。由第五段中的“There is no reason why a school should not be allowed to weigh its students and teach them how to calculate BMI!”（没有理由不允许学校给学生称体重，并教学生如何计算体重指数）可知，Ben 认为学校有权测量学生体重。选项C与文意一致。故选C。
C
A few years ago, my husband Matt offered to get me a digital piano for my 41st birthday. Matt knew that I had taken piano lessons as a kid, but stopped doing so in the seventh grade. I was at the age when I would rather go to the mall with friends than play the piano on the weekends.
I was game for a digital piano, but skeptical--I wasn’t sure I was going to play it that often. However, Matt was persistent. He reminded me that I’d mentioned wanting to play the piano again, so he bought me one and set it up in my office.
To be honest, I had only made half-hearted attempts over the years to take up various hobbies, mostly craft-related ones like knitting (编织) and cross-stitch (十字绣), to relax. But nothing really stuck.
Then, two years ago, I had a baby. The piano became even more of an afterthought as I became consumed by the challenges of parenting. I had enough on my plate, I told myself. There was no point in adding another thing that was probably just going to stress me out.
But recently, my 2-year-old son had figured out how to turn on the digital piano and loved to bang on the keys. Seeing him play so joyfully, I thought maybe I could take piano lessons and help him to prepare for the music world.
I started lessons a couple of weeks later, and it turned out that I could handle 15 minutes a day.
Sometimes, I could handle 40 minutes. I found myself completely immersed in playing the piano. The repetition calmed me. Going over difficult parts in each piece I was learning was incredibly satisfying. To my great surprise, at age 44, I have an actual hobby now, and I really look forward to performing together with my son one day.
49. Which of the following statements about the author is true according to the passage?
A. She devoted herself entirely to bringing up her baby.
B. She dropped out of school in the seven grade.
C. She gave up playing the piano again at her forties.
D. She ate a lot for parenting.
50. What do we know about the author’s craft-related hobbies?
A. She loved knitting and cross-stitch the most.
B. She gave them up eventually.
C. They made her more patient.
D. They gave her too much pressure.
51. What inspired the author to restart learning how to play the piano?
A. Her husband’s encouragement.
B. Her son’s interest in the piano.
C. Her hope to make her son happy.
D. Her desire to reduce the stress of parenting.
52. What happened after the author started taking piano lessons again?
A. She taught her son to play the piano.
B. She determined to become a pianist.
C. She practiced harder for competition.
D. She felt peaceful and content while playing.
【答案】49. C 50. B 51. B 52. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者丈夫在其41岁时送给她一架数码钢琴，但是因养育孩子繁忙而放弃。然而，两岁儿子对钢琴的兴趣也让作者在钢琴中找到了平静和满足感。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段首句“A few years ago, my husband Matt offered to get me a digital piano for my 41st birthday. (几年前，我丈夫马特在我41岁生日时送了我一架数码钢琴。)”以及第四段“Then, two years ago, I had a baby. The piano became even more of an afterthought as I became consumed by the challenges of parenting. I had enough on my plate, I told myself. There was no point in adding another thing that was probably just going to stress me out. (然后，两年前，我有了一个孩子。当我被养育孩子的挑战所吞噬时，钢琴成了我事后才想到的事情。我告诉自己，我已经够忙的了。再增加一件可能只会让我感到压力的事情是没有意义的。)”可知，四十多岁时，丈夫送的钢琴再次被作者放弃。故选C。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To be honest, I had only made half-hearted attempts over the years to take up various hobbies, mostly craft-related ones like knitting (编织) and cross-stitch (十字绣), to relax. But nothing really stuck. (说实话，这些年来，我只是半心半意地尝试过各种各样的爱好来放松自己，主要是编织和十字绣等与工艺有关的爱好。 但什么都没有吸引我。)”可知，作者最终放弃了与工艺有关的爱好。故选B。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“But recently, my 2-year-old son had figured out how to turn on the digital piano and loved to bang on the keys. Seeing him play so joyfully, I thought maybe I could take piano lessons and help him to prepare for the music world. (但最近，我两岁的儿子已经学会了如何打开数码钢琴，他很喜欢敲击琴键。看到他弹得那么开心，我想也许我可以去上钢琴课，帮助他为音乐世界做准备。)”可知，是儿子对钢琴的兴趣让作者重新学习弹钢琴。故选B。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段前四句“Sometimes, I could handle 40 minutes. I found myself completely immersed in playing the piano. The repetition calmed me. Going over difficult parts in each piece I was learning was incredibly satisfying. (有时候，我能弹40分钟。我发现自己完全沉浸在弹钢琴中。重复使我平静下来。复习每一节中困难的部分让我非常满意。)”可知，作者在钢琴中获得了平静和满足感。故选D。
D
A wildfire in New Mexico, a state in the southwestern US, has burned for nearly two months, consuming more than 315, 000 acres of land--an area about the size of the city of Los Angeles.
“With climate change, it seems like the dominoes are beginning to fall,” NASA hydrologist JT Reager told the BBC. “We get warmer temperatures, we get less rain and snow. The reservoirs(水库) start drying up, then in a place like the West of the US, we get wildfires.”
In recent years, wildfires have wreaked havoc across countries including the US and Australia.
These fires destroy homes and businesses, claim lives and also negatively impact the environment. As climate change worsens, global temperatures increase and so does the risk of wildfires. A recent report from the United Nations Environment Programme and GRID—Arendal, a partner organization in Norway, reveals that wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe.
This is harmful to people around the globe. According to the joint UN report, it is estimated that the yearly “economic burden from wildfire for the United States is between $7. 1 billion and $347. 8 billion”.
Another article published in Nature journal on April 19 found that wildfires have created seasonal pollution patterns in the northwestern US. Between 2002 and 2018, carbon monoxide( 一氧化碳) levels increased every year for the month of August in the area.
In 2019 and 2020, Australian bushfires displaced millions, filled the air with deadly clouds of smoke and killed thousands of koalas.
Forest fires are common in China too. In the recent decade, the total number of forest fires in the country every year has increased to more than 2, 000 cases, according to The Paper.
Greater Hinggan Mountains( 大兴安岭) is one of the important forestry bases in China. The National Forestry and Grassland Administration adopted mountain watchtowers, forest cameras and aerial drones(无人机) to prevent forest fires in the summer.
53. The author quotes Reager’s words in the second paragraph to ________.
A. show the seriousness of the recent wildfire in the US
B. list some environmental problems caused by wildfires
C. explain how climate change contributes to wildfires
D. provide possible solutions to wildfires around the globe
54. What does the underlined phrase “wreaked havoc” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Created pollution. B. Been out of control.
C. Caused great damage. D. Drawn much attention.
55. How has wildfire affected the American Northwest according to the text?
A. Millions of people have been displaced.
B. It has caused seasonal patterns of pollution.
C. It has led to around $7. 1 billion economic loss annually.
D. Carbon monoxide levels have increased year on year.
56. What do we know about forest fires in China?
A. There has been over 2,000 cases in the last decade.
B. Greater Hinggan Mountains experienced the largest one.
C. They were not very common several decades ago.
D. Measures have been taken to prevent them from happening.
【答案】53. C 54. C 55. B 56. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野火正变得越来越频繁、危害越来越大。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““With climate change, it seems like the dominoes are beginning to fall,” NASA hydrologist JT Reager told the BBC. “We get warmer temperatures, we get less rain and snow. The reservoirs(水库) start drying up, then in a place like the West of the US, we get wildfires.”(“随着气候变化，多米诺骨牌似乎开始倒下，”美国宇航局水文学家JT·Reager告诉BBC。“气温升高，雨雪减少。水库开始干涸，然后在美国西部这样的地方，我们就会发生野火。”)”可推断，作者在第二段引用了Reager的话解释气候变化如何导致野火。故选C。
【54题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“These fires destroy homes and businesses, claim lives and also negatively impact the environment. (这些火灾摧毁了房屋和企业，夺去了生命，还对环境产生了负面影响。)”和常识可知，近年来，野火在包括美国和澳大利亚在内的国家造成了严重破坏。所以wreaked havoc为“造成严重破坏”之意。故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Another article published in Nature journal on April 19 found that wildfires have created seasonal pollution patterns in the northwestern US. (4月19日发表在《自然》杂志上的另一篇文章发现，野火在美国西北部造成了季节性污染模式。)”可知，野火对美国西北部造成了季节性的污染模式。故选B。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The National Forestry and Grassland Administration adopted mountain watchtowers, forest cameras and aerial drones(无人机) to prevent forest fires in the summer. (国家林业和草原局采用了山地瞭望塔、森林摄像机和空中无人机来预防夏季森林火灾。)”可知，在中国已经采取措施防止野火的发生。故选D。
E
The most important skill I picked up at school was keeping a routine.
Routines allow us to develop a rhythm to our lives, but they also have their downsides.
It can be easy to get so accustomed to your routine that you don’t realize you’re no longer conscious of your time. This can stop progress, which means you start living your life on autopilot. It’s important that you include time in your routine for self-reflection.
Doing the same thing week after week can be dull. If you make time to try new things and explore new interests, you can adjust your routine to better fit your lifestyle as things change.
When I first came to college, I was told countless times that it’s important you develop a routine so you can focus on things important to you. But it’s easy to forget the bigger picture. I got so used to the same old things that I would often forget about all of the other fun and exciting opportunities college had to offer.
It wasn’t until my junior year that I really started setting time aside to explore things that were interesting to me. This was partly because COVID-19 and lockdown made my college life a lot more boring. It was this experience that made me realize I was stuck in a rut, a feeling I’m sure many came to terms with.
I decided I was going to make a change. I needed to find a balance between keeping a structured schedule and finding time to be creative and try new things.
I started writing and doing research to apply the things I learned in class. I started learning new instruments, visiting new places around town and exploring new ways to get involved in the local community. All of these different experiences allowed me to look at the things I was doing from a new perspective. It made me reassess what I’m doing with my life and pursue new goals, which have added huge value to my life.
Routines are important, yes, but don’t forget: it’s not the routine that determines your life. So don’t forget to throw something new in there from time to time. Above all else, don’t live your life on autopilot.
57. What can happen if we “live our lives on autopilot” according to the author?
A. We make rapid progress.
B. We get bored by our dull lives.
C. We forget to practice self-reflection.
D. We become more sensitive to changes.
58. What happened to the author after he first went to college?
A. He developed and stuck to the same routines.
B. He always tried to break routines.
C. He forgot how to draw the picture.
D. He couldn’t adapt to college life.
59. What did the author realize in his junior year of college?
A. It was vital to develop a routine.
B. A structured schedule helped beat boredom.
C. He should focus on important things.
D. He should lead a more balanced life.
60. What is the message the author tries to convey in the text?
A. We should balance our school work and interests.
B. It’s important to explore possibilities outside our routines.
C. Our routines define our goals and who we are.
D. Colleges offer us numerous opportunities to try new things.
【答案】57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述了作者养成了保持常规的习惯，后来发现这让他忘记了其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会，于是他作出了改变，在保持一个有条理的时间表和抽出时间去创造和尝试新事物之间找到平衡，这给他的生活增添了巨大的价值，他意识到探索日常生活之外的可能性是很重要的。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This can stop progress, which means you start living your life on autopilot. It’s important that you include time in your routine for self-reflection. (这可能会阻碍进步，这意味着你开始在自动驾驶仪上生活。重要的是，你要在日常生活中留出时间进行自我反省)”可知，根据作者的说法，如果我们“在自动驾驶仪上生活”，我们就会忘记自我反省。故选C。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When I first came to college, I was told countless times that it’s important you develop a routine so you can focus on things important to you. But it’s easy to forget the bigger picture. I got so used to the same old things that I would often forget about all of the other fun and exciting opportunities college had to offer. (当我刚上大学的时候，有人无数次告诉我，养成习惯很重要，这样你才能专注于对你来说重要的事情。但我们很容易忘记大局。我太习惯于同样的旧事物，以至于我经常忘记大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会)”可推知，作者第一次上大学时，他养成并坚持同样的习惯。故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“t wasn’t until my junior year that I really started setting time aside to explore things that were interesting to me. (直到大三的时候，我才真正开始腾出时间来探索我感兴趣的事情)”及第七段“I decided I was going to make a change. I needed to find a balance between keeping a structured schedule and finding time to be creative and try new things.(我决定要做出改变。我需要在保持一个有条理的时间表和抽出时间去创造和尝试新事物之间找到平衡)”可知，在大三的时候，作者意识到他应该过一种更平衡的生活。故选D。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Routines are important, yes, but don’t forget: it’s not the routine that determines your life. So don’t forget to throw something new in there from time to time. Above all else, don’t live syour life on autopilot.(例行公事很重要，是的，但别忘了：并不是例行公事决定你的生活。所以别忘了时不时往里面扔点新东西。最重要的是，不要在自动驾驶仪上生活)”可推知，作者试图在书中传达这样的信息：探索日常生活之外的可能性是很重要的。故选B。
II卷 (满分 20 分)
IV. 单词填空 根据句意或所给提示用单词的正确形式填空 (共10小题;每题1分;共10分)
61. My deskmate is a boy full of e________ who never feels tired. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】energy##nergy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的同桌是一个充满活力的男孩，他从不觉得累。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填“能量，精力”用作介词of的宾语，energy不可数名词。故填energy。
62. His face is kind of familiar, which r________ me of an old friend. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reminds##eminds
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他的脸有点面熟，让我想起了一个老朋友。remind sb.of sth.使某人想起……，根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。关系代词which指代前面一句话，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填reminds。
63. The police have already i________ around 8 murder suspects (谋杀案嫌犯). (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】 identified##dentified
【解析】
【详解】考查动词过去分词。句意：警方已经确定了大约8名谋杀嫌疑人。根据首字母和“The police”以及“around 8 murder suspects”可知，是警方确定了8名嫌疑人。“确认”是动词identify，此处应该过去分词形式和have构成现在完成时，故填identified。
64. A peaceful environment is of great importance to________(全球的) development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：和平的环境对于全球发展而言很重要。根据汉语提示“全球的”和设空处后面的名词development可知，设空处应填形容词global，作定语。故填global。
65. Tickets are ________(可以买到的) from the box office. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】available
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：票可以在售票处买到。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词available，作表语。故填available。
66. This offer is for a l________ period only. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：此次减价时间有限。分析句意和首字母可知此处填写形容词limited表示“有限的”，作定语符合语境。故填limited。
67. Try to keep a b________ between work and relaxation. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】balance##alance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽力在工作和休息之间保持平衡。根据首字母提示以及句意，这里是说“保持平衡”。故填balance。
68. As the movie progresses the t________ builds. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】tension##ension
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着电影的推进，紧张气氛越来越浓。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。表示“紧张”用tension，其为不可数名词。故填tension。
69. These styles can ________(适应) to suit individual tastes. . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】be adapted##be adjusted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和谓语的被动语态。句意：这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好。分析句子可知，句子的谓语不完整。根据汉语提示“适应”可知，使用短语adapt to或adjust to；结合句意，主语These styles和动词adapt/adjust to之间是被动关系，情态动词后跟动词原形，所以填be adapted/adjusted。故填be adapted或be adjusted。
70. There is a r________________ bus service to the airport. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】regular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有经常开往机场的公共汽车。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知应填形容词regular，作定语修饰名词短语bus service。故填regular。
V. 短语填空 根据句意选择正确短语并用其正确形式填空(共 10 小题;每题 1 分;共 10 分)
根据句意选择正确短语并用其正确形式填空
feel at home with complain about base on end up around the corner
suffer from in harmony with catch up on reflect on lead to
in memory of regardless of in turn take to doing
71. I need some time to ________ the possible reasons for my failure.
72. She will go to see a doctor because she has been ________ serious headache recently.
73. We built this museum ________ this fearless fighter.
74. The conclusion ________ facts so it is reliable.
75. Theory is based on practice and ________ serves practice.
76. With Spring Festival just ________, you should start your festive cooking now.
77. The club welcomes all new members ________ age.
78. People like to ________ how children spend so much time on computer games.
79. Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and ________ each other’s days.
80. If you fool about with matches, you’ll ________ getting burned.
【答案】71. reflect on
72. suffering from
73. in memory of
74. is based on
75. in turn
76. around the corner
77. regardless of
78. complain about
79. catch up on
80. end up
【解析】
【71题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我需要一些时间来反思我失败的可能原因。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词短语，与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“反思”用reflect on。故填reflect on。
【72题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：她要去看医生，因为她最近头痛得很厉害。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，suffer from意为“遭受”，此处表示动作从过去一直发生到现在，也有可能持续到将来，故用现在完成进行时。故填suffering from。
【73题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我们建造这座博物馆是为了纪念这位无畏的战士。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语，表示“纪念”用in memory of。故填in memory of 。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：这个结论是以事实为根据的，是可靠的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语作谓语，同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。“以……基础”使用固定短语be based on。故填is based on。
【75题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语，表示“反之，反过来”用in turn。故填in turn。
【76题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：春节即将来临，你现在就应该开始你的节日烹饪了。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语，表示“即将来临”用around the corner。故填around the corner。
【77题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：俱乐部欢迎所有新会员，不论年龄大小。分析句子，设空处表示“不管，不顾”用regardless of。故填regardless of。
【78题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：人们总爱抱怨孩子们花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前to构成不定式结构。表示“抱怨”用complain about。故填complain about。
【79题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：一起做饭给了我们一个放松的机会，弥补彼此的日子。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词短语与空前的relax并列。表示“追赶，弥补”用catch up on。故填catch up on。
【80题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你瞎玩火柴，你最终会被烧伤的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，与空前的will构成一般将来时。end up doing为固定短语，意为“以……而告终”。故填end up。
天津市耀华中学 2022—2023学年度第一学期期末考试
高一年级英语学科
(本试卷考试时间90分钟,总分100分)
I 卷(满分80分)
I. 单项选择 (共20小题;每小题0. 5分;满分10分)
1. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
2. Jack is late again.It is ________of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克又迟到了。让别人久等是他的典型作风。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. common普遍的；D. typical典型的。由“Jack is late again”可知，让别人久等是他的典型作风。故选D项。
3. By visiting schools, the expert hopes to ________ children to come up with more ideas to protect the environment.
A. interpret B. defend C. inspire D. present
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过参观学校，专家希望激励孩子们提出更多保护环境的想法。A. interpret解释，口译；B. defend保卫，防御；C. inspire激励，鼓舞；D. present呈现。根据句意，这里是说激励出更多的想法。故选C项。
4. For many affected families cuts to school bus service will mean a big in their morning and afternoon schedules.
A. settlement B. recommendation C. adjustment D. indication
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于许多受影响的家庭来说，削减校车服务意味着他们上午和下午的时间表将有很大的调整。A. settlement解决，处理；B. recommendation建议；C. adjustment调整；D. indication指示。根据后文“in their morning and afternoon schedules.”以及句意可知，此处应指时间表的“调整”。故选C项。全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》
5. If we had taken such effective ________ much earlier, the river would not be polluted so seriously now.
A. treasures B. efforts
C. measures D. actions
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们早采取这么有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被污染的这么严重了。A. treasures财产；珍宝；B. efforts努力；C. measures措施；D. actions行动。根据句意，这里要表达的是采取措施，故选C项。
6. She spent a lot of time helping her father to the stamps which he had collected for years.
A. make up B. pick up C. sort out D. put off
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她花了很多时间帮她父亲整理他多年来收集的邮票。A. make up编造，组成；B. pick up捡起，开车接送；C. sort out整理；D. put off推迟。根据“the stamps which he had collected for years.”可知，此处表示整理邮票。故选C。
7. I want to put the photo ________ I can see it every day, because it can remind me of the happy days ________ I spent in the countryside.
A. in which; when B. where; when C. in which; which D. where; which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查地点状语从句和定语从句。句意：我想把这张照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，因为它能让我想起我在农村度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构及句意可知空①为地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where；空②为定语从句，先行词为days，先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which/that ，所以空① 应填where，空② 应填which。故选D项。
8. The young couple will have to rent a house, for their newly bought one ______.
A. is being decorated B. was decorated
C. will decorate D. had decorated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这对年轻夫妇不得不租一所房子，因为他们新买的房子正在装修。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示此时此刻正在进行，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。
9. The girl ________ in an orange astronaut suit was the only student at her school to join the important activity on April 20.
A. dressing B. to be dressed C. having dressed D. dressed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：身穿橙色太空服的女孩是她所在学校唯一参加4月20日这一重要活动的学生。根据句子结构可知，主谓结构是“The girl was”，而从填空处到suit这个部分是对主语the girl的修饰，选项中出现的词汇“dress”有固定的动词短语结构“be dressed in”，表示“穿着……”，但是本句已有谓语动词，填空部分需要使用非谓语动词作后置定语。故选D项。
10. Our country has become the first country in the world________ a spaceship on the far side of the moon successfully.
A. to land B. landed
C. landing D. having landed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我国成为了世界上第一个成功将宇宙飞船降落在月球背面的国家。________ a spaceship on the far side of the moon successfully是定语，修饰the first country。当名词有序数词the first等修饰的时候，用动词不定式作定语。故选A。
11. Linda took a taxi and arrived at the company in twenty minutes, only ________ that the meeting had been put off.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. being told
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：琳达乘出租车，二十分钟之内赶到公司，却被告知会议已经推迟了。A. to tell去告诉，动词不定式的一般形式；B. to be told去被告知，动词不定式的被动形式；C. telling告诉，现在分词；D. being told正被告诉，现在分词的被动形式。由语意可知，琳达急忙赶到公司参加会议，会议却推迟了。Only to do作状语，表示意想不到的结果，主语“Linda”和tell之间是被动关系，故使用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故选B项。
12. What is the most important is the way ________ people have worked with each other to protect the environment.
A. in which B. which C. where D. how
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查way作先行词时的定语从句。句意：最重要的是人们相互合作保护环境的方式。定语从句的先行词是way时，如果先行词way在定语从句中作宾语，那么定语从句的关系词应用that/which或省略；如果先行词way在定语从句中作做状语，定语从句的关系词应用that/in which或者省略，此处从句中缺少状语，应用关系词that/in which。故选A项。
13. When you come across a word that you don’t recognise, try to ________ the meaning from the context of the word.
A. pick up B. work out C. show off D. note down
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你遇到一个你不认识的单词时，试着从单词的上下文中推断出它的意思。A. pick up 不费力地学会；B. work out 弄懂；C. show off 炫耀；D. note down 记录。由语意可知，应该是根据上下文弄懂单词的意思。故选B项。
14. When my father feels annoyed, I dare not ask him any questions ________ he scolds me.
A. as though B. in case C. so that D. even if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当我父亲生气时，我不敢问他任何问题，以防他责骂我。A. as though好像、仿佛；B. in case以防、万一；C. so that以便、为了；D. even if即使、虽然。分析句意可知，此处用in case表示“以防”符合语境。故选B项。
15. We’d better take umbrellas—I’m sure it ________ when we arrive in London; it’s always wet there at this time of year.
A. will rain B. is raining
C. will be raining D. would rain
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们最好带上雨伞。我肯定当我们到达伦敦时，天气会下雨，每年这个时候那里都是潮湿的。when引导的时间状语从句适用主将从现，故主句用一般将来时，根据“it’s always wet there at this time of year.”可知，此处表将来一段时间内都在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故选C。
16. - Will my car be ready by the end of this week?
- It ________ be, sir. I will give you a call if it is ready.
A. should B. shall C. would D. must
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：——我的车这周末能准备好吗？——应该能，先生，如果准备好了我会给你打电话的。A. should应该会；B. shall将会；C. would将；D. must一定。根据句意，本处表示肯定的推测，根据“I will give you a call if it is ready.”可知，此处指非常有可能的事，用should符合语境。故选A项。
17. I promise to make you all proud again in direction life may take me.
A. however B. wherever C. whenever D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论生活可能把我引向何方，我再次保证让你们所有人为我感到骄傲。介词in后接宾语从句，从句中缺少名词direction的定语，所以用连接代词whatever引导。故选D。
18. The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which, that B. at which,where
C. at which,that D. where, in which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：建桥的地方应该是过江交通最繁忙的地方。分析句子可知，“_____the bridge is supposed to be built ”为定语从句，先行词the place在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where或者at which引导，排除A项；“______the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.”为表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。故选B。
19. There was snow everywhere ______ the shapes of things were difficult to identify.
A. so that B. now that
C. for fear that D. on condition that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：到处都是雪，所以东西的形状很难辨认。A. so that因此；所以； B. now that 既然；C. for fear that生怕，唯恐；D. on condition that“如果...；在...条件下，若…则。分析可知，“到处都是雪”和“东西的形状很难辨认”之间是因果关系，因为下雪所以东西的形状难以辨认，用结果状语从句的连词，选A项。
20. ---The drama we saw last night was very romantic.
---_________. I found the acting too bad to be romantic.
A. I can’t agree more B. I’ve got no idea
C. That goes without saying D. Well, I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我们昨晚看的话剧很浪漫。——额，恕我不能苟同。我觉得表演太糟糕了，不够浪漫。A.I can’t agree more我再同意不过了；B.I’ve got no idea我不知道；C.That goes without saying那是不言而喻的；D.Well, I beg to differ额，恕我不能苟同。根据I found the acting too bad to be romantic.可知说话人对前者说的内容不同意。故选D项。
II. 完形填空 (共20小题; 每小题1. 5分; 满分30分)
For many, just taking part in a single marathon is the achievement of a lifetime. But for Julie Weiss, it has become a ____21____ routine. She has run 52 marathons — once a week — for the past year in memory of her dad who ____22____ just 35 days after he was ____23____ with pancreatic cancer (胰腺癌). When Julie Weiss lost her father in 2010, she was ____24____ to find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund. “It made me feel ____25____.” she said, “I knew I had to do something.”
So this marathon queen, ____26____ she calls herself, did what she did best — she went running. Having completed 25 marathons during the ____27____ two years, Julie now vowed (发誓) to run 52 marathons in 52 weeks in ____28____ of her father. After asking people to ____29____ money for each marathon, she ____30____ a website, marathon goddess.com, to collect money for the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PANCAN), a nonprofit organization. Julie began her incredible ____31____ with a marathon in Rome and then entered a race every ____32____ in some city across North America. ____33____ leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race, before she ____34____ home to California on Sunday. Julie finished her 1362.4-mile journey in March 2013,____35____ more than $200,000 in the process for PANCAN.
While running, she stuck to a strict training schedule. “My body is getting used to this. I’ m changing my diet, becoming more healthy and learning to run more ____36____.” she said. When her muscles began to ____37____, she kept her ____38____ in mind. “When you do what you love, for those you love, that is where the ____39____ happen. Together we can make a(n) ____40____, and pave the way for a happy, healthy, cancer free life.” She said.
21. A. monthly B. daily C. weekly D. yearly
22. A. passed by B. died off C. passed away D. died out
23. A. diagnosed B. connected C. treated D. acknowledged
24. A. inspired B. shocked C. exhausted D. fascinated
25. A. desirable B. hopeful C. helpless D. wishful
26. A. while B. what C. as D. since
27. A. precious B. present C. previous D. precise
28. A. search B. honor C. defence D. place
29. A. pay B. donate C. make D. devote
30. A. made up B. held up C. broke up D. set up
31. A. experiment B. stage C. challenge D. attempt
32. A. day B. morning C. weekend D. weekday
33. A. At B. By C. With D. On
34. A. parted B. headed C. left D. missed
35. A. raising B. earning C. spending D. wasting
36. A. merrily B. athletically C. efficiently D. specifically
37. A. swell B. stress C. injure D. ache
38. A. strength B. relief C. motivation D. charm
39. A. miracles B. coincidences C. opportunities D. misfortunes
40. A. promise B. sacrifice C. offer D. impact
【答案】21 C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Julie Weiss已经跑了52次马拉松。在过去的一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。在发现胰腺癌的研究如此缺乏资金后，她决定通过跑马拉松来为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对Julie Weiss来说，这已成为每周例行公事。A.monthly每月的；B.daily每天的；C.weekly每周的；D.yearly每年的。根据“She has run 52 marathons — once a week(她已经跑了52次马拉松——每周一次)”可知，这已成为每周例行公事。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去的一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。A.passed by路过；B.died off相继死去，逐个死亡；C.passed away去世；D.died out灭绝，消失。根据“in memory of her dad”可知，此处是指她的父亲去世了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去一年中，她每周跑一次马拉松，以纪念她的父亲。她的父亲在被诊断出胰腺癌后仅仅35天就去世了。A.diagnosed诊断；B.connected连接；C.treated治疗；D.acknowledged承认。根据“with pancreatic cancer”和passed away可知，此处是指在被诊断出胰腺癌后。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2010年，当Julie Weiss的父亲去世时，她震惊地发现胰腺癌的研究如此缺乏资金。A.inspired受启发的；B.shocked震惊的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的；D.fascinated着迷的。根据“find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund”可知，此处是指她很震惊。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我感到无助。A. desirable合意的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. helpless无助的；D. wishful渴望的。it是指前文“find the research for pancreatic cancer is so short of fund”，所以此处是指这让“我”感到无助。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：所以这位自称马拉松女王的人，做了她最擅长的事情——跑步。A.while尽管；B.what什么；C.as正如；D.since自从。根据“she calls herself”可知，此处是指她自称马拉松女王，所以应用as表示“正如”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的两年里，Julie已经完成了25场马拉松比赛，现在她发誓要在52周内跑完52场马拉松来纪念她的父亲。A.precious珍贵的；B.present现在的；C.previous之前的；D.precise精确的。根据“Having completed 25 marathons”可知，此处是指在过去的两年里。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的两年里，Julie已经完成了25场马拉松比赛，现在她发誓要在52周内跑完52场马拉松来纪念她的父亲。A.search调查；B.honor荣誉；C.defence防御；D.place地方。根据“in memory of her dad”可知，此处是指纪念她的父亲。in honor of意为“为纪念”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款后，她建立了一个网站marathon goddess.com，为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。A.pay付款；B.donate捐赠；C.make制作；D.devote贡献。根据“to collect money for”可知，此处是指呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在呼吁人们为每一场马拉松比赛捐款后，她建立了一个网站marathon goddess.com，为非营利组织胰腺癌行动网络（PANCAN）募集资金。A.made up化妆；B.held up拦截；C.broke up分手；D.set up建立。根据“a website, marathon goddess.com”可知，此处是指建立了一个网站。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julie以罗马马拉松开始了她令人难以置信的挑战，然后每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。A.experiment实验；B.stage舞台；C.challenge挑战；D.attempt尝试。根据“Julie now vowed (发誓) to run 52 marathons in 52 weeks”可知，此处是指开始了她令人难以置信的挑战。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Julie以罗马马拉松开始了她令人难以置信的挑战，然后每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。A.day天；B.morning早晨；C.weekend周末；D.weekday工作日。根据“leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race(星期五下午5点下班，她将准备好开始下一场比赛)”可知，此处是指每个周末都参加北美一些城市的比赛。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：周五下午5点下班后，她将准备开始下一场比赛，然后于周日返回加州的家。A.At在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；B.By通过；C.With具有；D.On一……就。根据“leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday”和“she would be ready to begin the next race”可知，此处是指周五下午5点一下班，她就准备开始下一场比赛。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周五下午5点下班后，她将准备开始下一场比赛，然后于周日返回加州的家。A.parted分离；B.headed出发；C.left离开；D.missed错过。根据“home to California on Sunday”和“On leaving work at 5p.m. on Friday she would be ready to begin the next race”可知，此处是指于周日返回加州的家。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Julie在2013年3月完成了她1362.4英里的旅程，在这个过程中为PANCAN筹集了超过20万美元。A.raising筹集；B.earning赚；C.spending花费；D.wasting浪费。根据“to collect money for the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PANCAN)”可知，此处是指为PANCAN筹集了超过20万美元。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我正在改变我的饮食，变得更健康，学习更有效地跑步。A.merrily愉快地；B.athletically运动地；C.efficiently有效地；D.specifically特别地。根据“While running, she stuck to a strict training schedule(在跑步时，她坚持严格的训练计划)”可知，此处是指学习更有效地跑步。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的肌肉开始疼痛时，她牢记着自己的动机。A.swell肿胀；B.stress强调；C.injure伤害，损害；D.ache疼痛。根据“My body is getting used to this.(我的身体正在习惯)”可知，此处是指在训练过程中会出现肌肉疼痛的情况。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的肌肉开始疼痛时，她牢记着自己的动机。A.strength力量；B.relief救济；C.motivation动力；D.charm魅力。根据“When you do what you love, for those you love(当你做你爱的事，为了你爱的人)”可知，此处是指她牢记着自己的动机。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你做你所爱的事，为你所爱的人，奇迹就会发生。A.miracles奇迹；B.coincidences巧合；C.opportunities机会；D.misfortunes不幸。根据“When you do what you love, for those you love”可知，此处是指奇迹就会发生。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一起可以产生影响，为幸福、健康、没有癌症的生活铺平道路。A.promise承诺；B.sacrifice牺牲；C.offer提议；D.impact巨大影响。根据“pave the way for a happy, healthy, cancer free life”可知，此处是指产生影响。故选D。
III. 阅读理解 (共 20 小题;每小题 2 分; 满分 40 分)
A
The International Foundation program provides academic preparation for first year undergraduate (本科) entry and ensure you meet the academic English language requirements for your chosen degree program.
Course features
Develop the knowledge and skills for your chosen degree through a specialist pathway
Guaranteed university placement for all successful students. Find out more about our money back guarantee.
Adapt to studying in the UK thanks to modules designed to equip you with the skills you need for university.
Guidance with your university applications, so you choose the best degree for you.
Key facts
Course length
3-4 Terms (8-11 months)
Start dates
2021: January, June, September
2022: January, June
Fees
From: £17,495
Academic requirements
Completion of 12 years of schooling with good grades
English language requirements
From: IELTS 5.0 (with a minimum of 4.5 in writing) or above
Award
International Foundation Certificate
Course options
Standard (3 term, 9-month programme)
Extended (Contains an additional term(s) of English language.)
Dates and prices
Start date
End date
Course length
Fees
Class duration
Class size
11 Jan, 2021
3 Sept, 2021
3 terms
£17,495
Average total per week: 22-25 hours
18 (for English language teaching)
28 Jun, 2021
17 Jun, 2022
4 Terms
*
20 Sept, 2021
17 Jun, 2022
3 Terms
*
10 Jan, 2022
2 Sept, 2022
3 Terms
*
How do I qualify?
English language requirements: IELTS 5. 0 (with a minimum of 4.5 in writing) or above Age requirements: 16 years and above
Academic requirements: Completion of 12 years of schooling (or the local equivalent to meet the same standard) with good grades. Students intending to progress to Journalism (新闻) or Law: Some previous familiarity with arts humanities or social science subjects may be desirable.
How will I be assessed (评价)?
Assessment is both formal and informal. Entry to all honours degrees is highly competitive, so the purpose of the assessment process is to help you improve and build on your success. Marks from the International Foundation programme do not count towards a final degree, but help the University to determine whether you meet key criteria(标准) for progression.
You will receive support from your tutor throughout your course and be assessed by a combination of:
● exams at the end of each term
● coursework which may include: written assignments, reports, practical exercises, group and individual research projects, presentations and problem-solving exercises Please keep checking back — this page is regularly updated with the latest information.
41. What do we know about the International Foundation program?
A. Their lessons are given in small classes of 20 students.
B. They have two types of courses with different start dates.
C. They provide courses for students on various degree programs.
D. They are intended for college students who want to improve their English skills.
42. What is the course characterized by?
A. It provides students with guidance for applying universities.
B. It enables students to pass examinations effectively.
C. It helps students design language studying courses.
D. It prepares students for International Foundation Certificate.
43. Assessment of the program is mainly designed for _________.
A. helping students get their final degree
B. students’ receiving support from their tutors
C. improving students for their academic success
D. students’ participating in more similar courses
44. Where would you most likely find the updates of the program?
A. On a newspaper. B. In a coursebook.
C. On an official webpage. D. In an educational magazine.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了针对想要申请读预科的学生课程的相关内容和申请资格及要求。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个表格第二栏的“Start dates 2021: January, June, September/2022: January, June(开始日期：2021年1月、6月、9月：2022年1月、6月)”和最后一栏的Course options可知，预科项目有标准课程和延伸课程，他们的开课日期不同，所以他们有两种不同开始日期的课程。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据Course features中“Guidance with your university applications, so you choose the best degree for you.(指导你的大学申请，让你选择最适合你的学位)”可知，该课程可以指导你的大学申请。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据How will I be assessed (评价)?中“Entry to all honours degrees is highly competitive, so the purpose of the assessment process is to help you improve and build on your success. (进入所有荣誉学位的竞争非常激烈，因此评估过程的目的是帮助你提高并巩固你的成功)”可知，评估过程的目的是提高学生的学术成功。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Please keep checking back — this page is regularly updated with the latest information.(请继续查看——此页面是否定期更新最新信息)”可推知，你很可能在官方网页上找到更新的最新信息。故选C项。
B
Some teens are disapproving of compulsory BMI (body mass index) （身体质量指数） checks in PE classes. Do BMI checks at school do more harm than good? Two teens take sides.
Maya Meade, a high school freshman in Ohio, says yes. “I understand that schools want to weigh students because they are concerned about their physical health. That’s not a bad thing! But what about their mental health? For many students, appearance and self-image are huge sources of stress. Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.
In Maya’s opinion, weight is a personal matter that should stay between a doctor and a patient. She says, “Just imagine someone who struggles with body image being told that his or her BMI is too high as classmates look on! Even if other kids can’t hear, no student wants to feel judged by his or her teacher. That’s not why we go to school.”
Maya thinks if a school wants to have an impact on a student’s physical health, there are better ways to do it, such as providing healthy but filling meals, encouraging physical activity and teaching students about nutrition.
Ben Bagbek, a second-year student in a high school in New York, holds a different opinion. “There is no reason why a school should not be allowed to weigh its students and teach them how to calculate BMI! Obesity (肥胖症) is a huge public health concern in our country. And schools are in a position to help students understand what their weight means to their health -- before they’re at risk of life-threatening conditions.”
“A school’s job is to help students reach their full potential, and your health undoubtedly plays a role in your academic performance. BMI is not a perfect measurement, but it can help you identify the need for healthier eating habits or more physical activity.” says Ben.
The bottom line is: When you feel good, you learn better. As long as the actual number on the scale stays private, it should be viewed as an important part of your health education.
45. What are the two teens debating?
A. Whether students are enjoying PE classes.
B. Whether schools are body-shaming students.
C. Whether students should pay attention to weight.
D. Whether schools should help students lose weight.
46. According to Maya, what will BMI checks bring to students?
A. Healthy diets. B. Emotional stress.
C. Fierce competition. D. Positive self-awareness.
47. What does Maya think of weight?
A. It’s private. B. It’s important.
C. It’s hard to lose. D. It’s not a big deal.
48. Which of the following may Ben agree with?
A. Most school students are overweight.
B. BMI checks are of little help to students.
C. Schools have the right to weigh students.
D. It’s not schools’ duty to help students keep fit.
【答案】45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。对于体育课上教师是否可以测量学生体重这一问题，两个学生给出了不同的意见。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Some teens are disapproving of compulsory BMI (body mass index) （身体质量指数） checks in PE classes. Do BMI checks at school do more harm than good? Two teens take sides.”（一些青少年反对在体育课上强制进行体重指数检查。在学校检查身体质量指数弊大于利吗？两个青少年表明了立场。）第二段中“Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.”（Maya 说：“强迫青少年在学校称体重只会增加他们为适应某种模式而感到的压力。）倒数第二段中“A school’s job is to help students reach their full potential, and your health undoubtedly plays a role in your academic performance. BMI is not a perfect measurement, but it can help you identify the need for healthier eating habits or more physical activity.” says Ben.”（Ben说：“学校的工作就是帮助学生发挥他们的全部潜能，你的健康无疑对你的学习成绩起着重要作用。身体质量指数并不是一个完美的衡量标准，但它可以帮助你确定是否需要更健康的饮食习惯或更多的体育活动。”）可知，两位青少年就学校测量学生体重是否会对学生不利展开讨论。选项B和文意保持一致。故选B。
2.细节理解题。由第二段中“ Forcing teens to be weighed at school will only increase the pressure they feel to fit a certain mold (模子)”, says Maya.”（Maya 说：“强迫青少年在学校称体重只会增加他们为适应某种模式而感到的压力。” ）可知，Maya认为学校测量学生体重会给学生带来心理压力。选项B与文意一致。 故选B。
3. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In Maya’s opinion, weight is a personal matter that should stay between a doctor and a patient. （在 Maya 看来，体重是医生和病人之间的私人问题。）可知，Maya认为体重是个人隐私。选项A与文意一致。故选A。
4.推理判断题。由第五段中的“There is no reason why a school should not be allowed to weigh its students and teach them how to calculate BMI!”（没有理由不允许学校给学生称体重，并教学生如何计算体重指数）可知，Ben 认为学校有权测量学生体重。选项C与文意一致。故选C。
C
A few years ago, my husband Matt offered to get me a digital piano for my 41st birthday. Matt knew that I had taken piano lessons as a kid, but stopped doing so in the seventh grade. I was at the age when I would rather go to the mall with friends than play the piano on the weekends.
I was game for a digital piano, but skeptical--I wasn’t sure I was going to play it that often. However, Matt was persistent. He reminded me that I’d mentioned wanting to play the piano again, so he bought me one and set it up in my office.
To be honest, I had only made half-hearted attempts over the years to take up various hobbies, mostly craft-related ones like knitting (编织) and cross-stitch (十字绣), to relax. But nothing really stuck.
Then, two years ago, I had a baby. The piano became even more of an afterthought as I became consumed by the challenges of parenting. I had enough on my plate, I told myself. There was no point in adding another thing that was probably just going to stress me out.
But recently, my 2-year-old son had figured out how to turn on the digital piano and loved to bang on the keys. Seeing him play so joyfully, I thought maybe I could take piano lessons and help him to prepare for the music world.
I started lessons a couple of weeks later, and it turned out that I could handle 15 minutes a day.
Sometimes, I could handle 40 minutes. I found myself completely immersed in playing the piano. The repetition calmed me. Going over difficult parts in each piece I was learning was incredibly satisfying. To my great surprise, at age 44, I have an actual hobby now, and I really look forward to performing together with my son one day.
49. Which of the following statements about the author is true according to the passage?
A. She devoted herself entirely to bringing up her baby.
B. She dropped out of school in the seven grade.
C. She gave up playing the piano again at her forties.
D. She ate a lot for parenting.
50. What do we know about the author’s craft-related hobbies?
A. She loved knitting and cross-stitch the most.
B. She gave them up eventually.
C. They made her more patient.
D. They gave her too much pressure.
51. What inspired the author to restart learning how to play the piano?
A. Her husband’s encouragement.
B. Her son’s interest in the piano.
C. Her hope to make her son happy.
D. Her desire to reduce the stress of parenting.
52. What happened after the author started taking piano lessons again?
A. She taught her son to play the piano.
B. She determined to become a pianist.
C. She practiced harder for competition.
D. She felt peaceful and content while playing.
【答案】49. C 50. B 51. B 52. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者丈夫在其41岁时送给她一架数码钢琴，但是因养育孩子繁忙而放弃。然而，两岁儿子对钢琴的兴趣也让作者在钢琴中找到了平静和满足感。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段首句“A few years ago, my husband Matt offered to get me a digital piano for my 41st birthday. (几年前，我丈夫马特在我41岁生日时送了我一架数码钢琴。)”以及第四段“Then, two years ago, I had a baby. The piano became even more of an afterthought as I became consumed by the challenges of parenting. I had enough on my plate, I told myself. There was no point in adding another thing that was probably just going to stress me out. (然后，两年前，我有了一个孩子。当我被养育孩子的挑战所吞噬时，钢琴成了我事后才想到的事情。我告诉自己，我已经够忙的了。再增加一件可能只会让我感到压力的事情是没有意义的。)”可知，四十多岁时，丈夫送的钢琴再次被作者放弃。故选C。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To be honest, I had only made half-hearted attempts over the years to take up various hobbies, mostly craft-related ones like knitting (编织) and cross-stitch (十字绣), to relax. But nothing really stuck. (说实话，这些年来，我只是半心半意地尝试过各种各样的爱好来放松自己，主要是编织和十字绣等与工艺有关的爱好。 但什么都没有吸引我。)”可知，作者最终放弃了与工艺有关的爱好。故选B。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“But recently, my 2-year-old son had figured out how to turn on the digital piano and loved to bang on the keys. Seeing him play so joyfully, I thought maybe I could take piano lessons and help him to prepare for the music world. (但最近，我两岁的儿子已经学会了如何打开数码钢琴，他很喜欢敲击琴键。看到他弹得那么开心，我想也许我可以去上钢琴课，帮助他为音乐世界做准备。)”可知，是儿子对钢琴的兴趣让作者重新学习弹钢琴。故选B。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据末段前四句“Sometimes, I could handle 40 minutes. I found myself completely immersed in playing the piano. The repetition calmed me. Going over difficult parts in each piece I was learning was incredibly satisfying. (有时候，我能弹40分钟。我发现自己完全沉浸在弹钢琴中。重复使我平静下来。复习每一节中困难的部分让我非常满意。)”可知，作者在钢琴中获得了平静和满足感。故选D。
D
A wildfire in New Mexico, a state in the southwestern US, has burned for nearly two months, consuming more than 315, 000 acres of land--an area about the size of the city of Los Angeles.
“With climate change, it seems like the dominoes are beginning to fall,” NASA hydrologist JT Reager told the BBC. “We get warmer temperatures, we get less rain and snow. The reservoirs(水库) start drying up, then in a place like the West of the US, we get wildfires.”
In recent years, wildfires have wreaked havoc across countries including the US and Australia.
These fires destroy homes and businesses, claim lives and also negatively impact the environment. As climate change worsens, global temperatures increase and so does the risk of wildfires. A recent report from the United Nations Environment Programme and GRID—Arendal, a partner organization in Norway, reveals that wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe.
This is harmful to people around the globe. According to the joint UN report, it is estimated that the yearly “economic burden from wildfire for the United States is between $7. 1 billion and $347. 8 billion”.
Another article published in Nature journal on April 19 found that wildfires have created seasonal pollution patterns in the northwestern US. Between 2002 and 2018, carbon monoxide( 一氧化碳) levels increased every year for the month of August in the area.
In 2019 and 2020, Australian bushfires displaced millions, filled the air with deadly clouds of smoke and killed thousands of koalas.
Forest fires are common in China too. In the recent decade, the total number of forest fires in the country every year has increased to more than 2, 000 cases, according to The Paper.
Greater Hinggan Mountains( 大兴安岭) is one of the important forestry bases in China. The National Forestry and Grassland Administration adopted mountain watchtowers, forest cameras and aerial drones(无人机) to prevent forest fires in the summer.
53. The author quotes Reager’s words in the second paragraph to ________.
A. show the seriousness of the recent wildfire in the US
B. list some environmental problems caused by wildfires
C. explain how climate change contributes to wildfires
D. provide possible solutions to wildfires around the globe
54. What does the underlined phrase “wreaked havoc” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Created pollution. B. Been out of control.
C. Caused great damage. D. Drawn much attention.
55. How has wildfire affected the American Northwest according to the text?
A. Millions of people have been displaced.
B. It has caused seasonal patterns of pollution.
C. It has led to around $7. 1 billion economic loss annually.
D. Carbon monoxide levels have increased year on year.
56. What do we know about forest fires in China?
A. There has been over 2,000 cases in the last decade.
B. Greater Hinggan Mountains experienced the largest one.
C. They were not very common several decades ago.
D. Measures have been taken to prevent them from happening.
【答案】53. C 54. C 55. B 56. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野火正变得越来越频繁、危害越来越大。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““With climate change, it seems like the dominoes are beginning to fall,” NASA hydrologist JT Reager told the BBC. “We get warmer temperatures, we get less rain and snow. The reservoirs(水库) start drying up, then in a place like the West of the US, we get wildfires.”(“随着气候变化，多米诺骨牌似乎开始倒下，”美国宇航局水文学家JT·Reager告诉BBC。“气温升高，雨雪减少。水库开始干涸，然后在美国西部这样的地方，我们就会发生野火。”)”可推断，作者在第二段引用了Reager的话解释气候变化如何导致野火。故选C。
【54题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“These fires destroy homes and businesses, claim lives and also negatively impact the environment. (这些火灾摧毁了房屋和企业，夺去了生命，还对环境产生了负面影响。)”和常识可知，近年来，野火在包括美国和澳大利亚在内的国家造成了严重破坏。所以wreaked havoc为“造成严重破坏”之意。故选C。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Another article published in Nature journal on April 19 found that wildfires have created seasonal pollution patterns in the northwestern US. (4月19日发表在《自然》杂志上的另一篇文章发现，野火在美国西北部造成了季节性污染模式。)”可知，野火对美国西北部造成了季节性的污染模式。故选B。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The National Forestry and Grassland Administration adopted mountain watchtowers, forest cameras and aerial drones(无人机) to prevent forest fires in the summer. (国家林业和草原局采用了山地瞭望塔、森林摄像机和空中无人机来预防夏季森林火灾。)”可知，在中国已经采取措施防止野火的发生。故选D。
E
The most important skill I picked up at school was keeping a routine.
Routines allow us to develop a rhythm to our lives, but they also have their downsides.
It can be easy to get so accustomed to your routine that you don’t realize you’re no longer conscious of your time. This can stop progress, which means you start living your life on autopilot. It’s important that you include time in your routine for self-reflection.
Doing the same thing week after week can be dull. If you make time to try new things and explore new interests, you can adjust your routine to better fit your lifestyle as things change.
When I first came to college, I was told countless times that it’s important you develop a routine so you can focus on things important to you. But it’s easy to forget the bigger picture. I got so used to the same old things that I would often forget about all of the other fun and exciting opportunities college had to offer.
It wasn’t until my junior year that I really started setting time aside to explore things that were interesting to me. This was partly because COVID-19 and lockdown made my college life a lot more boring. It was this experience that made me realize I was stuck in a rut, a feeling I’m sure many came to terms with.
I decided I was going to make a change. I needed to find a balance between keeping a structured schedule and finding time to be creative and try new things.
I started writing and doing research to apply the things I learned in class. I started learning new instruments, visiting new places around town and exploring new ways to get involved in the local community. All of these different experiences allowed me to look at the things I was doing from a new perspective. It made me reassess what I’m doing with my life and pursue new goals, which have added huge value to my life.
Routines are important, yes, but don’t forget: it’s not the routine that determines your life. So don’t forget to throw something new in there from time to time. Above all else, don’t live your life on autopilot.
57. What can happen if we “live our lives on autopilot” according to the author?
A. We make rapid progress.
B. We get bored by our dull lives.
C. We forget to practice self-reflection.
D. We become more sensitive to changes.
58. What happened to the author after he first went to college?
A. He developed and stuck to the same routines.
B. He always tried to break routines.
C. He forgot how to draw the picture.
D. He couldn’t adapt to college life.
59. What did the author realize in his junior year of college?
A. It was vital to develop a routine.
B. A structured schedule helped beat boredom.
C. He should focus on important things.
D. He should lead a more balanced life.
60. What is the message the author tries to convey in the text?
A. We should balance our school work and interests.
B. It’s important to explore possibilities outside our routines.
C. Our routines define our goals and who we are.
D. Colleges offer us numerous opportunities to try new things.
【答案】57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述了作者养成了保持常规的习惯，后来发现这让他忘记了其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会，于是他作出了改变，在保持一个有条理的时间表和抽出时间去创造和尝试新事物之间找到平衡，这给他的生活增添了巨大的价值，他意识到探索日常生活之外的可能性是很重要的。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This can stop progress, which means you start living your life on autopilot. It’s important that you include time in your routine for self-reflection. (这可能会阻碍进步，这意味着你开始在自动驾驶仪上生活。重要的是，你要在日常生活中留出时间进行自我反省)”可知，根据作者的说法，如果我们“在自动驾驶仪上生活”，我们就会忘记自我反省。故选C。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When I first came to college, I was told countless times that it’s important you develop a routine so you can focus on things important to you. But it’s easy to forget the bigger picture. I got so used to the same old things that I would often forget about all of the other fun and exciting opportunities college had to offer. (当我刚上大学的时候，有人无数次告诉我，养成习惯很重要，这样你才能专注于对你来说重要的事情。但我们很容易忘记大局。我太习惯于同样的旧事物，以至于我经常忘记大学所提供的所有其他有趣和令人兴奋的机会)”可推知，作者第一次上大学时，他养成并坚持同样的习惯。故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中的“t wasn’t until my junior year that I really started setting time aside to explore things that were interesting to me. (直到大三的时候，我才真正开始腾出时间来探索我感兴趣的事情)”及第七段“I decided I was going to make a change. I needed to find a balance between keeping a structured schedule and finding time to be creative and try new things.(我决定要做出改变。我需要在保持一个有条理的时间表和抽出时间去创造和尝试新事物之间找到平衡)”可知，在大三的时候，作者意识到他应该过一种更平衡的生活。故选D。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Routines are important, yes, but don’t forget: it’s not the routine that determines your life. So don’t forget to throw something new in there from time to time. Above all else, don’t live syour life on autopilot.(例行公事很重要，是的，但别忘了：并不是例行公事决定你的生活。所以别忘了时不时往里面扔点新东西。最重要的是，不要在自动驾驶仪上生活)”可推知，作者试图在书中传达这样的信息：探索日常生活之外的可能性是很重要的。故选B。
II卷 (满分 20 分)
IV. 单词填空 根据句意或所给提示用单词的正确形式填空 (共10小题;每题1分;共10分)
61. My deskmate is a boy full of e________ who never feels tired. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】energy##nergy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我的同桌是一个充满活力的男孩，他从不觉得累。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填“能量，精力”用作介词of的宾语，energy不可数名词。故填energy。
62. His face is kind of familiar, which r________ me of an old friend. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reminds##eminds
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他的脸有点面熟，让我想起了一个老朋友。remind sb.of sth.使某人想起……，根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。关系代词which指代前面一句话，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据首字母提示及句意，故填reminds。
63. The police have already i________ around 8 murder suspects (谋杀案嫌犯). (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】 identified##dentified
【解析】
【详解】考查动词过去分词。句意：警方已经确定了大约8名谋杀嫌疑人。根据首字母和“The police”以及“around 8 murder suspects”可知，是警方确定了8名嫌疑人。“确认”是动词identify，此处应该过去分词形式和have构成现在完成时，故填identified。
64. A peaceful environment is of great importance to________(全球的) development. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：和平的环境对于全球发展而言很重要。根据汉语提示“全球的”和设空处后面的名词development可知，设空处应填形容词global，作定语。故填global。
65. Tickets are ________(可以买到的) from the box office. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】available
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：票可以在售票处买到。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词available，作表语。故填available。
66. This offer is for a l________ period only. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：此次减价时间有限。分析句意和首字母可知此处填写形容词limited表示“有限的”，作定语符合语境。故填limited。
67. Try to keep a b________ between work and relaxation. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】balance##alance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽力在工作和休息之间保持平衡。根据首字母提示以及句意，这里是说“保持平衡”。故填balance。
68. As the movie progresses the t________ builds. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】tension##ension
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着电影的推进，紧张气氛越来越浓。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。表示“紧张”用tension，其为不可数名词。故填tension。
69. These styles can ________(适应) to suit individual tastes. . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】be adapted##be adjusted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和谓语的被动语态。句意：这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好。分析句子可知，句子的谓语不完整。根据汉语提示“适应”可知，使用短语adapt to或adjust to；结合句意，主语These styles和动词adapt/adjust to之间是被动关系，情态动词后跟动词原形，所以填be adapted/adjusted。故填be adapted或be adjusted。
70. There is a r________________ bus service to the airport. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】regular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有经常开往机场的公共汽车。根据单词首字母以及句意，可知应填形容词regular，作定语修饰名词短语bus service。故填regular。
V. 短语填空 根据句意选择正确短语并用其正确形式填空(共 10 小题;每题 1 分;共 10 分)
根据句意选择正确短语并用其正确形式填空
feel at home with complain about base on end up around the corner
suffer from in harmony with catch up on reflect on lead to
in memory of regardless of in turn take to doing
71. I need some time to ________ the possible reasons for my failure.
72. She will go to see a doctor because she has been ________ serious headache recently.
73. We built this museum ________ this fearless fighter.
74. The conclusion ________ facts so it is reliable.
75. Theory is based on practice and ________ serves practice.
76. With Spring Festival just ________, you should start your festive cooking now.
77. The club welcomes all new members ________ age.
78. People like to ________ how children spend so much time on computer games.
79. Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and ________ each other’s days.
80. If you fool about with matches, you’ll ________ getting burned.
【答案】71. reflect on
72. suffering from
73. in memory of
74. is based on
75. in turn
76. around the corner
77. regardless of
78. complain about
79. catch up on
80. end up
【解析】
【71题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我需要一些时间来反思我失败的可能原因。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词短语，与空前的to构成不定式结构。表示“反思”用reflect on。故填reflect on。
【72题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：她要去看医生，因为她最近头痛得很厉害。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，suffer from意为“遭受”，此处表示动作从过去一直发生到现在，也有可能持续到将来，故用现在完成进行时。故填suffering from。
【73题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我们建造这座博物馆是为了纪念这位无畏的战士。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语，表示“纪念”用in memory of。故填in memory of 。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：这个结论是以事实为根据的，是可靠的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语作谓语，同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。“以……基础”使用固定短语be based on。故填is based on。
【75题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作状语，表示“反之，反过来”用in turn。故填in turn。
【76题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：春节即将来临，你现在就应该开始你的节日烹饪了。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语，表示“即将来临”用around the corner。故填around the corner。
【77题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：俱乐部欢迎所有新会员，不论年龄大小。分析句子，设空处表示“不管，不顾”用regardless of。故填regardless of。
【78题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：人们总爱抱怨孩子们花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前to构成不定式结构。表示“抱怨”用complain about。故填complain about。
【79题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：一起做饭给了我们一个放松的机会，弥补彼此的日子。分析句子，设空处应该填写动词短语与空前的relax并列。表示“追赶，弥补”用catch up on。故填catch up on。
【80题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你瞎玩火柴，你最终会被烧伤的。分析句子，设空处使用动词短语，与空前的will构成一般将来时。end up doing为固定短语，意为“以……而告终”。故填end up。
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