高中英语高考2019版高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训18完形填空之说明文含解析

专题限时集训(十八)　完形填空之说明文

A

(2018·运城市模拟)Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life.It    1   our happiness when we are cheerful，and lessens our    2   when we are sad.A good book may absorb our attention so    3  that for the time being we forget our    4  .

Whatever may be our main purpose in reading，good books should never fail to give us   5  .With a good book in our hands we will never be    6  .Whether the characters in the book are taken from real life or are purely    7  ，they may become our companions and make us laugh.The people we meet in books may    8   us either because they are similar to our close friends or because they present    9   types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances.Our human friends sometimes    10   us，but the friends we make in books always respect us.By turning the pages we can   11   them without any fear of hurting their feelings.When our human friends   12   us，good books are always there to give us sympathy and encouragement.

One of the most valuable gifts from books is   13  .Few of us can travel far from home，  14   all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of book.When we wish to   15   from the dull realities of everyday life，a book will help us when   16   else can.To travel by book we don't have to   17   and save a lot of money.Through books we may get the thrill of adventure without   18  .We can climb high mountains or cross the hot sands of the desert，  19  ，through books the whole world is ours for the asking.The   20   of our literary experiences are almost unlimited.

【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。主要介绍一本好书可以给我们带来快乐、朋友、经验和指导。

1．A.achieves 　B．reduces

C．increases 　D．threatens

C　[当我们高兴的时候，它增加(increases)我们的幸福；我们难过的时候，它降低我们的悲痛(sorrows)。]

2．A.duties 　B．sorrows

C．chances 　D．diseases

B　[参见上题解析。]

3．A.completely 　B．naturally

C．frequently 　D．desperately

A　[一本好书会完全(completely)吸引我们，以至于我们忘记了周围的环境(surroundings)。]

4．A.performances 　B．prejudices

C．responsibilities 　D．surroundings

D　[参见上题解析。]

5．A.agreement 　B．treatment

C．enjoyment 　D．judgement

C　[无论我们读书的目的是什么，好的书应该总是给我们享受(enjoyment)。]

6．A.lonely 　B．lazy

C．tired 　D．guilty

A　[手中有一本好书从来都不会寂寞(lonely)。]

7．A.average 　B．imaginary

C．typical 　D．fortunate

B　[无论书中的人物形象来自于真实生活还是虚构的(imaginary)，都会使我们发笑。]

8．A.greet 　B．shock

C．worry 　D．delight

D　[我们在书中遇到的人使我们高兴(delight)，要么是因为他们与我们亲密的朋友相似，要么是因为他们呈现给我们不熟悉(unfamiliar )类型的人，我们很高兴把他们当作新的熟人。]

9．A.uncertain 　B．unpractical

C．unfamiliar 　D．unnecessary

C　[参见上题解析。]

10．A.make fun of 　B．take care of

C．catch sight of 　D．pay attention to

A　[有时我们人类的朋友会取笑(make fun of)我们，但是书中的朋友会尊重我们。]

11．A.order 　B．control

C．believe 　D．ignore

D　[通过翻书页我们可以忽略(ignore)它们，不用担心会伤害到他们的感情。]

12．A.challenge 　B．abandon

C．understand 　D．persuade

B　[当我们人类的朋友遗弃(abandon)我们时，书中的朋友总是给我们以同情和鼓励。故选B。]

13．A.pleasure 　B．knowledge

C．experience 　D．success

C　[书中最有价值的礼物之一就是经验(experience )。]

14．A.but 　B．or

C．if 　D．so

A　[我们很少能出远门。但是(but)我们都可以通过书了解丰富多彩的生活。]

15．A.return 　B．recover

C．graduate 　D．escape

D　[当我们想从日常乏味的生活中逃脱(escape)时，如果没有别的东西(nothing)的话，一本好书将会给我们帮助。]

16．A.anything 　B．nothing

C．everything 　D．something

B　[参见上题解析。]

17．A.pay 　B．stop

C．guess 　D．race

A　[在书中旅游不用花钱(pay)。]

18．A.reason 　B．evidence

C．danger 　D．instruction

C　[在书中我们可以没有危险(danger)地得到冒险的刺激。]

19．A.However 　B．Therefore

C．Otherwise 　D．Anyway

D　[不管怎样(Anyway)，通过书整个世界我们都可以去询问。]

20．A.purposes 　B．possibilities

C．directions 　D．suggestions

B　[我们文学经历的可能性(possibility)几乎是没有限制的。]

B

(2018·河北省衡水中学模拟)Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a   21   pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to   22   every now and then to think about what you've been learning.

Self reflection means stopping the mad rush and   23   yourself so your brain can evaluate what it has already   24  .Some people prefer to do their self reflections   25  ，while others keep a journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal   26   is.

School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it   27   for someone to begin the process of self reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is   28   because there is some kind of test or quiz.Use these natural   29   as opportunities to stop and reflect.

You should find a   30   place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something   31   and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you   32   learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some   33  .　

Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections   34   new information can quickly appear when you   35   it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about.  36   maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don't   37   how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you're not sure when to use it.Writing down your   38   will help you remember to continue seeking answers the next time you   39   the same topic.

Self reflection is an essential skill for a   40   student.If you have never taken the time to reflect，try it now.

【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。主要介绍自我反思的定义，来帮助学生学习。

21．A.steady 　B．fast

C．relaxing 　D．unique

B　[根据前文的“a mad rush of one subject after another”判断，此处应表示“快速的”，故选B。]

22．A.change 　B．check

C．stop 　D．exercise

C　[根据前文的learn可推断，此处应是停一下，故选C。]

23．A.calming 　B．enjoying

C．behaving 　D．helping

A　[根据前文的学习那么快，此处应是让自己平静下来。故选A。]

24．A.dealt 　B．forgotten

C．found 　D．received

D　[此处表示“大脑能评估它接收的东西”，故选D。]

25．A.personally 　B．mentally

C．slowly 　D．directly

B　[与下文的“keep a journal”相对应，此处应是记在心里，故选B。]

26．A.pace 　B．grade

C．skill 　D．style

D　[两种方法都有效，这取决于你个人的风格，故选D。]

27．A.quick 　B．necessary

C．easy 　D．hard

C　[教科书被分成几部分，应该是使得自我反思很容易，故选C。]

28．A.finished 　B．divided

C．interrupted 　D．covered

A　[通过后面的“test or quiz”可知，应是这部分完成了，故选A。]

29．A.breaks 　B．tests

C．units 　D．periods

A　[根据前文的complete和test or quiz等判断，此处应是稍作停顿，故选A。]

30．A.safe 　B．familiar

C．quiet 　D．comfortable

C　[根据下文的“without noise”可知此处应表示“安静的”，故选C。]

31．A.correctly 　B．finally

C．early 　D．independently

C　[通过句中的“you finish something”和“the other students are still working”相比较可知，你完成得早，故选C。]

32．A.actively 　B．newly

C．rapidly 　D．carefully

B　[此处表示对新学的东西做一下回顾，故选B。]

33．A.choices 　B．decisions

C．connections 　D．improvements

C　[这里指让新旧知识相连，下一段的connections是提示，故选C。]

34．A.in case 　B．so that

C．even if 　D．as though

B　[空后是前一分句的结果，故选B。]

35．A.seek 　B．share

C．show 　D．need

D　[此处表示“如果你再需要的时候”，故选D。]

36．A.In general 　B．Of course

C．For example 　D．As usual

C　[下文是前面观点的例子，故选C。]

37．A.know 　B．doubt

C．believe 　D．remember

A　[但是你不知道它是如何工作的，故选A。]

38．A.opinions 　B．methods

C．worries 　D．questions

D　[既然有疑问，就可以把问题(questions)写下来，故选D。后面的answers也是提示。]

39．A.come across 　B．get through

C．think of 　D．take away

A　[此处指下一次你遇到同样的问题时，故选A。]

40．A.talented 　B．successful

C．serious 　D．young

B　[根据文意，自我反思是一个成功学生的基本技能，故选B。]

C

 The Silver Line，created in 2013，is a free,24-hour telephone helpline. It offers information，friendship and advice to   41   people.

“It's often easier to speak to a   42  ，and nice to know you can   43   day or night，” says Bolton，who has no family nearby.She called the helpline after it was   44   by others.

New figures show that August was the charity's    45   month，receiving more than 45,000 calls.Summer can be a(n)  46   time for those left behind during the holiday season，  47    familiar faces are away for holidays，from the shopkeeper to the bus driver or even family members.Two-thirds of the calls are   48   at night-time and weekends，when no other services are   49  .

84 percent of older people say it is very difficult to   50   loneliness，even to members of their   51   because they do not wish to become a “burden”．

A recent study found that almost three-quarters of older people in the UK are   52  ，and more than half have   53   spoken to anyone about how they feel.

People can call the Silver Line   54  ，or be referred by a relative or other helplines，Helpline staff try to learn callers'   55   first and then suggest information or   56   voluntary support，aiming to reconnect them with their communities.

“For a charity，trying to gain donations (捐款)from the public is a   57   task，” says Sophie Andrews，chief leader of the Silver Line，“Older people are regarded as being responsible for economic fall.” To    58   this，Andrews wants a greater understanding of their mental health   59  .“Being older means you are still exposed to mental health issues，but your ability to change your situation is   60  .”

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了一个为老年人服务的热线电话。

41．A.disabled 　B．homeless

C．poor 　D．older

D　[根据下文中多处出现的older people 可知，这个热线电话主要是为“老年人(older people)”服务的。]

42．A.neighbor 　B．stranger

C．friend  　D．doctor

B　[根据下文中“they do not wish to become a ‘burden’”和Helpline staff可知，老年人不愿意成为家人的负担，反而觉得和“陌生人(stranger)”聊天更容易一些。]

43．A.come  　B．talk

C．call 　D．visit

C　[根据下文中的“called the helpline”可知，不管白天黑夜都可以给这个热线服务“打电话(call)”。]

44．A.mentioned 　B．served

C．ignored  　D．blamed

A　[根据语境可知，有人“提到过(mentioned)”这个热线电话后，Bolton便给这个热线打电话。]

45．A.happiest 　B．busiest

C．hottest 　D．worst

B　[根据下文中的“receiving more than 45,000 calls”可知，八月份是这个慈善机构“最忙的(busiest)”一个月。]

46．A.difficult 　B．meaningful

C．unforgettable 　D．relaxing

A　[根据文中的“those left behind during the holiday season”和“familiar faces are away for holidays”可知，八月份对于这些留守的老年人来说“很艰难(difficult)”，因为每当“这时(when)”人们都去度假了，留下老年人们孤零零的。]

47．A.if 　B．or

C．when  　D．though

C　[参见上题解析。]

48．A.missed  　B．paid

C．canceled 　D．received

D　[根据上文中的“24-hour telephone helpline”可知，这个热线服务电话是全天候服务的，很多电话在半夜或周末“打进来(received)”。]

49．A.standard 　B．official

C．useful 　D．available

D　[根据上文中的“at night-time and weekends”和“no other services”可知，没有任何其他服务在半夜和周末是“可获得的(available)”。]

50．A.avoid 　B．recover from

C．admit to 　D．value

C　[根据句中的“they do not wish to become a ‘burden’”可知，老年人不愿意“承认(admit to)”自己的孤独，不想成为负担，甚至对自己的“家人(family)”也不愿意说。]

51．A.family 　B．hospital

C．charity 　D．team

A　[参见上题解析。]

52．A.healthy  　B．wealthy

C．lonely  　D．unfortunate

C　[根据上文中的loneliness可知，老年人很“孤单(lonely)”。]

53．A.ever   　B．never

C．often 　D．sometimes

B　[根据上文中的“do not wish to become a ‘burden’”和loneliness可知，很多老年人“从来没有(never)”和别人说过他们的感受。]

54．A.early 　B．freely

C．directly 　D．frequently

C　[根据下文中的“or be referred by a relative or other helplines”可知，老年人可以“直接(directly)”拨打热线服务电话，或由其他热线电话转接。]

55．A.needs 　B．interests

C．jobs 　D．habits

A　[根据下文中的“and then suggest information”可知，热线电话工作人员首先要了解打电话求助者的“需求(needs)”，然后才给出建议。]

56．A.private 　B．widespread

C．local 　D．international

C　[根据下文中的“reconnect them with their communities”可知，工作人员会向求助者提供信息或者 “当地的(local)”志愿服务，将他们与自己所在的社区联系起来。]

57．A.simple  　B．hard

C．dangerous 　D．pleasant

B　[根据下文中的“Older people are regarded as being responsible for economic fall”可知，公众的对老年人的处境并不理解，这使得慈善机构获得社会基金的支持是一项很“艰难(hard)”的任务。]

58．A.change  　B．support

C．know  　D．find

A　[根据下文中的“wants a greater understanding of their mental health”可知，Andrews想“改变(change)”这一现状。]

59． A.suggestions 　B．examinations

C．plans 　D．experiences

D　[根据下文中的“Being older means...”可知，Andrews呼吁人们理解老年人的“经历(experiences)”。]

60．A.doubted 　B．developed

C．proved 　D．reduced

D　[根据上文中的“you are still exposed to mental health issues，but your ability...”可知，衰老意味着仍然存在心理健康问题，但改变这一状况的能力却“下降了(reduced)”。]