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上海统考卷- 2023年中考英语新材料信息卷（原卷版+解析版+听力+答题卡）
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这是一份上海统考卷- 2023年中考英语新材料信息卷（原卷版+解析版+听力+答题卡），文件包含上海统考卷-名师研究2023年中考英语新材料信息卷解析版docx、上海统考卷-2023年中考英语新材料信息卷原卷版docx、上海统考卷-2023年中考英语新材料信息卷答题卡docx、上海统考卷-2023年中考英语新材料信息卷听力mp3等4份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年中考英语新材料信息卷
上海统考卷
（满分90分，考试时间140分钟）
考生注意：
1.作答前，在答题纸指定位置填写姓名、报名号、座位号。将核对后的条形码贴在答题纸指定位置。
2.所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在试卷上作答一律不得分。
3.用 2B 铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。
Part 1 Listening
(第一部分 听力)
2022年上海市中考英语听力
ⅠListening Comprehension (听力理解) (本大题共 20 题，共 25 分)
A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (5 分)
A B C
D E F
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
【答案】 D B A C F
【原文】1. The pop singer made a wonderful performance and won a round of applause.
2. Having dinner alone could also bring a lot of fun.
3. Benny, how could you leave your room in such a mess?
4. You two have been doing really badly at school lately.
5. The four-handed play of the two pianists was truly fantastic.
B. Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question you hear（根据听到的对话和问题，选出最拾当的答案）（5分）
2．
A．Listening to the woman’s story. B．Telling the woman what he likes.
C．Giving the woman her drink. D．Waiting for the woman to pay.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Who ordered the large iced tea?
W: That was me.
M: Here you go. Would you like a straw?
W: No, thank you.
Question: What is the man doing?
3．
A．Salesman and customer. B．Dad and daughter.
C．Teacher and student. D．Policeman and suspect.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Let me show you our best computer.
W: Wow! It’s great, but it’s also super expensive.
M: Don’t worry. We have a special price for students.
Question: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
4．
A．By air. B．By car. C．By train. D．By bike.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Dear, have you booked the air tickets to Guangzhou yet?
W: Not yet. I’m wondering if we can travel there by train instead of by air.
M: No problem. We can save a bit, by the way.
Q: How will the two speakers travel to Guangzhou?
5．
A．He feels the woman made it well. B．He thinks it will be broken easily.
C．He believes it’s too small. D．He can’t believe she can make a bag herself.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Here, put the fruit in this bag.
M: Are you sure?
W: Yes, I am. Why do you ask?
M: It doesn’t look very strong.
Question: How does the man feel about the bag?
6．
A．He doesn’t have an ID card. B．He doesn’t behave well.
C．He wears casual clothes. D．He looks too young.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Sorry, but you can’t go in there.
M: Why not?
W: You’re not old enough.
M: I am. You can have a look at my ID card.
Question: Why won’t the woman let the man in?
C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分）
7．One spring morning Eric suddenly found his voice had changed.
8．Eric’s mother was really surprised with his voice breaking.
9．Eric’s sister’s voice has the same sudden change as Eric’s.
10．As the teacher says, when becoming a teenager, the voice box grows smaller and thinner.
11．The passage is mainly talking about the teenager’s physical change of growing up.
【答案】7．T 8．F 9．F 10．F 11．T
【原文】It happened one spring morning. Eric woke up and went downstairs. His mum asked him if he wanted some orange juice. “Yes, thanks.” He replied, but his voice had changed! It sounded very deep. He was quite surprised, and so was the dog! But his Mum just smiled and said, “Oh. that’s just your voice breaking.”
Breaking? That did not sound good! So at school that day, Eric asked his teacher what was happening.
“Don’t worry. It’s common. Sound is made by the mouth as air is pushed out through the voice box, which is in the neck. As we grow older the voice box grows larger and thicker. When you are a teenager, there can be a sudden change.” The teacher said.
“But my sister is older than me, and her voice is still the same.” Eric said a little confused “The change is much bigger in boys. Girls voices only change a little so it’s hard to tell the difference.” The teacher said.
Now Eric likes his voice. But the dog still is not sure.
D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences（听对话，用听到的单词完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）（10分）
12．There are ________ ________ of elephants on Earth.
13．Asian elephants are often caught and trained to help people do ________ ________ .
14．Most African elephants live in special places where they are ________ ________ hunters.
15．Both kinds of elephants have long trunks (象鼻) to _________ ________ and do other things.
16．Elephants in zoos and circuses have learned to do tricks ________ ________ on their hind (后部的) legs and so on.
【答案】12． two types 13． heavy work 14． protected from 15． find food 16． like standing
【原文】
Elephants are some of the largest and smartest animals on Earth. There are two types of elephants: Asian and African. Asian elephants are found in the forests of India and Southeast Asia. They are often caught and trained to help people do heavy work. People use them to clear forests and tow heavy logs. The elephants’ trainers often become good friends with the elephants. Most African elephants live in special places where they are protected from hunters. These places also help keep them from damaging crops and fields. African elephants have very large ears that they flap to scare off other animals or to keep cool. Both kinds of elephants have very long trunks. They use their trunks to reach down to the ground and high into trees to find food. Plants, leaves and small branches from trees are their favorite foods. The trunk is also used for drinking, smelling, and greeting other elephants. Elephants like to raise their trunks full of water and give themselves a shower. Most people only see elephants in zoos or circuses. Sometimes they have learned to do tricks like standing on their hind legs or putting their trunks around another elephant’s tail. Someday I’d like to see some elephants in the wild.
Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary
（第二部分 语法和词汇）
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（本大题共15题，每题1分，共15分。每题只有一个正确选项）
17．—Which classical Chinese poem do you like best?
— Don’t laugh if we ________ drunken（醉酒）on the battleground; how many soldiers ever came back safe and sound.（安然无恙）
A．put B．took C．lay D．drank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪首中国古诗？——不要嘲笑我们醉倒在战场上；有多少士兵平安归来。
考查动词辨析。put放；took带走；lay平卧；drank喝酒。根据“drunken（醉酒）on the battleground”可知，此处指醉卧在战场上，故选C。
18．With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete for ________ service for passengers.
A．the best B．best C．better D．good
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着4月18日铁路提速，高铁和空运将不得以更好的服务来争取（更多）乘客。
考查形容词比较级。根据“highway and air transport”及“compete for”可知此处对象是两个，存在竞争关系，所以应用比较级，故选C。
19．I felt he was wrong, ________ I didn’t say so at that time.
A．when B．since C．if D．although
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我觉得他是错的，虽然我那时没有那样说。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；if如果；although虽然。根据“I felt he was wrong, ... I didn’t say so at that time.”可知，句子前后是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。故选D。
20．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.
A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged
【答案】D
【详解】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
21．Last craft class, Ms Li taught her students how the paper ________ a beautiful flower.
A．turned into B．was turned into C．is turned into D．turns into
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上一节手工课，李老师教她的学生如何把纸变成一朵美丽的花。
考查宾语从句的时态及被动语态。根据“how the paper… a beautiful flower”可知此处为how引导的宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用相应的过去时；分析从句主语“the paper”和谓语“turn into”可知，此处为被动关系，应用被动语态，故空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
22．Success in life doesn’t happen ________ accident, but with effort and practice.
A．with B．on C．in D．by
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析。with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据“but with effort and practice”可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident“偶然，意外地”，介词短语。故选D。
23．Looking into my eyes, my father said _________ to me, “Now everything is back to normal again.”
A．kindly B．likely C．lovely D．friendly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说：“现在一切都恢复正常了。”
考查副词辨析。kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据“my father said …to me”可知，爸爸和蔼地说，故选A。
24．“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A．can B．need C．must D．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“你必须排队等候。一件一件付款是这里的规定。”女士说。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够；need需要；must必须；may可能。根据“ It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one”可知，规定是必须要遵守的，故选C。
25．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________.
A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多警察站在会议厅周围，因为会议厅里坐着领导人。
考查倒装句。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，此处需要一个谓语动词即可，AD选项有连接词，不符合此处的语法结构，排除。inside构成的介词短语位于句首，构成完全倒装，需把谓语动词放在主语前，故选C。
26．Trust is always an important part of any healthy ________. Don’t you think so?
A．relationship B．situation C．suggestion D．advantage
【答案】A
【详解】句意：信任一直是任何健康关系中重要的一部分。你不这样认为吗？
考查名词辨析。relationship关系；situation情况；suggestion建议；advantage优点。根据“Trust is always an important part of any healthy…”可知，信任是属于健康关系的组成部分。故选A。
27．Would you mind ________ quiet for a moment? I’m trying ________ a form.
A．keeping; filling out B．to keep; to fill out C．keeping; to fill out D．to keep; filling out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你介意安静一会儿吗？我正在努力填写一张表格。
考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，排除BD；根据“I’m trying...a form”可知是努力填表格，用结构try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故选C。
28．—Why are you so sad?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my father bought me on my birthday.
A．that B．what C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么难过？——我把父亲在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。句子的主干是“I’ve lost the watch”，而“…my father bought me on my birthday”是一个定语从句来修饰先行词“watch”，本句话先行词是“watch”，先行词在定语从句中作直接宾语，选择关系代词which或 that。故选A。
29．—Grace, your Chinese is much better than you first came here.
—I ________ China for 15 years to learn Chinese.
A．has been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Grace，你的中文比刚来的时候好多了。——为了学习中文，我在中国待了15年。
考查延续性动词。have/has been in待在某地，延续性动词；have been to去过某地；have gone to去了某地。for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B和C选项。根据I可知，助动词用have，故选D。
30．—Sir, could you tell me ________ when the COVID-19 broke out.
—The government advised people not to go outside so I stayed at home and worked online.
A．where was you go B．what did you do
C．which you went D．what you did
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——先生，你能告诉我当新冠疫情爆发时你做了什么吗？——政府建议人们不要外出，所以我待在家里上网工作。
考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，所以排除AB选项。根据“I stayed at home and worked online.”可知，是问对方做了什么，故选D。
31．—Gu Ailing has won the Olympics freestyle skiing champion in the winter Olympics games. You can’t believe she is just 18 years old.
—Yeah. ________ excellent girl she is!
A．What an B．What a C．How a D．How an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——谷爱凌在冬奥会上获得了奥运会自由式滑雪冠军。你简直不敢相信她才18岁。——是啊。她真是个优秀的女孩！
考查感叹句。根据“excellent girl she is!”可知，句子的中心词是单数可数名词girl，所以应用What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语，excellent以元音音素开头，应用an。故选A。
17．—Which classical Chinese poem do you like best?
— Don’t laugh if we ________ drunken（醉酒）on the battleground; how many soldiers ever came back safe and sound.（安然无恙）
A．put B．took C．lay D．drank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪首中国古诗？——不要嘲笑我们醉倒在战场上；有多少士兵平安归来。
考查动词辨析。put放；took带走；lay平卧；drank喝酒。根据“drunken（醉酒）on the battleground”可知，此处指醉卧在战场上，故选C。
18．With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete for ________ service for passengers.
A．the best B．best C．better D．good
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着4月18日铁路提速，高铁和空运将不得以更好的服务来争取（更多）乘客。
考查形容词比较级。根据“highway and air transport”及“compete for”可知此处对象是两个，存在竞争关系，所以应用比较级，故选C。
19．I felt he was wrong, ________ I didn’t say so at that time.
A．when B．since C．if D．although
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我觉得他是错的，虽然我那时没有那样说。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；if如果；although虽然。根据“I felt he was wrong, ... I didn’t say so at that time.”可知，句子前后是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。故选D。
20．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.
A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged
【答案】D
【详解】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
21．Last craft class, Ms Li taught her students how the paper ________ a beautiful flower.
A．turned into B．was turned into C．is turned into D．turns into
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上一节手工课，李老师教她的学生如何把纸变成一朵美丽的花。
考查宾语从句的时态及被动语态。根据“how the paper… a beautiful flower”可知此处为how引导的宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用相应的过去时；分析从句主语“the paper”和谓语“turn into”可知，此处为被动关系，应用被动语态，故空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
22．Success in life doesn’t happen ________ accident, but with effort and practice.
A．with B．on C．in D．by
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析。with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据“but with effort and practice”可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident“偶然，意外地”，介词短语。故选D。
23．Looking into my eyes, my father said _________ to me, “Now everything is back to normal again.”
A．kindly B．likely C．lovely D．friendly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说：“现在一切都恢复正常了。”
考查副词辨析。kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据“my father said …to me”可知，爸爸和蔼地说，故选A。
24．“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A．can B．need C．must D．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“你必须排队等候。一件一件付款是这里的规定。”女士说。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够；need需要；must必须；may可能。根据“ It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one”可知，规定是必须要遵守的，故选C。
25．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________.
A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多警察站在会议厅周围，因为会议厅里坐着领导人。
考查倒装句。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，此处需要一个谓语动词即可，AD选项有连接词，不符合此处的语法结构，排除。inside构成的介词短语位于句首，构成完全倒装，需把谓语动词放在主语前，故选C。
26．Trust is always an important part of any healthy ________. Don’t you think so?
A．relationship B．situation C．suggestion D．advantage
【答案】A
【详解】句意：信任一直是任何健康关系中重要的一部分。你不这样认为吗？
考查名词辨析。relationship关系；situation情况；suggestion建议；advantage优点。根据“Trust is always an important part of any healthy…”可知，信任是属于健康关系的组成部分。故选A。
27．Would you mind ________ quiet for a moment? I’m trying ________ a form.
A．keeping; filling out B．to keep; to fill out C．keeping; to fill out D．to keep; filling out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你介意安静一会儿吗？我正在努力填写一张表格。
考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，排除BD；根据“I’m trying...a form”可知是努力填表格，用结构try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故选C。
28．—Why are you so sad?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my father bought me on my birthday.
A．that B．what C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么难过？——我把父亲在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。句子的主干是“I’ve lost the watch”，而“…my father bought me on my birthday”是一个定语从句来修饰先行词“watch”，本句话先行词是“watch”，先行词在定语从句中作直接宾语，选择关系代词which或 that。故选A。
29．—Grace, your Chinese is much better than you first came here.
—I ________ China for 15 years to learn Chinese.
A．has been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Grace，你的中文比刚来的时候好多了。——为了学习中文，我在中国待了15年。
考查延续性动词。have/has been in待在某地，延续性动词；have been to去过某地；have gone to去了某地。for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B和C选项。根据I可知，助动词用have，故选D。
30．—Sir, could you tell me ________ when the COVID-19 broke out.
—The government advised people not to go outside so I stayed at home and worked online.
A．where was you go B．what did you do
C．which you went D．what you did
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——先生，你能告诉我当新冠疫情爆发时你做了什么吗？——政府建议人们不要外出，所以我待在家里上网工作。
考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，所以排除AB选项。根据“I stayed at home and worked online.”可知，是问对方做了什么，故选D。
31．—Gu Ailing has won the Olympics freestyle skiing champion in the winter Olympics games. You can’t believe she is just 18 years old.
—Yeah. ________ excellent girl she is!
A．What an B．What a C．How a D．How an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——谷爱凌在冬奥会上获得了奥运会自由式滑雪冠军。你简直不敢相信她才18岁。——是啊。她真是个优秀的女孩！
考查感叹句。根据“excellent girl she is!”可知，句子的中心词是单数可数名词girl，所以应用What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语，excellent以元音音素开头，应用an。故选A。
Ⅲ. Choose the proper words or phrases to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once（选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分，每题只有一个正确选项）
（A）
A．even B．tradition C．rarely D．well-known E. training
Queen Elizabeth II had a real love for animals. Her favourite pets are corgis（柯基犬）and horses. As a ____32____ , corgis used to be working dogs in Wales but they became famous as The Queen’s pets.The Queen’s love for animals started at a young age when she was gifted a puppy from her father, George VI. For her 18th birthday, Princess Elizabeth was given a corgi named Susan. She is perhaps the most ____33____ of all the corgis The Queen owned. That is because she used to breed（养育）14 generations of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s corgis!
She loved her corgis so much that they ____34____ had their own room at Buckingham Palace and their own cook! Lots of people helped to take care of The Queen’s corgis over the years, including an expert（专家）in animal behavior who came to help with ____35____.
It was reported that she once said, “My corgis are family.”
（B）
A．continued B．events C．especially D．supported E. convenient
Queen Elizabeth II is remembered as a faithful pet parent, ____36____ to her corgis. Besides pet dogs, she had always loved horses too.Once again, the love for the horses started as a child. When she was just four, she was given a Shetland pony（雪特兰马）as a gift from her grandfather, George V.
Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ was a keen horse rider for many years. It ____37____ into her nineties. At 96 years of age, she went on “a gentle ride on her pony at Windsor Castle,” according to People. In addition, she used a horse and carriage for ____38____ like her birthday celebrations.
In her life, she always ____39____ the sport of horse racing. She was named British flat racing’s Champion Owner in 1954 and 1957.
【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了英国女王伊丽莎白二世对动物情有独钟，她最喜欢的动物是柯基犬和马。
【答案解析】
32．句意：作为一项传统，柯基犬曾是威尔士的工作犬，但它们以女王的宠物而闻名。根据“As a...corgis used to be working dogs in Wales”以及所给词可知此处填名词形式，柯基犬是工作犬，这是一个传统，tradition“传统”符合。故选B。
33．句意：她可能是女王拥有的所有柯基犬中最有名的。根据“She is perhaps the most...of all the corgis The Queen owned”以及所给词可知她是最著名的，well-known“著名的”符合。故选D。
34．句意：她非常喜欢她的柯基犬，它们甚至在白金汉宫有自己的房间和自己的厨师！根据“had their own room”以及所给词可知它们甚至有自己的房间，even“甚至”符合。故选A。
35．句意：多年来，许多人帮助照顾女王的柯基犬，包括一位动物行为专家，他来帮助训练。根据“an expert（专家） in animal behavior who came to help with”以及所给词可知动物专家帮助训练，training“训练”符合。故选E。
36．句意：女王伊丽莎白二世被人们铭记为忠实的宠物父母，尤其是她的柯基犬。根据“Queen Elizabeth II is remembered as a faithful pet parent...to her corgis”以及所给词可知她是一个好的宠物父母，尤其是对她的柯基犬，especially“尤其”符合。故选C。
37．句意：这一直持续到她90多岁。根据“into her nineties”以及所给词可知她喜欢马，一直持续到她90多岁，continued“继续”符合。故选A。
38．句意：此外，她还用马和马车来庆祝生日等活动。根据“like her birthday celebrations”以及所给词可知此处指事件，events“事件”符合。故选B。
39．句意：在她的一生中，她一直支持赛马这项运动。根据“the sport of horse racing”以及所给词可知是支持赛马运动，supported“支持”符合。故选D。
Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分）
40．It’s ________ to see such a heavy snow in this warm place. (usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意：在这个温暖的地方看见这样一场大雪，是极不寻常的。根据“It’s”可知后接形容词作表语，又根据“to see such a heavy snow in this warm place”可知在温暖的地方看到大雪，是“不寻常的”，应用形容词usual的反义词unusual。故填unusual。
41．The businessman was sad. He knew the future didn’t seem very ________. (hope)
【答案】hopeful
【详解】句意：商人很伤心。他知道未来似乎不太有希望。根据“seem”可知，此空使用形容词作表语，hopeful“充满希望的”符合语境，故填hopeful。
42．Last Friday, Michael and his little brother did the cooking all by ________. (they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意：上周五，迈克尔和他的弟弟独自做饭。by+反身代词，表示“独自”，they的反身代词为themselves，故填themselves。
43．Jimmy enclosed a few ________ and a map along with his letter. (photo)
【答案】photos
【详解】句意：吉米随信附上几张照片和一张地图。a few修饰可数名词复数，photo的复数为photos，故填photos。
44．I showed my stamp collection to a friend of ________ and told him which was my favourite. (me)
【答案】mine
【详解】句意：我把我收集的邮票给我的一个朋友看，并告诉他哪一个是我最喜欢的。此处是双重所有格的结构，of后接名词性物主代词，故填mine。
45．Enough exercise can help us get out of ________ habits and live better. (healthy)
【答案】unhealthy
【详解】句意：足够的锻炼可以帮助我们摆脱不健康的习惯并且生活得更好。根据“get out of ”可知应是摆脱不健康的习惯。“unhealthy”不健康的，是形容词，在句中用于名词“habits”之前，作定语。故填unhealthy。
46．Some animals will get ________ when spring days come. (excite)
【答案】excited
【详解】句意：当春天来临，一些动物会变得兴奋。系动词“get”后用形容词作表语，根据主语“some animals”可知，句子表达“感到兴奋的”，用形容词形式“excited”。故填excited。
47．Very few people ________ in losing weight and keeping it off. (success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意：极少数人能减肥成功并保持体重。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词；success“成功”，是名词，succeed是动词，短语succeed in doing sth.“做某事成功”，根据语境此句用一般现在时，Very few people是句子的主语，所以用动词原形。故填succeed。
V. Complete the following sentences as required（根据所给要求完成句子。52-57小题每空格限填一词）（本大题共7题，每题2分，共14分）
48．Cartoonists make drawings look funny by changing some face features. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ cartoonists _________ drawings look funny by changing some face features?
【答案】 Do make
【详解】句意：漫画家通过改变一些脸部特征使得画画看起来有趣。根据“Cartoonists make drawings look funny by changing some face features.”可知，时态是一般现在时，谓语动词是“make”，主语是“Cartoonists”，改为一般疑问句借助“do”，句首的首字母要大写。故填Do；make。
49．They built Stadium 974 with 974 shipping containers in Qatar. (改为被动语态)
Stadium 974 _________ _________ with 974 shipping containers in Qatar.
【答案】 was built
【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯用974个集装箱搭建了一个球场。分析原句，是一般过去式，要求改成被动语态，也就是用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语是“stadium”是第三人称单数，用“was”。故填was；built。
50．I can’t remember what time I have to start my speech. (改为简单句)
I can’t remember what time _________ _________ my speech.
【答案】 to start
【详解】句意：我不记得什么时候开始演讲了。本句可用“疑问词+不定式”结构进行替换，what time to start“什么时候开始”，故填to；start。
51．“Can a building change its shape?” Have you ever wondered? (改为宾语从句)
Have you ever wondered ________ a building ________ change its shape?
【答案】 if##whether can
【详解】句意：“建筑物能改变形状吗？”你有没有想过？根据题意和所给空格可知，要将“Can a building change its shape?”变为宾语从句，wonder“想知道”，后面可加if或whether引导的宾语从句，“Can a building change its shape?”是一般疑问句，转变为宾语从句时，引导词要用if或whether，表示“是否”，又因为宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以can要位于change前。故填if/whether；can。
52．The insurance company paid Stella 100,000 dollars for her lost necklace. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ did the insurance company pay Stella for her lost necklace?
【答案】 How much
【详解】句意：保险公司为斯特拉丢失的项链赔偿了10万美元。划线部分表示价格，对此提问用how much，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填How；much。
53．To give more information, we use infinitives after some nouns. (保持原句意思基本不变)
We use infinitives after some nouns _________ _________ we can give more information.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意：为了提供更多的信息，我们在一些名词后使用不定式。原句为动词不定式作目的状语，可换为so that“为了”引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。
54．watching me, seems, play the violin, my mother, to enjoy （连词成句）
___________________________________________________________ .
【答案】My mother seems to enjoy watching me play the violin
【详解】根据标点提示可知，本句是陈述句，分析所给单词，My mother作主语，seems to do似乎，enjoy watching me play the violin喜欢看我拉小提琴。故填My mother seems to enjoy watching me play the violin“我妈妈似乎很喜欢看我拉小提琴”。
Part 3 Reading and Writing
（第三部分 读写）
Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（本大题共25题，共50分）
A. Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（l2分）
The New Year
One pleasant New Year morning, Edward woke up and washed and dressed himself. He was in a hurry as he wanted to be the first to wish people a happy New Year.
He ran into the street repeating them to everyone he met.
When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. He smiled as he took them. He had wanted for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. The father, mother and three children were shivering(颤抖) with cold.
“I wish you a happy New Year,” said Edward, as he happily passed by. The man shook his head and smiled sadly.
He said, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.”
Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his two dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.
How their eyes shone with happiness! They said, “We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you in our prayers(祈祷).”
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought.
Edward hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up.
“I have bought no books,” he said. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry and in trouble. I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.”
His father was pleased. He said, “My dear boy, here is a whole bundle of books. I give them to you, more as a reward(回报) for your goodness of heart than as a New Year gift. Always be ready to help the poor, and those in trouble. That way every year of your life will be a happy New Year to you.”
55．One New Year morning Edward got up early and was in a hurry in order to ________.
A．get a nice present B．say “Happy New Year” to others
C．dress himself well D．be the first to get presents from his father
56．Edward planned to buy ________ when he got the two new silver dollars from his father.
A．some books B．some new clothes
C．some delicious food D．some New Year cards
57．The poor family on the street were ________ when Edward said greetings to them.
A．cold and happy B．hungry and excited
C．thinking about the New Year D．both cold and hungry
58．Which of the following sentences shows that the poor family felt very thankful to Edward?
A．The man shook his head and smiled sadly. B．These little ones had nothing to eat for a long time.
C．How their eyes shone with happiness! D．We will remember you in our prayers.
59．The underlined words “…but quickly looked up” probably tells us that Edward ________.
A．felt sorry B．was awful C．became proud D．turned powerful
60．Edward’s father was pleased with what his son had done and gave him ________ as a reward.
A．another two dollars B．a whole bundle of books
C．goodness of heart D．some suggestions on study
【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了Edward把新年收到的压岁钱给了需要的人们，爸爸对他的行为很赞赏，并送了他一整捆书，希望他随时准备帮助穷人和有困难的人。
【答案解析】
55．细节理解题。根据“He was in a hurry as he wanted to be the first to wish people a happy New Year”可知，因为他想成为第一个祝人们新年快乐的人，故选B。
56．细节理解题。根据“He had wanted for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore”可知，他想用这个钱去买一些书，故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据“The father, mother and three children were shivering(颤抖) with cold”及“These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time”可知，这个贫穷的家庭当时又冷又饿，故选D。
58．推理判断题。根据“We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you in our prayers”可知，“We will remember you in our prayers我们将为你们祈祷”可以看出这一家人的感谢之情，故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据“When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought.”及“Edward hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up”可知，当爸爸询问他买了什么书时，他起初低下头，最后又抬起头，是因为想起了自己的善举而感到骄傲，故选C。
60．细节理解题。根据“My dear boy, here is a whole bundle of books. I give them to you, more as a reward(回报) for your goodness of heart than as a New Year gift.”可知，送了他一整捆书，故选B。
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）
I am as proud of my Chinese heritage (传统) and background as I am devoted to modern science, a part of human civilization of Western origin. ---- Yang Zhenning
For the past 20 years, the Touching China annual people ____61____ has honored people from all walks of life across the country. They are people who warm our hearts with their actions. This year, 10 inspirational role models were on the list.
Let’s get to know one of them, Yang Zhenning, who is a 99-year-old famous physicist. He was chosen for making great contributions (贡献) to physics.
No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind.
In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and another Chinese student, Tsung-dao Lee (李政道), ____62___ a physics theory together. Months later, the two won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. Their achievement ___63____ that Chinese scientists could be on the global world.
____64____, the “frozen” Sino-US relations (中美关系) prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from returning to China.
Then, in 1971, Yang finally got the ___65____ to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. In 2003, Yang returned to China and also taught in Tsinghua.
Under his ___66____, many overseas Chinese students returned to China to make contributions, such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi and physics Wu Xiaogang.
61．A．reward B．award C．toward D．forward
62．A．came across B．came over C．came true D．came up with
63．A．proved B．produced C．provided D．processed
64．A．Therefore B．In addition C．However D．Instead
65．A．chance B．time C．reply D．money
66．A．control B．name C．influence D．leadership
【短文大意】
本文主要讲杨振宁的爱国精神及对祖国的贡献。
【答案解析】
61．句意：在过去的20年，感动中国年度人物奖项被颁给了全国各行各业的人们。
reward报酬；award奖项；toward朝向；forward向前。根据“Touching China annual people”可知是奖项。故选B。
62．句意：在1957年，杨在美国学习，他和另外一个中国学生李政道一起提出了一个物理理论。
come across偶遇；come over过来；come true实现；come up with提出。根据“a physics theory together.”可知是提出理论。故选D。
63．句意：他们的成就证明中国科学家可以跻身全球世界。
prove证明；produced生产；provided提供；processed加工。根据“that Chinese scientists could be on the global world.”可知是证明了中国科学家的实力。故选A。
64．句意：然而，中美关系的僵化阻止了在美国拿到的博士学位的中国科学家返回到中国。
Therefore因此；In addition此外；However然而；Instead相反。根据“prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from returning to China.”可知这件事情和上文提到杨的爱国精神是转折关系，故选C。
65．句意：然后在1971年，杨最终获得了机会返回到中国看一看。
chance机会；time时间；reply返回；money金钱。根据“to return to China for a visit.”可知是有机会回来看一看。故选A。
66．句意：在他的带领下，许多的海外中国学生返回到中国做贡献。
control控制；name名字；influence影响；leadership带领。根据“many overseas Chinese students returned to China to make contributions”可知杨率先回国，在他的带领下，其他科学家也相继回国。故选D。
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）
Orbiting classroom
Do you still remember the lecture from China’s Tiangong space station last year? On March 23, astronaut Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping ang Ye Guangfu gave another one! It was livestream（直播）worldwide. What fun experiments did they do this time?
Hot “ice”
Last time, the astronauts made a water ball in space. This time, they turned a water ball into an “ice” ball! Well, it’s not a____67____ ice. It’s supersaturated sodium acetate solution（过饱和乙酸钠溶液）.
The supersaturated solution is very unstable（不稳定的）. The astronauts dropped a small crystal（晶体）of sodium acetate into the ball-shaped solution. Suddenly, more sodium acetate crystals grew, making a white ball of “ice”. This “ice” is anything but cold, however. The p____68____ actually gives off heat.
A bridge of water
How do you build a “bridge” with water? It’s h____69____ to do it on Earth. But in the space station, with little gravity, it’s quite easy!
In the lecture, Wang Yaping first made two water balls on two plates, then let them touch each other. Next, Wang p____70____ the two plates apart, and the water between them didn’t break. It became a “bridge”! This is because the surface tension（表面张力）of water is not disturbed by gravity in space. The surface tension keeps the “skin” of the water strong so that the bridge doesn’t break.
Separate water and oil
If we m____71____ oil and water in a bottle on Earth, they will quickly separate because they have different densities（密度）. Gravity brings the water down while the oil stays on top. H____72____, if you do this in the space station, with no gravity, the oil and water will blend together.
How can we separate them, then? In the lecture, Ye Guangfu rotated（旋转）the bottle to c____73____ centrifugal force（离心力）. With this man-made gravity, the heavier water is pushed to the furthest point, which brings the lightest oil closer to the center.
【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了三位宇航员在天宫课堂展示的教学内容。
【答案解析】
67．句意：其实它不是冰。根据“It’s supersaturated sodium acetate solution”可知，其实它不是冰。根据单词首字母a可知，actually“实际上，事实上”符合题意。故填(a)ctually。
68．句意：这部分实际上会散发热量。根据“making a white ball of ‘ice’.”以及结合单词首字母p可知，此处表示“这块‘冰’”，piece“块，片”符合题意。故填(p)iece。
69．句意：在地球上很难做到。根据“But in the space station, with little gravity, it’s quite easy!”可知，此处表示转折，因此前文指“很难”，hard“困难的”符合题意。故填(h)ard。
70．句意：接着，王把两个盘子分开，它们之间的水没有破裂。根据“Next, Wang p… the two plates apart,”可知，此处表示“把两个盘子分开”，put“放，安置”符合题意。故填(p)ut。
71．句意：如果我们在地球上把油和水混合在一个瓶子里，它们会很快分离，因为它们的密度不同。根据“they will quickly separate”以及结合单词首字母m可知，此处表示“把油和水混合”，mix“混合”符合题意。故填(m)ix。
72．句意：然而，如果你在空间站里这样做，没有重力，油和水会混合在一起。根据“if you do this in the space station, with no gravity, the oil and water will blend together.”可知，此处表示转折。结合单词首字母H可知，however“然而”符合题意。故填(H)owever。
73．句意：在讲座中，叶光富旋转瓶子产生离心力。根据“Ye Guangfu rotated（旋转）the bottle to c… centrifugal force”可知，叶光富通过旋转瓶子是为了产生离心力。create“创造”符合题意。故填(c)reate。
D. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答问题）（12分）
Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Wearing long robes (长袍) and tall hats, a group of foreigners went on stage and performed Peking Opera and ballads (民谣), as well as spoke Chinese.
You can see scenes like this at the 12th “Chinese bridge”—Chinese Proficiency (能力) Competition for Foreign Secondary School Students. Known as the “Olympics” of Chinese language, the competition took place in Zhengzhou, Henan on Nov 2.
More than 120 students, representing 105 countries, gave Chinese speeches and showed off their talent in areas such as kung fu, tai chi and calligraphy (书法).
Mackova Victoria, a 15-year-old girl from Slovakia, performed Wuqinxi at the competition. She imitated the movements of a tiger, deer, hear, ape and bird on stage. She gained an interest in traditional martial arts (武术) after she found that it could help her relax her muscles (肌肉) and stay fit. “The 2,000-year-old exercise is cool, but few people have heard of it,” Victoria told Xinhua. “I want more foreign people to appreciate it, as well as appreciate Chinese culture.”
Raissa, 17, from the Union of the Comoros, sang the Chinese song Wish You Safe and Well (祝你平安) during the second-round competition. “It is also my sincere wish for the people of China and the Comoros,” said Raissa. After doctors on the Chinese medical team in Africa cured her grandmother three years ago, Raissa developed a strong emotional connection with China. “My dream is to study medicine in China so that I could cure patients like the Chinese doctors who treated my grandmother,” said Raissa.
At the end of the final contest, Germole Iacopo from Italy, who has studied Chinese for four years, won as the champion (冠军). For him, the competition gave him a chance to communicate with young people all around the world. “We should learn to appreciate each other’s differences,” Germole said.
The competition is a “bridge” that shows “________.”, according to Liu Limin, board member of the Confucius Institute (孔子学院). “By studying a language, you actually start to connect with that culture,” Liu added.
74．More than 120 students from 105 countries took part in the competition, didn’t they?
___________________, __________________________
75．Why was Mackova Victoria interested in traditional martial arts?
__________________________________________________________
76．What was Raissa’s dream?
__________________________________________________________
77．How long has Germole Iacopo learned Chinese?
__________________________________________________________
78．What can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph?
__________________________________________________________
79．The competition is very meaningful to foreign students, please give your reasons. (List at least two points.)
__________________________________________________________
【短文大意】
本文介绍了在河南郑州举办的第十二届汉语桥比赛的相关情况。
【答案解析】
74．根据“More than 120 students, representing 105 countries, gave Chinese speeches ”可知，来自105个国家的120多名学生发表了中文演讲。故填Yes, they did.
75．根据“She gained an interest in traditional martial arts (武术) after she found that it could help her relax her muscles (肌肉) and stay fit.”可知，在发现传统武术可以帮助她放松肌肉和保持健康后，她对传统武术产生了兴趣。故填Because she found that it could help her relax her muscles and stay fit.
76．根据“My dream is to study medicine in China”可知，Raissa的梦想是在中国学医，故填Her dream is to study medicine in China.
77．根据“Germole Iacopo from Italy, who has studied Chinese for four years”可知，来自意大利的Germole Iacopo已经学习了四年中文，故填For four years.
78．根据“By studying a language, you actually start to connect with that culture”和前文内容可知，比赛是一座“桥梁”，展示了“我们如何从世界的一端连接到另一端”。故填how we connect from one side of the world to another。
79．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理皆可。参考答案：The competition can help foreign students better understand the Chinese language and culture. The competition helps spread the Chinese language and culture.
Ⅶ. Writing（作文）（本大题共1题，共20分）
80．请以If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear为题写一篇关于保护水资源的短文。环境污染是当今世界上最大的问题，根据下面的提示，请用自己的话说一说应该怎么样保护我们的水资源。
内容要点：1. 生命离不开水资源。
2. 我们的饮用水在减少。
3. 水资源环境污染很严重。
4. 应该保护和再利用水。
要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。
2. 要点包含有关信息，并且适当发挥。
3. 词数80左右。
If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear
As we all know, water is very important to us. We can’t live without water. But some people don’t care about this. They often waste a lot of water. They pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. They throw rubbish into them, too. Now more and more rivers and lakes are seriously polluted. We should do something to stop the pollution. We must protect the water and find ways to reuse it. If we don’t, the last drop of water will be our tear.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：本文根据题干中的提示内容介绍应该怎么样保护我们的水资源，可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表示水的重要性；
第二步，介绍现在水资源污染问题；
第三步，介绍应该如何和再利用水。
[亮点词汇]
①as we all know众所周知
②care about关心
③pour...into把……倒进……
[高分句型]
①As we all know, water is very important to us. We can’t live without water.(as引导的定语从句)
②If we don’t, the last drop of water will be our tear.(if引导的条件状语从句)
2023年中考英语新材料信息卷
上海统考卷
（满分90分，考试时间140分钟）
考生注意：
1.作答前，在答题纸指定位置填写姓名、报名号、座位号。将核对后的条形码贴在答题纸指定位置。
2.所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在试卷上作答一律不得分。
3.用 2B 铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。
Part 1 Listening
(第一部分 听力)
2022年上海市中考英语听力
ⅠListening Comprehension (听力理解) (本大题共 20 题，共 25 分)
A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (5 分)
A B C
D E F
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
【答案】 D B A C F
【原文】1. The pop singer made a wonderful performance and won a round of applause.
2. Having dinner alone could also bring a lot of fun.
3. Benny, how could you leave your room in such a mess?
4. You two have been doing really badly at school lately.
5. The four-handed play of the two pianists was truly fantastic.
B. Listen to the dialogues and choose the best answer to each question you hear（根据听到的对话和问题，选出最拾当的答案）（5分）
2．
A．Listening to the woman’s story. B．Telling the woman what he likes.
C．Giving the woman her drink. D．Waiting for the woman to pay.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Who ordered the large iced tea?
W: That was me.
M: Here you go. Would you like a straw?
W: No, thank you.
Question: What is the man doing?
3．
A．Salesman and customer. B．Dad and daughter.
C．Teacher and student. D．Policeman and suspect.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Let me show you our best computer.
W: Wow! It’s great, but it’s also super expensive.
M: Don’t worry. We have a special price for students.
Question: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
4．
A．By air. B．By car. C．By train. D．By bike.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Dear, have you booked the air tickets to Guangzhou yet?
W: Not yet. I’m wondering if we can travel there by train instead of by air.
M: No problem. We can save a bit, by the way.
Q: How will the two speakers travel to Guangzhou?
5．
A．He feels the woman made it well. B．He thinks it will be broken easily.
C．He believes it’s too small. D．He can’t believe she can make a bag herself.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Here, put the fruit in this bag.
M: Are you sure?
W: Yes, I am. Why do you ask?
M: It doesn’t look very strong.
Question: How does the man feel about the bag?
6．
A．He doesn’t have an ID card. B．He doesn’t behave well.
C．He wears casual clothes. D．He looks too young.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Sorry, but you can’t go in there.
M: Why not?
W: You’re not old enough.
M: I am. You can have a look at my ID card.
Question: Why won’t the woman let the man in?
C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分）
7．One spring morning Eric suddenly found his voice had changed.
8．Eric’s mother was really surprised with his voice breaking.
9．Eric’s sister’s voice has the same sudden change as Eric’s.
10．As the teacher says, when becoming a teenager, the voice box grows smaller and thinner.
11．The passage is mainly talking about the teenager’s physical change of growing up.
【答案】7．T 8．F 9．F 10．F 11．T
【原文】It happened one spring morning. Eric woke up and went downstairs. His mum asked him if he wanted some orange juice. “Yes, thanks.” He replied, but his voice had changed! It sounded very deep. He was quite surprised, and so was the dog! But his Mum just smiled and said, “Oh. that’s just your voice breaking.”
Breaking? That did not sound good! So at school that day, Eric asked his teacher what was happening.
“Don’t worry. It’s common. Sound is made by the mouth as air is pushed out through the voice box, which is in the neck. As we grow older the voice box grows larger and thicker. When you are a teenager, there can be a sudden change.” The teacher said.
“But my sister is older than me, and her voice is still the same.” Eric said a little confused “The change is much bigger in boys. Girls voices only change a little so it’s hard to tell the difference.” The teacher said.
Now Eric likes his voice. But the dog still is not sure.
D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences（听对话，用听到的单词完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）（10分）
12．There are ________ ________ of elephants on Earth.
13．Asian elephants are often caught and trained to help people do ________ ________ .
14．Most African elephants live in special places where they are ________ ________ hunters.
15．Both kinds of elephants have long trunks (象鼻) to _________ ________ and do other things.
16．Elephants in zoos and circuses have learned to do tricks ________ ________ on their hind (后部的) legs and so on.
【答案】12． two types 13． heavy work 14． protected from 15． find food 16． like standing
【原文】
Elephants are some of the largest and smartest animals on Earth. There are two types of elephants: Asian and African. Asian elephants are found in the forests of India and Southeast Asia. They are often caught and trained to help people do heavy work. People use them to clear forests and tow heavy logs. The elephants’ trainers often become good friends with the elephants. Most African elephants live in special places where they are protected from hunters. These places also help keep them from damaging crops and fields. African elephants have very large ears that they flap to scare off other animals or to keep cool. Both kinds of elephants have very long trunks. They use their trunks to reach down to the ground and high into trees to find food. Plants, leaves and small branches from trees are their favorite foods. The trunk is also used for drinking, smelling, and greeting other elephants. Elephants like to raise their trunks full of water and give themselves a shower. Most people only see elephants in zoos or circuses. Sometimes they have learned to do tricks like standing on their hind legs or putting their trunks around another elephant’s tail. Someday I’d like to see some elephants in the wild.
Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary
（第二部分 语法和词汇）
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（本大题共15题，每题1分，共15分。每题只有一个正确选项）
17．—Which classical Chinese poem do you like best?
— Don’t laugh if we ________ drunken（醉酒）on the battleground; how many soldiers ever came back safe and sound.（安然无恙）
A．put B．took C．lay D．drank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪首中国古诗？——不要嘲笑我们醉倒在战场上；有多少士兵平安归来。
考查动词辨析。put放；took带走；lay平卧；drank喝酒。根据“drunken（醉酒）on the battleground”可知，此处指醉卧在战场上，故选C。
18．With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete for ________ service for passengers.
A．the best B．best C．better D．good
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着4月18日铁路提速，高铁和空运将不得以更好的服务来争取（更多）乘客。
考查形容词比较级。根据“highway and air transport”及“compete for”可知此处对象是两个，存在竞争关系，所以应用比较级，故选C。
19．I felt he was wrong, ________ I didn’t say so at that time.
A．when B．since C．if D．although
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我觉得他是错的，虽然我那时没有那样说。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；if如果；although虽然。根据“I felt he was wrong, ... I didn’t say so at that time.”可知，句子前后是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。故选D。
20．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.
A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged
【答案】D
【详解】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
21．Last craft class, Ms Li taught her students how the paper ________ a beautiful flower.
A．turned into B．was turned into C．is turned into D．turns into
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上一节手工课，李老师教她的学生如何把纸变成一朵美丽的花。
考查宾语从句的时态及被动语态。根据“how the paper… a beautiful flower”可知此处为how引导的宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用相应的过去时；分析从句主语“the paper”和谓语“turn into”可知，此处为被动关系，应用被动语态，故空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
22．Success in life doesn’t happen ________ accident, but with effort and practice.
A．with B．on C．in D．by
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析。with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据“but with effort and practice”可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident“偶然，意外地”，介词短语。故选D。
23．Looking into my eyes, my father said _________ to me, “Now everything is back to normal again.”
A．kindly B．likely C．lovely D．friendly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说：“现在一切都恢复正常了。”
考查副词辨析。kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据“my father said …to me”可知，爸爸和蔼地说，故选A。
24．“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A．can B．need C．must D．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“你必须排队等候。一件一件付款是这里的规定。”女士说。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够；need需要；must必须；may可能。根据“ It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one”可知，规定是必须要遵守的，故选C。
25．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________.
A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多警察站在会议厅周围，因为会议厅里坐着领导人。
考查倒装句。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，此处需要一个谓语动词即可，AD选项有连接词，不符合此处的语法结构，排除。inside构成的介词短语位于句首，构成完全倒装，需把谓语动词放在主语前，故选C。
26．Trust is always an important part of any healthy ________. Don’t you think so?
A．relationship B．situation C．suggestion D．advantage
【答案】A
【详解】句意：信任一直是任何健康关系中重要的一部分。你不这样认为吗？
考查名词辨析。relationship关系；situation情况；suggestion建议；advantage优点。根据“Trust is always an important part of any healthy…”可知，信任是属于健康关系的组成部分。故选A。
27．Would you mind ________ quiet for a moment? I’m trying ________ a form.
A．keeping; filling out B．to keep; to fill out C．keeping; to fill out D．to keep; filling out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你介意安静一会儿吗？我正在努力填写一张表格。
考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，排除BD；根据“I’m trying...a form”可知是努力填表格，用结构try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故选C。
28．—Why are you so sad?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my father bought me on my birthday.
A．that B．what C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么难过？——我把父亲在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。句子的主干是“I’ve lost the watch”，而“…my father bought me on my birthday”是一个定语从句来修饰先行词“watch”，本句话先行词是“watch”，先行词在定语从句中作直接宾语，选择关系代词which或 that。故选A。
29．—Grace, your Chinese is much better than you first came here.
—I ________ China for 15 years to learn Chinese.
A．has been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Grace，你的中文比刚来的时候好多了。——为了学习中文，我在中国待了15年。
考查延续性动词。have/has been in待在某地，延续性动词；have been to去过某地；have gone to去了某地。for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B和C选项。根据I可知，助动词用have，故选D。
30．—Sir, could you tell me ________ when the COVID-19 broke out.
—The government advised people not to go outside so I stayed at home and worked online.
A．where was you go B．what did you do
C．which you went D．what you did
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——先生，你能告诉我当新冠疫情爆发时你做了什么吗？——政府建议人们不要外出，所以我待在家里上网工作。
考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，所以排除AB选项。根据“I stayed at home and worked online.”可知，是问对方做了什么，故选D。
31．—Gu Ailing has won the Olympics freestyle skiing champion in the winter Olympics games. You can’t believe she is just 18 years old.
—Yeah. ________ excellent girl she is!
A．What an B．What a C．How a D．How an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——谷爱凌在冬奥会上获得了奥运会自由式滑雪冠军。你简直不敢相信她才18岁。——是啊。她真是个优秀的女孩！
考查感叹句。根据“excellent girl she is!”可知，句子的中心词是单数可数名词girl，所以应用What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语，excellent以元音音素开头，应用an。故选A。
17．—Which classical Chinese poem do you like best?
— Don’t laugh if we ________ drunken（醉酒）on the battleground; how many soldiers ever came back safe and sound.（安然无恙）
A．put B．took C．lay D．drank
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪首中国古诗？——不要嘲笑我们醉倒在战场上；有多少士兵平安归来。
考查动词辨析。put放；took带走；lay平卧；drank喝酒。根据“drunken（醉酒）on the battleground”可知，此处指醉卧在战场上，故选C。
18．With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete for ________ service for passengers.
A．the best B．best C．better D．good
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着4月18日铁路提速，高铁和空运将不得以更好的服务来争取（更多）乘客。
考查形容词比较级。根据“highway and air transport”及“compete for”可知此处对象是两个，存在竞争关系，所以应用比较级，故选C。
19．I felt he was wrong, ________ I didn’t say so at that time.
A．when B．since C．if D．although
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我觉得他是错的，虽然我那时没有那样说。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；if如果；although虽然。根据“I felt he was wrong, ... I didn’t say so at that time.”可知，句子前后是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”。故选D。
20．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.
A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged
【答案】D
【详解】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
21．Last craft class, Ms Li taught her students how the paper ________ a beautiful flower.
A．turned into B．was turned into C．is turned into D．turns into
【答案】B
【详解】句意：上一节手工课，李老师教她的学生如何把纸变成一朵美丽的花。
考查宾语从句的时态及被动语态。根据“how the paper… a beautiful flower”可知此处为how引导的宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用相应的过去时；分析从句主语“the paper”和谓语“turn into”可知，此处为被动关系，应用被动语态，故空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
22．Success in life doesn’t happen ________ accident, but with effort and practice.
A．with B．on C．in D．by
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人生的成功不是偶然发生的，而是需要努力和实践。
考查介词辨析。with具有，和，用；on在……上；in在……里；by在……旁边，通过。根据“but with effort and practice”可知，人生的成功不是偶然发生的，by accident“偶然，意外地”，介词短语。故选D。
23．Looking into my eyes, my father said _________ to me, “Now everything is back to normal again.”
A．kindly B．likely C．lovely D．friendly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：父亲看着我的眼睛，和蔼地对我说：“现在一切都恢复正常了。”
考查副词辨析。kindly和蔼地；likely可能；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。此空修饰动词said，应填副词，排除C和D选项。根据“my father said …to me”可知，爸爸和蔼地说，故选A。
24．“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A．can B．need C．must D．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：“你必须排队等候。一件一件付款是这里的规定。”女士说。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够；need需要；must必须；may可能。根据“ It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one”可知，规定是必须要遵守的，故选C。
25．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________.
A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多警察站在会议厅周围，因为会议厅里坐着领导人。
考查倒装句。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，此处需要一个谓语动词即可，AD选项有连接词，不符合此处的语法结构，排除。inside构成的介词短语位于句首，构成完全倒装，需把谓语动词放在主语前，故选C。
26．Trust is always an important part of any healthy ________. Don’t you think so?
A．relationship B．situation C．suggestion D．advantage
【答案】A
【详解】句意：信任一直是任何健康关系中重要的一部分。你不这样认为吗？
考查名词辨析。relationship关系；situation情况；suggestion建议；advantage优点。根据“Trust is always an important part of any healthy…”可知，信任是属于健康关系的组成部分。故选A。
27．Would you mind ________ quiet for a moment? I’m trying ________ a form.
A．keeping; filling out B．to keep; to fill out C．keeping; to fill out D．to keep; filling out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你介意安静一会儿吗？我正在努力填写一张表格。
考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，排除BD；根据“I’m trying...a form”可知是努力填表格，用结构try to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故选C。
28．—Why are you so sad?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my father bought me on my birthday.
A．that B．what C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么难过？——我把父亲在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。句子的主干是“I’ve lost the watch”，而“…my father bought me on my birthday”是一个定语从句来修饰先行词“watch”，本句话先行词是“watch”，先行词在定语从句中作直接宾语，选择关系代词which或 that。故选A。
29．—Grace, your Chinese is much better than you first came here.
—I ________ China for 15 years to learn Chinese.
A．has been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Grace，你的中文比刚来的时候好多了。——为了学习中文，我在中国待了15年。
考查延续性动词。have/has been in待在某地，延续性动词；have been to去过某地；have gone to去了某地。for+一段时间要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B和C选项。根据I可知，助动词用have，故选D。
30．—Sir, could you tell me ________ when the COVID-19 broke out.
—The government advised people not to go outside so I stayed at home and worked online.
A．where was you go B．what did you do
C．which you went D．what you did
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——先生，你能告诉我当新冠疫情爆发时你做了什么吗？——政府建议人们不要外出，所以我待在家里上网工作。
考查宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，所以排除AB选项。根据“I stayed at home and worked online.”可知，是问对方做了什么，故选D。
31．—Gu Ailing has won the Olympics freestyle skiing champion in the winter Olympics games. You can’t believe she is just 18 years old.
—Yeah. ________ excellent girl she is!
A．What an B．What a C．How a D．How an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——谷爱凌在冬奥会上获得了奥运会自由式滑雪冠军。你简直不敢相信她才18岁。——是啊。她真是个优秀的女孩！
考查感叹句。根据“excellent girl she is!”可知，句子的中心词是单数可数名词girl，所以应用What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语，excellent以元音音素开头，应用an。故选A。
Ⅲ. Choose the proper words or phrases to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once（选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分，每题只有一个正确选项）
（A）
A．even B．tradition C．rarely D．well-known E. training
Queen Elizabeth II had a real love for animals. Her favourite pets are corgis（柯基犬）and horses. As a ____32____ , corgis used to be working dogs in Wales but they became famous as The Queen’s pets.The Queen’s love for animals started at a young age when she was gifted a puppy from her father, George VI. For her 18th birthday, Princess Elizabeth was given a corgi named Susan. She is perhaps the most ____33____ of all the corgis The Queen owned. That is because she used to breed（养育）14 generations of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s corgis!
She loved her corgis so much that they ____34____ had their own room at Buckingham Palace and their own cook! Lots of people helped to take care of The Queen’s corgis over the years, including an expert（专家）in animal behavior who came to help with ____35____.
It was reported that she once said, “My corgis are family.”
（B）
A．continued B．events C．especially D．supported E. convenient
Queen Elizabeth II is remembered as a faithful pet parent, ____36____ to her corgis. Besides pet dogs, she had always loved horses too.Once again, the love for the horses started as a child. When she was just four, she was given a Shetland pony（雪特兰马）as a gift from her grandfather, George V.
Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ was a keen horse rider for many years. It ____37____ into her nineties. At 96 years of age, she went on “a gentle ride on her pony at Windsor Castle,” according to People. In addition, she used a horse and carriage for ____38____ like her birthday celebrations.
In her life, she always ____39____ the sport of horse racing. She was named British flat racing’s Champion Owner in 1954 and 1957.
【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了英国女王伊丽莎白二世对动物情有独钟，她最喜欢的动物是柯基犬和马。
【答案解析】
32．句意：作为一项传统，柯基犬曾是威尔士的工作犬，但它们以女王的宠物而闻名。根据“As a...corgis used to be working dogs in Wales”以及所给词可知此处填名词形式，柯基犬是工作犬，这是一个传统，tradition“传统”符合。故选B。
33．句意：她可能是女王拥有的所有柯基犬中最有名的。根据“She is perhaps the most...of all the corgis The Queen owned”以及所给词可知她是最著名的，well-known“著名的”符合。故选D。
34．句意：她非常喜欢她的柯基犬，它们甚至在白金汉宫有自己的房间和自己的厨师！根据“had their own room”以及所给词可知它们甚至有自己的房间，even“甚至”符合。故选A。
35．句意：多年来，许多人帮助照顾女王的柯基犬，包括一位动物行为专家，他来帮助训练。根据“an expert（专家） in animal behavior who came to help with”以及所给词可知动物专家帮助训练，training“训练”符合。故选E。
36．句意：女王伊丽莎白二世被人们铭记为忠实的宠物父母，尤其是她的柯基犬。根据“Queen Elizabeth II is remembered as a faithful pet parent...to her corgis”以及所给词可知她是一个好的宠物父母，尤其是对她的柯基犬，especially“尤其”符合。故选C。
37．句意：这一直持续到她90多岁。根据“into her nineties”以及所给词可知她喜欢马，一直持续到她90多岁，continued“继续”符合。故选A。
38．句意：此外，她还用马和马车来庆祝生日等活动。根据“like her birthday celebrations”以及所给词可知此处指事件，events“事件”符合。故选B。
39．句意：在她的一生中，她一直支持赛马这项运动。根据“the sport of horse racing”以及所给词可知是支持赛马运动，supported“支持”符合。故选D。
Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（本大题共8题，每题1分，共8分）
40．It’s ________ to see such a heavy snow in this warm place. (usual)
【答案】unusual
【详解】句意：在这个温暖的地方看见这样一场大雪，是极不寻常的。根据“It’s”可知后接形容词作表语，又根据“to see such a heavy snow in this warm place”可知在温暖的地方看到大雪，是“不寻常的”，应用形容词usual的反义词unusual。故填unusual。
41．The businessman was sad. He knew the future didn’t seem very ________. (hope)
【答案】hopeful
【详解】句意：商人很伤心。他知道未来似乎不太有希望。根据“seem”可知，此空使用形容词作表语，hopeful“充满希望的”符合语境，故填hopeful。
42．Last Friday, Michael and his little brother did the cooking all by ________. (they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意：上周五，迈克尔和他的弟弟独自做饭。by+反身代词，表示“独自”，they的反身代词为themselves，故填themselves。
43．Jimmy enclosed a few ________ and a map along with his letter. (photo)
【答案】photos
【详解】句意：吉米随信附上几张照片和一张地图。a few修饰可数名词复数，photo的复数为photos，故填photos。
44．I showed my stamp collection to a friend of ________ and told him which was my favourite. (me)
【答案】mine
【详解】句意：我把我收集的邮票给我的一个朋友看，并告诉他哪一个是我最喜欢的。此处是双重所有格的结构，of后接名词性物主代词，故填mine。
45．Enough exercise can help us get out of ________ habits and live better. (healthy)
【答案】unhealthy
【详解】句意：足够的锻炼可以帮助我们摆脱不健康的习惯并且生活得更好。根据“get out of ”可知应是摆脱不健康的习惯。“unhealthy”不健康的，是形容词，在句中用于名词“habits”之前，作定语。故填unhealthy。
46．Some animals will get ________ when spring days come. (excite)
【答案】excited
【详解】句意：当春天来临，一些动物会变得兴奋。系动词“get”后用形容词作表语，根据主语“some animals”可知，句子表达“感到兴奋的”，用形容词形式“excited”。故填excited。
47．Very few people ________ in losing weight and keeping it off. (success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意：极少数人能减肥成功并保持体重。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词；success“成功”，是名词，succeed是动词，短语succeed in doing sth.“做某事成功”，根据语境此句用一般现在时，Very few people是句子的主语，所以用动词原形。故填succeed。
V. Complete the following sentences as required（根据所给要求完成句子。52-57小题每空格限填一词）（本大题共7题，每题2分，共14分）
48．Cartoonists make drawings look funny by changing some face features. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ cartoonists _________ drawings look funny by changing some face features?
【答案】 Do make
【详解】句意：漫画家通过改变一些脸部特征使得画画看起来有趣。根据“Cartoonists make drawings look funny by changing some face features.”可知，时态是一般现在时，谓语动词是“make”，主语是“Cartoonists”，改为一般疑问句借助“do”，句首的首字母要大写。故填Do；make。
49．They built Stadium 974 with 974 shipping containers in Qatar. (改为被动语态)
Stadium 974 _________ _________ with 974 shipping containers in Qatar.
【答案】 was built
【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯用974个集装箱搭建了一个球场。分析原句，是一般过去式，要求改成被动语态，也就是用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语是“stadium”是第三人称单数，用“was”。故填was；built。
50．I can’t remember what time I have to start my speech. (改为简单句)
I can’t remember what time _________ _________ my speech.
【答案】 to start
【详解】句意：我不记得什么时候开始演讲了。本句可用“疑问词+不定式”结构进行替换，what time to start“什么时候开始”，故填to；start。
51．“Can a building change its shape?” Have you ever wondered? (改为宾语从句)
Have you ever wondered ________ a building ________ change its shape?
【答案】 if##whether can
【详解】句意：“建筑物能改变形状吗？”你有没有想过？根据题意和所给空格可知，要将“Can a building change its shape?”变为宾语从句，wonder“想知道”，后面可加if或whether引导的宾语从句，“Can a building change its shape?”是一般疑问句，转变为宾语从句时，引导词要用if或whether，表示“是否”，又因为宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以can要位于change前。故填if/whether；can。
52．The insurance company paid Stella 100,000 dollars for her lost necklace. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ did the insurance company pay Stella for her lost necklace?
【答案】 How much
【详解】句意：保险公司为斯特拉丢失的项链赔偿了10万美元。划线部分表示价格，对此提问用how much，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填How；much。
53．To give more information, we use infinitives after some nouns. (保持原句意思基本不变)
We use infinitives after some nouns _________ _________ we can give more information.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意：为了提供更多的信息，我们在一些名词后使用不定式。原句为动词不定式作目的状语，可换为so that“为了”引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。
54．watching me, seems, play the violin, my mother, to enjoy （连词成句）
___________________________________________________________ .
【答案】My mother seems to enjoy watching me play the violin
【详解】根据标点提示可知，本句是陈述句，分析所给单词，My mother作主语，seems to do似乎，enjoy watching me play the violin喜欢看我拉小提琴。故填My mother seems to enjoy watching me play the violin“我妈妈似乎很喜欢看我拉小提琴”。
Part 3 Reading and Writing
（第三部分 读写）
Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（本大题共25题，共50分）
A. Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（l2分）
The New Year
One pleasant New Year morning, Edward woke up and washed and dressed himself. He was in a hurry as he wanted to be the first to wish people a happy New Year.
He ran into the street repeating them to everyone he met.
When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars. He smiled as he took them. He had wanted for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.
As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family. The father, mother and three children were shivering(颤抖) with cold.
“I wish you a happy New Year,” said Edward, as he happily passed by. The man shook his head and smiled sadly.
He said, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.”
Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his two dollars, and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.
How their eyes shone with happiness! They said, “We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you in our prayers(祈祷).”
When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought.
Edward hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up.
“I have bought no books,” he said. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry and in trouble. I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.”
His father was pleased. He said, “My dear boy, here is a whole bundle of books. I give them to you, more as a reward(回报) for your goodness of heart than as a New Year gift. Always be ready to help the poor, and those in trouble. That way every year of your life will be a happy New Year to you.”
55．One New Year morning Edward got up early and was in a hurry in order to ________.
A．get a nice present B．say “Happy New Year” to others
C．dress himself well D．be the first to get presents from his father
56．Edward planned to buy ________ when he got the two new silver dollars from his father.
A．some books B．some new clothes
C．some delicious food D．some New Year cards
57．The poor family on the street were ________ when Edward said greetings to them.
A．cold and happy B．hungry and excited
C．thinking about the New Year D．both cold and hungry
58．Which of the following sentences shows that the poor family felt very thankful to Edward?
A．The man shook his head and smiled sadly. B．These little ones had nothing to eat for a long time.
C．How their eyes shone with happiness! D．We will remember you in our prayers.
59．The underlined words “…but quickly looked up” probably tells us that Edward ________.
A．felt sorry B．was awful C．became proud D．turned powerful
60．Edward’s father was pleased with what his son had done and gave him ________ as a reward.
A．another two dollars B．a whole bundle of books
C．goodness of heart D．some suggestions on study
【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了Edward把新年收到的压岁钱给了需要的人们，爸爸对他的行为很赞赏，并送了他一整捆书，希望他随时准备帮助穷人和有困难的人。
【答案解析】
55．细节理解题。根据“He was in a hurry as he wanted to be the first to wish people a happy New Year”可知，因为他想成为第一个祝人们新年快乐的人，故选B。
56．细节理解题。根据“He had wanted for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore”可知，他想用这个钱去买一些书，故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据“The father, mother and three children were shivering(颤抖) with cold”及“These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time”可知，这个贫穷的家庭当时又冷又饿，故选D。
58．推理判断题。根据“We thank you a thousand times, and will remember you in our prayers”可知，“We will remember you in our prayers我们将为你们祈祷”可以看出这一家人的感谢之情，故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据“When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought.”及“Edward hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up”可知，当爸爸询问他买了什么书时，他起初低下头，最后又抬起头，是因为想起了自己的善举而感到骄傲，故选C。
60．细节理解题。根据“My dear boy, here is a whole bundle of books. I give them to you, more as a reward(回报) for your goodness of heart than as a New Year gift.”可知，送了他一整捆书，故选B。
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）
I am as proud of my Chinese heritage (传统) and background as I am devoted to modern science, a part of human civilization of Western origin. ---- Yang Zhenning
For the past 20 years, the Touching China annual people ____61____ has honored people from all walks of life across the country. They are people who warm our hearts with their actions. This year, 10 inspirational role models were on the list.
Let’s get to know one of them, Yang Zhenning, who is a 99-year-old famous physicist. He was chosen for making great contributions (贡献) to physics.
No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind.
In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and another Chinese student, Tsung-dao Lee (李政道), ____62___ a physics theory together. Months later, the two won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. Their achievement ___63____ that Chinese scientists could be on the global world.
____64____, the “frozen” Sino-US relations (中美关系) prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from returning to China.
Then, in 1971, Yang finally got the ___65____ to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. In 2003, Yang returned to China and also taught in Tsinghua.
Under his ___66____, many overseas Chinese students returned to China to make contributions, such as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi and physics Wu Xiaogang.
61．A．reward B．award C．toward D．forward
62．A．came across B．came over C．came true D．came up with
63．A．proved B．produced C．provided D．processed
64．A．Therefore B．In addition C．However D．Instead
65．A．chance B．time C．reply D．money
66．A．control B．name C．influence D．leadership
【短文大意】
本文主要讲杨振宁的爱国精神及对祖国的贡献。
【答案解析】
61．句意：在过去的20年，感动中国年度人物奖项被颁给了全国各行各业的人们。
reward报酬；award奖项；toward朝向；forward向前。根据“Touching China annual people”可知是奖项。故选B。
62．句意：在1957年，杨在美国学习，他和另外一个中国学生李政道一起提出了一个物理理论。
come across偶遇；come over过来；come true实现；come up with提出。根据“a physics theory together.”可知是提出理论。故选D。
63．句意：他们的成就证明中国科学家可以跻身全球世界。
prove证明；produced生产；provided提供；processed加工。根据“that Chinese scientists could be on the global world.”可知是证明了中国科学家的实力。故选A。
64．句意：然而，中美关系的僵化阻止了在美国拿到的博士学位的中国科学家返回到中国。
Therefore因此；In addition此外；However然而；Instead相反。根据“prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from returning to China.”可知这件事情和上文提到杨的爱国精神是转折关系，故选C。
65．句意：然后在1971年，杨最终获得了机会返回到中国看一看。
chance机会；time时间；reply返回；money金钱。根据“to return to China for a visit.”可知是有机会回来看一看。故选A。
66．句意：在他的带领下，许多的海外中国学生返回到中国做贡献。
control控制；name名字；influence影响；leadership带领。根据“many overseas Chinese students returned to China to make contributions”可知杨率先回国，在他的带领下，其他科学家也相继回国。故选D。
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）
Orbiting classroom
Do you still remember the lecture from China’s Tiangong space station last year? On March 23, astronaut Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping ang Ye Guangfu gave another one! It was livestream（直播）worldwide. What fun experiments did they do this time?
Hot “ice”
Last time, the astronauts made a water ball in space. This time, they turned a water ball into an “ice” ball! Well, it’s not a____67____ ice. It’s supersaturated sodium acetate solution（过饱和乙酸钠溶液）.
The supersaturated solution is very unstable（不稳定的）. The astronauts dropped a small crystal（晶体）of sodium acetate into the ball-shaped solution. Suddenly, more sodium acetate crystals grew, making a white ball of “ice”. This “ice” is anything but cold, however. The p____68____ actually gives off heat.
A bridge of water
How do you build a “bridge” with water? It’s h____69____ to do it on Earth. But in the space station, with little gravity, it’s quite easy!
In the lecture, Wang Yaping first made two water balls on two plates, then let them touch each other. Next, Wang p____70____ the two plates apart, and the water between them didn’t break. It became a “bridge”! This is because the surface tension（表面张力）of water is not disturbed by gravity in space. The surface tension keeps the “skin” of the water strong so that the bridge doesn’t break.
Separate water and oil
If we m____71____ oil and water in a bottle on Earth, they will quickly separate because they have different densities（密度）. Gravity brings the water down while the oil stays on top. H____72____, if you do this in the space station, with no gravity, the oil and water will blend together.
How can we separate them, then? In the lecture, Ye Guangfu rotated（旋转）the bottle to c____73____ centrifugal force（离心力）. With this man-made gravity, the heavier water is pushed to the furthest point, which brings the lightest oil closer to the center.
【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了三位宇航员在天宫课堂展示的教学内容。
【答案解析】
67．句意：其实它不是冰。根据“It’s supersaturated sodium acetate solution”可知，其实它不是冰。根据单词首字母a可知，actually“实际上，事实上”符合题意。故填(a)ctually。
68．句意：这部分实际上会散发热量。根据“making a white ball of ‘ice’.”以及结合单词首字母p可知，此处表示“这块‘冰’”，piece“块，片”符合题意。故填(p)iece。
69．句意：在地球上很难做到。根据“But in the space station, with little gravity, it’s quite easy!”可知，此处表示转折，因此前文指“很难”，hard“困难的”符合题意。故填(h)ard。
70．句意：接着，王把两个盘子分开，它们之间的水没有破裂。根据“Next, Wang p… the two plates apart,”可知，此处表示“把两个盘子分开”，put“放，安置”符合题意。故填(p)ut。
71．句意：如果我们在地球上把油和水混合在一个瓶子里，它们会很快分离，因为它们的密度不同。根据“they will quickly separate”以及结合单词首字母m可知，此处表示“把油和水混合”，mix“混合”符合题意。故填(m)ix。
72．句意：然而，如果你在空间站里这样做，没有重力，油和水会混合在一起。根据“if you do this in the space station, with no gravity, the oil and water will blend together.”可知，此处表示转折。结合单词首字母H可知，however“然而”符合题意。故填(H)owever。
73．句意：在讲座中，叶光富旋转瓶子产生离心力。根据“Ye Guangfu rotated（旋转）the bottle to c… centrifugal force”可知，叶光富通过旋转瓶子是为了产生离心力。create“创造”符合题意。故填(c)reate。
D. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答问题）（12分）
Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Wearing long robes (长袍) and tall hats, a group of foreigners went on stage and performed Peking Opera and ballads (民谣), as well as spoke Chinese.
You can see scenes like this at the 12th “Chinese bridge”—Chinese Proficiency (能力) Competition for Foreign Secondary School Students. Known as the “Olympics” of Chinese language, the competition took place in Zhengzhou, Henan on Nov 2.
More than 120 students, representing 105 countries, gave Chinese speeches and showed off their talent in areas such as kung fu, tai chi and calligraphy (书法).
Mackova Victoria, a 15-year-old girl from Slovakia, performed Wuqinxi at the competition. She imitated the movements of a tiger, deer, hear, ape and bird on stage. She gained an interest in traditional martial arts (武术) after she found that it could help her relax her muscles (肌肉) and stay fit. “The 2,000-year-old exercise is cool, but few people have heard of it,” Victoria told Xinhua. “I want more foreign people to appreciate it, as well as appreciate Chinese culture.”
Raissa, 17, from the Union of the Comoros, sang the Chinese song Wish You Safe and Well (祝你平安) during the second-round competition. “It is also my sincere wish for the people of China and the Comoros,” said Raissa. After doctors on the Chinese medical team in Africa cured her grandmother three years ago, Raissa developed a strong emotional connection with China. “My dream is to study medicine in China so that I could cure patients like the Chinese doctors who treated my grandmother,” said Raissa.
At the end of the final contest, Germole Iacopo from Italy, who has studied Chinese for four years, won as the champion (冠军). For him, the competition gave him a chance to communicate with young people all around the world. “We should learn to appreciate each other’s differences,” Germole said.
The competition is a “bridge” that shows “________.”, according to Liu Limin, board member of the Confucius Institute (孔子学院). “By studying a language, you actually start to connect with that culture,” Liu added.
74．More than 120 students from 105 countries took part in the competition, didn’t they?
___________________, __________________________
75．Why was Mackova Victoria interested in traditional martial arts?
__________________________________________________________
76．What was Raissa’s dream?
__________________________________________________________
77．How long has Germole Iacopo learned Chinese?
__________________________________________________________
78．What can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph?
__________________________________________________________
79．The competition is very meaningful to foreign students, please give your reasons. (List at least two points.)
__________________________________________________________
【短文大意】
本文介绍了在河南郑州举办的第十二届汉语桥比赛的相关情况。
【答案解析】
74．根据“More than 120 students, representing 105 countries, gave Chinese speeches ”可知，来自105个国家的120多名学生发表了中文演讲。故填Yes, they did.
75．根据“She gained an interest in traditional martial arts (武术) after she found that it could help her relax her muscles (肌肉) and stay fit.”可知，在发现传统武术可以帮助她放松肌肉和保持健康后，她对传统武术产生了兴趣。故填Because she found that it could help her relax her muscles and stay fit.
76．根据“My dream is to study medicine in China”可知，Raissa的梦想是在中国学医，故填Her dream is to study medicine in China.
77．根据“Germole Iacopo from Italy, who has studied Chinese for four years”可知，来自意大利的Germole Iacopo已经学习了四年中文，故填For four years.
78．根据“By studying a language, you actually start to connect with that culture”和前文内容可知，比赛是一座“桥梁”，展示了“我们如何从世界的一端连接到另一端”。故填how we connect from one side of the world to another。
79．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理皆可。参考答案：The competition can help foreign students better understand the Chinese language and culture. The competition helps spread the Chinese language and culture.
Ⅶ. Writing（作文）（本大题共1题，共20分）
80．请以If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear为题写一篇关于保护水资源的短文。环境污染是当今世界上最大的问题，根据下面的提示，请用自己的话说一说应该怎么样保护我们的水资源。
内容要点：1. 生命离不开水资源。
2. 我们的饮用水在减少。
3. 水资源环境污染很严重。
4. 应该保护和再利用水。
要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯。
2. 要点包含有关信息，并且适当发挥。
3. 词数80左右。
If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear
As we all know, water is very important to us. We can’t live without water. But some people don’t care about this. They often waste a lot of water. They pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. They throw rubbish into them, too. Now more and more rivers and lakes are seriously polluted. We should do something to stop the pollution. We must protect the water and find ways to reuse it. If we don’t, the last drop of water will be our tear.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：本文根据题干中的提示内容介绍应该怎么样保护我们的水资源，可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题，表示水的重要性；
第二步，介绍现在水资源污染问题；
第三步，介绍应该如何和再利用水。
[亮点词汇]
①as we all know众所周知
②care about关心
③pour...into把……倒进……
[高分句型]
①As we all know, water is very important to us. We can’t live without water.(as引导的定语从句)
②If we don’t, the last drop of water will be our tear.(if引导的条件状语从句)
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