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河南省南阳市淅川县2020-2022年三年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
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这是一份河南省南阳市淅川县2020-2022年三年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读单选，阅读还原5选5等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河南省南阳市淅川县
2019-2021年三年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编
阅读理解
2022年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
一、阅读单选
Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking NoodlesWelcome to Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking Noodles. We make our noodles in very traditional ways to keep the natural taste. The best materials (材料) are chosen for our food to keep your safety. The noodles in our restaurant are made by hand, which makes them very different from others’.
Noodles
Beef and onion ¥20
Mutton and cabbage ¥20
Beef and potato ¥15
Egg and tomato ¥12
Vegetable only ¥8
Dishes
Meat and vegetable salad ¥25
Vegetable salad ¥15
Drinks
Soda water ¥4
Coca-Cola ¥3
Sprite ¥3
Honey Green Tea ¥5
In addition: For every two bowls of beef and onion noodles or mutton and cabbage noodles, one can get two drinks for free. You can choose any of our drinks freely.
Business hour: 10:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Open all year round, except the seven-day holiday during the Spring Festival.
Order line: 0371-5588008 (You need to pay ¥2 for packing (包装), and your address should be within 5 km.)
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What makes Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking Noodles different?A．The way its noodles are made. B．The different kinds of noodles it has.
C．The best materials it uses. D．The name that comes from its owner Ms. Qin.
2．If you are a beef lover, how many kinds of noodles can you choose?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What will you order if you want to get free drinks?
A．A bowl of egg and tomato noodles. B．Two bowls of egg and tomato noodles.
C．Two bowls of beef and onion noodles. D．Two bowls of vegetable only noodles.
4．How much will you pay for two bowls of mutton and cabbage noodles, a bowl of beef and potato noodles, one Coca-Cola and one Honey Green Tea?
A．¥40. B．¥55. C．¥60. D．¥65.
5．Where can we find this text?
A．In a library. B．In a cinema. C．In a restaurant. D．In a clothes store.
Once, there was a young man who expected to be successful badly. One day, he visited Socrates, the great and successful Greek philosopher (哲学家), and asked the man about the secret to success. He hoped that this man, who he respected (尊敬) a lot, could show him something useful and helpful. After knowing the young man’s purpose, Socrates decided to do something to calm (使平静) him down first. Looking at the worried young man in silence for a while, Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river outside the city the next morning. Dare not ask Socrates why, the puzzled young man left.
The next day, the young man came early and waited. When the great man arrived, he asked the young man to walk with him toward the river together. They walked side by side in the river. Though the young man was still puzzled (困惑的), he followed. When the water got up to their necks, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water all of a sudden. The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue.
After pulling his head out of the water, the first thing the young man did was to take a deep breath of the air. Waiting for a while, when seeing the young man calm down, Socrates asked slowly, “Now please tell me. What did you want most when you were in the water?” The man replied, “Air.” Hearing the young man’s answer, Socrates said, “Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it!”
Sometimes we are always so eager (渴望的) to be successful that we can’t make ourselves understand what we really need. So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．What does the underlined word “ducked” mean in Chinese according to the text?
A．使游走 B．把……按进水里 C．挣扎 D．包装
7．What did they do in the water?
A．Socrates stood in the water with the young man side by side for long.
B．Socrates put the young man’s head into the water for long.
C．Socrates walked with the young man in the water for long.
D．Socrates swam and talked with the young man for long.
8．How did Socrates make the young man get his idea?
A．By telling the way to success. B．By giving the young man some useful suggestions.
C．By giving a special lesson to the young man. D．By giving the young man lots of money and things.
9．Which word can best describe Socrates according to the text?
A．Wise. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Kind.
10．According to the story, how can we achieve success?
A．By trying to make as much money as we could.
B．By talking with a great man and getting his secret to success.
C．By letting Socrates put the head into the water.
D．By finding out what we want and do our best.
In most of the Western countries, it is widely known that pink or purple is for girls while blue or brown is for boys. Why? The answer largely depends on cultural values as well as personal experiences. And people’s choices of colors are also influenced by their bodies’ reactions (反应) to them.
For example, green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color. Scientists believe it has the ability to lessen (减少) people’s pain and is able to relax people when they are tired. And people working in green environment have been found to have fewer stomachaches. Most Egyptians consider green as a color that stands for hope and joy of spring. So, don’t be surprised when you see too much green in Egypt.
Red has also been noted for thousands of years. It is a symbol of good luck or energy in many cultures for long. In China, during the Spring Festival, children are given money in a red envelope (信封) to bring luck in the coming year. Red can also cause a person’s appetite (胃口). Have you ever noticed that there are many different red things in the restaurant? For the same reason, many shopping websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color which easily catches a person’s eye and causes the interest in buying.
Blue, for many nations, means protection and belief. Greeks wear blue necklaces, hoping to protect them from bad things. And, opposite to red, blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue is believed to cause people to lose appetite. So when you mean to eat less, maybe it helps to eat on blue plates.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11．According to Paragraph 1, people don’t choose colors by ________.
A．cultural values B．traditional ideas C．personal experiences D．bodies’ reactions
12．What are the influences of green on people?
①It makes people calm.
②It makes people feel less pain and relaxes them.
③It makes people have no illness.
④It makes people hopeful and joyful.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
13．Who considers red as a symbol of good luck?
A．Japanese. B．Egyptians. C．Greeks. D．Chinese.
14．According to the text, which colors can make people feel calm?
A．Red and purple. B．Green and brown. C．Blue and purple. D．Blue and green.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Colors influence cultural values B．Colors influence cultural changes
C．Colors influence people’s appetite D．Colors influence people’s choices
二、阅读还原5选5
Scientists in Israel have taught goldfish an unusual way to reach a target (目标) — by driving a small robotic car on dry land. The experiment was designed to test whether goldfish could find their ways in conditions very different from their natural living conditions. The experiment was led by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel. ____16____
To test the goldfish, the researchers created a special robotic car that could drive forward, backward, and from side to side. ____17____ A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV. Using a special system, the car tracked (追踪) where the goldfish was and what direction it was swimming. ____18____
The scientists worked with six different goldfish. ____19____ The fish were rewarded with a food ball when the car touched the target.
____20____ A design studio (工作室) in the Netherlands created a similar car, which was guided by the movements (运动) of a goldfish swimming in a tank on the car. But that project wasn’t an experiment, and it wasn’t meant to test the fish.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A．The FOV would then move in the same direction.
B．They learned that goldfish could find their ways, even on dry land.
C．The scientists called the car the “Fish Operated Vehicle (车)” (FOV).
D．Though it may seem unusual, this isn’t the first time a fish has driven a car.
E．They tested them by placing the car in a small room with a pink target on one side.
2021年河南省南阳市淅川县九年级第一次模拟测试英语试题
得 分
评卷人
二、阅读理解（20小题，每小题2分，共40分）请将正确答案标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求完成各题。
A
Kids' Summer Jobs
Camp Counselor
We are looking for people to join us as a camp counselor at Cuya Outdoor School.We connect children to science through nature.Our camp counselors are energetic and supportive，and more importantly，caring team members.This is an eighthour everyday job in the tendaylong program during the summer.
Hours：9：00 a．m.—5：00 p．m.
Pay：$10 per hour
LEGO Engineering Instructor
Do you enjoy taking things apart and then putting them back together？If so，then this may be your dream job！We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.
Hours：2：00 p．m.—5：00 p．m.
Pay：$15 per hour
Teacher's Aide
We are looking for parttime teacher's aides for our Inspire Kids Preschool in Newburgh.Teacher's aides need to prepare materials，help children finish activities and create a safe environment.
Hours: 8：00 a．m.—11：00 a．m.
Pay：$100 per week
Summer Care Giver
I'm looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I'm working from 11：00 a．m.to 3：00 p．m.I have a 7yearold daughter and a 5yearold son.I am also asking you to prepare snacks and clean up the rooms.
Pay：$150 per week
Word Bank
counselor指导老师
aide助手
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21. How much can a camp counselor make in total?
A. $10. B. $100. C. $150. D. $800.
22. To be a LEGO engineering instructor，one has to be _______ .
A. caring B. creative C. energetic D. patient
23. What does a teacher's aide need to do?
A. Help children do activities. B. Teach children science.
C. Play LEGO with children. D. Prepare snacks for children.
24. What summer job can Jerry apply for if he is free from 10：00 a．m.to 4：00 p．m.?
A. Teacher's aide. B. Summer care giver.
C. Camp counselor. D. LEGO engineering instructor.
25. Where can you probably find this text?
A. On a website. B. In a dictionary.
C. In a guide book. D. In a picture book.
B
Once upon a time a little leaf was heard to cry, as leaves often did when a gentle wind passed by. The twig asked，“What's the matter，little leaf? ”The leaf said，“The wind just told me that one day it will pull me off !” When the tree heard this,it swung all over and promised the leaf, “You will not go till you want to.”
The sunny days of the autumn came. The little leaf saw all the leaves around becoming very beautiful. Some were yellow, some were red, and some were in both colors. The little leaf asked the tree what it meant. The tree said, “All these leaves ▲ fly away, and they have put on these beautiful colors because of joy.”
Word Bank
twig 小枝
branches树枝
The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it. When it was very bright in color, it saw the branches of the tree had no color in them. The leaf asked,“Branches, why are you brown?” “We must keep our working clothes on. Your clothes are for holiday,because your tasks are over,”said a branch.
Just then a little puff of wind came, took the leaf up and turned it
over and over. The little leaf was like the fire in the air, and fell down
silently among hundreds of other leaves. It began to dream —a dream so
beautiful that perhaps it would last forever.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
26. The tree wanted to the little leaf at first.
A. protect B. give up C. control D. go with
27. Which of the following can be put in ▲ ?
A. are refused to B. are forced to C. are ready to D. are afraid to
28. Why didn't the branches change colors?
A. Because the air was too dry. B. Because they had to keep working.
C. Because they were too lazy. D. Because they hardly got sunshine.
29. The little leaf fell down with .
A. sadness B. regret C. surprise D. satisfaction
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Always prepare for the future. B. Live in and enjoy the moment.
C. Each season has its own beauty. D. We should make our own decisions.
C
Upcycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful. It is different from recycling. When you recycle something，old materials need to be broken down so that their base materials can be remade into a new product，often of inferior quality. When you upcycle an object，you aren't breaking down the material. You're simply making it into something else. Also,the upcycled object is typically of the same, or even better quality.
The idea of upcycling isn't new. Some of the best examples of modern-day upcycling come from the 1930s to 1940s when people didn't have many material resources. In those days, people found new purposes for old things over and over until they were no longer useful. For example, old coats would be turned into shoes and an old door would be made into a new table.
Nowadays, economising is still a big reason why some people upcycle. An even bigger reason for the rebirth of upcycling is that it's environmentally-friendly. Things shouldn't just be thrown away when they can be turned into something useful. Upcycling is also more environmentally-friendly than recycling which requires energy or water to break down materials. Upcycling just requires your own creativity and effort.
Upcycling can provide you with something that's both creative and practical. Why don't you support the idea by checking your house or recycling bin and creating objects yourself? Take action right now!
31. Compared with recycling, the main difference with upcycling is that .
Word Bank
inferior 次等的
creativity创造力
subtitle 小标题
A. it's environmentally-friendly
B. upcycled objects are more useful
C. upcycled objects are of inferior quality
D. old materials don't need to be broken down
32. Why did people upcycle in the old days?
A. To make life interesting. B. To save materials and money.
C. To show their creativity. D. To protect the environment.
33. The underlined word“economising”means “ ”in Chinese.
A. 节约 B.创新 C. 增产 D.发展
34. Match the first three paragraphs with the three subtitles:
a. Reasons for upcycling
b. Upcycling in the old times
c. Differences between upcycling and recycling
A. Pl—c； P2—a； P3—b B. P1—c； P2—b； P3—a
C. P1—b； P2—a； P3—c D P1—a； P2—b； P3—c
35. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To advise people to recycle. B. To warn people not to waste.
C. To encourage people to upcycle. D. To show people the history of upcycling.
D
If a friend gives us a hand when we are in need,it's a good idea to write him a thank-you note. 36
“People don't seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often,”Amit Kumar from University of Texas said. 37 And how do people feel when they receive one?
Kumar and his team asked some students to write a thank-you note to another person by email. Then, they asked both the writers and the receivers how sending or receiving these notes made them feel.
They found that the students didn't like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them. 38
The receivers, however, enjoyed the notes.“When you are a receiver, you focus on the warmth of the note,”Kumar said.“How heartfelt it was! How friendly and warm!”
The writers also thought the receivers might be shy for receiving a thank-you note. 39 “The receivers feel quite happy,”Kumar said.“They don't really feel shy at all.”
Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others. 40 Simple and small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference to the way we treat other people and how we feel.
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. If people knew this, they would do it more often.
B. However, how many of us actually sit down to do this?
C. Why are people shy about sending thank-you notes?
D. They worried about what to say and how to say it.
E. But this was not true.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
2020年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
二、阅读理解
阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇语言材料，并按题后要求完成各题。
A
Earth Day Photo Contest
Subject: Why is Earth Day important to our planet?
Time: The contest begins on January 9, 2019.
The contest closes on March 20, 2020.
For whom: The contest is open to students aged 8 to 13.
Prize: The winning photographer will receive a digital camera, and the photo will be published on Earth Day issue of TFK on April 14, 2020. 9. 23.
▲ Contest judges will look for creativity, photo captions and relevance to Earth Day theme.
▲ Students must write their first name only; their e-mail address; a parent’s, teacher’s or guardian’s e-mail address (very important); a caption; the place in the photo; the date when it was taken (must be between June 1, 2018, and March 20, 2020).
▲ To enter, students should visit timeforkids. com/2018earthdaycontest and follow instructions to hand in an original digital photo.
Word Bank
guardian 监护人
caption 说明文字
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
21. Who can take part in the contest?
A. Kate, 7 B. Mike; 12 C. Linda; 14 D. Alice; 16
22. What must be handed in to go with your photo?
A. Your family name. B. The place you live in.
C. Your teacher’s e-mail address. D. The date when you took the photo.
23. When must you hand in your photos?
A. On June 1 2018. B. Before October 1, 2019.
C. On January 9, 2019. D. Before March 20, 2020.
24. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The winners’ photos will be on show. B. The theme of the contest is Earth Day.
C. The winner will get a copy of the photos. D. Your photos should be sent to their office.
25. What is the text?
A. A report B. A notice C. An agreement D. A piece of news
B
What is the most amazing thing in summer? A seaside vacation? Some good family time? Or a song that changes your whole life? These all happened to Ronnie, the main character of the book The Last Song. It was written by United States author Nicholas Sparks.
Since Ronnie’s parents divorced when she was 14, she had been staying with her mom in New York. Her father, who used to be her piano teacher, lived alone in North Carolina. She was so mad at her dad that she had not talked with him or played the piano ever since the divorce. However, the summer before she turned 18, her mom sent her to North Carolina. At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it. But things changed when her dad found some turtle eggs. Raccoons were trying to break them. She learned more about the turtles at the local aquarium and set up a cage to protect the eggs.
The turtle nest broke down the tough wall between Ronnie and her father. However, it was on the day the eggs hatched that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer. That was why her mom asked her to visit him. Ronnie was very upset. She started playing the piano again and wrote a song for him before he died.
Ronnie deeply impressed me. Though she looks rebellious in the book, she is tender. She even slept outside the whole night just to protect the turtle eggs from the raccoons. She loves her father.
It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about relationships with our parents and how to express love to our parents.
Word Bank
divorced 离婚 raccoons 浣熊 tough 坚固的 frustrated 失意的 turtle 海龟
aquarium 水族馆 hatched 孵化 cancer 癌症 rebellious 叛逆的 tender 温柔的
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
26. Which of the following is true about Ronnie’s story?
A. Ronnie’s parents always lived together.
B. Ronnie stayed with her father after the divorce.
C. Ronnie’s dad used to teach her to play the piano.
D. Ronnie’s kept a good relationship with her dad even after the divorce.
27. How did Ronnie feel at first when she was sent to North Carolina?
A. Unhappy B. Excited C. Surprised D. Pleased
28. What happened during Ronnie’s stay with her dad?
A. Ronnie and her dad’s relationship got worse.
B. Ronnie found that he got cancer.
C. Ronnie refused to play the piano again.
D. Ronnie kept a good relationship with her dad even after the divorce.
29. What does the writer think of Ronnie?
A. She is caring. B. She is lucky. C. She is talented. D. She is careful.
30. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The love for a turtle. B. How a turtle protects its egg.
C. The most amazing thing in summer. D. How Ronnie improved relationships with her father.
C
Dogs sleep cats sleep and you sleep. All mammals and birds sleep. Elephants sleep only 2 to 4 hours a day. Bats sleep 18 hours a day. Children need more sleep than grownups. A newborn baby sleeps 17 to 18 hours. A 10-year-old needs about 10 hours of sleep a night. Grownups need between 6 and 9 hours of sleep a night.
Though scientists do not know for sure why you sleep, they do have some ideas. Safety could be one reason for sleep. People and other animals might sleep because it keeps them safe at night. Sleep might also help you work better. Things go wrong if you do not get enough sleep. It is hard to think and work and play unless you get plenty of sleep. Besides, sleep is necessary for good health.
Scientists have learned a lot about what happens when you lie down, close your eyes, and fall asleep. Sometimes your eyeballs move back and forth while you’re asleep. They move fast. This kind of sleep is called REM, which means rapid eye movement. Your brain is also very busy during REM sleep. It is almost as busy as when you are awake. What do you think your brain is doing? Here is a clue: You dream during REM sleep.
If you have trouble falling asleep, some people suggest breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help you make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep put you to sleep!
Word Bank
mammals 哺乳动物
grownup 成年人
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
31. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that _________.
A. small animals sleep less than babies. B. grownups sleep less than big animals.
C. big animals sleep less than small ones. D. human beings sleep less than big animals.
32. How many reasons for sleep are given by scientists?
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One
33. Not getting enough sleep might cause you to _________.
A. work better B. dream often C. have bad health D. take a deep breath
34. When you enter the REM sleep _________.
A. you have a dream B. you often wake up
C. your brain has a rest D. your eyeballs move slowly
35. The underlined word “drowsy” means _________.
A. sick B. wake C. sleep D. excited
D
“Bread” is a kind of common food in our life._____36_____ But most people like to put butter. Bread and butter is a classic combination. “Bread and butter” also means something wonderful—a way to make money!
Some word experts say the expression “bread and butter” began in Europe and England during the Middle Ages._____37_____So, bread and butter was important food. And that is what the expression “bread and butter” meant for many years._____38_____ People began using it to mean the way they earned a living.
_____39_____ But you do not make enough money by doing those things. So you get a job as a website designer. If someone asks what you do, you could say, “Well, I’m a musician. But designing websites is my bread-and-butter. ” In other words, designing websites pays your bills. Making music does not. We can say you depend on web design for your “bread and butter”.
If you really like your job and it pays well, you probably want to keep it. And if you work for someone else, you probably want to keep them happy.____40____“To know which side you bread is buttered on” means you know who is the person that helps you pay for your everyday things.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
A. Then around the 1600s, the meaning changed.
B. Some people like to spread chocolate on its top.
C. If you really like to write and perform songs, you can do it.
D. In other words, you should know which side your bread is buttered on.
E. At that time, many farmers could only afford bread and butter as their meal.
答案：
2022年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇广告。广告的内容是关于一个面条店的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“The noodles in our restaurant are made by hand, which makes them very different from others’.”可知本店的面条手工制作，这使这儿的面条与众不同，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Beef and onion”、“Mutton and cabbage”、“Beef and potato”、“Egg and tomato”及“Vegetable only”可知在本店可以享受五种面条，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“For every two bowls of beef and onion noodles or mutton and cabbage noodles, one can get two drinks for free.”可知点两碗牛肉洋葱面或羊肉卷心菜面可以免费得到饮料，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Mutton and cabbage ¥20”可知两碗羊肉卷心菜面40元，由上题可知两碗羊肉卷心菜面赠送两个饮料，而由“Beef and potato ¥15”可知一碗牛肉西红柿面15元，所以判断应共支付55元，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可推断这个文章应该出现在饭馆，故选C。
6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Socrates通过让年轻人亲自体会的方法来告诉一个人怎样才能成功的故事。
6．词义猜测题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”并结合备选项可猜测Socrates把年轻人的头按进水里，直到他的脸开始发青，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”可知在水里时，Socrates把年轻人的头按到水里很长时间。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据“Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it”并结合上题可知Socrates通过给年轻人上了特别的一课来解答年轻人的困惑，故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章中Socrates帮助年轻人解惑的方法可判断Socrates是一个睿智的人，故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.”可知要想成功必须了解自己的真正需要并尽最大的努力，故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了人们对颜色有不同的选择，这主要取决于不同颜色的文化价值，个人经历以及人们身体对不同颜色的反应。
11．细节理解题。根据“The answer largely depends on cultural values as well as personal experiences. And people’s choices of colors are also influenced by their bodies’ reactions to them.”可知对颜色的选择取决于文化价值观和个人经历以及他们的身体对颜色的反应，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color.”“Scientists believe it has the ability to lessen people’s pain and is able to relax people”和“Most Egyptians consider green as a color that stands for hope and joy of spring”可知绿色是最宁静的颜色，可以减少疼痛，使人放松，代表春天的希望和喜悦，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据“ In China, during the Spring Festival, children are given money in a red envelope to bring luck in the coming year.”可知在中国，春节期间，老人给孩子们红包为他们带来明年的好运，所以判断红色被中国人看作好运的象征，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“blue is another calming color”和“green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color”可知蓝色和绿色是可以让人平静的颜色，故选D。
15．最佳标题题。根据文章可知文中主要介绍了不同颜色的文化意义和对人们的影响，从而影响人们的选择，故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．E 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了以色列科学家教会金鱼通过在陆地上驾驶小型机器车到达目标的实验。
16．根据“Scientists in Israel have taught goldfish an unusual way to reach a target — by driving a small robotic car on dry land. ...The experiment was led by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel.”可知此处应是阐述实验的结果，选项B“他们了解到金鱼能找到它们的路，甚至在陆地上”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据“A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV.”可知此处应是提到FOV，选项C“科学家把这个车称作‘鱼操作车’(FOV)”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据“Using a special system, the car tracked where the goldfish was and what direction it was swimming”可知此处应是说小车追踪之后的行动，选项A“FOV然后将以同样的方向移动”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据“The scientists worked with six different goldfish”可知此处应是说接下来的做法，选项E“他们通过在一个一边上带着粉色目标的小房间里放一个车来测试它们”符合语境，故选E。
20．根据“A design studio in the Netherlands created a similar car, which was guided by the movements of a goldfish swimming in a tank on the car.”可知此处应是过渡到另一个事件的句子，选项D“尽管它看起来似乎可能是不同寻常的，但是这不是鱼第一次驾车了”符合语境，故选D。
2021年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章是孩子们的暑假工作招聘广告：辅导员，乐高工程教员，教师助手和暑假关爱者。
1．推理判断题。根据“This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.”和“ Pay: $10 per hour”可知，夏令营辅导员，每小时10美元，每天工作8小时，一共10天，因此可以挣10×8×10=800美元。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.”可知，要想成为一个乐高工程教员，需要聪明和有创造力，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“teacher’s aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.”可知，老师的助手需要准备材料，帮助孩子完成活动，创造一个安全的环境。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Summer Care Giver, I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I’m working from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p.m.”可知，如果Jerry上午10点到下午4点有空，她可以申请夏季关爱者。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Kids’ Summer Jobs”可知，此处是工作招聘的广告，因此会在网站上看到，故选A。
6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B
【解析】本文主要是发生在一片叶子身上的故事，它和小枝，大枝的对话，到秋天变色被风吹落。
6．细节理解题，根据“it swung all over and promised the leaf, “You will not go till you want to.””可知，大树对小树叶保证，除非它自己想走，否则它不会离开，这是对它的一种保护，故选A。
7．句意猜测题。根据“All these leaves… fly away, and they have put on these beautiful colors because of joy”及“The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it”可知，这些树叶准备要离开了，所以身上有美丽的颜色，小树叶听到这个之后也想变得美丽，所以它也想走了，结合选项，此空应填are ready to表示“准备做 ……”，故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Branches, why are you brown”及“We must keep our working clothes on”可知，因为它们要一直工作，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it”及“The little leaf was like the fire in the air, and fell down silently among hundreds of other leaves”可知，小树叶想变得漂亮所以决定随着风飘落下来，它并没有悲伤，后悔或是惊讶，而是很满意地成为了数百片叶子中的一员，故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“It began to dream —a dream so beautiful that perhaps it would last forever”可知，小树叶落下来之后开始了一个美丽的梦，这个美梦也许会继续持续下去，从小树叶的经历告诉我们，生命短暂，我们要享受当下，才能不悔离去，故选B。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了升级回收，同时还介绍了两种升级回收的方法。升级回收是将旧材料转变成有用且通常很漂亮的东西的过程，它比一般的回收利用更环保。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“When you upcycle an object, you aren't breaking down the material”可知，一般的回收利用需要分解回收的旧东西，而“升级回收”则不会将旧物品分解。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Some of…upcycling came from the 1930s to 1940s when people didn't have many material resources”可知，在以前人们是因为物质材料短缺才进行“升级回收”的，由此可知他们是为了节约材料和省钱。故答案为B。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Things shouldn’t just be thrown away when they can be turned into something useful. Upcycling is also more environmentally-friendly than recycling which requires energy or water to break down materials.”可知，此处说的是当能变成有用的东西时，不应该就这样扔掉，升级改造也比循环利用更环保，因此可推测economising意为“节约”。故选A。
14．主旨大意题。第一段讲述“升级回收”和“普通回收”的区别，因此小标题是“Differences between upcycling and recycling”；第二段讲述的是以前的人们为什么“升级回收”和如何进行“升级回收”的，因此标题为Old upcycling；第三段讲的是现在人们进行“升级回收”的原因，因此标题为Reasons for upcycling；故选B。
15．写作目的题。根据最后一段可知，作者说“升级回收”对环境有益，劝说我们通过检查房屋和回收箱并践行升级回收支持这一想法，并要我们立刻采取行动。由此可知作者是在鼓励我们“升级回收”，故选C。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．E 20．A
【解析】本文通过Amit Kumar及其团队的实验告诉我们，写感谢信不仅会改变我们对待他人的方式，也会让我们有不一样的感受。
16．根据“it’s a good idea to write him a thank-you note”及“People don’t seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often”可知，写感谢信是一个好主意，但是人们并不经常做这个事情，B选项“然而，我们中有多少人真的坐下来做这件事呢”符合，故选B。
17．根据“They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them”可推断，通过实验来寻找为什么人们不愿意写感谢信，C选项“为什么人们羞于发送感谢信呢”符合，故选C。
18．根据“They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them”可知，此处应描述学生对写感谢信这件事的担忧，D选项“他们担心说什么，怎么说”符合，故选D。
19．根据“The writers also thought the receivers might be shy for receiving a thank-you note”及“The receivers feel quite happy”可知，作者以为收到感谢信的人会感到害羞，事实上并非如此，他们会感到高兴，E选项“但事实并非如此”符合，故选E。
20．根据“Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others”可知，写感谢信会给别人带来很大的影响，所以作者呼吁读者要多写感谢信，A选项“如果人们知道这一点，他们就会更频繁地这样做”符合，故选A。
2020年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．B 25．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了地球日摄影比赛的主题、时间，参赛要求和评判标准等基本情况。
21．细节理解题。根据“For whom: The contest is open to students aged 8 to 13.”可知，8到13岁的学生可以参赛。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Students must write their first name only... the date when it was taken (must be between June 1, 2018, and March 20, 2020).”可知，名字和拍摄时间必须和照片一起提交，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据“The contest closes on March 20, 2020”可推断，照片必须在比赛结束前，也就是2020年3月20日前提交。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据“Contest judges will look for creativity, photo captions and relevance to Earth Day theme.”可知，比赛的主题是“地球日”。故选B。
25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了地球日摄影比赛的主题、时间，参赛要求和评判标准等基本情况，结合四个选项可知这篇文章是一则通知。故选B。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Ronnie的父母离婚了，父亲独自居住，一次妈妈送她去看望父亲，Ronnie开始很沮丧，后来爸爸照顾海归的事情打破了她和爸爸之间的隔阂。后来Ronnie才知道母亲送她去看望父亲，是因为父亲得了癌症，为了纪念她的父亲，Ronnie写了一首歌曲，从而表达对父亲的爱。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Her father, who used to be her piano teacher”可知，Ronnie的爸爸过去常常教她弹钢琴，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it”可知，当Ronnie被送到北卡罗来纳州时，刚开始感到很沮丧，故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“However, it was on the day the eggs hatched that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer”可知，Ronnie在和父亲待在一起的时候，发现父亲得了癌症，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“She even slept outside the whole night just to protect the turtle eggs from the raccoons. She loves her father”可知，为了保护乌龟蛋不被浣熊吃掉，她甚至整晚都睡在外面。她爱她的父亲，可推知作者认为Ronnie是很体贴的，很乐于助人的，故选A。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章最后一段“It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about relationships with our parents and how to express love to our parents”可知，文章主要讲的是Ronnie是怎样改善和她爸爸的关系的，故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述大型动物睡觉时间比小动物的睡觉时间少；科学家发现睡眠的原因有三方面：安全、帮助人工作地更好以及对健康有必要；科学家研究睡眠时人的机体的变化；最后讲述了解决入睡困难问题的一些技巧。
31．推理判断题。根据“elephants sleep only 2 to 4 hours a day. Bats sleep 18 hours a day. Children need more sleep than grownups”可知大型动物睡觉时间比小动物的睡觉时间少。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Safety could be one reason for sleep...Sleep might also help you work better…Besides, sleep is necessary for good health”可知睡眠的原因有三方面：安全、帮助人工作地更好以及对健康有必要。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“Things go wrong if you do not get enough sleep. It is hard to think and work and play unless you get plenty of sleep. Besides, sleep is necessary for good health”如果没有足够的睡眠事情会出错，除非你睡眠足够很难思考和工作，而且，睡眠对健康很有必要。可知睡眠不足够会导致人不健康。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“You dream during REM sleep”可知进入快速动眼睡眠的时候你在做梦。故选A。
35．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“If you have trouble falling asleep, some people suggest breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk”可知表达的是喝温牛奶有助于入睡，“drowsy”相当于“sleep睡眠”。故选C。
36．B 37．E 38．A 39．C 40．D
【分析】本文介绍了英文中“bread and butter”这个表达的由来和含义。
36．根据空格后“... most people like ... 许多人喜欢 ……” 可推测空格处说的是一部分人的喜好，选项B“有些人喜欢在上面撒巧克力”符合情景，故选B。
37．根据the expression “bread and butter” 可知本段主要说的是“bread and butter”这个表达的来历；再根据空后So, bread and butter was important food. 可知该句与空上所填句子构成因果关系；选项E“那时，许多农民只能买得起面包和黄油当饭吃”符合情景，故选E。
38．根据第二段最后一句“People began using it to mean the way they earned a living.”可推测作者提到了某个时间，人们从这个时间开始用“bread and butter”来表达他们谋生的方式，选项A“然后在17世纪左右，意思改变了”符合情景，故选A。
39．根据第三段“But you do not make enough money by doing those things.”可推测作者提到了一个谋生的方式，但是用这种方式谋生可能赚不到足够的钱，选项C“如果你真的喜欢写歌和表演歌曲，你可以做”符合情景，故选C。
40．根据最后一段“To know which side you bread is buttered on”可知作者在本段讲的是要在哪边面包涂黄油的含义，选项D“换句话说，你应该知道你的面包是在哪一边涂黄油的”符合情景，故选D。
河南省南阳市淅川县
2019-2021年三年中考一模英语试卷分类汇编
阅读理解
2022年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
一、阅读单选
Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking NoodlesWelcome to Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking Noodles. We make our noodles in very traditional ways to keep the natural taste. The best materials (材料) are chosen for our food to keep your safety. The noodles in our restaurant are made by hand, which makes them very different from others’.
Noodles
Beef and onion ¥20
Mutton and cabbage ¥20
Beef and potato ¥15
Egg and tomato ¥12
Vegetable only ¥8
Dishes
Meat and vegetable salad ¥25
Vegetable salad ¥15
Drinks
Soda water ¥4
Coca-Cola ¥3
Sprite ¥3
Honey Green Tea ¥5
In addition: For every two bowls of beef and onion noodles or mutton and cabbage noodles, one can get two drinks for free. You can choose any of our drinks freely.
Business hour: 10:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. Open all year round, except the seven-day holiday during the Spring Festival.
Order line: 0371-5588008 (You need to pay ¥2 for packing (包装), and your address should be within 5 km.)
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What makes Ms. Qin’s Home — Cooking Noodles different?A．The way its noodles are made. B．The different kinds of noodles it has.
C．The best materials it uses. D．The name that comes from its owner Ms. Qin.
2．If you are a beef lover, how many kinds of noodles can you choose?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What will you order if you want to get free drinks?
A．A bowl of egg and tomato noodles. B．Two bowls of egg and tomato noodles.
C．Two bowls of beef and onion noodles. D．Two bowls of vegetable only noodles.
4．How much will you pay for two bowls of mutton and cabbage noodles, a bowl of beef and potato noodles, one Coca-Cola and one Honey Green Tea?
A．¥40. B．¥55. C．¥60. D．¥65.
5．Where can we find this text?
A．In a library. B．In a cinema. C．In a restaurant. D．In a clothes store.
Once, there was a young man who expected to be successful badly. One day, he visited Socrates, the great and successful Greek philosopher (哲学家), and asked the man about the secret to success. He hoped that this man, who he respected (尊敬) a lot, could show him something useful and helpful. After knowing the young man’s purpose, Socrates decided to do something to calm (使平静) him down first. Looking at the worried young man in silence for a while, Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river outside the city the next morning. Dare not ask Socrates why, the puzzled young man left.
The next day, the young man came early and waited. When the great man arrived, he asked the young man to walk with him toward the river together. They walked side by side in the river. Though the young man was still puzzled (困惑的), he followed. When the water got up to their necks, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water all of a sudden. The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue.
After pulling his head out of the water, the first thing the young man did was to take a deep breath of the air. Waiting for a while, when seeing the young man calm down, Socrates asked slowly, “Now please tell me. What did you want most when you were in the water?” The man replied, “Air.” Hearing the young man’s answer, Socrates said, “Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it!”
Sometimes we are always so eager (渴望的) to be successful that we can’t make ourselves understand what we really need. So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．What does the underlined word “ducked” mean in Chinese according to the text?
A．使游走 B．把……按进水里 C．挣扎 D．包装
7．What did they do in the water?
A．Socrates stood in the water with the young man side by side for long.
B．Socrates put the young man’s head into the water for long.
C．Socrates walked with the young man in the water for long.
D．Socrates swam and talked with the young man for long.
8．How did Socrates make the young man get his idea?
A．By telling the way to success. B．By giving the young man some useful suggestions.
C．By giving a special lesson to the young man. D．By giving the young man lots of money and things.
9．Which word can best describe Socrates according to the text?
A．Wise. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Kind.
10．According to the story, how can we achieve success?
A．By trying to make as much money as we could.
B．By talking with a great man and getting his secret to success.
C．By letting Socrates put the head into the water.
D．By finding out what we want and do our best.
In most of the Western countries, it is widely known that pink or purple is for girls while blue or brown is for boys. Why? The answer largely depends on cultural values as well as personal experiences. And people’s choices of colors are also influenced by their bodies’ reactions (反应) to them.
For example, green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color. Scientists believe it has the ability to lessen (减少) people’s pain and is able to relax people when they are tired. And people working in green environment have been found to have fewer stomachaches. Most Egyptians consider green as a color that stands for hope and joy of spring. So, don’t be surprised when you see too much green in Egypt.
Red has also been noted for thousands of years. It is a symbol of good luck or energy in many cultures for long. In China, during the Spring Festival, children are given money in a red envelope (信封) to bring luck in the coming year. Red can also cause a person’s appetite (胃口). Have you ever noticed that there are many different red things in the restaurant? For the same reason, many shopping websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color which easily catches a person’s eye and causes the interest in buying.
Blue, for many nations, means protection and belief. Greeks wear blue necklaces, hoping to protect them from bad things. And, opposite to red, blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue is believed to cause people to lose appetite. So when you mean to eat less, maybe it helps to eat on blue plates.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11．According to Paragraph 1, people don’t choose colors by ________.
A．cultural values B．traditional ideas C．personal experiences D．bodies’ reactions
12．What are the influences of green on people?
①It makes people calm.
②It makes people feel less pain and relaxes them.
③It makes people have no illness.
④It makes people hopeful and joyful.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
13．Who considers red as a symbol of good luck?
A．Japanese. B．Egyptians. C．Greeks. D．Chinese.
14．According to the text, which colors can make people feel calm?
A．Red and purple. B．Green and brown. C．Blue and purple. D．Blue and green.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Colors influence cultural values B．Colors influence cultural changes
C．Colors influence people’s appetite D．Colors influence people’s choices
二、阅读还原5选5
Scientists in Israel have taught goldfish an unusual way to reach a target (目标) — by driving a small robotic car on dry land. The experiment was designed to test whether goldfish could find their ways in conditions very different from their natural living conditions. The experiment was led by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel. ____16____
To test the goldfish, the researchers created a special robotic car that could drive forward, backward, and from side to side. ____17____ A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV. Using a special system, the car tracked (追踪) where the goldfish was and what direction it was swimming. ____18____
The scientists worked with six different goldfish. ____19____ The fish were rewarded with a food ball when the car touched the target.
____20____ A design studio (工作室) in the Netherlands created a similar car, which was guided by the movements (运动) of a goldfish swimming in a tank on the car. But that project wasn’t an experiment, and it wasn’t meant to test the fish.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A．The FOV would then move in the same direction.
B．They learned that goldfish could find their ways, even on dry land.
C．The scientists called the car the “Fish Operated Vehicle (车)” (FOV).
D．Though it may seem unusual, this isn’t the first time a fish has driven a car.
E．They tested them by placing the car in a small room with a pink target on one side.
2021年河南省南阳市淅川县九年级第一次模拟测试英语试题
得 分
评卷人
二、阅读理解（20小题，每小题2分，共40分）请将正确答案标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求完成各题。
A
Kids' Summer Jobs
Camp Counselor
We are looking for people to join us as a camp counselor at Cuya Outdoor School.We connect children to science through nature.Our camp counselors are energetic and supportive，and more importantly，caring team members.This is an eighthour everyday job in the tendaylong program during the summer.
Hours：9：00 a．m.—5：00 p．m.
Pay：$10 per hour
LEGO Engineering Instructor
Do you enjoy taking things apart and then putting them back together？If so，then this may be your dream job！We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.
Hours：2：00 p．m.—5：00 p．m.
Pay：$15 per hour
Teacher's Aide
We are looking for parttime teacher's aides for our Inspire Kids Preschool in Newburgh.Teacher's aides need to prepare materials，help children finish activities and create a safe environment.
Hours: 8：00 a．m.—11：00 a．m.
Pay：$100 per week
Summer Care Giver
I'm looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I'm working from 11：00 a．m.to 3：00 p．m.I have a 7yearold daughter and a 5yearold son.I am also asking you to prepare snacks and clean up the rooms.
Pay：$150 per week
Word Bank
counselor指导老师
aide助手
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21. How much can a camp counselor make in total?
A. $10. B. $100. C. $150. D. $800.
22. To be a LEGO engineering instructor，one has to be _______ .
A. caring B. creative C. energetic D. patient
23. What does a teacher's aide need to do?
A. Help children do activities. B. Teach children science.
C. Play LEGO with children. D. Prepare snacks for children.
24. What summer job can Jerry apply for if he is free from 10：00 a．m.to 4：00 p．m.?
A. Teacher's aide. B. Summer care giver.
C. Camp counselor. D. LEGO engineering instructor.
25. Where can you probably find this text?
A. On a website. B. In a dictionary.
C. In a guide book. D. In a picture book.
B
Once upon a time a little leaf was heard to cry, as leaves often did when a gentle wind passed by. The twig asked，“What's the matter，little leaf? ”The leaf said，“The wind just told me that one day it will pull me off !” When the tree heard this,it swung all over and promised the leaf, “You will not go till you want to.”
The sunny days of the autumn came. The little leaf saw all the leaves around becoming very beautiful. Some were yellow, some were red, and some were in both colors. The little leaf asked the tree what it meant. The tree said, “All these leaves ▲ fly away, and they have put on these beautiful colors because of joy.”
Word Bank
twig 小枝
branches树枝
The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it. When it was very bright in color, it saw the branches of the tree had no color in them. The leaf asked,“Branches, why are you brown?” “We must keep our working clothes on. Your clothes are for holiday,because your tasks are over,”said a branch.
Just then a little puff of wind came, took the leaf up and turned it
over and over. The little leaf was like the fire in the air, and fell down
silently among hundreds of other leaves. It began to dream —a dream so
beautiful that perhaps it would last forever.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
26. The tree wanted to the little leaf at first.
A. protect B. give up C. control D. go with
27. Which of the following can be put in ▲ ?
A. are refused to B. are forced to C. are ready to D. are afraid to
28. Why didn't the branches change colors?
A. Because the air was too dry. B. Because they had to keep working.
C. Because they were too lazy. D. Because they hardly got sunshine.
29. The little leaf fell down with .
A. sadness B. regret C. surprise D. satisfaction
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Always prepare for the future. B. Live in and enjoy the moment.
C. Each season has its own beauty. D. We should make our own decisions.
C
Upcycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful. It is different from recycling. When you recycle something，old materials need to be broken down so that their base materials can be remade into a new product，often of inferior quality. When you upcycle an object，you aren't breaking down the material. You're simply making it into something else. Also,the upcycled object is typically of the same, or even better quality.
The idea of upcycling isn't new. Some of the best examples of modern-day upcycling come from the 1930s to 1940s when people didn't have many material resources. In those days, people found new purposes for old things over and over until they were no longer useful. For example, old coats would be turned into shoes and an old door would be made into a new table.
Nowadays, economising is still a big reason why some people upcycle. An even bigger reason for the rebirth of upcycling is that it's environmentally-friendly. Things shouldn't just be thrown away when they can be turned into something useful. Upcycling is also more environmentally-friendly than recycling which requires energy or water to break down materials. Upcycling just requires your own creativity and effort.
Upcycling can provide you with something that's both creative and practical. Why don't you support the idea by checking your house or recycling bin and creating objects yourself? Take action right now!
31. Compared with recycling, the main difference with upcycling is that .
Word Bank
inferior 次等的
creativity创造力
subtitle 小标题
A. it's environmentally-friendly
B. upcycled objects are more useful
C. upcycled objects are of inferior quality
D. old materials don't need to be broken down
32. Why did people upcycle in the old days?
A. To make life interesting. B. To save materials and money.
C. To show their creativity. D. To protect the environment.
33. The underlined word“economising”means “ ”in Chinese.
A. 节约 B.创新 C. 增产 D.发展
34. Match the first three paragraphs with the three subtitles:
a. Reasons for upcycling
b. Upcycling in the old times
c. Differences between upcycling and recycling
A. Pl—c； P2—a； P3—b B. P1—c； P2—b； P3—a
C. P1—b； P2—a； P3—c D P1—a； P2—b； P3—c
35. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To advise people to recycle. B. To warn people not to waste.
C. To encourage people to upcycle. D. To show people the history of upcycling.
D
If a friend gives us a hand when we are in need,it's a good idea to write him a thank-you note. 36
“People don't seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often,”Amit Kumar from University of Texas said. 37 And how do people feel when they receive one?
Kumar and his team asked some students to write a thank-you note to another person by email. Then, they asked both the writers and the receivers how sending or receiving these notes made them feel.
They found that the students didn't like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them. 38
The receivers, however, enjoyed the notes.“When you are a receiver, you focus on the warmth of the note,”Kumar said.“How heartfelt it was! How friendly and warm!”
The writers also thought the receivers might be shy for receiving a thank-you note. 39 “The receivers feel quite happy,”Kumar said.“They don't really feel shy at all.”
Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others. 40 Simple and small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference to the way we treat other people and how we feel.
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. If people knew this, they would do it more often.
B. However, how many of us actually sit down to do this?
C. Why are people shy about sending thank-you notes?
D. They worried about what to say and how to say it.
E. But this was not true.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
2020年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
二、阅读理解
阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇语言材料，并按题后要求完成各题。
A
Earth Day Photo Contest
Subject: Why is Earth Day important to our planet?
Time: The contest begins on January 9, 2019.
The contest closes on March 20, 2020.
For whom: The contest is open to students aged 8 to 13.
Prize: The winning photographer will receive a digital camera, and the photo will be published on Earth Day issue of TFK on April 14, 2020. 9. 23.
▲ Contest judges will look for creativity, photo captions and relevance to Earth Day theme.
▲ Students must write their first name only; their e-mail address; a parent’s, teacher’s or guardian’s e-mail address (very important); a caption; the place in the photo; the date when it was taken (must be between June 1, 2018, and March 20, 2020).
▲ To enter, students should visit timeforkids. com/2018earthdaycontest and follow instructions to hand in an original digital photo.
Word Bank
guardian 监护人
caption 说明文字
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
21. Who can take part in the contest?
A. Kate, 7 B. Mike; 12 C. Linda; 14 D. Alice; 16
22. What must be handed in to go with your photo?
A. Your family name. B. The place you live in.
C. Your teacher’s e-mail address. D. The date when you took the photo.
23. When must you hand in your photos?
A. On June 1 2018. B. Before October 1, 2019.
C. On January 9, 2019. D. Before March 20, 2020.
24. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The winners’ photos will be on show. B. The theme of the contest is Earth Day.
C. The winner will get a copy of the photos. D. Your photos should be sent to their office.
25. What is the text?
A. A report B. A notice C. An agreement D. A piece of news
B
What is the most amazing thing in summer? A seaside vacation? Some good family time? Or a song that changes your whole life? These all happened to Ronnie, the main character of the book The Last Song. It was written by United States author Nicholas Sparks.
Since Ronnie’s parents divorced when she was 14, she had been staying with her mom in New York. Her father, who used to be her piano teacher, lived alone in North Carolina. She was so mad at her dad that she had not talked with him or played the piano ever since the divorce. However, the summer before she turned 18, her mom sent her to North Carolina. At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it. But things changed when her dad found some turtle eggs. Raccoons were trying to break them. She learned more about the turtles at the local aquarium and set up a cage to protect the eggs.
The turtle nest broke down the tough wall between Ronnie and her father. However, it was on the day the eggs hatched that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer. That was why her mom asked her to visit him. Ronnie was very upset. She started playing the piano again and wrote a song for him before he died.
Ronnie deeply impressed me. Though she looks rebellious in the book, she is tender. She even slept outside the whole night just to protect the turtle eggs from the raccoons. She loves her father.
It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about relationships with our parents and how to express love to our parents.
Word Bank
divorced 离婚 raccoons 浣熊 tough 坚固的 frustrated 失意的 turtle 海龟
aquarium 水族馆 hatched 孵化 cancer 癌症 rebellious 叛逆的 tender 温柔的
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
26. Which of the following is true about Ronnie’s story?
A. Ronnie’s parents always lived together.
B. Ronnie stayed with her father after the divorce.
C. Ronnie’s dad used to teach her to play the piano.
D. Ronnie’s kept a good relationship with her dad even after the divorce.
27. How did Ronnie feel at first when she was sent to North Carolina?
A. Unhappy B. Excited C. Surprised D. Pleased
28. What happened during Ronnie’s stay with her dad?
A. Ronnie and her dad’s relationship got worse.
B. Ronnie found that he got cancer.
C. Ronnie refused to play the piano again.
D. Ronnie kept a good relationship with her dad even after the divorce.
29. What does the writer think of Ronnie?
A. She is caring. B. She is lucky. C. She is talented. D. She is careful.
30. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. The love for a turtle. B. How a turtle protects its egg.
C. The most amazing thing in summer. D. How Ronnie improved relationships with her father.
C
Dogs sleep cats sleep and you sleep. All mammals and birds sleep. Elephants sleep only 2 to 4 hours a day. Bats sleep 18 hours a day. Children need more sleep than grownups. A newborn baby sleeps 17 to 18 hours. A 10-year-old needs about 10 hours of sleep a night. Grownups need between 6 and 9 hours of sleep a night.
Though scientists do not know for sure why you sleep, they do have some ideas. Safety could be one reason for sleep. People and other animals might sleep because it keeps them safe at night. Sleep might also help you work better. Things go wrong if you do not get enough sleep. It is hard to think and work and play unless you get plenty of sleep. Besides, sleep is necessary for good health.
Scientists have learned a lot about what happens when you lie down, close your eyes, and fall asleep. Sometimes your eyeballs move back and forth while you’re asleep. They move fast. This kind of sleep is called REM, which means rapid eye movement. Your brain is also very busy during REM sleep. It is almost as busy as when you are awake. What do you think your brain is doing? Here is a clue: You dream during REM sleep.
If you have trouble falling asleep, some people suggest breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help you make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep put you to sleep!
Word Bank
mammals 哺乳动物
grownup 成年人
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
31. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that _________.
A. small animals sleep less than babies. B. grownups sleep less than big animals.
C. big animals sleep less than small ones. D. human beings sleep less than big animals.
32. How many reasons for sleep are given by scientists?
A. Four B. Three C. Two D. One
33. Not getting enough sleep might cause you to _________.
A. work better B. dream often C. have bad health D. take a deep breath
34. When you enter the REM sleep _________.
A. you have a dream B. you often wake up
C. your brain has a rest D. your eyeballs move slowly
35. The underlined word “drowsy” means _________.
A. sick B. wake C. sleep D. excited
D
“Bread” is a kind of common food in our life._____36_____ But most people like to put butter. Bread and butter is a classic combination. “Bread and butter” also means something wonderful—a way to make money!
Some word experts say the expression “bread and butter” began in Europe and England during the Middle Ages._____37_____So, bread and butter was important food. And that is what the expression “bread and butter” meant for many years._____38_____ People began using it to mean the way they earned a living.
_____39_____ But you do not make enough money by doing those things. So you get a job as a website designer. If someone asks what you do, you could say, “Well, I’m a musician. But designing websites is my bread-and-butter. ” In other words, designing websites pays your bills. Making music does not. We can say you depend on web design for your “bread and butter”.
If you really like your job and it pays well, you probably want to keep it. And if you work for someone else, you probably want to keep them happy.____40____“To know which side you bread is buttered on” means you know who is the person that helps you pay for your everyday things.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号在答题卡相应位置上涂黑。
A. Then around the 1600s, the meaning changed.
B. Some people like to spread chocolate on its top.
C. If you really like to write and perform songs, you can do it.
D. In other words, you should know which side your bread is buttered on.
E. At that time, many farmers could only afford bread and butter as their meal.
答案：
2022年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇广告。广告的内容是关于一个面条店的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“The noodles in our restaurant are made by hand, which makes them very different from others’.”可知本店的面条手工制作，这使这儿的面条与众不同，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Beef and onion”、“Mutton and cabbage”、“Beef and potato”、“Egg and tomato”及“Vegetable only”可知在本店可以享受五种面条，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“For every two bowls of beef and onion noodles or mutton and cabbage noodles, one can get two drinks for free.”可知点两碗牛肉洋葱面或羊肉卷心菜面可以免费得到饮料，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Mutton and cabbage ¥20”可知两碗羊肉卷心菜面40元，由上题可知两碗羊肉卷心菜面赠送两个饮料，而由“Beef and potato ¥15”可知一碗牛肉西红柿面15元，所以判断应共支付55元，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可推断这个文章应该出现在饭馆，故选C。
6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Socrates通过让年轻人亲自体会的方法来告诉一个人怎样才能成功的故事。
6．词义猜测题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”并结合备选项可猜测Socrates把年轻人的头按进水里，直到他的脸开始发青，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“The poor man tried hard, hoping to get out directly, but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the poor man’s face started turning blue”可知在水里时，Socrates把年轻人的头按到水里很长时间。故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据“Now, you see, that is the secret to success. Only when you want something as badly as you wanted the air just now in the water, will you get it”并结合上题可知Socrates通过给年轻人上了特别的一课来解答年轻人的困惑，故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章中Socrates帮助年轻人解惑的方法可判断Socrates是一个睿智的人，故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“So, learn your situation to get to know what you want most and try your best, and then you may get it.”可知要想成功必须了解自己的真正需要并尽最大的努力，故选D。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了人们对颜色有不同的选择，这主要取决于不同颜色的文化价值，个人经历以及人们身体对不同颜色的反应。
11．细节理解题。根据“The answer largely depends on cultural values as well as personal experiences. And people’s choices of colors are also influenced by their bodies’ reactions to them.”可知对颜色的选择取决于文化价值观和个人经历以及他们的身体对颜色的反应，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color.”“Scientists believe it has the ability to lessen people’s pain and is able to relax people”和“Most Egyptians consider green as a color that stands for hope and joy of spring”可知绿色是最宁静的颜色，可以减少疼痛，使人放松，代表春天的希望和喜悦，故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据“ In China, during the Spring Festival, children are given money in a red envelope to bring luck in the coming year.”可知在中国，春节期间，老人给孩子们红包为他们带来明年的好运，所以判断红色被中国人看作好运的象征，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“blue is another calming color”和“green is usually said to be the most restful color among the family of color”可知蓝色和绿色是可以让人平静的颜色，故选D。
15．最佳标题题。根据文章可知文中主要介绍了不同颜色的文化意义和对人们的影响，从而影响人们的选择，故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．E 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了以色列科学家教会金鱼通过在陆地上驾驶小型机器车到达目标的实验。
16．根据“Scientists in Israel have taught goldfish an unusual way to reach a target — by driving a small robotic car on dry land. ...The experiment was led by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel.”可知此处应是阐述实验的结果，选项B“他们了解到金鱼能找到它们的路，甚至在陆地上”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据“A goldfish was placed inside a water box on the FOV.”可知此处应是提到FOV，选项C“科学家把这个车称作‘鱼操作车’(FOV)”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据“Using a special system, the car tracked where the goldfish was and what direction it was swimming”可知此处应是说小车追踪之后的行动，选项A“FOV然后将以同样的方向移动”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据“The scientists worked with six different goldfish”可知此处应是说接下来的做法，选项E“他们通过在一个一边上带着粉色目标的小房间里放一个车来测试它们”符合语境，故选E。
20．根据“A design studio in the Netherlands created a similar car, which was guided by the movements of a goldfish swimming in a tank on the car.”可知此处应是过渡到另一个事件的句子，选项D“尽管它看起来似乎可能是不同寻常的，但是这不是鱼第一次驾车了”符合语境，故选D。
2021年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章是孩子们的暑假工作招聘广告：辅导员，乐高工程教员，教师助手和暑假关爱者。
1．推理判断题。根据“This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.”和“ Pay: $10 per hour”可知，夏令营辅导员，每小时10美元，每天工作8小时，一共10天，因此可以挣10×8×10=800美元。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.”可知，要想成为一个乐高工程教员，需要聪明和有创造力，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“teacher’s aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.”可知，老师的助手需要准备材料，帮助孩子完成活动，创造一个安全的环境。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“Summer Care Giver, I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I’m working from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p.m.”可知，如果Jerry上午10点到下午4点有空，她可以申请夏季关爱者。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Kids’ Summer Jobs”可知，此处是工作招聘的广告，因此会在网站上看到，故选A。
6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B
【解析】本文主要是发生在一片叶子身上的故事，它和小枝，大枝的对话，到秋天变色被风吹落。
6．细节理解题，根据“it swung all over and promised the leaf, “You will not go till you want to.””可知，大树对小树叶保证，除非它自己想走，否则它不会离开，这是对它的一种保护，故选A。
7．句意猜测题。根据“All these leaves… fly away, and they have put on these beautiful colors because of joy”及“The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it”可知，这些树叶准备要离开了，所以身上有美丽的颜色，小树叶听到这个之后也想变得美丽，所以它也想走了，结合选项，此空应填are ready to表示“准备做 ……”，故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Branches, why are you brown”及“We must keep our working clothes on”可知，因为它们要一直工作，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“The little leaf wanted to go, and grew very beautiful in thinking of it”及“The little leaf was like the fire in the air, and fell down silently among hundreds of other leaves”可知，小树叶想变得漂亮所以决定随着风飘落下来，它并没有悲伤，后悔或是惊讶，而是很满意地成为了数百片叶子中的一员，故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“It began to dream —a dream so beautiful that perhaps it would last forever”可知，小树叶落下来之后开始了一个美丽的梦，这个美梦也许会继续持续下去，从小树叶的经历告诉我们，生命短暂，我们要享受当下，才能不悔离去，故选B。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了升级回收，同时还介绍了两种升级回收的方法。升级回收是将旧材料转变成有用且通常很漂亮的东西的过程，它比一般的回收利用更环保。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“When you upcycle an object, you aren't breaking down the material”可知，一般的回收利用需要分解回收的旧东西，而“升级回收”则不会将旧物品分解。故选D。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Some of…upcycling came from the 1930s to 1940s when people didn't have many material resources”可知，在以前人们是因为物质材料短缺才进行“升级回收”的，由此可知他们是为了节约材料和省钱。故答案为B。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Things shouldn’t just be thrown away when they can be turned into something useful. Upcycling is also more environmentally-friendly than recycling which requires energy or water to break down materials.”可知，此处说的是当能变成有用的东西时，不应该就这样扔掉，升级改造也比循环利用更环保，因此可推测economising意为“节约”。故选A。
14．主旨大意题。第一段讲述“升级回收”和“普通回收”的区别，因此小标题是“Differences between upcycling and recycling”；第二段讲述的是以前的人们为什么“升级回收”和如何进行“升级回收”的，因此标题为Old upcycling；第三段讲的是现在人们进行“升级回收”的原因，因此标题为Reasons for upcycling；故选B。
15．写作目的题。根据最后一段可知，作者说“升级回收”对环境有益，劝说我们通过检查房屋和回收箱并践行升级回收支持这一想法，并要我们立刻采取行动。由此可知作者是在鼓励我们“升级回收”，故选C。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．E 20．A
【解析】本文通过Amit Kumar及其团队的实验告诉我们，写感谢信不仅会改变我们对待他人的方式，也会让我们有不一样的感受。
16．根据“it’s a good idea to write him a thank-you note”及“People don’t seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often”可知，写感谢信是一个好主意，但是人们并不经常做这个事情，B选项“然而，我们中有多少人真的坐下来做这件事呢”符合，故选B。
17．根据“They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them”可推断，通过实验来寻找为什么人们不愿意写感谢信，C选项“为什么人们羞于发送感谢信呢”符合，故选C。
18．根据“They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them”可知，此处应描述学生对写感谢信这件事的担忧，D选项“他们担心说什么，怎么说”符合，故选D。
19．根据“The writers also thought the receivers might be shy for receiving a thank-you note”及“The receivers feel quite happy”可知，作者以为收到感谢信的人会感到害羞，事实上并非如此，他们会感到高兴，E选项“但事实并非如此”符合，故选E。
20．根据“Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others”可知，写感谢信会给别人带来很大的影响，所以作者呼吁读者要多写感谢信，A选项“如果人们知道这一点，他们就会更频繁地这样做”符合，故选A。
2020年河南省南阳市淅川县中考一模英语试题
21．B 22．D 23．D 24．B 25．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了地球日摄影比赛的主题、时间，参赛要求和评判标准等基本情况。
21．细节理解题。根据“For whom: The contest is open to students aged 8 to 13.”可知，8到13岁的学生可以参赛。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Students must write their first name only... the date when it was taken (must be between June 1, 2018, and March 20, 2020).”可知，名字和拍摄时间必须和照片一起提交，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据“The contest closes on March 20, 2020”可推断，照片必须在比赛结束前，也就是2020年3月20日前提交。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据“Contest judges will look for creativity, photo captions and relevance to Earth Day theme.”可知，比赛的主题是“地球日”。故选B。
25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了地球日摄影比赛的主题、时间，参赛要求和评判标准等基本情况，结合四个选项可知这篇文章是一则通知。故选B。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Ronnie的父母离婚了，父亲独自居住，一次妈妈送她去看望父亲，Ronnie开始很沮丧，后来爸爸照顾海归的事情打破了她和爸爸之间的隔阂。后来Ronnie才知道母亲送她去看望父亲，是因为父亲得了癌症，为了纪念她的父亲，Ronnie写了一首歌曲，从而表达对父亲的爱。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Her father, who used to be her piano teacher”可知，Ronnie的爸爸过去常常教她弹钢琴，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it”可知，当Ronnie被送到北卡罗来纳州时，刚开始感到很沮丧，故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“However, it was on the day the eggs hatched that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer”可知，Ronnie在和父亲待在一起的时候，发现父亲得了癌症，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“She even slept outside the whole night just to protect the turtle eggs from the raccoons. She loves her father”可知，为了保护乌龟蛋不被浣熊吃掉，她甚至整晚都睡在外面。她爱她的父亲，可推知作者认为Ronnie是很体贴的，很乐于助人的，故选A。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章最后一段“It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about relationships with our parents and how to express love to our parents”可知，文章主要讲的是Ronnie是怎样改善和她爸爸的关系的，故选D。
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述大型动物睡觉时间比小动物的睡觉时间少；科学家发现睡眠的原因有三方面：安全、帮助人工作地更好以及对健康有必要；科学家研究睡眠时人的机体的变化；最后讲述了解决入睡困难问题的一些技巧。
31．推理判断题。根据“elephants sleep only 2 to 4 hours a day. Bats sleep 18 hours a day. Children need more sleep than grownups”可知大型动物睡觉时间比小动物的睡觉时间少。故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Safety could be one reason for sleep...Sleep might also help you work better…Besides, sleep is necessary for good health”可知睡眠的原因有三方面：安全、帮助人工作地更好以及对健康有必要。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“Things go wrong if you do not get enough sleep. It is hard to think and work and play unless you get plenty of sleep. Besides, sleep is necessary for good health”如果没有足够的睡眠事情会出错，除非你睡眠足够很难思考和工作，而且，睡眠对健康很有必要。可知睡眠不足够会导致人不健康。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“You dream during REM sleep”可知进入快速动眼睡眠的时候你在做梦。故选A。
35．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“If you have trouble falling asleep, some people suggest breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk”可知表达的是喝温牛奶有助于入睡，“drowsy”相当于“sleep睡眠”。故选C。
36．B 37．E 38．A 39．C 40．D
【分析】本文介绍了英文中“bread and butter”这个表达的由来和含义。
36．根据空格后“... most people like ... 许多人喜欢 ……” 可推测空格处说的是一部分人的喜好，选项B“有些人喜欢在上面撒巧克力”符合情景，故选B。
37．根据the expression “bread and butter” 可知本段主要说的是“bread and butter”这个表达的来历；再根据空后So, bread and butter was important food. 可知该句与空上所填句子构成因果关系；选项E“那时，许多农民只能买得起面包和黄油当饭吃”符合情景，故选E。
38．根据第二段最后一句“People began using it to mean the way they earned a living.”可推测作者提到了某个时间，人们从这个时间开始用“bread and butter”来表达他们谋生的方式，选项A“然后在17世纪左右，意思改变了”符合情景，故选A。
39．根据第三段“But you do not make enough money by doing those things.”可推测作者提到了一个谋生的方式，但是用这种方式谋生可能赚不到足够的钱，选项C“如果你真的喜欢写歌和表演歌曲，你可以做”符合情景，故选C。
40．根据最后一段“To know which side you bread is buttered on”可知作者在本段讲的是要在哪边面包涂黄油的含义，选项D“换句话说，你应该知道你的面包是在哪一边涂黄油的”符合情景，故选D。
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