高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 A new start优秀第4课时课后作业题

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 Unit 1 A New Start
1.4 Presenting ideas
学习内容
如何写校园生活日记（周记）Writing a journal entry
学习目标
1. 语言能力目标
1） 了解日记体写作的时态，人称，格式等基本知识；
2） 能够将本课时学到的关于日记体的知识运用到实际的日记写作中。
2. 情感目标：
通过观察、阅读、模仿范文，写出自己的专属日记和心情。
3. 学习能力目标
注意知识的迁移运用，比如将前面学的基本句子结构应用到自己的实际写作当中。
学习重难点
1. 重点
（1） 了解日记体写作的时态，人称，格式等基本知识；
（2） 进行实际日记写作，描述自己的开学一周。
2. 难点
（1） 阅读范文，从中提炼出写作要点；
（2） 写作规范化。
写作指导
1.了解文体特点
日记一般记叙当天发生的有意义的事情、表述对将来的打算、对事情的看法等。
校园生活日记或周记是用来记述自己在学校的一天或一周中火上学放学路上做过的，看到的或听到的有意义的事情或用来抒发自己当天或当周对某些事情的感受以及自己将来的打算。体裁可以是记叙文，应用文，说明文，议论文等各种形式。

日记可分为记事、议论、描写及抒情四个类型:
记事型日记是用英语记述当天自己工作、生活或学习中发生的事情；
议论型日记则是针对某一事件、热点问题或现象谈自己的看法或主张；
描写型日记则是就某人物、事物的特征给出细致的描述；
抒情型日记是针对某事抒发自己的感情。

2.掌握日记格式
在左上角写上当天日期、星期，星期写在日期之后;在右上角写上当天的天气情况，表示天气情况的词用形容词，如：clear/ fine/ shining（晴朗的），rainy（下雨的），cloudy（多云的），windy（有风的），snowy（有雪的）等;日记的小标题写在下一行，也可省略不写。

3.明确正文要点
书面表达题中日记一般给出写作要点，学生应当仔细审题，明确要点，按照时间顺序组织要点。第一部分一般记述活动或安排，第二部分针对活动阐述自己的观点。

日记正文一般包括三部分：
第一部分引出主题；
第二部分为活动过程或安排；
第三部分阐述自己的观点、收获或体会。

4.明确语言特点
日记语言力求通顺、简练、准确、明了，有连贯性。若有文字提示，则应重视提示，把握要点。

5.正确选用时态和人称
日记所记载的内容通常已经发生，所以谓语动词多用一般过去时;但也应当根据具体情况，灵活使用时态。如：记叙天气、描写景色，为了描写生动，可以使用现在时;发表感想或评论时应当使用现在时态或将来时态。日记是由本人记述的，故一般多用第一人称。


日记写作要注意：
(1)格式要符合英文日记的要求。
(2)主题要突出，围绕中心组织材料；重点要突出，切忌写成流水账。
(3)思路要清晰，写作时应仔细审题，抓住重点，明确要点，按照一定顺序组织要点，要点的表达要做到清楚、连贯和准确。
(4)语言表达要贴切，遣词造句要规范，语言力求简洁明了、通俗易懂，表达应准确到位，要符合语法和英语表达习惯。
(5)上下文要连贯，写作时可以采用一些表示递进关系的词汇。另外，日记一般是按照事件的时间先后顺序展开，所以常用一些表示时间顺序的过渡性词汇，如at first, then, later (on), afterwards, soon, finally, at last, in the end等。
教学过程
日记常见话题词汇
1. 环境方面
自然风景_____________________________
在山脚下_____________________________
干净整洁_____________________________
覆盖着_____________________________
2. 人物方面
外教_____________________________
交换生_____________________________
毕业于_____________________________
对...感兴趣_____________________________
3. 教学方面
教学方法_____________________________
配备有，装有_____________________________
4. 个人感受
感到想家_____________________________
给...留下深刻印象_____________________________
被...吸引_____________________________
接触大自然_____________________________
放松_____________________________
答案：
1. Natural scenery at the foot of mountain clean and tidy be covered with
2. Foreign teacher exchange student graduate from be interested in
3. Teaching method be equipped with
4. Feel homesick leave/make a deep impression on be attracted by get close to nature
Feel relaxed

话题句式
1. 开头
It’s one week since I came to the new school.
__________________________________________________________
What a difference a day makes!
__________________________________________________________

2. 正文
The moment I entered the campus , I was attracted by its beautiful scenery.
__________________________________________________________

This is the first time that I have been away from my parents alone.
__________________________________________________________

I felt nervous and excited on my first day of senior high. But the kind teachers and friendly classmates made me feel at home soon.
__________________________________________________________

3. 结尾
My first day at senior high really made a deep impression on me.
__________________________________________________________

Not only will I spend this period of studying here happily , but I can also benefit a lot from my stay here.
__________________________________________________________
答案：
1. 自从我来到这新学校已经一周了。
一天的差异是多么大啊！
2. 我一进入校园， 就被它美丽的风景所吸引。
这是我第一次离开父母，只身一人。
高中的第一天，我感到既紧张又兴奋。但是善良的老师们和友好的学生们让我很快有了家的感觉。
3. 我在高中的第一天真的给我留下了深刻的印象。
我不仅会开心地在度过学习时光，而且我肯定在这能受益很多。

实战应用

任务呈现
五月二十五日星期六上午，你班同学组织了一次 “拒绝白色污染，保护地球环境”为主题的环保活动，活动地点为射阳县后羿公园。
你们共分为三个小组，第一组负责清扫烟头、废纸等杂物;第二组负责树立标牌，宣传爱护花草树木的重要意义;第三组负责演讲，向游客宣传“拒绝白色污染，保护地球环境”。
请根据以上要点写一篇日记，并谈谈你对此次活动的看法。

要求：1.符合日記的基本格式;
2.包括所有要点;为使行文连贯，可以适当增加细节;
3.词数150左右。

任务分析
1.该书面表达任务是根据要点写一篇日记，学生首先应该注意日记的正确格式。
2.审题时应注意要点，行文时不可遗漏要点;注意在日记中正确使用时态，在记录当天发生的事情时用一般过去时，在表述看法时用一般现在时或将来时。
3.在遣词造句时尽量使用一些较复杂句型和高级词汇，如定语从句、倒装句、非谓语动词等，以提高文章的档次。

学生习作
Saturday May 25 Fine
Today our class organized an activity called“say no to white garbage， protect our hometown” in Houyi park ，She yang county. As soon as we get to the park， we are divided into three groups.① The first group collected the rubbish such as the wasted ② paper， cigarette ends， and plastic bags and so on. The second group set out③several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees. The last group gave a speech to the visitors on“say no to white garbage， protect our home- town”.
I think the activity is successful and achieve good results. Many people realized that it is very important to protect the environment in our daily lives， and it is our duty to protect our hometown form pollution. We should try our best to make our hometown clean and clear， leaving a blue sky to our next generation.

教师点评
1.错误评析
①“一到公园，我们就被分成三个小组”这里陈述的是过去的事实，因此用一般过去时，应改为“As soon as we got to the park， we were divided into three groups.”

②“废纸”为固定短语，为“waste paper”，waste为形容词，意为“废弃的”，故应当将该词改为“waste”。

③“树立”是固定短语，为“set up”，故应当将该短语换成“set up”。

2.亮点展示

①学生严格按照题目要求完成了该书面表达任务。文章格式正确，第一部分按照时间顺序记录当天的活动安排，第二部分阐述自己的观点，结构合理，层次清晰，语言流畅。

②在遣词造句上，本文能使用非谓语动词、状语从句、主语从句等较复杂结构，灵活使用主动语态和被动语态，显示了较高的英语水平。
巩固练习

假设你是李华，今天你和同学们去购书时发现书店门口的共享单车乱停乱放，影响行人通行，于是你们主动把共享单车摆放整齐。请你用英语写一篇日记，将你们所做的好事记述下来。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 日记的格式已为你写好，但不计入总词数；3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Friday, January 3, 2022                      Fine
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
一、审题定调
写作任务要求写一篇日记，属于应用文。
日记通常由两部分组成，即书端和正文。书端专门用来记录日记的星期、日期和天气情况。通常，正文上方的左边（顶格）是星期和日期，右边是当天的天气情况。
日记的正文是日记的主要部分，本写作任务的正文属于叙事性记叙文。我们可以时间为线索，以事件发生的先后顺序来记叙，最后通过议论来说明自己的感受或从中得到的启示。
日记常用第一人称，当谈及其他对象时可根据实际情况采用相应的人称。由于记载的内容通常已经发生，故多用过去时态。

二、谋篇布局
本篇习作可分为两部分：
第一部分：描述事情发生的起因、经过和结果；
第二部分：说明自己的感受或从中得到的启示。

三、组织语言
第一部分：描述事情发生的起因、经过和结果。
普通表达
高级表达
This morning my classmates and I rode shared bikes to the Xinhua Bookstore to buy some books.
This morning, I, as well as some of my classmates, went to the Xinhua Bookstore to buy some books by shared bikes.
Everyone was excited all the way, and we enjoyed the convenience of the shared bikes.
Enjoying the convenience brought about by the shared bikes, everyone was excited all the way.
However, what we saw at the gate of the bookstore made us awkward.
However, a scene of disorder at the gate of the bookstore attracted our attention.
The shared bikes were placed here and there and they blocked the way of passers-by.
The shared bikes were parked here and there, which blocked the way of passers-by.
One of my classmates suggested placing them in order, so we started working at once.
One of my classmates proposed placing them in order, so we got down to work immediately.
第二部分：说明自己的感受或从中得到的启示。
普通表达
高级表达
When we saw the bikes in order, we all felt glad.
Seeing the tidily arranged bikes, we all felt delighted.



范文
普通范文
Friday, January 3, 2020                                                        Fine
This morning my classmates and I rode shared bikes to the Xinhua Bookstore to buy some books. Everyone was excited all the way, and we enjoyed the convenience of the shared bikes.  However, what we saw at the gate of the bookstore made us awkward. The shared bikes were placed here and there and they blocked the way of passers-by. One of my classmates suggested placing them in order, so we started working at once.
When we saw the bikes in order, we all felt glad.
高级范文
Friday, January 3, 2020                                                        Fine
This morning, I, as well as some of my classmates, went to the Xinhua Bookstore to buy some books by shared bikes. Enjoying the convenience brought about by the shared bikes, everyone was excited all the way. However, a scene of disorder at the gate of the bookstore attracted our attention. The shared bikes were parked here and there, which blocked the way of passers-by. One of my classmates proposed placing them in order, so we got down to work immediately.
Seeing the tidily arranged bikes, we all felt delighted.

课后练习
（1）
假定你是李华，你正在英国某高中参加你们学校的“交换生项目”，请你用英语写一篇周记，叙述你在新学校第一周的学习生活。内容包括：
1. 学校印象
2. 同学印象
3. 个人感受
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
（2）
2021年12月29日上午，你班学生进行了一次清理海滩的活动。请你根据以下要点写一篇日记：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动过程；
3. 感想或体会。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
December 29, 2020                      Sunny 
This morning, my class conducted an activity of cleaning the beach and protecting the oceans. 
As soon as we arrived there, we were divided into three groups and given relevant tools. The first group helped the workers collect the rubbish such as plastic bags, bottles, waste paper and so on. The second group carried the rubbish to a nearby factory and set up some boards, which reminded visitors not to litter. The rest distributed some leaflets, calling on visitors to protect the oceans. Before leaving, we took some photos to record our green action. Seeing the clean beach, we all had a sense of achievement. 
All of us think that it will be an unforgettable experience. Meanwhile, I feel it is everyone’s duty to protect the environment. 

(3)
假设你是李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请你用英语写一篇日记，将你今天所做的一件好事记述下来，向校报投稿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                

答案
One possible version:
Friday, January 3, 2020                                                        Fine
This morning when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled. It seemed that they were lost. I went up to them and asked how I could help. They told me they were looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, which could take them there directly. They appreciated my help greatly. Before long, the bus came. We waved goodbye to each other.
Seeing them on the bus, I felt a kind of satisfaction.