高中英语高考2022年新高考英语二轮复习 50分阅读限时练3-4

这是一份高中英语高考2022年新高考英语二轮复习 50分阅读限时练3-4，共11页。
限时练三　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·广东六校联考)Training for SavingFirst Aid at Work 3 days ￡279Suitable for people aged 16＋ who might need to provide first aid by responding to a wide range of accidents，injuries and illnesses that they could encounter in their workplace.Ideal for organizations whose needs assessment has identified a requirement for additional first aid training，especially those having employees with a disability or a medical condition.Lunch breaks.The classroom setting.Certificates to issue.AED with Life Support 2 days ￡107A right choice for people over 16 who want to learn how to use an automated external defibrillator (AED)．First aid for unresponsive adults in addition.Currently available at our London，Edinburgh and Reading venues；however，you can organize a training session for a group of up to 15 people at your workplace by requesting a group booking.Certificates valid for three years.First Aid for Teachers Training 1 day ￡50Specially designed for those working in a school environment and wishing to have the first aid skills to act in an emergency.Ideal for teachers and other school staff over 16.First aid skills to help a child who is unresponsive and breathing or not breathing，choking，having an allergic reaction or a head injury.Not qualify the learner to act as a first aider.Fire Marshal Training 4 days ￡364Take this if you are over 16 and responsible for fire safety or appointed fire marshals in the workplace.Come to understand how a fire starts and spreads；how to assess and manage these risks；and how to use firefighting equipment.You must be physically able to carry out the practical elements of the course.Role－play.Classroom environment.Certificates.【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个救助培训课程：First Aid at Work，AED with Life Support，First Aid for Teachers Training，Fire Marshal Training，以及课程的价格、适合的人群和特点等。1．What can be learnt in the course AED with Life Support?A．Steps to deal with massive injuries.B．The process of preventing a terrible fire.C．Operation of certain medical equipment.D．Treatment for an adult’s mental problems.答案　C　[推理判断题。根据AED with Life Support中的“who want to learn how to use an automated external defibrillator (AED)”并结合常识可知，AED是一种医疗设备。]2．Which course costs the most per day?A．First Aid at Work.B．AED with Life Support.C．First Aid for Teachers Training.D．Fire Marshal Training.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据每一个项目的持续时间和价格可知，First Aid at Work每天的价格是279÷3＝93英镑； AED with Life Support 每天的价格是107÷2＝53.5英镑；First Aid for Teachers Training每天的价格是50英镑；Fire Marshal Training每天的价格是364÷4＝91英镑。故First Aid at Work每天的费用最高。]3．What do the four courses have in common?A．Providing certificates for trainees.B．Having the same requirement for age.C．Offering a discount for a group booking.D．Taking more than one day for people to complete.答案　B　[细节理解题。根据First Aid at Work中的“Suitable for people aged 16＋”，AED with Life Support中的“A right choice for people over 16”，First Aid for Teachers Training 中的“Ideal for teachers and other school staff over 16”，Fire Marshal Training 中的“Take this if you are over 16”可知，这四个课程学习者的年龄都须在16岁以上。]B(2021·南昌市一模)Cecilia Chiang，whose San Francisco restaurant，the Mandarin，introduced American diners in the 1960s to the richness and variety of authentic Chinese cuisine，died on Wednesday at her home in San Francisco.Ms.Chiang was not a chef，nor was she a likely candidate to run a restaurant.She was born near Shanghai in 1920 as the seventh daughter in a wealthy family.After her parents died，Cecilia managed the businesses’ finances while still in her teens.Ms.Chiang came to the United States from China to flee the Japanese during World War Ⅱ，traveling nearly 700 miles on foot.Once in San Francisco，she met two Chinese acquaintances who wanted to open a restaurant.Ms.Chiang agreed to put up large funds.But when the two women quit，Ms.Chiang found to her horror that the funds were not refundable (可退还的)．She took a deep breath and decided to open the restaurant herself.“I began to think that if I could create a restaurant with Western－style service and the dishes that I was most familiar with—the delicious food of China—maybe my little restaurant would succeed，”she wrote in her book.The Mandarin，which was opened in 1962 as a 65－seat restaurant，introduced customers to mainly Sichuan，Shanghai and Canton dishes.The early days were difficult.But little by little，Chinese diners，and a few Americans，came regularly.Overnight the tables were filled and the restaurant became a huge success.Ms.Chiang continued to work as a restaurant consultant into her 90s.“I think I changed what average people know about Chinese food，”Ms.Chiang wrote.“They didn’t know China was such a big country.”【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了江孙芸女士艰苦创业，在美国开办中餐厅的故事。4．When did Ms.Chiang start to manage the businesses’ finances?A．In the 1920s. B．In the 1930s.C．In the 1950s. D．In the 1960s.答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was born near Shanghai in 1920...Cecilia managed the businesses’ finances while still in her teens.”可知，江孙芸女士出生于1920年，在十几岁时就开始管理公司的财务。据此可知，她在20世纪30年代开始管理公司财务。]5．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．When Ms.Chiang came to the US.B．How Ms.Chiang earned her deposit.C．What Ms.Chiang wrote in her book.D．Why Ms.Chiang opened her restaurant.答案　D　[段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段主要讲述了她开餐馆的原因：她为躲避战乱从中国来到美国，遇到了两个想开餐馆的中国熟人。在提供了大量资金后，两名合伙人放弃了，于是她决定自己开餐馆。]6．What do we know about The Mandarin?A．It survived the early hardships.B．It provided all kinds of Chinese dishes.C．It could seat less than 60 people at first.D．It attracted many Americans once opened.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The early days were difficult...a huge success.”可知，创办初期The Mandarin的处境艰难，但逐渐吸引了中国和美国顾客的光顾，最后成功了；据此可知，The Mandarin度过了最初的困难时期。]7．Which of the following can best describe Ms.Chiang?A．Smart but stubborn.B．Devoted and brave.C．Adventurous but careless.D．Enthusiastic and ambitious.答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ms.Chiang agreed to...open the restaurant herself.”可知，当她发现资金无法退还时，她决定自己开办餐馆，据此可推知，她是一个勇敢的人；结合第五段首句可知，直到九十多岁，她还充当餐馆顾问，据此可以推知，她是一个专注的人。]C(2021·湖北八校高三第一次联考)For many years，school children in the US have been taken on “field trips” to cultural institutions such as museums of art.Educators arrange them in the belief that schools exist not only to teach economically useful skills，but also to produce civilized young people who appreciate art and culture.While there are parents who will take their children to cultural places in their free time，there are plenty of other children who will never have this kind of opportunity unless schools offer it.So you could say that taking school students on field trips is a means of giving everyone equal access to their cultural heritage.However，the attitude towards field trips in recent years is changing，with the number of tours organized for school groups falling significantly in museums all around the country.The most obvious reason is the issue of finance.Because there are increasing demands on their funds，after all，computers and sports facilities aren’t cheap，schools are forced to make a difficult choice about how to spend the limited money they have.Faced with this dilemma，field trips are an obvious thing to cut since they are seen by many as a luxury.Additionally，the nature of these field days is also changing.Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity for cultural learning.This__shift could have a basis in generational differences between teachers’ reasons for organizing days out of school.A recent survey conducted among 500 Arkansas teachers showed that older teachers were significantly more likely to take the primary purpose of a field trip as a learning experience than younger teachers，who view it as fun.Some evidence shows the trend of fewer trips may have a negative effect on children’s development.Research led by Jay Greene at University of Arkansas found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowledge of art and the ability to think critically about art.They also displayed stronger historical interest and were more likely to visit cultural places in the future.The researchers warn that if schools cut field trips or switch to less educational destinations，valuable opportunities to broaden and enrich children’s learning experiences are lost.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国的学生被带到艺术博物馆等文化机构进行“实地考察”给学生带来的好处及这些活动减少的原因。8．What is the initial purpose of field trips to cultural institutions?A．To teach students useful skills in economics.B．To make every student exposed to art and culture.C．To educate students to preserve cultural heritage.D．To encourage parents to take their children there.答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Educators arrange them...to their cultural heritage.”可知，学校组织学生去文化机构实地考察是为了让每个学生都能体验艺术和文化。]9．Which factor most probably leads to the trend of fewer field trips?A．The drop in school funds.B．Students’ demand for fun.C．The dilemma of school finance.D．Teachers’ generational differences.答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The most obvious reason is the issue of finance”可知，造成实地考察减少这一趋势的最明显的原因是学校的资金问题。]10．What does the underlined phrase “This shift” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．The switch from old generations to young generations.B．The switch from sporting events to cultural experiences.C．The change from an opportunity to learn to a treat to entertain.D．The change from educational destinations to luxurious attractions.答案　C　[词块猜测题。根据第三段第二句可知，学校越来越多地利用这些出行去游乐园或参加体育比赛，当作是给学生的一种乐趣，而不是把这些出行当作学习文化的机会。结合下句中的主语“This shift”可知，这种转变是指“从学习文化的机会到娱乐的享受”。]11．What can be inferred about field trips from the research by Jay Greene?A．Students are rewarded with more cultural awareness.B．Amusement parks enrich children’s learning experiences.C．Cutting field trips is critical to the future of the museum.D．Field trips guarantee better future academic performance.答案　A　[推理判断题。根据尾段“Research led by...cultural places in the future.”可推知，杰伊·格林所做的研究表明实地考察提高了学生的文化意识。]D(2021·郑州市第一次质量预测)When making choices，people assume that they pick what they like.However，research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it.In other words，we dislike things we don’t choose.And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.In an experiment，US researchers brought several 10－to 20－month－old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with.They set each block far apart，so the babies had to crawl (爬) to one or the other—a random choice.After the baby chose one of the toys，the researchers took it away and came back with a new option.The babies could then pick either the toy they didn’t play with before，or a brand new toy.It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.In follow－up experiments，when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with，the phenomenon disappeared.“As if they were saying，‘Hmm，I didn’t choose that object last time，because I guess I didn’t like it very much.’，”said Lisa Feigenson，co－author of the study.This is a very important phenomenon in life，Feigenson noted.Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose，even if they had no real preference in the first place.It looks like babies do just the same.It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options.The random choices might become our preferences.“They are really not choosing based on what they prefer，”said Alex Silver，co－author of the study.These new findings explain why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things.Justifying (证明有道理) choices is somehow fundamental to the human experience.“I chose this，so I must like it.I didn’t choose this other thing，so it can not be so good.Adults make these inferences unconsciously，”Feigenson said.Such a tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day，between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.Next，researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。12．What is the purpose of the experiments?A．To test whether people choose what they like.B．To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.C．To explain how babies and adults make choices differently.D．To study if too many choices could create problems for people.答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However，research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it”可推知，这些实验的目的是测试人们是否选择了他们喜欢的东西。]13．What can be learned from the experiments?A．Babies prefer bright and colorful toys.B．Babies’ preference largely affects their choices.C．Babies prefer adults to help them make choices.D．Babies’ previous random choices affect their preference.答案　D　[推理判断题。第一段提到我们喜欢某种东西，完全是因为我们选择了它；又根据第二、三段内容可知，婴儿会根据之前的选择而选择玩新玩具而不是选择玩之前没有选择的玩具。由此可推知，婴儿之前的随机选择影响了他们的偏好。]14．Why are the new findings important in life?A．They entirely change our attitude to our choices.B．They help us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.C．They promote the relationship between adults and babies.D．They help us understand our unconscious preference for choices.答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第七、八段内容可知，这些新发现解释了为什么成年人在同样的物品中作选择时会有无意识的偏好。而对于生活在一种消费文化中每天要作出那么多选择的我们来说，这样的一种倾向是明智的。由此可推知，这些新发现对于我们的生活重要是因为它们有助于我们理解对选择的无意识的偏好。]15．What can be the best title for the text?A．Babies like what they chooseB．Random choices matterC．Too many choices puzzle the adultsD．Preference affects the choice答案　B　[标题归纳题。本文围绕“做选择和喜欢的关系的实验”展开，通过实验说明随机选择可能成为我们的偏好，并表述这也就解释了为什么成年人在同样的物品中作选择时会有无意识的偏好。文章还阐述了这种倾向的意义。故B项(随机选择是重要的)作本文标题最佳。]Ⅱ.七选五(2021·杭州第二次诊断) Scientists don’t know yet whether cell phones are bad for the brain.__1__ In the experiment，the 47 participants may have looked a  little strange.Each of them had two Samsung cell phones tied to his or her head—one on each ear.__2__ The phone on the right ear played a message for 50 minutes，but the participants couldn’t hear it because the sound was off.After 50 minutes with two phone attached to their heads，the participants were given PET scans.The PET scan is a way to take a three－dimensional picture of how the inside of the bodyworks.The PET scan showed that the left side of each participant’s brain hadn’t changed from the way it was before the experiment.__3__These right－side brain cells were using almost as much glucose as the brain uses when a person is talking.This suggests that brain cells there were active even without the person hearing or talking anything.This activity，the scientists say，was probably touched off by radiation (辐射) from the phone.__4__They release different amounts of radiation depending on whether a person is talking or listening，the type of phone，the number of people using phones nearby，and the distance to the nearest cell phones tower.All of these changes make it difficult to collect evidence about any health risks of cell phones，since exposure to radiation can vary.So for those who don’t want to wait to find out for sure whether cell phones are bad for the brain，there are ways to talk more safely.__5__A．The phone on the left ear was off.B．So an experiment  was done to attempt to find it out.C．People should avoid having a long conversation by using cell phones.D．cell phones do not always give out the same amount of energy.E．You can have short conversations，use a speakerphone to keep the phone away from your head.F．The right side of the brain，however，had used more glucose，which provided fuel to brain cells.G．From the PET scan the differences between the two sides of the brain were observed.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。研究表明，贴耳通话50分钟会增加耳朵附近脑部区域血糖的新陈代谢频率，从而加速脑部区域葡萄糖的消耗，所以那些喜欢贴耳通话很长时间的人士需要注意这一点。1．B　[考查上下文衔接。空格前讲科学家们至今还不知道手机是否对大脑有不良影响。B项“因此(科学家们)做了一项实验试图去找出答案”承接上文，符合语境。]2．A　[考查上下文衔接。空格前讲参与实验的人的两只耳朵上都固定了一部三星手机；空格后讲右耳处的手机播放了时长50分钟的消息。A项“左耳处的手机处于关机状态”承上启下，符合语境。]3．F　[考查上下文衔接。空格前讲PET扫描结果显示，与实验前相比，参与者左耳附近的脑部区域并未发生任何变化。F项“但是参与者右耳附近的脑部区域所消耗的葡萄糖要更多一些，葡萄糖为脑细胞提供了能量”承接上文，符合语境。]4．D　[考查上下文衔接。空格后讲它们(手机)释放辐射的多少取决于一个人是在讲话还是在倾听、手机的类型、附近使用手机的人数以及到最近的手机信号塔的距离。D项“手机释放出的能量并不是一成不变的”引出下文，符合语境。]5．E　[考查上下文衔接。空格前讲对于那些不想等待来确定手机是否对大脑有不良影响的人来说，有一些方法可以让手机上的谈话更加安全。E项“你可以让(手机上的)谈话简短一些，还可以通过打开免提(的方式)来让手机离头部远一些”承接上文，符合语境。]