高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit5Music练习含解析新人教版必修

Unit 5　Music

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

When asked about her childhood in the documentary Alive Inside,a 90-year-old woman with dementia (痴呆) replies,“I’ve forgotten so much.” Filmmaker Michael Rossato-Bennett then plays music from her past for her.“That’s Louis Armstrong,”she says.“He’s singing When the Saints Go Marching In and it takes me back to my school days.” She then recalls exact details from her life.

Why does it happen?Music tends to accompany events that arouse emotions or otherwise make strong impressions on us—such as weddings and graduations.These kinds of experiences form strong memories,and the music and memories likely become intertwined (紧密相联) in our neural(神经的) networks,according to Julene Johnson,a professor at the University of California.Movements,such as dancing,also often pair with our experience of music,which can help form memories.Even many years later,hearing the music can bring back memories of these long-past events.

As Alive Inside shows,music has this power even for many people with dementia.Researchers note that the brain areas that process and remember music are typically less damaged by dementia than other areas,and they think it may explain the phenomenon.

They also pay attention to elderly people with dementia,especially those in nursing homes.“It’s possible those long-term memories are still there,” Johnson says,“but people just have a harder time accessing them because they’re in a strange place and there’re not a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories.”

Johnson also notes that music is not universally useful for all people with dementia since there are some people with dementia whose brain area that recognizes music is damaged.

Despite music’s apparent benefits,few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia.“It’s really an untapped area,” Johnson says.Petr Janata is one researcher investigating the topic of music and memory.He says that scientists still do not have the answers for why and how music reawakens memories in people with dementia,but this phenomenon is real and it’s just a matter of time before it’s fully borne out by scientific research.

1.What helps the old woman in Alive Inside recall her childhood?

A.A film she has watched before.     B.A song she has listened to before.

C.The voice of her childhood friend. D.The description of her school days.

2.What benefit of music is discussed in Paragraph 2?

A.It helps make lasting memories. 

B.It helps cure patients of dementia.

C.It helps arouse emotions in special events. 

D.It helps remember dance movements easily.

3.According to Johnson,what should we do for elderly people with dementia?

A.Send them to nursing homes for good care.

B.Provide familiar environments for them.

C.Play lots of classical music to them. 

D.Talk to them about their past.

4.What do we know about the study into music and memory recall in people with dementia?

A.It is criticized by Petr Janata.     B.It is a ground-breaking study.

C.It is supported by solid evidence. D.It applies to all people with dementia.

语篇解读:本文是说明文。研究表明音乐对唤醒痴呆病人的记忆十分有用。

答案及剖析:

1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的plays music from her past for her.“That’s Louis Armstrong,” she says ...She then recalls exact details from her life.可知,这位老人的记忆是被她过去听过的一首歌唤醒的。

2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的form strong memories及...help form memories.Even many years later,hearing the music can bring back memories of these long-past events.可知,本段主要讨论了音乐可以帮助人们形成深刻的记忆,多年后都可能被唤醒。

3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的they’re in a strange place and there’re not a lot of circumstances in which someone could pull out those memories可知,如果患有痴呆症的老人住在养老院的话,由于处在不熟悉的环境中,他们很难恢复记忆,因此我们应该给这些老人提供熟悉的环境,以便唤醒他们失去的记忆。

4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的few studies have explored its influence on memory recall in people with dementia.“It’s really an untapped area,”可知,关于音乐唤醒痴呆病人记忆功效的研究是项开创性的研究。

B

(21世纪报高三第27期)

Does your school have any problems with discipline?What happens when students step out of line?Here are some examples of bad behaviour:

•Playing truant (missing school without permission from parents).

•Stealing,smoking,hitting,swearing(说脏话),running,kissing.

•Cheating in exams.

•Calling a teacher or another pupil bad names.

•Not doing homework.

•Not listening or not paying attention in lessons.

•Wearing unsuitable clothes.

　　Here are some of the ways that UK school children can be punished:

•Exclusion:a pupil is asked to leave the school and not come back.The pupil has to find a new school or a different method of education.

•Suspension:a pupil cannot enter the building or attend lessons until the school has a meeting about their situation.Suspension can last from one to 45 days.The pupil is usually given work to do at home with a special teacher.

•Detention:a pupil is asked to stay after school and work for 30-60 minutes before they can leave.

•Lines:a pupil has to write a sentence many times (eg.100 or more) on a sheet of paper,eg.“I must not shout in class”.

Freya MacDonald,a 15-year-old pupil from Scotland,made the news when she refused to accept her school’s punishment.Her family says that she was given 11 detentions for trivial things such as having fizzy drinks(气泡饮料) in class and coming into school through a fire door.

Freya says that repeated detentions disrupted her right to an education under Scottish law and made it difficult for her to learn.She refused to return until the school respected her civil rights.She wants the headmaster and her teachers to sign a letter to promise this.Hundreds of schools in Scotland were told not to use detention as a punishment because of her legal action.

Many UK schools now give parents a home/school contract,explaining their discipline and rules.Parents must sign this document to agree that they accept the school’s rules and discipline and that they are responsible for their child’s behaviour.

5.What is the article mainly about?

A.How UK schools have reformed their rules.

B.How UK schools discipline and punish students.

C.Common types of bad behavior in UK schools.

D.Why Freya MacDonald protested against detention.　

6.If a student is suspended from a UK school,it means that he or she 　　　. 

A.will be asked to drop out of the school

B.will be permitted to study at home for up to 60 days

C.will have to be absent from school for a certain amount of time

D.will be given the most serious punishment at school

7.What did Freya do after the school gave her repeated detentions?

A.She didn’t admit that she had done anything wrong.

B.She used the law to argue for her right to an education.

C.She asked her parents to talk her teachers into cancelling the punishment.

D.She forced her teachers to sign a letter agreeing to respect her civil rights.

8.According to the article,the home/school contract many UK schools give parents is used to 　　　. 

A.push parents to show more care to their children

B.help parents learn more about their children’s performance at school

C.remind parents that it’s their duty to teach their children school rules

D.make parents show their recognition of the school rules

语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在英国的学校学生违反纪律所受的惩罚。

答案及剖析:

5.B　主旨大意题。根据文章中的黑体部分可知,本文主要讲了英国学校是如何约束和惩罚学生的。

6.C　细节理解题。文中Suspension中的Suspension can last from one to 45 days.以及a pupil cannot enter the building or attend lessons可知,此题应选C。

7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段尤其是第一句可知,她用法律手段捍卫自己受教育的    权利。

8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Parents must sign this document to agree that they accept the school’s rules”可知,此题应选D。

Ⅱ.语法填空(2018安徽安庆高三二模)

China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years.Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice(冬至), especially those 1.　　　　 live in the north. 

When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down.In this period,2.　　　　eaten in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for one’s body. 

People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province,3.　　　　(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter. 

According to an old story, during the midwinter feast 2, 500 years ago, the King of Wu 4.　　　(feed) up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 5.　　　　(variety) things.Then, the beauty Xishi made wontons to honor the king’s wish.He ate a lot and liked the food very much.Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival 6.　　　　(official). 

In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling ball 7.　　　　(produce)with sticky rice flour (粉).In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”.On that day, it is customary for people there to eat mutton soup and the dumplings in it.They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”, which they usually share with their 8.　　　　(relative). 

People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing nine-layer cakes 9.　　　　their ancestors.People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages.After 10.　　　　(hold)the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner. 

答案及剖析:

1.who　考查定语从句。此处those作先行词,指人,后面的定语从句缺少作主语的引导词。

2.if　考查状语从句的连接词。 上下文的关系是条件关系。

3.are　考查时态及主谓一致。此处叙述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时态,主语是people(集体名词),后面的谓语动词用复数形式are。

4.was fed　考查时态和语态。 根据2, 500 years ago可知句子用一般过去时态,且the King of Wu和feed之间是被动关系,故此处是一般过去时态的被动语态,主语是单数第三人称,故用was。

5.various　考查形容词。形容词修饰名词,故答案为various各种各样的。

6.officially　考查副词。副词修饰动词,故答案为officially。

7.produced　 考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语,故答案为produced。

8.relatives　考查名词复数。根据句意可知,此处用名词的复数形式,故答案为relatives。

9.for　考查介词。固定搭配:provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb.提供给某人某物,故答案为for。

10.holding　考查非谓语动词。After doing sth.做某事之后,故答案为holding。

Ⅲ.书面表达(2018高三英语周报)

假定你是李华,本周四晚上周杰伦要来你所在的城市演出,恰好你的朋友Jay是他的粉丝,请你根据以下要点给Jay写一封信:

1.告知他这一消息;

2.周杰伦演唱《青花瓷》;

3.约定出发时间和地点。

注意:1.词数:100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

One possible version:

Dear Jay,

How is everything going?I am writing to inform you of the good news that Jay Chou plans to hold a concert in our city this Thursday evening.Knowing that you are also a big fan of his music,I’m sure you won’t miss it.What’s more,as is reported,some of his classical works will be performed that evening,including Blue and White Porcelain.

Taking the traffic into consideration,we’d better meet at 5:30 pm at our school gate so as to arrive earlier to get the front seats.There is no need to worry about the tickets since I have booked them online already.

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua