高中英语高考M5 Unit 3 Science and nature(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)

这是一份高中英语高考M5 Unit 3 Science and nature(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(解析)，共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
M5 Unit 3 Science and nature(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·陕西咸阳中学高三月考) For years, I was in the rat race, my sense of wonder lost. Gardening was my antidote(解毒药). It gave me time to stop, listen and absorb all the little details that nature has to offer—nurturing the earth, plants and myself to fight against the aggression and tiredness of everyday working life.I quit my job and had a vision for my company. I wanted others to find the comfort that my garden gave me. Now, I watch my clients experience their own transformations. A corner that was once an unwelcoming place of weeds is a child's play area; a lonely person has an inspiring, evolving view.Gardening requires us to be present in the moment, while also imagining the future. You may see a beautiful flower and surprise for a minute at the magic of nature. Some flowers last for a day, others for a season. Some come back year after year. Seasons pass and you become connected to the changes in life in a deeper, more spiritual way. This builds acceptance.Where there once may have been beauty, there might now be an empty space and a deep sense of sadness... But gardening brings hope—we can create something beautiful again and that space will no longer be bare. Hope is one of many emotions stirred by gardening. Whether you're growing vegetables to eat, planting tiny seeds or tending flowers, there is always a great sense of satisfaction at the end of a session. How you choose to garden is deeply personal to you—it’s about creating something fruitful, alone or with others .The key is to have a vision, ideas and bright hopes for the future.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了作者通过园艺接近大自然，放松工作和日常生活的压力，感受大自然的美，同时带给了作者极大的精神力量。1.What does the author benefit from gardening?A. It helps to develop a take-it-as-it-is attitude. B. It relieves anxiety about losing the job.C. It releases her loneliness and depression.  D. It teaches her a lot of sowing knowledge.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Some flowers last for a day, others for a season. Some come back year after year. Seasons pass and you become connected to the changes in life in a deeper, more spiritual way. This builds acceptance.(有些花能开一天，有些花能开一个季节。有些人年复一年地回来。随着季节的流逝，你将以一种更深刻、更精神的方式与生活中的变化联系起来。这会让人接受)”可知，春生夏长，秋收冬藏，此天道之大经也，通过园艺作者学会接受生命的变化，大自然的一切。故园艺有助于培养一种接受现状的态度。故选A项。2.What can we infer about gardening according to the author?A. It’s beautiful.   B. It’s rewarding  C. It’s depressing  D. It’s cooperative.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“there is always a great sense of satisfaction at the end of a session(在课程结束时都会有一种极大的满足感)”以及“it's about creating something fruitful, alone or with others(它是关于创造一些富有成效的东西，无论是单独还是与他人一起)”可知，园艺总会带来丰硕果实，带给人们满足感和希望。故选B项。3.What is the best title?A. Gardening for Fun      B. A Sense of Wonder C. Sowing Seeds of Hope      D. A Vision for the Future【答案】C【解析】标题判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“But gardening brings hope—we can create something beautiful again and that space will no longer be bare.(但园艺给我们带来了希望，我们可以再次创造一些美丽的东西，空间将不再是空旷的)”可知，园艺播种希望的种子。故选C项。B(2021·全国高三二模) Many black-footed ferrets(雪貂) once lived in the American West. They live mainly on the prairie dogs(土拨鼠). But when farmers began killing off prairie dogs, lots of them died, too. Additionally, the environment in which they lived was destroyed. By the 1970s, most experts believed that black-footed ferrets no longer existed. Then, in 1981, a group of them were found in Wyoming, but they were suddenly hit by an unknown disease in the mid-1980s, and their population decreased to just 18. The US Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) caught all of them and tried to protect them. All but seven died.Currently, there’re between 400 and 500 ferrets remaining. But all of them are related to the seven animals rescued from Wyoming except Elizabeth Ann.Normally, the DNA of the animals gets mixed up when different pairs of animals have babies. The small differences in their DNA can help protect the group as a whole. Because all living black-footed ferrets are closely related, they all have similar weaknesses. But Elizabeth Ann is cloned from an animal that died in the 1980s, so her DNA is very different. When this DNA is mixed back in, future black-footed ferrets will be healthier in general.In the 1980s, the DNA from a ferret named Willa was stored in the “Frozen Zoo” run by San Diego Zoo Global. Hopefully, cloning would allow black-footed ferrets to return to the wild. The idea of cloning was understood, but it was hard to carry out for many animals. The matter was left hanging in the air. But in 1996, a scientist cloned a sheep, called “Dolly”. Since then, many other animals have also been cloned. The USFWS has been talking about cloning black-footed ferrets since 2013. In 2018, they finally gave a group called Revive & Restore permission to try it.On December 10, 2020, Elizabeth Ann was born. Blood tests have proven her to be 100% black-footed ferret.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。科学家利用一只死于30多年前的黑足雪貂的DNA，克隆出了一只健康的黑足雪貂伊丽莎白·安。他们希望通过克隆提高这些濒危雪貂的生存机会。4.What was the main cause of black-footed ferrets’ almost dying out by the 1970s?A. They were short of food.     B. They were killed by farmers.C. They lost their living places.     D. They suffered from a bad disease.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句“They live mainly on the prairie dogs(土拨鼠). But when farmers began killing off prairie dogs, lots of them died, too.”(它们主要以草原土拨鼠为食。但是当农民开始捕杀土拨鼠时，很多土拨鼠也死了。)可知，由于大量的土拨鼠被杀，黑足雪貂失去了食物来源而死亡。故选A。5.What does Paragraph 3 focus on about cloning Elizabeth Ann?A. The effective method.      B. The great significance.C. The different types.      D. The potential risk.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段最后两句“But Elizabeth Ann is cloned from an animal that died in the 1980s, so her DNA is very different. When this DNA is mixed back in, future black-footed ferrets will be healthier in general.”(但是伊丽莎白·安是从20世纪80年代死去的动物身上克隆出来的，所以她的DNA非常不同。当这种DNA被重新混合进来时，未来的黑足雪貂总体上将会更健康)可知，本段主要在谈克隆伊丽莎白·安的意义所在。故选B。6.What does the underlined phrase “hanging in the air” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Unexpected.   B. Unconcerned.  C. Unresolved.  D. Unexposed.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句“The idea of cloning was understood, but it was hard to carry out for many animals. ”(克隆的想法是可以理解的，但很难对许多动物实施)可知，此处是指这件事无法解决。所以hanging in the air的意思是“悬而未决”。故选C。7.What is the passage mainly about?A. A new cloning age is coming.    B. An endangered species survived by cloning.C. The research of ferrets’ DNA was conducted. D. The truth of the extinction of the ferrets was revealed.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了黑足雪貂的濒危状态，第二段讲述世界上现存的雪貂数量，其中伊丽莎白·安和被救的七只雪貂无关，第三段讲述了克隆伊丽莎白·安的意义所在，第四段讲述了克隆技术可能会让黑足雪貂重返野外和克隆技术的进程，最后一段讲述了伊丽莎白·安被成功克隆出来。所以文章主要是讲黑足雪貂这种濒临灭绝的物种靠克隆活了下来。故选B。C(2021·全国高三模拟) Few things have caused as much controversy as genetically modified(转基因)foods. A 2018 research center found that 49% of Americans think foods containing GM ingredients(成分)are worse for one's health than natural foods. Slightly fewer people, 44%, believe foods with GM ingredients are neither better nor worse for one's health. Only 5% say GM foods are better for one's health. The center thus reveals a nearly 50-50 split among Americans as to whether GM foods are harmful or not.Whatever they may believe about GM foods, they have nearly been consumed everywhere in America. About 90% of all crops, such as corn, are genetically modified. One or more of these ingredients goes into nearly all of the food products processed in the U. S.In America, all GM foods must be approved by the Food and Drug Administration(FDA), which requires careful assessment. GM foods can result in an improvement of a food's appearance or taste; some GM foods mature faster and are slower to rot. So, why do half of Americans believe foods containing GM ingredients are worse? One reason is the increased interest in natural and organic foods. Another is that the long-term effects of eating GM foods, which were only introduced about 20 years ago, are unknown.The scientific consensus, based on many studies, is that GM foods are not dangerous to human health. The American Dietetic Association argues that GM foods can even be healthier for you. The World Health Organization(WHO)states that. “GM foods currently available on the market have passed safety assessments and are not likely to present risks for human health”.Food safety organizations want to express that GM foods are safe, but until long-term studies are possible, many people will remain skeptical.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们以及科学界对于转基因食物的争议。8.Why does the author mention the study in the beginning?A. To define GM foods.      B. To introduce a topic.C. To express an opinion.      D. To provide evidence.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容Few things have caused as much controversy as genetically modified(转基因)foods….The center thus reveals a nearly 50-50 split among Americans as to whether GM foods are harmful or not.(很少有什么能像转基因食品那样引起如此大的争议。2018年的一个研究中心发现，49%的美国人认为含有转基因成分的食品比天然食品更有害健康。略少一些的人(44%)认为含有转基因成分的食物对健康既没有好处也没有坏处。只有5%的人认为转基因食品对健康更有益。因此，该中心揭示，在美国人中，关于转基因食品是否有害的意见几乎是一半对一半。)可知，本段介绍了一项关于人们对转基因食物是否对人体健康有害的观点的调研，目的是通过介绍人们对于转基因食物的观点来引出本文的主题。故选B。9.What carp we infer about GM foods?A. They taste better but ripe slower.    B. It’s hard to avoid them in daily life.C. They differ greatly from natural foods.   D. It's easy to determine whether they're safe.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Whatever they may believe about GM foods, they have nearly been consumed everywhere in America. About 90% of all crops, such as corn, are genetically modified. One or more of these ingredients goes into nearly all of the food products processed in the U.S.”(不管他们对转基因食品的看法如何，它们几乎已经在美国各地被消费。大约90%的农作物，如玉米，是转基因的。在美国加工的几乎所有食品中都含有一种或多种这类成分)由此可推知，在日常生活中很难避免转基因食物。故选B。10.Why do nearly 50% of Americans believe GM foods are worse?A. The long-term influence of GM foods isn’t clear.B. Organic foods are healthier than GM foods.C. WHO believes that GM foods rather risky for health.D. The figures of the studies may he inaccurate.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Another is that the long-term effects of eating GM foods, which were only introduced about 20 years ago, are unknown.”(另一个原因是，食用转基因食品的长期影响尚不清楚，这种食品大约在20年前才被引入)由此可知，几乎50%的美国人都认为转基因食物不好是因为它们的长期影响还不清楚。故选A。11.What’s the author’s attitude towards GM foods?A. Approving.   B. Skeptical.   C. Objective.   D. Indifferent.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。通读全文内容尤其是最后一段“Food safety organizations want to express that GM foods are safe, but until long-term studies are possible, many people will remain skeptical.”(食品安全组织希望表达转基因食品是安全的，但在可能进行长期研究之前，许多人仍将持怀疑态度。)可知，作者客观地介绍了当今各个组织以及人们对于转基因食物的看法，并未明确说明自己的观点。由此可推知，作者对于转基因食物的态度是客观的。故选C。D(2021·上海浦东新区高三模拟) On the occasional clear-frost autumn night, I was hiking through the dark forest with my GMO wolf. Yes, my best friend is a genetically modified organism(转基因生物), deliberate selection has produced the blunt-toothed, small-pawed wonder that walks by my side.Our world is changing rapidly. In the last five decades, global population has fully doubled, with 3.7 billion hungry mouths added to our planet. During this same time span, the amount of land suitable for agriculture has increased by only 5%. Miraculously, this did not result in the great global famine one might have predicted.How do scientists modify a plant so that it makes more food than its parents did? We could treat each harvest like a litter of wolf pups and select only plants bearing the fattest, richest seeds for the next season. This was the method our ancestors used to engineer rice, com and wheat from the wild grasses they encountered.During my childhood, advances in genetic technologies allowed scientists to identify and clone the genes responsible for repressing stem growth, leading to shorter, stronger stalks that could bear more seed—the high-yield crops that feed us today. The 21st century has brought with it a marvelous new set of high-tech tools with which to further quicken the process of artificial selection. Plant geneticists can now directly edit out or edit in sections of DNA using molecular scissors.We can minimize a plant’s weaknesses while adding to its strengths, and we don’t have to wait for seasons to pass to test the result.It is the transformative potential of these techniques to quickly supply the next-generation crops required for upcoming climate change that has led me to believe in the safety and function of GMO plants in agricultural products. We need more GMO research to feed the world that we are creating.I love the quiet forest that stands between my lab and my home. But I know that as a scientist, I am responsible first to humanity. We must feed, shelter and nurture one another as our first priority, and to do so, we must take advantage of our best technologies, which have always included some type of genetic modification. We must continue as before, nourishing the future as we feed ourselves, and each year plant only the very best of what we have collectively engineered. I keep the faith of my ancestors each night when I walk through the forest to my lab, and my GMO wolf does the same when she guards my way home.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喂养后代的转基因食物工程。12.Why does the author mention the wolf in the 1st paragraph?A. To advise people to keep wolves as pets.B. To persuade readers to welcome the new technology.C. To change people’s attitude towards wolves.D. To introduce a technology used to humans’ advantage.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“Yes, my best friend is a genetically modified organism (转基因生物), deliberate selection has produced the blunt-toothed, small-pawed wonder that walks by my side.(是的，我最好的朋友是一个转基因生物，刻意的选择产生了一个钝牙小爪子的怪物走在我身边)”可知，转基因狼成了作者的宠物，并陪伴在其身边，因此作者在第一段提到狼是为了引入对人类有好处的转基因生物，即介绍一种用于人类利益的技术。故选D项。13.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. GMO technology will help weatherproof future crops.B. With GMO technology, famine has been eliminated.C. Artificial selections make high-yield plants possible.D. The author believes technology should contribute to future generations.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Miraculously, this did not result in the great global famine (饥荒) one might have predicted.(神奇的是，这并没有导致人们可能会预测到的全球大饥荒)”可知，转基因技术没有出现人们预测的大饥荒，但是也并没有消灭饥荒。故选B项。14.What can be learned about modifying a plant?A. It takes scientists seasons to know whether their selection is correct.B. One way for ancestors to change a plant was to clone some genes.C. Modem techniques help speed up the artificial selection by altering DNA. D. The general public show strong faith in GMO plants, n【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“The 21st century has brought with it a marvelous new set of high-tech tools with which to further quicken the process of artificial selection.(21世纪带来了一系列令人惊叹的新高科技工具，这些工具进一步加速了人工选择的过程)”可知，现代技术通过改变DNA来加速人工选择。故选C项。15.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. GMO Technology—Turning Wolves into the Best PetsB. Engineered Food—Feeding Future GenerationsC. Engineered Food—To Be or Not To BeD. GMO Technology—A Driving Force in World Peace【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“We must continue as before, nourishing the future as we feed ourselves, and each year plant only the very best of what we have collectively engineered.(我们必须继续像以前一样，在养活自己的同时滋养未来，每年只种植我们共同设计出来的最好的东西)”可知，文章主要介绍的了转基因粮食对供养不断增加的人口的好处，即文章主要介绍了对未来喂养后代的转基因食物工程。故选B项。二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·北京市潞河中学高三三模)The advent of high-tech era is still based on the development of human ability to use tools.From ancient times,    1    The positive aspects of these abilities were dug out by human survival instinct, while the negative ones were ignored because they were insignificant.When organized civilization began to appear on the earth, people began to make vehicles. On the positive side,    2    On the negative side, they made the burden of slaves heavier and increased the possibility of  civilian uprisingDuring the alternation period between the middle ages and the modern world in the 17th and 19th centuries, when the industrial revolution was flourishing, there were many great inventions in the hands of human beings, such as the steam engine and many factories.    3    The positive side provided a solid foundation for scientific exploration, greatly enhanced the power, and greatly enhanced the carrying capacity. The negative side is that the environmental pollution is greatly aggravated.In the 20th century, mankind began to use nuclear energy, and the advantages gained from the 17th to 19th centuries continued to grow substantially.    4    But at the same time, the negative effects were also increasing secretly. The leakage of nuclear energy makes the economy of some countries face collapse(such as Japan), and as long as a terrorist has mastered the code for launching a nuclear bomb, human life in the world will be at stake.In the 21st century, the positive and negative aspects brought about by nuclear deterrence have stabilized and stopped growing.    5    But the disadvantages are inevitable. For example, the Internet makes many netizens addicted to the Internet, the network crime is rampant, and the development of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may produce self-consciousness, and it is possible to resist human beings with its high intelligence.As for the follow-up, we can only see how human beings decide their own directionA. human beings began to learn to use stone axes to cut down trees and drill wood for fireB. In addition, nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation, especially with the coming of the next World WarC. There are both advantages and disadvantages in science and technology. We should treat the rapid development of science and technology with correct eyesD. they mainly enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functionsE. The positive and negative aspects increased in proportionF. However, the Internet, artificial intelligence, new energy development and other emerging fields have greatly benefited mankindG. So we should resist the bad factors to promote the further development of science and technology【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述了科技发展的历史，说明高科技时代的到来仍然是基于人类使用工具能力的发展，并阐述了不同阶段科技发展的优缺点。1.【答案】A【解析】空格前是逗号，讲述从古代，人们运用工具的情况，首字母不大写，确定A、D项。下文“The positive aspects of these abilities were dug out by human survival instinct, while the negative ones were ignored because they were insignificant.”(这些能力的积极方面被人类的生存本能挖掘出来，而消极方面则因为微不足道而被忽视)A项中的“use stone axes to cut down trees and drill wood for fire”(用石斧砍树，钻木取火)对应下文的these abilities，且与第一段的“human ability to use tools”呼应。故选A。2.【答案】D【解析】空格前是逗号，所填句子首字母不大写, 确定A、D项。根据“On the positive side”(积极的一面)可知，此处描述前文“When organized civilization began to appear on the earth, people began to make vehicles.( 当有组织的文明开始在地球上出现时，人们开始制造交通工具)”积极的方面，也就是人们制作交通工具的积极影响，D项中的“enhanced the carrying capacity and had more functions(提高了承载能力，功能更丰富)”说明了其积极作用，与下文的“On the negative side”相互呼应。故选D。3.【答案】C【解析】根据上文“During the alternation period between the middle ages and the modern world in the 17th and 19th centuries, when the industrial revolution was flourishing, there were many great inventions in the hands of human beings, such as the steam engine and many factories.( 17、19世纪是中世纪与现代世界的交替时期，工业革命如火如荼，人类手中有许多伟大的发明，如蒸汽机和许多工厂)”说明17、19世纪人类有许多发明，下文“The positive side provided a solid foundation for scientific exploration, greatly enhanced the power, and greatly enhanced the carrying capacity. The negative side is that the environmental pollution is greatly aggravated.(积极的一面为科学探索提供了坚实的基础，大大增强了动力，大大增强了承载能力。消极的一面是环境污染大大加剧了)”说明了这些发明的积极作用和消极作用都提高了，因此推断空格处承上启下，C项中的“The positive and negative aspects”引出下文，故C项“积极方面和消极方面都按比例增加”符合语境，故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】根据上文“In the 20th century, mankind began to use nuclear energy, and the advantages gained from the 17th to 19th centuries continued to grow substantially.( 20世纪，人类开始使用核能，17世纪到19世纪的优势继续大幅增长。)”说明核能的出现以及优势大幅度增加，下文“But at the same time, the negative effects were also increasing secretly.”(与此同时，消极影响也大幅度提高，)因此推断空格处也是在讲述核能的优势，B项中的“In addition”与上文构成递进关系，继续说明核能的益处，“nuclear deterrence stabilized the world situation”(核威慑稳定了世界局势)，故选B。5.【答案】F【解析】根据下文“But the disadvantages are inevitable. For example, the Internet makes many netizens addicted to the Internet, the network crime is rampant, and the development of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may produce self-consciousness, and it is possible to resist human beings with its highintelligence.(但缺点是不可避免的。例如，互联网使许多网民沉迷于互联网，网络犯罪猖獗，人工智能的发展在一定程度上可能产生自我意识，有可能以其高智能来抵抗人类)”说明互联网带来的不利之处，由But可推断，空格处说明互联网，人工智能等的积极的影响，F项中的“However, the Internet, artificial intelligence, new energy development and other emerging fields have greatly benefited mankind”(然而，互联网、人工智能、新能源开发等新兴领域给人类带来了巨大的利益)与下文的举例一致，且“greatly benefited mankind”说明了它们的好处，与下文是转折关系，故选F。三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自2021·河北唐山一中高三一模)Face shape lets AI spot rare disordersPeople with genetic syndromes sometimes have revealing facial features but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be    1    given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors    2    the possibilities.Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and    3    a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.They    4    the neural network, called DeepGestalt,on17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the Al to    5    potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.Gurovich and his team also    6    the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not    7    but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are   8    and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about    9   . If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to    10    against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.    11   , Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians.This technique could bring    12    to those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the    13    of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then    14    the diagnosis through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and,    15    help find new treatments or cures.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究人员利用新的技术手段，可以通过脸型让人工智能发现罕见的疾病。1. A. convincing B. tricky C. reliable  D. profitable【答案】B【解析】A. convincing令人信服的；B. tricky棘手的；C. reliable可靠的；D. profitable有利可图的，赢利的。根据“there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have.”可知人们可能患有数百种可能的病症，利用这些特征来做出快速而廉价的诊断可能很棘手。故选B。2. A. bring about B. result from C. narrow down  D. rule out【答案】C【解析】A. bring about引起；B. result from起因于；C. narrow down缩小；D. rule out排除。根据下文“This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then ... the diagnosis through checking genetic markers.”可知一种新的分析人脸照片的神经网络可以帮助医生缩小这种可能性。故选C。3. A. return B. input C. top  D. feed【答案】C【解析】A. return返回；B. input输入；C. top居……之首；D. feed喂食，进食。根据“the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.”可知这里意思是把一个人最有可能患有的10种基因综合症列出来。故选C。4. A. based B. imposed C. concentrated  D. trained【答案】D【解析】A. based以……为基础；B. imposed把……强加于；C. concentrated集中，聚集；D. trained训练。根据“on17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes.”可知研究人员对神经网络进行了训练。故选D。5. A. identify B. distinguish C. transform  D. cure【答案】A【解析】A. identify识别；B. distinguish区分；C. transform使改观，使变形；D. cure治疗。根据“potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions.”可知研究小组随后要求人工智能从另外502张患有这种疾病的人的照片中识别出潜在的遗传疾病。故选A。6. A. tested B. demonstrated C. recognized  D. modified【答案】A【解析】A. tested测试；B. demonstrated证明；C. recognized识别，认识到；D. modified调整，修改，修饰。根据“the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations(变异) that can lead to the same syndrome.”可知古罗维奇和他的团队还测试了神经网络区分导致同一种综合症的不同基因突变的能力。故选A。7. A. acceptable B. perfect C. considerable  D. workable【答案】B【解析】A. acceptable可接受的；B. perfect完美的；C. considerable相当大的；D. workable切实可行的。根据下文“but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.”可知尽管它并不完美，但它仍然比人类尝试做到这一点要好得多。故选B。8. A. covered B. excluded C. highlighted  D. supervised【答案】C【解析】A. covered覆盖；B. excluded排除；C. highlighted突出；D. supervised监督。根据“and made available for doctors to view.”可知在系统进行评估时，对判断最有帮助的面部区域会被突出显示。故选C。9. A. objectivity B. accuracy C. reliability  D. privacy【答案】D【解析】A. objectivity客观性；B. accuracy准确性；C. reliability可靠性；D. privacy隐私。根据“If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to ... against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.”可知这一事实引发了有关隐私的问题。故选D。10. A. discriminate B. fight C. argue  D. vote【答案】A【解析】A. discriminate歧视；B. fight与……斗争；C. argue争论；D. vote选举。根据“then employers and insurance providers could” 和“people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.”可知雇主和保险公司原则上就可以秘密地使用这类技术来歧视那些很有可能患有某些疾病的人。故选A。11. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. Otherwise  D. However【答案】D【解析】A. Furthermore此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。“雇主和保险公司原则上就可以秘密地使用这类技术来歧视那些很有可能患有某些疾病的人”与“该工具将只供临床医生使用”之间是转折关系，用however。故选D。12. A. challenges B. benefits C. damages  D. concerns【答案】B【解析】A. challenges挑战；B. benefits利益；C. damages毁坏；D. concerns关心。根据“For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically.”可知对于某些疾病，这项技术将大大缩短诊断时间，会为那些有遗传综合症的人的带来诊断的便捷，所以会为那些患有遗传综合症的人带来显著的好处。故选B。13. A. treatment B. response C. consequence  D. process【答案】D【解析】A. treatment治疗；B. response反应；C. consequence结果；D. process过程，进程。根据“For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically.”可知对于一些非常罕见的疾病，诊断过程可能需要很多年。故选D。14. A. replied B. confirmed C. considered  D. addressed【答案】B【解析】A. replied回答；B. confirmed确诊；C. considered考虑，；D. addressed解决。根据“the diagnosis through checking genetic markers.”可知这里意思是通过检测基因标记来确定诊断。故选B。15. A. by contrast B. in turn C. in addition  D. in summary【答案】B【解析】A. by contrast与之相比；B. in turn反过来；C. in addition此外；D.in summary总之，总的来说。根据“help find new treatments or cures.”可知这里意思是对其他人来说，它可能会增加发现其他患有这种疾病的人的手段，反过来有助于发现新的治疗方法或治愈方法。故选B。四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(改编自2021·全国高二语法填空)Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells. The first mammal to be cloned    1   (success)from an adult cell was Dolly, the sheep. She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003, at a much younger age    2    normal. When she was born, many people    3   (are)worried that cloning would lead to more diseases in the animal world. However, in general the scientists   4   (praise) for their wonderful scientific advance.Ian Wilmut, the Scottish scientist who created Dolly, is shocked that some scientists are now    5   (consideration)cloning human beings. Although he researches cloning, his    6   (intend)has never been to create copies of humans. Instead he thinks research efforts should concentrate    7    creating new tissues and organs that can be used to cure diseases like cancer.Even though human cloning is causing a lot of    8   (anxious), it is good news for the persons who cannot have a baby. So Severino Antinori,    9    Italian physician, has declared that he wants to be the first    10   (clone)a human being.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了克隆技术的发展情况，尽管克隆技术有争议，但在某些方面也带来了福音。1.【答案】successfully【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。此处应用副词修饰动词cloned。故填successfully。句意：第一只克隆成功的哺乳动物是绵羊多莉。2.【答案】than【解析】考查连词。根据前面形容词比较级，应该填than。句意：她出生于1996年，2003年初去世，比正常年龄小得多。3.【答案】were【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“When she was born,”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语为“many people”可知，使用were。句意：当她出生时，许多人担心克隆会导致动物世界更多的疾病。4.【答案】were praised【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。本句为一般过去时，主语与谓语为被动关系。故填were praised。句意：然而，总的来说，科学家们因他们出色的科学进步而受到赞扬。5.【答案】considering【解析】考查词性转换(动词)。根据前面的助动词are可知，这里需要动词的现在分词形式，以构成现在进行时态，故填considering。句意：创造多利羊的苏格兰科学家伊恩·威尔莫特对一些科学家现在考虑克隆人类感到震惊。6.【答案】intention【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填intention。句意：虽然他研究克隆，但他的目的从来都不是创造人类的复制品。7.【答案】on 【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。concentrate on集中精力于，全神贯注于。句意：相反，他认为研究工作应该集中于创造新的组织和器官，用于治疗癌症等疾病。8.【答案】anxiety【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据动词“is causing”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，anxiety意为“焦虑”，是不可数名词。故填anxiety。句意：尽管人类克隆引起了许多焦虑，但这对那些不能生育的人来说是个好消息。9.【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。physician为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，且Italian发音是元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。10.【答案】to clone【解析】考查非谓语动词。名词被序数词或本身就是序数词时，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to clone。句意：因此，意大利医生塞韦里诺·安蒂诺里宣布，他想成为第一个克隆人。五、写作写作(一)(改编自2021·福建高二月考)你班即将举行主题为“Should human cloning be allowed?”的英语辩论赛。请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：1.你的观点：2.你的理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Should human cloning be allowed?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Should human cloning be allowed?Hello everyone! Today we are having a debate on whether human cloning should be allowed. I firmly believe that human cloning should be banned. First of all, it is unnatural. As everyone knows, nature has its own rule and if human beings go against nature, we will take the consequence and may be on our way to producing a monster. Secondly, it may cause cloning technology abuse. For example, some evil leaders will hope to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. Finally, it can also cause moral problems. After all, who will not be confused with two or more mothers? Therefore, I’m against human cloning.That’s all. Thank you!写作(二)(2021·山东潍坊一中高三三模)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One morning on my way to school, noticed an elderly woman dressed in a yellow vest carrying a garbage bag and one of those rubbish claws(爪形器具). “What’s that lady doing?” I asked mum. “Vest Lady. She just picks up rubbish around here for fun,”mum said. “Why would someone think picking up rubbish looking like a construction worker is fun?” I puzzled.For several years I’d witness this mysterious Vest Lady—rain or shine—on my way to school. I had thought she was crazy for picking up rubbish. Eventually I smiled and waved at her each time I saw her. Later, I moved to high school. The time I saw rubbish here and there I felt really annoyed. Then I’d think, “Why isn’t anyone picking up this rubbish? People are so inconsiderate I” However, shortly after, I realized picking up the rubbish was not someone ease’s problem.Now I couldn’t walk past litter without feeling guilty. I volunteered to clean up rubbish around our school. Strange as it might sound, picking up litter was kind of a thrill for me! In fact, I was so determined that for my 17th birthday I bought myself a rubbish claw, reusable gloves and a reflective safety yellow vest with my own name on it.During my first attempt in my stylish equipment, met with unfriendly looks from others as if I were a criminal doing community service. One day,I had an epiphany(顿悟): “I’m acting just like Vest Lady!”But there was too much rubbish around, cigarette ends littered about, cans rolling on the street, pieces of paper hidden in the grass and plastic. alone was too weak J How would I get more volunteers involved in rubbish removal? A smart idea flashed into my mind.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Para 1:Soon I created my website go picking up com. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para 2:More and more people on vests with their own names. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Soon I created my website go. picking up. com. On the website I launched a rubbish removal campaign. I described my purpose—calling on volunteers to pick up rubbish. I posted pictures of rubbish littered about on the website,which could not only illustrate the severe situation but also show that a large number of volunteers were in great need. Besides, I shared the story of Vest Lady who influenced me so much. Surprisingly, my website gradually became a big hit on the internet.More and more people put on vests with their own names. Volunteers could be seen picking up rubbish in their spare time. The yellow vests made beautiful scenery in the park or on the street. With our joint efforts, the environment became better and better. What delighted me most was that people’s awareness of environmental protection was improved. The rubbish removal campaign was a big success. Thanks to Vest Lady who rooted the sense of environmental protection in my mind, more people became Vest