专题04 语法填空冲刺高考英语大题突破+限时集训（江苏专用）

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（原卷版）
语法填空题是全国卷高考英语试题的一项创新，它将语法知识的考查融于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，更能客观、准确地考查学生的语法知识水平。
（2022·江苏南京·校联考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hugging’s Evlutinary Origins
Many f us are eager fr the warmth f a hug nwadays. Humans bilgically need tuch, and a gd lng hug is ne f the best ways ___1___ (get) it. Our need fr a hug ges all the way back t the ___2___ (survive) f ur species. When we’re brn, we can’t care fr urselves and we need t be cmfrtable with being held in rder t survive. We ___3___ (reward) when we have a cmfrtable hug. It is ___4___ rush f feel-gd hrmnes (荷尔蒙) called xytcin. When we can’t hug, we dn’t get thse gd hrmnes.
We may nt knw ___5___ we’re getting frm greeting ur friends and family with a hug; we just enjy it. It is nt until thse experiences are taken away that we feel pain and sadness. Sme peple grw up in mre frmal families ___6___ hugging isn’t cmmn. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging ___7___ (please). ___8___ bth cases, when children dn’t experience healthy tuch, their develpment will be affected. Kids wh didn’t grw up ___9___ (hld) miss ut n that sense f safety and prtectin. They may act ut r separate frm ___10___ arund them. Smetimes, the ppsite may als be true. Sme children may hpe fr any frm f psitive attentin that they didn’t get at hme.
本题型分两种情形：
一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握水平。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要应用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。
技巧一：名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：
There are many students living at schl，the(child) huses are all far frm sch1．
由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为huses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二：动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、从前分词)。
例：
A talk(give) tmrrw is written by Prfessr Zhang.
句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tmrrw可以看出，报告是“未来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——t be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化。
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如n ne／nne、ther／anther等。
例：
The king decided t see the painter by(he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高等的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imre／less和mst／least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。
例：
I am— —(tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”确定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
技巧五：数词形式变化。
数词的形式变化包含基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及ne／tw的特殊变化形式 nce／twice
例：
T my three sns I leave my seventeen hrses．My eldest sn shall take a half，my secnd sn shall take a (three).
从上下文持续起来懂得，这是一个分马的方案，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才干命中目标。
技巧六：词的派生。
词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要产生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。
例：
Lius lst his wallet yesterday，SO he was very____(happiness)．
在这道题中，学生很轻易断定出该用形容词；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
二、未给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题难度较大，但也是有办法应付的。
技巧七：固定短语构造。
根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“熟视无睹”才能命中答案。
例1：
The children were playing n the grund，enjying____，dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enj0y neself短语，故其答案为themselves。
例2：
His bss was____angry as t fire him．
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语 t...，所以，s是正解。
技巧八：从句引导词。
从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。
例1：
He did nt dne_____his father had asked him t d．
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
例2：
Thse_____want t g t the village must sign here．
经过察看可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步视察可知先行词为thse，且指人，所以只能填入wh，在定语从句中做主语。
技巧九：短语动词结构。
短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。
例1：
The us cnsists____fifty states．
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表现“由组成”，所以答案是f。
例2：
Mrs Baker was ill，s her daughter had t ask fr leave t take_____f her．
生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care f。
技巧十：短语介词结构。
短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：except fr，due t等。
例1：
Mr Smith tk a plane t Lndn____f taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead f。
例2：
Just then，he saw a blackbard in_____f him.
细心观察，可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in frnt f，此题得解。
技巧十一：连词、关系短语结构。
常用的连词有and，r，but，s，fr，while等，常用的关联短语有bth…and...，either…r...，neither…nr...，nt nly…but als...等。
例1：
Little Wang Jun culd nt g t schl，_____his family was t pr．
此处表示原因，引导的分句实在是一种说明解释，不是必定的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填fr。
例2：
____Marrie and Jannie like ging t the theatre．
横线处的词与后面可以形成bth?and，故答案为Bth。
技巧十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词。
冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判定；常用的介词有in，at，n，befre，during等，通常考核固定搭配；副词的量仍是比较多，如：hwever，never，yet，much等。
例1：
Jackie likes t drive at____ high speed．
这里考查的是不定冠词的习习用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。
例2：
Old Tm’s granddaughter used t visit him_____Saturday afternn．
Saturday afternn是指定的某天下午，所以不必介词in，而用n才是正解。
例3：
Thugh Liu Qiang did the same wrk____Zhang Wen did，he gt a lwer pay______Zhang Wen.
第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lwer断出比较意义，故答案为than。
例4：
It was nly ne day left，_____，his father had n idea t answer him．
观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，消除but，所以答案是hwever。
技巧十三：上下文中呈现的相关词。
这一招是最为灵巧的，但也是最难的。学生能够依据上下文关联和本人积聚的知识，填入某个已涌现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的处所——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；假如横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例：
Tny____travelling abrad，but dislikes staying hme watching TV．
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
（A）
（2022·江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With abut half f the vast cuntry cvered in wilderness, China is the wrld’s third mst species-rich cuntry. Therefre, China’s ___1___(achieve) in bidiversity cnservatin and wilderness prtectin are imprtant t the future f glbal bidiversity cnservatin.
The vital bidiversity, ___2___(cmbine) with a large ppulatin, has led the gvernment t recnsider its prtected area system and transfrm sme wilderness areas such as the rainfrest in Hainan ___3___frmal natinal parks. The new natinal park system will make it mre practical ___4___(preserve) habitats and species. The aim is t preserve bidiversity and ensure a ___5___(harmny) relatin between humans and nature.
The natinal parks crss China’s vast ecsystems, frm the Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park in the suth ___6___the Hainan gibbn—a critically endangered species live, the Giant Panda Natinal Park, the Nrtheast Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park, the Wuyi Muntain Natinal Park t the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park n the Qinghai-Tibet Platau—___7___surce f the Yellw River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River. The diversity f species and habitats under prtectin ___8___(reflect) in these parks’ names.
The natinal parks are pen t all. Visitrs can make reservatins nline in advance ___9___bk n the spt. They shuld acquire a little lcal knwledge t get ___10___ (they) ready fr the amazing trip and maximize their enjyment.
（B）
（2022·江苏南京·校联考模拟试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The gvernments f Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang____11____(jint) released a guideline n Thursday, which facilitates the high-quality develpment f the Yangtze River Delta regin. It is the secnd set f plicies the gvernments____12____(intrduce) t advance the integrated develpment f the regin.
____13____(feature) 17 detailed measures, the newly intrduced guideline tuches upn 10 majr areas f interest, including technlgical innvatin, revitalizing and explring mdels t realize cmmn prsperity. Qingpu district in suthwest Shanghai, Wujiang district in Suzhu f Jiangsu and Jiashan cunty in nrtheast Zhejiang____14____(receive) supprt in building crss-reginal high-tech develpment znes sn. The integrated develpment f the Yangtze River Delta regin was updated ____15____ a natinal strategy in Nvember 2018 t serve China’s____16____(deep) refrm and pening-up. The first set f 22 plices t address this strategy was intrduced in July 2020.
Over the past tw years, a ttal f 88____17____(system) innvatins have been shaped in the regin, f____18____38 have been prmted natinwide. Mre than 100 key develpment prjects have been launched here. The lcal gvernments have set up____19____10 - billin - yuan ($1.4 billin) special fiscal fund t better implement the strategy. Anther 38.2 millin yuan in fiscal budgets has been prvided t supprt ____20____(cmpany) technlgical innvatin.
（C）
（2022·江苏盐城·校考模拟试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Canadians are extremely enthusiastic abut renewable energy, and public pinin is ____21____ (clear) mving twards a clean energy visin fr the future. But when yu lk at the latest plls, there are still sme majr bstacles t aggressive climate actin.
Yu’ve prbably heard that mst Canadians want gvernments t d mre n climate. That’s what tw-thirds f the public tell pllsters when ____22____ (ask). But the same tw-thirds will tell yu they’re pretty satisfied and think Canada is ding a decent jb dealing ____23____ climate change.
It’s nt because Canadians aren’t wrried. Three quarters f the public are cncerned and the level f wrry is rising — half f us nw describe climate change as a “very serius threat.” But mst peple think we’re already pulling ____24____ (we) weight. Just 25 percent f Canadians think we’re ding less than ur “fair share.”
One f the really ____25____ (wrry) trends in public pinin is the number f peple wh think tackling climate change is already a lst cause. Abut half the public think we wn’t be able t limit climate impacts “befre it’s t late.” Just 35 percent have ____26____ (cnfident) in gvernments creating plicies t reduce greenhuse gas emissins.
And anther big bstacle is ____27____ the majrity desn’t yet have a mental picture f the pssible pathways frward. ____28____ there is gd news in the latest public research. Canadians’ visin f the future is shifting rapidly. There is ____29____ (mass) supprt fr renewable energy, acrss all demgraphics and acrss party lines. Meanwhile, supprt fr fssil fuel expansin _____30_____ (decrease).
（D）
（2022·江苏南通·统考模拟试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wu Ming is a yung German brn after 1995. T dig int traditinal Chinese medicine (TCM), Wu came t China’s Henan prvince in 2015, ____31____ is the hmetwn f Zhang Zhngjing, the medical sage (医圣) f ancient China, and enjyed the ____32____ (influence) TCM culture there.
He____33____ (learn) traditinal Chinese medicine since 2016. In the early stages, Wu always tasted sme Chinese herbal medicine ____34____ (he). He als gt ver the language barrier by learning and practicing Chinese, especially the Henan dialect (方言). Althugh smetimes he still has truble ____35____ (distinguish) between Putnghua and the dialect, he can use the Henan dialect t cmmunicate with thers.
____36____ a language barrier, Wu read sme f the ancient Chinese medical classics. He believes different aspects f traditinal Chinese culture interact with each ther. Taking Huangdi Neijing as an example, it is ____37____ (clse) cnnected with culture frm Yi Jing and Taism, ne f the ancient Chinese ____38____ (philsphy).
Studying TCM als changed Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used t be addicted t electrnic devices and stay up late every night, ____39____ (trap) in an unhealthy daily rutine. But nw, he lives a balanced and peaceful life. He als uses ____40____ he has learned t help his family. With acupuncture, varius physical disrders f his families have been well-treated.
（E）
（2022·江苏苏州·校联考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As many Chinese peple celebrated the natin’s____41____(late) spacewalk, they were als thinking f the____42____(her) behind thse great achievements China’s space industry has made.
On Sina Weib and WeChat Mments, psts abut Deng Qingming, a 55-year-ld member f the Peple’s Liberatin Army Astrnaut Divisin, ____43____(increase) sharply since China launched its newest manned flight-Shenzhu XIII-t its Tiangng space statin.
CCTV als published a shrt vide clip n its varius media platfrms ____44____(hnr) Deng, saying he is a mdel f perseverance and devtin.
Deng jined the PLA Air Frce in June 1984 and started training as ____45____pilt at a flight cllege in Hebei prvince. After graduatin, he began t take part in the PLA Air Frce’s selectin f astrnaut candidates and was finally selected with____46____13 male ayiatrs(飞行员).
In the fllwing years,____47____Deng has dedicated himself t training, struggling ____48____an pprtunity t fly int space, he has always been inches away frm gd luck and has yet t make it.
Hwever, just as Deng expected, his daughter, Deng Manqi, was____49____(successful) selected as a member f China’s manned space prgram after her graduatin. His daughter nce said t him, “Dad, yu are nly ne step away frm fulfilling yur dream. Yu must hld n t it, n matter _____50_____awaits yu.
（F）
（2022·江苏·校联考模拟试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Janisse and Damen, sftware architects in the University f Ottawa, started Cnnected Canadians in 2018. They fund ____51____ rewarding t help the senirs vercme tech challenges in their lives.
Canadian senirs are ____52____ (increase) using newer technlgies, ____53____ the majrity wning a smartphne and ____54____ （surf）the Internet daily. Since much f ur life is lived nline – frm shpping t dctrs’ appintments – a persn withut practical knwledge t navigate it can quickly feel ____55____ (separate). A survey shws that 28 percent f senirs in Canada make vide calls n their smartphnes.
Janisse and Damen wuld like t see that number g even ____56____ (high). Cmmn questins include help figuring ut a new phne, slving printer prblems, cnnecting n Zm and s n. The rganizatin’s caches ____57____ (grw) frm Janisse and Damen t nearly 100 active mentrs up t nw.
One reasn why Cnnected Canadians has been s successful is ____58____ they encurage their mentrs t respect and care fr the senir. Kate Oakley, 85, ____59____ nw devtes much f her time t creating artwrk, cmpares Cnnected Canadians t ____60____ (g) t the library. “Yu have a knwledgeable librarian, and they patiently guide yu t the right path,” says Oakley. “They dn’t d it fr yu, but they help yu fix it yurself, s yu aren’t always dependent n them.”
（G）
（2022·江苏南通·统考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ashley Alcaraz remembers when she started t regret ___61___ (entrust) her infant daughter Paysen t an unlicensed in-hme day care when she returned t wrk. She fund ut her daughter had been sleeping n the flr in a huse ___62___ dgs and cats mved arund, and she wrried that lder babies might step n her.
Because her request that the baby sleep in a crib ___63___ (ignre), she pulled Paysen ut. Desperate fr trustwrthy care, she ___64___ (enrll) Paysen at Tiptn Adaptive Daycare in Tiptn, which was mre expensive, at $640 per mnth. It was wrth ___65___ cst, Alcaraz felt, because she culd tell the staff cared abut her daughter, ___66___ (greet) the 16-mnth-ld by name each mrning.
Affrdable childcare is at nce ne f the mst appealing ___67___ (prmise) f cntemprary American life, and the mst brken. Our mdern ecnmy culdn’t functin ___68___ a system fr the nurturing f ur yungest citizens. But fr everyne except the very ___69___ (wealth), childcare is t expensive. In 28 states and the District f Clumbia, ne year f infant care, n average, sets parents back as much as a year at fur-year public cllege, and ____70____ (natin) childcare csts n average between $ 9,000 and 9600 annually.
（G）
（2022·江苏·模拟试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is knwn as a state f etiquette (礼仪) and ceremnies. Take the example f an interesting stry. Once upn a time, a man went n a lng tur ____71____ (visit) his friend with a swan as a gift. But it escaped frm the cage n the way and in his effrt t catch it, he caught nthing but a feather. When his friend received this unexpected gift—the swan feather, he was ____72____ (deep) mved by the sincerity (真诚). Later, the saying “the gift is nthing much, but it is the thught ____73____ cunts,” was spread far and wide.
Gifts are regarded as an imprtant part t shw pliteness in China. ____74____ is apprpriate t give gifts n ____75____ (ccasin) such as festivals and birthdays. If yu are invited ____76____ a family party, small gifts like wine, tea r candies are welcmed. Als fruit, ckies, and flwers are a safe ____77____ (chse).
Chinese used t cup ne hand in the ther befre the chest as a salute (致敬). This traditin, nwadays seldm ____78____ (fllw) except in the Spring Festival, has a histry f mre than 2000 years. Shaking hands, which shuld be firm and brief but nt t strng, ____79____ (cnsider) frmal greeting behavir in China.
If yu fllw the usual rules f etiquette in China, there is n need t wrry abut the cultural barriers, fr the warm and friendly Chinese will try their best t respect yur custms when _____80_____ (cmmunicate).
（2022·江苏·校联考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
White Cane Safety Day is an bservance celebrated n Octber 14 f each year since 1964. It is a day f the White Cane, a tl that allws the visually impaired (障碍) peple t travel independently and get ___11___ (identify) easily.
The White Cane ___12___ (intrduce) by an American man called Gerge A．Bnham. One day, he watched a man wh was blind ___13___ (attempt) t crss a street. The man’s cane was black and mtrists culdn’t see it, s Bnham prpsed painting the cane white with a red stripe t make it mre nticeable. The idea quickly ___14___ (catch) n arund the U.S.,making the White Cane an imprtant tl fr blind peple t mve ___15___(safe).
Tday, there are abut 17,000,000 peple with visual impairment in China, ver 8,000,000 f ___16___ are blind. It is imprtant that peple raise awareness f their ___17___ (exist) and help, imprve their living cnditins.
Mdern White Canes are becming mre and mre lightweight and high-tech, making it ___18___ (easy) fr them t travel independently.___19___ it usually takes mre effrt fr them t receive educatin and pursue careers. Therefre, it is imprtant that the whle sciety help create ____20____ barrier-free envirnment fr them.
（2022·江苏·统考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The classical gardens f Suzhu, Jiangsu prvince, date back t the 6th century ___21___ the city was funded ___22___ the capital f the Wu Kingdm. Tday, mre than 50 f these gardens are still in ___23___ (exist), nine f which are regarded as the finest embdiments (化身) f Chinese “Muntain and Water” gardens.
Built in the 11th century n the site f an ___24___ (early) destryed garden, Canglang Pavilin has the lngest histry amng all the existing classical gardens in Suzhu. Naturally ___25___ (lay) ut and well designed, it is called ne f the fur best gardens in Suzhu. The garden lks simple but natural. Withut cmplex ___26___ (decrate), it cmbines buildings with scenery s well ___27___ the whle garden appears t be naturally endwed (赋予). Since many f the ___28___ (rigin) features f the garden have been preserved, the garden has a high histrical and artistic value.
The classical gardens f Suzhu ___29___ (be) the mst vivid specimens(样本)f culture frm the East Yangtze Delta regin in the 11th t 19th centuries. The underlying philsphy, literature, art, and craftsmanship ____30____ (shw) in the architecture, gardening as well as the handcrafts perfectly reflect the mnumental achievements f the scial, cultural, scientific, and technlgical develpments f this perid.
（2022·江苏·模拟预测）
The pening ceremny f the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games n the evening f Feb 4 was different, yet spectacular（引人入胜的）. The audiences were treated t a pared-dwn（简约的） ceremny, ____31____ the large-scale artistic perfrmances that marked the 2008 pening ceremny, ____32____ it was n less symblic—symblic f a shared future fr humankind. The final trch（火炬）at the snwflake-themed ceremny was small, yet the flames cnveyed significant messages f ____33____ (green) Olympic Games. The use f ____34____ (advance) technlgies such as artificial intelligence, machine visin, 5G and clud bradcasting ____35____ (add) t the nvelty f the pening ceremny. The perfrmances, carrying frward the theme f glbal peace and a shared future fr humankind, fcused n envirnmental prtectin and human health, ____36____ (highlight) the imprtance f sprts t instill (灌输)new cnfidence in the internatinal cmmunity ____37____ (cntain) the pandemic（瘟疫）. Thrugh the pening ceremny n Feb. 4, peple can clearly see China’s pursuit f building a peaceful wrld, its ____38____ ( reflect) f the new Olympic mtt f “Faster, Higher, Strnger, Tgether” and the Beijing Winter Games’ mtt f “tgether fr a shared future”.
Tday, ____39____ ver 300 millin peple engaged in winter sprts in abut 2000 ski resrts and ice rinks, China is becming a winter sprt cuntry. This extrardinary achievement pens a new era fr glbal winter sprt, _____40_____ will raise the glbal participatin t new levels, benefiting the Chinese peple as well as winter sprt enthusiasts arund the wrld.