2023届高考英语二轮复习专题强化练(五)含答案

专题强化练(五)　推理判断题——文章出处类A(2022·湖北十一校高三第一次联考)A small but shining silver lining：The coronavirus has quickened the shift to pedal power in Europe.The German National Cyclists' Association (GNCA) reports that Germans across the country are spending twice as much time biking as they were before the COVID­19.There is growing demand for bikes and shared bike subscriptions，and now even shortages throughout the bicycle supply chain.For bike shops it's an unexpected boom.The demand is so much that it requires cities to improve their biking facilities.In unimagined numbers，bikes are starting to take the place of cars in our cities.It has increased 930 miles of new bike lanes(车道)in Europe，“muscling aside cars on Europe's city streets，”according to European Cyclists Federation.Belgium，Denmark，and the Netherlands are pioneering fast lanes for riders.“Pop­up lanes”are being used for bikes in Berlin and Paris；Rome has painted new bike lanes，in each case taking away lanes from cars.Women riders are reportedly another big factor in the biking transformation.E­bikes are，too.E­bikes use an onboard battery to boost power when the rider is going up a hill，or just needs a rest.E­bikes have removed “the sweat factor”．Who wants to show up to work or at a party sweaty?European Cyclists' Federation states that bikes are also strongly supported by European governments to cut carbon and increase the quality of their cities.European countries provide direct financial stimulation for cyclists.At the end of April，France announced a 20­million­euro plan to promote cycling after the end of the lockdown.The plan includes 50 euro vouchers(代币券)for the repair of a bike.Italy worked on a regulation for the recovery from the COVID­19，by means of which 120 million euro was set aside to cover 70% and up to 500 euro of the price of conventional，muscle­powered and electric bikes.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。新冠肺炎疫情促使欧洲自行车和共享单车的需求暴增。为减少碳排放、提升城市质量，许多国家不但增设自行车道，还实行了一系列经济刺激措施，促进自行车的使用。1．What is the passage mainly about?A．The impact of the pandemic on people's life.B．The bicycle industry booms in Europe.C．The preference for bicycles globally.D．The shift in choice of public transport.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中的“The coronavirus...in Europe”是全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了新冠肺炎疫情下欧洲自行车产业蓬勃发展的情况。答案：B2．How many factors contribute to the growing demand for bikes in Europe ?A．Two.　　　　　　　　　　 B．Three.C．Four.   D．Five.解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章首段提出报道主题：新冠肺炎疫情下，欧洲自行车产业蓬勃发展。接着用四个段落分别介绍了四个因素：第二段介绍了多个国家增设自行车道；第三段介绍了女性骑手的增加；第四段介绍了欧洲各国政府的支持；第五段介绍了多国制定的对新冠肺炎疫情后骑自行车等锻炼项目的资助。答案：C3．What can we learn from the passage?A．Measures have been taken to encourage Europeans to use bikes.B．E­bikes become popular with Europeans because they are lazy.C．More women in Europe choose to go to work by bike than men.D．Financial support is the main reason why Europeans choose bikes.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，欧洲许多国家增设自行车道；根据第四段中的“European countries...for cyclists”可知，欧洲许多国家为骑自行车的人提供直接的经济刺激。据此可推知，欧洲许多国家采取措施，鼓励欧洲人骑自行车。答案：A4．Where is the passage probably taken from?A．A guidebook.   B．A business plan.C．A science report.   D．A newspaper.解析：文章出处题。根据文章首句中的“A small but shining silver lining”和第三段中的“Women riders are reportedly...biking transformation”可知，本文属于新闻报道。答案：DB(2022·长沙新高考适应性考试)The State of the World's Trees report，published recently by Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI)，found that 17，500 tree species—or about 30% of the planet's total species—are at risk of dying out，with 440 species having fewer than 50 individuals left in the wild.At least 142 tree species are recorded as extinct(已灭绝的)in their natural homes.In a statement，BGCI Secretary General Paul Smith said，“This report is a wake­up call to everyone around the world that trees need help.”Besides，according to Smith，some most at­risk trees are commonly found in Southeast Asian rainforests.It is also found that thousands of kinds of trees in the world's top six countries for tree species diversity are at risk of extinction.According to the report，Madagascar has the world's highest number of threatened tree species(1，842)，followed by Brazil(1，788 species)and Indonesia(1，306 species)．“Trees help support the natural environment and are considered important for fighting global warming and climate change.The extinction of even a single tree species could mean a great loss，which has an effect on both millions of other species that depend on trees and people all over the world，”Smith said.The report said the top three threats faced by tree species are crop production，deforestation，and livestock farming(畜牧)．Climate change and extreme weather also add threats to tree species. At least 180 tree species are directly threatened by rising sea levels and the severe weather，the report added.It noted that island tree species are more at risk than other trees.This is particularly a concern because many islands have species of trees that can be found nowhere else，the report said.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际植物园保护联盟发布的关于濒危树种的一项新报告。该报告介绍了濒危树种的种类数量、分布地区以及这种情况产生的原因。5．Why does the author use statistics in Paragraph 1?A．To prove the reliability of the report.B．To reveal the number of tree species.C．To show the thoroughness of the report.D．To present the urgency of tree conservation.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的数据可以看出17 500个树种(约占世界树种总量的30%)都有灭绝的危险，其中440个树种仅剩不到50棵，至少142个树种在其天然生长地已不复存在。由此可推知，作者使用这些数据是为了说明树木保护的紧迫性，故选D。答案：D6．What does Smith mainly want to tell us?A．Every tree species counts for much.B．Brazil has the greatest tree species diversity.C．The trees in Southeast Asia suffer the most.D．The most at­risk trees are the most important.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The extinction of even a single tree species...and people all over the world”可知，即使是单一树种的灭绝也可能意味着巨大的损失，这对全世界数百万依赖树木的其他物种和人类都有影响。由此可推知，任何一个树种都关系重大，故选A。答案：A7．What puts island tree species in a riskier condition?A．Human activities.   B．Climate change.C．Extreme weather.   D．Special living places.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It noted that island tree species...can be found nowhere else”可知，很多岛屿上都有独特的树种，这些树种只生长在岛屿上。也就是说生长地的特殊性使得生长在岛屿上的树种更加危险。答案：D8．In which part of a newspaper can we see this text?A．Opinion.   B．Agriculture.C．Environment.   D．Education.解析：文章出处题。综观全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于濒危树种的报告，因此，本文应出自报纸的自然或环境版块，故选C。答案：CCIn 2020，compared with the previous year's film market，the popularity of domestic films this year improved，the themes were more diverse，and the coverage was more extensive.Here are some of the top 10 domestic box office movies in 2020.The Eight HundredIt is based on the Battle of Songhu in 1937 and tells the story of a camp of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and its adherence in Shanghai.To strengthen the momentum，the actual 400 people was changed to 800 people.The “800 heroes”fought hard for four days and it wasn't until 30 October that they were ordered to withdraw to the British concession(租界)．The film was released in Chinese mainland on 21 August，with a total box office of 3.09 billion yuan($472.39 million)by 25 October.LeapThe film tells the story of China's women's volleyball team's life and death battle from its first World Championship in 1981 to the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.It also tells the legend of several generations of women's volleyball players who have experienced setbacks but remained indomitable(不屈不挠的)and constantly struggling.The film was released on 25 September with a total box office of 827.37 million yuan($126.43 million)by 8 November.Love You ForeverA young dancer finds Lin Ge's diary while rescuing the elderly theatre manager.In the diary，the old man with white hair is like her best friend.To fulfill his promise，Lin Ge goes back to the past，corrects his mistakes and saves his love.However，he is teased by fate and cannot be satisfied.The film was released on 25 August，with a total box office of 510.1 million yuan($76.57 million)by 27 September.Coffee  or Tea?It tells the story of three young people with different personalities who return to an ancient village in Yunnan from a big city to start their own business.They understand the e­commerce going to the countryside is not only to sell things in the city to the countryside，but also to sell things from the countryside.They change everyone with sincerity and start an extraordinary journey.The film was released on 4 October，with a total box office of 306.19 million yuan($46.79 million) by 8 November.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2020年最受欢迎的几部电影——《八佰》《夺冠》《我在时间尽头等你》和《一点就到家》。9．Which film is related to online commerce?A．The Eight Hundred   B．Love You ForeverC．Coffee  or Tea?   D．Leap解析：细节理解题。根据Coffee or Tea？部分中的“They understand the e­commerce going to the countryside is not only to sell things in the city to the countryside，but also to sell things from the countryside.”可知，Coffee or Tea？是一部与电商相关的电影。答案：C10．What does the text mainly talk about?A．The 2016 Rio Olympic Games.B．Some amazing stories.C．Some exact deadlines.D．A few popular films.解析：文章大意题。根据第一段中的“Here are some of the top 10 domestic box office movies in 2020.”可知，本文主要介绍了2020年最受欢迎的几部电影。答案：D11．In which part of a newspaper can this text be found?A．Entertainment.   B．Tourism.C．Education.   D．Science.解析：文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了2020年最受欢迎的几部电影，这样的文章一般出现在报纸的“娱乐”版块。答案：A