高中英语高考解密15阅读理解之词义猜测题-2021年高考英语高频考点解密（二轮复习）(原卷版）

解密15 词义猜测题
序号
题型
真题
Part 1
解密高考
考点综述 备考建议
Part 2
对点解密
考点精准说1... 真题对点析1... 对点模拟练1...
Part 3
强化集训
真题模测、典题模测




Part 1解密高考
【考点综述】
词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
【备考建议】
　 根据高考对词义猜测题的要求，考生应该注意运用释义法、对比法、相似法、语境推断法及构词推断法解答此类题，并在复习中应该从以下几方面做起：
1.根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词，在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。
2.猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，注意通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词 义的具体内容。
3.代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。用＂逻辑关系梳理法＂、＂递向寻踪法＂理清人物及事物 之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。
4.注意其【设问形式】
　　1. The underlined word ＂…＂ in the second(third…) paragraph refers to(means) ______.
　　2. By saying that ＂…＂ in the first(second…) paragraph, the author means that ______.
　　3. In paragraph …, ＂…＂ can be replaced by ＂______＂.
　　4. The meaning of ＂…＂ in paragraph… is related to ______.
　　5. Which of the following has the closest meaning to…(paragraph…)?
6. The underlined sentence in the … paragraph probably means that _____.

Part 2对点解密
【考点精准说】1----→相似法
利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。
【真题对点析】1
（2020·浙江高考真题） ......The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally don't flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home....
17．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Increased length of green lights. B．Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C．Flexible timing of traffic signals. D．Smooth traffic flow on the road.
【答案】C
指代猜测题。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段内容尤其是第一段最后一句“Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“That is by design.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。故选C项。

【对点模拟练】1
…Fermat’s Last Theorem（定理）, first put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientists who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. …
65. Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as it is used in the text?
A. To encourage people to raise questions.
B. To cause difficulty in understanding.
C. To provide a person with an explanation.
D. To limit people’s imagination.
【答案】B
【解析】由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具有数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁（beat），并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等的并列关系，根据这一信息可以推出baffle表示“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思。
【考点精准说】2--→对比法
利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hot and cold, perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。
表示对比的信号词有yet, but, while, though, however, otherwise, on the one hand...on the other hand, for one thing...for another thing, instead of等。
【真题对点析】2
（2020·全国高考真题）According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
14．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons.
【答案】D
【分析】词义猜测题。根据前半句“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。由contrary to可推断出，画线词和heavier people（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier people正好相反。故选D。
【对点模拟练】2
…A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle ; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. …
74. What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?
A. A party designed by specialists.
B. A plan requiring careful thought.
C. A situation causing difficulty or trouble.
D. A demand made by guests.
【答案】C
【解析】根据前句的否定doesn’t与后句的肯定can be这一对比关系，可以判断出，为了庆祝孩子的生日，又不至于麻烦，可以买一个生日开心包。Hassle的意思应该与fun相反，而与difficulty, trouble相近。答案为C。
【考点精准说】3----→释义法
有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。释义法就是根据文章中的字里行间，对生词以定语（从句）、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明的方式。
常见的词有：mean, that is, in other words, for example, for instance, such as...
【真题对点析】3
（2020·江苏高考真题） For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health....
9．The underlined expression “stomach it” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “______”.
A．digest the meal easily B．manage without breakfast
C．decide wisely what to eat D．eat whatever is offered
【答案】B
词句猜测题。根据下文working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
【对点模拟练】3
“Organic produce is always better, ” Gold said. “The food is free of pesticides (农药), and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally (本地)grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty.” Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.
62. What is the meaning of “the organic trend” as the words are used in the text?
A. Growing interest in organic food.
B. Better quality of organic food.
C. Rising market for organic food.
D. Higher prices of organic food.
【答案】A
【解析】由Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying something可以推断出，越来越多的顾客像Gold一样开始购买有机食物，其实也就是对这类食物产生了越来越浓厚的兴趣。答案为A。
【考点精准说】4---→语境推断法
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。
1．根据对比关系猜测词义
　　在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。表示对比关系的句子结构：while 引导的并列句。
　　例如：A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.
　　What does the underlined word ＂hassle＂ (paragraph 1) probably mean?
　　A. a party designed by specialists
　　B. a plan requiring careful thought
　　C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble
　　D. a demand made by guests
　　根据对比关系，这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义，很容易判断理解题的答案为C。
2．根据比较关系猜测词义
　　同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。
　　例如：Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
　　该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系，其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是＂健谈的＂。
3．根据因果关系猜测词义
　　在句子或段落中，若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。
　　例如：I feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .
　　The word ＂presumptuous＂ in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to ＂__________ ＂.
　　A．full of respect
　　B．too confident and rude
　　C．lacking in experience
　　D．too shy and quiet
　　根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容（＂既然你是我的上司＂），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：＂冒失的，放肆的＂意思，后半句的意思是：我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为：B。
　　Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves.
　　根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以判断Pruning的意思是：＂修剪（树枝等）＂的意思。
4．根据同义、近义、并列、替代、说明等关系猜测词义
　　在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。
　　例如：William Shakespeare said. ＂The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.＂
　　The underlined word ＂mingled＂ in the last paragraph most probably means .
　　A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy
　　句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了 a mingled yarn的意义，据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是：＂混合的，交织的＂，答案是：B。
　　Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is ＂yes＂, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers.
根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系，我们很容易推断出：Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心。
【真题对点析】4
（2019·江苏卷）In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before:he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is，however，a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
60. What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean？
A. Hot-air balloon. B. Digital camera.
C. Big photograph. D. Bird's view.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。讲述了二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors’ centers.可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大，选C。
【对点模拟练】4
......She became stern with Poppy.“You’re foolish, Poppy,” she said. “I have my pride,” Poppy answered. “False pride,” she hurled（斥责）back at him.
3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “stern” in paragraph 5?
A. patient B. angry
C. respectful D. afraid.
【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。下文“You’re foolish, Poppy,” she said. “I have my pride,” Poppy answered. “False pride,” she hurled（斥责）back at him.意思是“你真傻，Poppy”她说。“我有我的骄傲，” Poppy回答。“错误的骄傲，”她狠狠地回击他。由此可知She became stern with Poppy.意思是她对Poppy很生气。“stern”意思是生气的，A. patient有耐心的；B. angry生气的；C. respectful尊敬的；D. afraid.害怕的，故选B。
【考点精准说】4---→构词推断法
阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un, fore, see , able；其中 see 是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。
1．根据前缀猜测词义
　　例如：Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?
　　根据词根educational （教育的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：＂男女同校教育的＂意思。
2．根据后缀猜测词义
　　例如：It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point．
　　后缀 -ise/ize意思是＂使成为…；使…化＂，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是：＂未被商业化的＂。
3．根据复合词的各部分猜测词义
　　例如：Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well-designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions.
　　Well-designed 或许是个生词，但我们分析该词的结构后，就能推测出其含义。它由well （好，优秀）和design （设计）两部分组成，合在一起便是＂设计精巧的＂意思。
　　We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft (手艺) no longer exists.
　　根据合成词中的mass（大量的）和produce（生产），我们可以推测 mass-produce的意思是：＂大批量生产；规模生产＂的意思。
【真题对点练】5
（2020·北京高考真题） Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.
5．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?
A．Enormous in quantity. B．Changeable daily.
C．Stable in quality. D．Present everywhere.
【答案】D
词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another(例如，算法在我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Present everywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故选D项。
【对点模拟练】5
…Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.” …
70. The underlined word “outcome” in the last paragraph most probably means ________________.
A. value B. result
C. performance D. connection
【答案】B
【解析】运用“构词法”进行猜测。动词词组come out 的意义为“露出、出现、显露出”。再根据句子的语境，可猜测出其意义是：(实验的)结果。
Part 3强化集训
【真题模测】
Passage1
（2020·海南高考真题）The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol.
I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistol to me," I said. "I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied,
"You don't have grandchildren," someone said.
"I don't now." I replied. "But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them."
My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes. students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging.
The-years went by, and my first grandchild Gordon was born. I shared my joy with that year's class. Then someone said, "Now you can use your Grandma's Box." From then on instead of coming to ask their possessions back, the students would say, "That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon."
I loved talking about the imaginary box, not only with my students but also with my own children. They enjoyed hearing about all the forbidden fruit I had collected. Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large, beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a reality.
1．What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students?
A．To collect the water pistol. B．To talk about her grandchildren.
C．To recommend some toys. D．To explain her teaching method.
2．What do the underlined words "the offender" in paragraph 8 refer to?
A．The student's parent. B．The maker of the Grandma's Box.
C．The author's grandchild. D．The owner of the forbidden fruit.
3．What did the students do after they learned about the birth of Gordon?
A．They went to play with the baby. B．They asked to see the Grandma's Box.
C．They made a present for Gordon. D．They stopped asking their toys back.
4．What can we infer about the author?
A．She enjoys telling jokes. B．She is a strict and smart teacher.
C．She loves doing woodwork. D．She is a responsible grandmother
Passage2
（2019﹒新课标全国卷III，B）
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks.
B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion.
B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from B. looking down on
C. working with D. competing against
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
Passage3
(2019·江苏卷，B)
In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before, he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is，however，a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone？
A. Its complicated geographical features.
B. Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C. The mysterious history of the park.
D. The exact location of the volcano.
59. What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about？
A. The shapes of volcanoes.
B. The impacts of volcanoes.
C. The activities of volcanoes.
D. The heights of volcanoes.
60. What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean？
A. Hot-air balloon. B. Digital camera.
C. Big photograph. D. Bird's view.
【新题模测】
Passage1
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are making waves nowadays, and although it’s too soon to determine their final influence on the universities across the country and the world, they are sparking off a lively debate among educators and students.
The first MOOC arrived on the scene back in 2011 when two Stanford teachers offered their artificial intelligence class online for free. Enrollment topped 160,000, and the unexpected success of the experiment encouraged other schools.
Supporters believe making quality educational instruction available to the public will provide higher quality and lower cost for many, and might easily be the best instructional model for the future. MOOCs can be attended by thousands or even hundreds of thousands of students at a time. In fact, Sebastian Thrun, one of the Stanford teachers who started it all, sees a day in which as few as 10 universities meet the world’s higher education needs.
Where MOOCs may provide quality instruction for many, detractors often see that very fact as its biggest failing. MOOCs don’t offer any individualized training, and some educators feel using it as a for-credit standard in the future will leave some students behind. A common argument is that individualized, face-to-face teaching works best in many cases. The lively exchange of ideas can activate a classroom.
Some find other aspects of MOOCs troubling. In the first MOOCs, plagiarism ( 剽 窃 ) was a problem and completion rates on the whole were low. This may have been because some students were curious about the format rather than focused on the study.
How will MOOCs progress in the future? No one knows for sure, but the modem classroom may turn out to be a combination of the old and the new, with on-campus activities like labs, debates and online activities working with massive online offerings to provide a special learning experience that’s cost-effective and convenient.
32．Which can best replace the underlined part in Paragraph 1?
A．Witnessing falling. B．Gaining wealth.
C．Getting recognition. D．Causing arguments.
33．What’s the advantage of MOOCs according to supporters?
A．Students can get unique training.
B．The atmosphere can easily activate students.
C．It offers an effective way to evaluate students.
D．Students can get high-quality education at a low cost.
34．How will MOOCs advance in the author’s view?
A．By increasing its enrollment rates.
B．By encouraging students’ participation.
C．By involving more experimental activities.
D．By combining on-campus and online activities.
35．What can be the best title for the text?
A．When is MOOCs Get Noticed?
B．How can MOOCs Develop so Fast?
C．Is MOOCs the Best Educational Model?
D．Do the Advantages Outweigh the Disadvantages?
Passage2
Briunna was just 12 years old when her mother became severely ill, allowing her to know what it was like to care for someone else. Although many members of her family were nurses, taking care of her mom was what influenced her the most and helped her decide to become a nurse.
After she didn’t get into UW-Eau Claire’s nursing program the first two times she applied, Briunna began exploring potential careers. She took several business classes, but quickly realized that business wasn’t the right fit for her and her real passion was in nursing. She applied to nursing again, and finally started the nursing program in the fall of 2019.
She was just months into her first semester as a nursing major when she hit the next bump in the road. In November 2019, Briunna became extremely ill, with symptoms ranging from difficult breathing to a high fever and a cough. Eventually, breathing became so difficult that she had to go to the emergency room therefore, Briunna could not attend classes the rest of the fall 2019 semester, focusing instead on regaining her mental and physical health.
While Briunna was still in hospital, she already had connected with fellow nursing majors as well as professors, who worked closely with her to make sure she stayed on course. Those connections made all the difference when she was trying to stay on track to graduation despite her illness.
In the spring, COVID-19 added additional obstacles（障碍）to her college journey, forcing her to find new ways to manage her time and keep herself motivated. What’s worse, she also was laid off from her part-time job when stores closed, making it more difficult to pay for college.
Despite all those obstacles, Briunna is on track to graduate with her nursing classmates in December 2021 and already is planning for what comes after she earns her bachelor’s degree in nursing.
28．What inspired Briunna to be a nurse?
A．Her interest in caring for others.
B．The influence from nurses in her family.
C．Her part-time job in a local hospital.
D．The experience of tending to her mother.
29．What does the underlined word “bump” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Disease. B．Barrier. C．Crossing. D．Failure.
30．How did Briumna stick to her nursing program during illness?
A．By attending classes with the aid of her classmates.
B．By seeking help from medical experts on the Internet.
C．By communicating with her classmates and professors.
D．By taking more courses than other nursing majors.
31．What can we learn from Briumna’s story?
A．Actions speak louder than words.
B．Many hands make light work.
C．Nothing is difficult to a willing heart.
D．One good turn deserves another.
Passage3
The word "inquiry"(or enquiry) comes from the Latin words "in", or "inward", and "quaere", which is the verb "to question". So inquiry is not just asking questions, it is questioning into something. It has the quality of getting into something, going deeper, so you can see what you haven't been able to see before.
When you begin an inquiry, you are deliberately setting out to search for what you don't know. You have to have the confidence to say that you might be able to figure it out for yourself. And in that process, you get a sense of real excitement and energy. That energy is both part of, and contributes to, what we often call "engagement". But in order to use inquiry to answer your question, you have to become good at knowing what you don't know. I would argue that that's exactly the opposite of what happens in schools. Classrooms focus on what you do know (or are supposed to know) and leave you unprepared to deal with the things you don't know.
In some ways, we are all surrounded by a bubble of the known. When you "know" something, you identify how your model of the world fits with and explains what you sec. Living in the bubble of the known is comfortable and comforting. You see what you know, and you know what you see. But to do inquiry, you have to get good at always looking for the boundaries of your knowledge, and at the limitations and contradictions within what is known. That is what scientists do. They are always looking for the limits, the boundaries and the points at which their theories fail to explain the world. Scientists, basically. are always looking for that “door” from the known to the unknown, where they can press forth（向前）and push and, in a sense, expand the bubble of the known. Inquiry is the action you take when you deliberately challenge the limits of your knowledge.
24．What is the passage mainly about?
A．What inquiry is all about.
B．The way to make an inquiry.
C．The importance of inquiry.
D．The effect of inquiry.
25．What does the author intend to tell about "inquiry" in Paragraph 1?
A．The word has existed for a long time.
B．The word means asking many questions.
C．The word didn't come from the English language.
D．The word means exploring further into something.
26．What should you know well to do inquiry?
A．What you already know.
B．What you don't know.
C．Whether you are confident.
D．Whether you are excited.
27．What does the underlined word "where" refer to?
A．In the real world.
B．Within the bubble.
C．In the world of the unknown.
D．At the door to the unknown.