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2022-2023学年湖南省衡阳市第八中学高一下学期开学考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省衡阳市第八中学高一下学期开学考试英语试题含解析，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
衡阳市八中2022级高一第二学期开学考试
英语
满分150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t care. B. He is very satisfied. C. He is a little disappointed.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Excited. B. Scared. C. Bored.
3. Where does the woman want to go tonight?
A. To the theater. B.To a restaurant. C.To the supermarket.
4. What is the woman worried about?
A. Missing her flight.
B. Having a traffic accident.
C. Being late for the football game.
5. Why does the man want another credit card?
A. To pay for a car.
B. To get a higher credit score.
C. To buy more things he needs.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What are the speakers probably?
A. Journalists. B. Doctors. C. Teachers.
7. What are the speakers probably going to do there?
A. Have a news making event.
B. Buy some equipment.
C. Go sightseeing.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. When is the man’s flight leaving?
A. Next Friday. B. Next Sunday. C. Next Saturday.
9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets?
A. $580. B. $1,160. C. $1,740.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When should students meet for the field trip?
A. At 7:00 am. B. At 7:15 am. C. At 8:00 am.
11. How will the boy probably get to school today?
A. Take the bus.
B. Take his mom’s car.
C. Take Mrs. Anderson’s car.
12. What is the relationship between the woman and Mrs. Anderson?
A. Colleagues.
B. Neighbors.
C. Best friends.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By bike. B. By subway. C. By car.
14. What will happen if the man is late for work?
A. His boss will yell (大喊) at him.
B. He will work overtime.
C. He will be fined.
15. Why does the woman like living in the city?
A. Her kids will get into good schools.
B. It makes it easier to work from home.
C. There are many interesting things to do.
16 What do the speakers have in common?
A. They both have children.
B. They both like driving.
C. They are both married.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the talk take place?
A. In England.
B. In Australia.
C. In the United States.
18. When was The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry published (出版)?
A. In 2014. B. In 2012. C. In 2007.
19. What award (奖) has Rachel Joyce won?
A. The Commonwealth Book Prize.
B. The Man Booker Prize.
C. The Tinniswood Award.
20. What did Rachel Joyce use to work as?
A. An actress. B. A TV host. C. A writer.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
✱A
Instructional Assistant Wanted
Oregon City School District 62
Oregon City, OR 97045
Full job description:
Under the direct guidance of a licensed teacher, the instructional assistant will deal with students during break time, in the classroom and perform other duties as assigned. Possible assignments could include one-on-one student assistance, special education classroom or general education classrooms for students from Kindergarten to 12th grade. Duties are at all schools in the district and assignments may be different each day.
Special requirements:
1. Must have the ability to work harmoniously with teachers, students, and other staff
2. Must have the ability to take direction appropriately, changing tasks as necessary
3. Must have 72 credit hours of post-high school studies, earned an Associate’s Degree or higher or passed the WorkKeys test
4. Must demonstrate excellent attendance and punctuality
5. Experience working with school-age students preferred but not required
6. Bilingual (双语的) in Spanish desired, but not required
When you come to registration you will need to bring the following:
1. Current Passport or Driver License and Social Security Card or Birth Certificate
2. Copy of post-high school transcript (成绩单) showing 72 credit hours or the Associate’s Degree or above or copy of the WorkKeys completion certificate
Applicants are required to be fingerprinted and have a criminal record check at their own expense (presently $12.50).
This position is 5.5 hours per day;181 days per years.
Rate of pay: $20 per hour
1. What do we know about instructional assistants?
A. Their daily wage is $181.
B. They take on tasks as assigned.
C. Their job is to form teacher-student bonds.
D. They work at different schools every day.
2. What is a requirement for instructional assistants?
A. Having teaching experience.
B. Having an Associate’s Degree.
C. Having a good command of Spanish.
D. Having extremely good attendance.
3. What do applicants have to bring to register?
A. Proof of identity.
B. The high school transcript.
C. The criminal record check form.
D. The WorkKeys completion certificate.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲的是俄勒冈市学区招聘助教的一则广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Full job description部分的“Under the direct guidance of a licensed teacher, the instructional assistant will deal with students during break time, in the classroom and perform other duties as assigned. (在持证教师的直接指导下，教学助理将在课间休息时间以及在教室里处理学生问题，并履行分配的其他职责)”可知，助教将在课间休息时间和课堂上帮助管理学生，还要做其他分配任务，也就是说助教要承担任和分配给他们的任务。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Special requirements部分的 “Must demonstrate excellent attendance and punctuality(必须证明出色的出勤和守时)”可知，助教必须要保证出色的出勤率。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据When you come to registration you will need to bring the following部分的“Current Passport or Driver License and Social Security Card or Birth Certificate(现行护照或驾驶执照及社会保障卡或出生证明)”可知，应聘者需要携带护照或驾照、社保卡或出生证明等能够证明身份的证件去应聘。故选A项。
B
As a child, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.
Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never agree because the walls were so old that some stones were loose and falling. However, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
“I want to climb the stone walls.” I said. “Heavens no! You’ll hurt yourself!” The response was just as I’d expected. But before I left the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute.”I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”
“Go,” he said to me, “and come and see me when you get back. ”For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls—and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I’ll never forget what he said. “Fred,” he said, smiling, “you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. ”There’s only one person in this whole world like you,“ the kids will hear me say, ”and people can like you exactly as you are.
4. Why did the writer enjoy his visits to the farm?
A. There were old stone houses. B. He could experience new fun there.
C. He missed his grandfather. D. He was allowed to climb the stone walls.
5. Which pf the following statements is true?
A. The writer didn’t expect his parents’ disagreement with his climbing the walls.
B. The writer didn’t know the possible danger of the stone walls.
C. The writer’s grandfather backed him up to follow his own heart.
D. The writer became a TV program host due to his grandfather’s influence.
6. Which word can be used to describe the grandfather?
A. Adventurous. B. Open-minded.
C. Tricky. D. Stubborn.
7. Which is probably the best title for the text?
A. Unforgettable Childhood. B. Do Whatever You Like.
C. Just Be Yourself. D. Like grandfather, like grandson.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候在乡村的经历。作者小时候很喜欢在祖父的农田上玩，并且渴望爬上围绕着农田的石墙。虽然大人们害怕爬墙会让作者伤到自己，但是祖父同意了。作者从自己的经历里面悟出一个道理：我们要做真实的自我。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a child, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.（当我还是个孩子的时候，没有什么比在宾夕法尼亚州西部祖父的农场里度过周日下午更让我喜欢的了。房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。）”可知，作者喜欢去农场是因为他可以在那里体验到新的乐趣。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句““Fred,” he said, smiling, “you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”（“弗雷德，”他微笑着说，“你做了你自己，使今天成为一个特别的日子。永远记住，这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，我喜欢真实的你。”）”可知，作者的祖父支持他遵从自己的内心。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I want to climb the stone walls.” I said. “Heavens, no! You’ll hurt yourself!” The response was just as I’d expected. But before I left the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute.”I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”（“我想爬上石墙。”我说。“天,不!你会伤到自己的!”大家的反应和我预料的一样。但在我离开房间之前，我被祖父的大声的声音打断了。“现在请稍等一下。”我听见他说。“让孩子爬上石墙。他必须学会自己做事。”）”可推知，祖父是一个非常开明的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“There’s only one person in this whole world like you,“ the kids will hear me say, ”and people can like you exactly as you are.（这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，”孩子们会听到我说，“人们会喜欢真实的你。）”结合作者与祖父之间的故事可知，本文主要围绕着“做你自己就好”这一主题。故选C项。
C
Can a computer think? That depends on what you mean by “think”. If solving a mathematical problem is “thinking”, then a computer can “think” and do so much faster than a man. Most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can be geared for that.
It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so. They can only do what men have them do. One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do. Our genes “program” us the instant the fertilized ovum (受精卵) is formed, and our potentialities are limited by that “program”.
Our “program” is so much more enormously complex, though, that we might like to define “thinking” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great play or composing a great symphony, into developing a brilliant scientific theory or a profound moral judgment. In that sense, computers certainly can’t think and neither can most humans.
Surely, though, if a computer can be made complex enough, it can be as creative as humans. If it could be made as complete as a human brain, it could be the equivalent of a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do.
But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate (复制) the human brain? Perhaps not as long as someone thinks. Long before we approach a computer as complex as our brain, we will perhaps build a computer that is at least complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so on and so on and so on.
In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is a “complexity explosion”. In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.
8. In what sense does the writer think that humans are programmed?
A. He thinks a man’s abilities are not limited, as a computer’s are.
B. Their characteristics, powers, etc. are fixed before birth.
C. In the sense that humans will always be superior to computers.
D. Computers must be operated by men, but man can operate by himself.
9. The writer mentions two kinds of “thinking”. They are________.
A. mathematical thinking and language thinking
B. writing thinking and composing thinking
C. mechanical thinking and creative thinking
D. none of the above
10. What does the “critical point” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. When one computer is itself clever enough to design a better one.
B. The point at which a computer is an exact copy of a human brain.
C. When a computer can be made as creative as we are.
D. When the computers destroy each other in an explosion.
11. The underlined word “explosion” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. damage B. noise
C. excitement D. leap forward
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了电脑是否会思考的问题，论述了人类的两种“思考”方式以及计算机是否存在超越人脑的可能性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do. Our genes “program” us the instant the fertilized ovum (受精卵) is formed, and our potentialities are limited by that “program”.”（人们必须记住，人类也只能做他们“被编程”要做的事情。我们的基因在受精卵形成的那一刻就给我们“编程”了，我们的潜能受到了这个“程序”的限制。）可知，作者认为人类被编程是由于人类的性格、能力等在出生前就已经由基因决定的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again.”（大多数数学问题都可以通过一遍又一遍地重复某些简单的过程来机械地解决。）以及第三段“Our “program” is so much more enormously complex, though, that we might like to define “thinking” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great play or composing a great symphony, into developing a brilliant scientific theory or a profound moral judgment.”（然而我们的“程序”是如此的复杂，以至于我们可能会把“思考”定义成创作一部伟大的戏剧或创作一部伟大的交响乐、发展一项杰出的科学理论或作出深刻的道德判断所需要的创造力。）可知，作者提到的两种“思考”是机械性思维和创造性思维。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.”（在那之后很短的时间内，可能存在的计算机不仅能复制人脑而且远远超过人脑。）可知，最后一段的临界点指的是一台电脑到达可以超越人类的智慧程度时，它为了超越人脑会设计出更好的电脑。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.”（在那之后很短的时间内，可能存在的计算机不仅能复制人脑而且远远超过人脑。）可知，计算机在我们突破临界点后会有实质性的飞跃可以超越人脑，说明计算机在未来会有迅速的发展，推断出explosion意为“快速发展”，与leap forward意思相同。故选D项。
D
At 3:30 a.m. EDT on April 19, the Ingenuity helicopter --- which landed on Mars with the Perseverance rover (漫游者) in February --- took off from the Martian surface. More importantly, it circled for about 30 seconds, three meters above the surface and came right back down again.
It may not sound like a huge achievement, but it is. Ingenuity’s flight is the first powered flight of an aircraft on another planet. It marks the milestone in the story of human space exploration.
There are several technological challenges to conduct helicopter flight in another world. First, and more significantly, helicopters need an atmosphere to fly. The blades (桨叶), or “rotors” of a helicopter must spin (旋转) fast enough to generate a force called “lift”. But lift can only be generated in the presence of some kind of atmosphere. While Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s much, much thinner than Earth’s --- about 100 times thinner, in fact.
Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet. For reference, commercial aircraft fly between 30,000-40,000 feet above the Earth’s surface and the highest we’ve ever been in a helicopter on Earth is 42,000 feet.
Then there’s the Martian gravity to consider. It is about one-third the strength of gravity on Earth, which means we’d be able to lift Ingenuity with less power than would be required here. But while Mars’ gravity works to our advantage, this is cancelled out by the lack of atmosphere.
Even sending the signal for the flight to begin required a collection of advanced technology. While it only requires minutes for radio signals to travel between Earth and Mars, there was still a delay of hours for those signals to reach the helicopter.
All these things require Ingenuity to be light enough. Actually, it weighs less than 4 pounds, stands just 1.6 feet tall, and carries batteries, heaters and sensors. Besides, its two rotors had to spin about 2,400 revolutions per minute — five times faster than on Earth.
When in flight, Ingenuity’s shadow gives the impression of oversized, four-winged dragonfly. But the tiny craft is set to make an enormous impact on space exploration. “Sojourner’s technical exposure in 1997 gave NASA the guarantee of future pilots. What the Ingenuity team has done has given us a new chance. I think that’s the way we build the future,” said JPL director Michael Watkins. In addition, Watkins believes that Ingenuity is expected to lay the foundation for more antigravity spacecraft capable of exploring other worlds in a totally new way.
12. Which of the following is of extraordinary significance according to the author?
A. The Ingenuity helicopter landed on Mars successfully
B. The Ingenuity helicopter made its first flight on Mars.
C. The Ingenuity helicopter stayed on Mars for a long time
D. The Ingenuity helicopter travelled between Mars and Earth.
13. What can we learn about Mars’ atmosphere?
A. It can hardly provide a lift for Ingenuity to fly.
B. It’s not safe for Ingenuity to fly high and fast.
C. It’s too thin to keep Ingenuity stable in the air.
D. It can only raise Ingenuity to a height of 100,000 feet.
14. What can we know from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6?
A. How Ingenuity performed during the flight
B. Why Ingenuity’s flight on Mars is a big deal
C. How Ingenuity survived the tough conditions of Mars
D. What contributed to the successful flight of Ingenuity
15. Why did Michael Watkins mention Sojourner?
A. To explain how its mission differs from Ingenuity’s.
B. To show technological progress in Mars exploration.
C To stress the significance of Ingenuity’s flight on Mars.
D. To illustrate the impact of space exploration on future flight.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行，以及其在在火星上飞行所需要的技术的突破。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It may not sound like a huge achievement, but it is. Ingenuity’s flight is the first powered flight of an aircraft on another planet. It marks the milestone in the story of human space exploration.（这听起来可能不是一个巨大的成就，但它是。这是飞行器在另一个星球上的首次机动飞行。它标志着人类太空探索史上的一个里程碑。）”可知“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But lift can only be generated in the presence of some kind of atmosphere. While Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s much, much thinner than Earth’s-about 100 times thinner, in fact.（但是升力只能在有某种大气存在的情况下产生。虽然火星确实有大气层，但它比地球要薄得多——事实上，大约是地球的100倍。）”以及文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet. For reference, commercial aircraft fly between 30,000-40,000 feet above the Earth’s surface and the highest we’ve ever been in a helicopter on Earth is 42,000 feet.（因此，在火星大气层中进行飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺的高空驾驶一架直升机。作为参考，商用飞机在地球表面上空3万~ 4万英尺之间飞行，我们在地球上乘坐的最高直升机是4.2万英尺。）”可知火星大气层几乎不能为“独创”号直升机提供飞行的动力。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There are several technological challenges to conduct helicopter flight in another world. First, and more significantly, helicopters need an atmosphere to fly.（在另一个世界进行直升机飞行有几个技术挑战。首先，更重要的是，直升机需要大气层才能飞行。）”；文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet.（在火星大气层飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺高空飞行的直升机。）”；文章第五段“Then there’s the Martian gravity to consider.（然后还要考虑火星的重力。）”；以及第六段“Even sending the signal for the flight to begin required a collection of advanced technology （即使是发射信号让飞行开始也需要一套先进的技术）”可知，文章第三段到第六段主要讲解的是为什么“独创”号在火星上的飞行是一件大事。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sojourner’s technical exposure in 1997 gave NASA the guarantee of future pilots. What the Ingenuity team has done has given us a new chance. I think that’s the way we build the future.（1997年，“旅居者”的技术接触给了NASA未来飞行员的保障。“独创”号团队的工作给了我们一个新的机会。我认为这就是我们创造未来的方式。）”可知，迈克尔·沃特金斯提到“旅居者”是为了强调“独创”号在火星上飞行的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
House Sitting
In many countries of the world people do what is called house sitting. It means that if owners of the house are going away, they want someone to come into their home and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.
In Australia, many people travel. After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country. ___16___
So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason, they might want someone in their home to care for it and keep the gardens tidy. House sitters might have to care for pets. Also, quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning.___17___ I feel it is a great way of seeing the country, because you go and stay in a new city, get to meet new people, and have time to go sightseeing in a new area.
___18___ There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel, and by replying to the advertisement, you can make arrangements to go and look after their home.
There are some requirements to be a house sitter. You must be a trusted person, so that the home owner knows you will not steal anything. You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go, so you need lots of free time.___19___ You need to be good with pets, able to care for cats and dogs, or other pets they may have.
Some house sitting jobs are just for a few days or a couple of weeks while the house owners have a short holiday. Sometimes it is for much longer. We have had one house sit for six months, while the home owner travelled to Europe.
___20___ Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there. One of the important things to get is references from the home owners where you have stayed. A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their home well. You can show these letters to possible house sitting jobs and they know you will do a good job.
A. I have done house sitting many times.
B. Thousands of people do this all the time.
C. It is also possible to do house sitting in other countries.
D. Generally you have many opportunities to get a house sitting job.
E. You must take a little care over what your description says about you.
F. This is an international house sitting service for all city and country areas.
G. You must have a good car, so you can travel to different parts of the country.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了国外有很多经常旅游的家庭，家里的宠物没法管啊，庭院需要打理，或者怕被偷被盗什么的可以找个house sitting就是帮人看房子的，人们可以通过得到看房子工作节省旅游成本，并到全世界旅行。
【16题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。根据上一句的提示，In Australia, many people travel. After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country.在澳大利亚有很多人旅游，应该是很多人都这样做。故B合适。
【17题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。A项说明作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对此做法的感受，故A合适。
【18题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。选项中的many opportunities与下一句介绍的There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel,相对应，有很多机会可以从事看房工作，故选D。
【19题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。因为目的是旅游，所以一辆好车是必备的，这样你可以很方便的去其他地方。故选G。
【20题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。由下文的you can travel to many different countries可知，此处讲去其他国家旅行也可以用这种方式，故C项符合。
【点睛】该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
其实，“七选五”跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行。另外，从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题；过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释性句子与上文脱节等。
一、先通读选项，理解句意，同时掌握选项特点并比较语义重心的异同。比如，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
二、再通读全文，了解大意并分析篇章结构，着重看空前空后。由于“七选五”空出的是句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系。因此，我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如；【小题2】A考查上下文理解。A项说明作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对此做法的感受，故A合适。
三、根据语境线索选择答案，注意抓住其关键词语。
语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指称、同构等。
1.篇章结构通常为总--分或总--分--总。
2.词语重现不是指词语的简单再现，而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、性、数、格、时、体、态等形式出现。如read, reading, readers，还可能以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
------------------------------------------------
【小题1】
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My sales career was almost cut short by my parents. I was 11, a member of the Girl Scouts, and preparing to sell our first Thin Mints. Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes each, which would make us qualified for the ___21___. I considered knocking on strangers’ doors and hoping to win them over.
But when I___22___ my parents the permission paper to do this, they___23___handed it back unsigned. They thought it was ___24___ that their child would ask neighbors for ___25___. I defended my case: The ____26____want delicious cookies!
Finally, they ___27___, and I hit the streets. Door after door, I found that the ____28____ basically sold itself and all I had to do was adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon. The Girl Scouts____29____ me with a cup that had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it. I felt _____30_____ .
I went on to have a long career in sales. Now when I_____31_____ that first adventure, what I see is a young girl who instinctively_____32_____the most important thing about selling. It’s about _____33_____ a service—bringing them the things they want and need, so that, in the best of situations, any product_____34_____ itself as well as the cookies did. That’s why I still have that cup, which I keep as a ______35______
21. A. candies B. certificates C. prizes D. designs
22. A. showed B. handed C. instructed D. sent
23. A. accidentally B. obviously C. hardly D. immediately
24. A. astonishing B. boring C. embarrassing D. confusing
25. A. food B. money C. support D. service
26. A. customers B. passengers C. listeners D. visitors
27. A. disappeared B. agreed C. struggled D. continued
28. A. product B. present C. object D. instrument
29. A. associated B. helped C. charged D. rewarded
30. A. interested B. recognized C. confused D. unprepared
31. A. look back on B. keep up with C. get close to D. make up for
32. A. doubted B. noticed C. understood D. remembered
33. A. requiring B. expecting C. checking D. providing
34. A. creates B. replaces C. sells D. reflects
35. A. present B. reminder C. surprise D. secret
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者小时候参加卖饼干的活动和父母产生了分歧，最终父母答应她去卖饼干，她做得很好，得到了一个杯子作为奖励，觉得受到了认可。她认为销售是给顾客提供想要的和需要的东西。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是每盒至少卖出50盒，这将使我们有资格获得奖品。A. candies糖果；B. certificates证书；C. prizes奖品；D. designs设计。根据下文“hoping to win them over”可知，作者希望赢得奖品。故选 C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A. showed展示；B. handed递给；C. instructed指导；D. sent寄。根据下文“they 4 handed it back unsigned.”可知，作者递给了父母同意书去做这件事。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A. accidentally偶然地；B. obviously明显地；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately迅速地。根据后文“They thought it was 4 that their child would ask neighbors for 5 .”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬，他们不同意作者卖饼干，因此他们迅速地没签字就把同意书还给了作者。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. astonishing令人惊奇的；B. boring无聊的，令人厌烦的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. confusing令人迷惑的。根据前文“they 4 handed it back unsigned”可知，作者父母之所以不同意那是因为作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. food食物；B. money金钱；C. support支持；C. service服务。根据前文“Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes each”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己辩护道：顾客想要美味的饼干！A. customers顾客；B. passengers乘客；C. listeners听者；D. visitors游客。根据上文“preparing to sell my first Thin Mints.”可知，作者把饼干卖给顾客。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们同意了，我就上街了卖东西了。A. disappeared消失；B. agreed同意；C. struggled奋斗；D. continued继续。根据后文“I hit the streets.”可知，起初作者父母不同意她卖饼干，经过作者请求，最后他们同意了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走了一家又一家，我发现产品基本上都卖得很好，我所要做的就是用我的丝带增加一些额外的魅力。A. product产品；B. present礼物；C. object物体；D. instrument乐器；仪器。根据前文“want delicious cookies! ”可知，作者卖的是饼干，也是产品。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军奖励我一个上面印着拇指的黄色笑脸的杯子。A. associated联系；B. helped帮助；C. charged指控；D. rewarded奖励。根据前文“basically sold itself and all I had to do was adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon.”可知，作者顺利卖完了产品，因此The Girl Scouts 给了她奖励。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得得到了认可。A. interested感兴趣的；B. recognized被认可的；C. confused迷惑的；D. unprepared未准备的。根据上文“The Girl Scouts 9 me with a cup that had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it.”可知，作者得到了一个上面印着竖起大拇指的杯子，因此感觉得到了认可。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A. look back on回顾；B. keep up with赶上；C. get close to接近；D. make up for弥补。根据下文“what I see is a young girl who instinctively 12 understood the most important thing about selling.”可知，作者回顾第一次经历。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A. doubted怀疑；B. noticed注意；C. understood理解；D. remembered记住。根据后文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，这个服务是带给顾客想要和需要的东西，这是作者从销售中学到的东西，也是理解的道理。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. requiring要求；B. expecting期待；C. checking检查；审查；D. providing提供，根据下文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，销售是提供一种服务。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. creates创造；B. replaces代替；C. sells出售；D. reflects反映。根据后文“the cookies did”可知，did 指代 sold，因此可推断产品也是出售。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我还有那只杯子，我把它作为一个提醒。A. present礼物；B. reminder提醒物；C. surprise惊喜；D. secret秘密。根据前文“That’s why I still have that cup”可知，这个杯子是作者因为第一次卖饼干的出色表现获得的奖品，这次经历让作者意识到给顾客带来他们想要和需要的东西，因此这个杯子至今还保存着是作为一个提醒。故选B项。
✱第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词正确形式填空。
In recent years, many original Chinese children's novels and picture books, with moving stories and Chinese elements, ______36______(reach)great heights in the international markets. Children's books have clocked 7.3 million volumes, ______37______(account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.
Three factors have ______38______(great) contributed to the ______39______(grow): the depth of the story, traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the characters.
The meaning of children's books lies in conveying the profound connotation (内涵)behind the story. Through the unique interpretation of the humanity and the environment, ______40______(write) share the same feelings with Chinese and Western readers.
Mr Cao, ______41______is the writer of Bronze and Sunflower, even won Hans Christian Andersen Award. The English version of the book was published in 2015 by a British company, ______42______republished in 2017. It was included in "the voice of the world -- the world's ______43______(beautiful) novel series".
The book tells the story of the growing relationship ______44______a city girl, Sunflower, and a country boy, Bronze. The author displays the extreme struggle of the characters in ______45______face of hardship, and describes the true, the good and the beautiful in human nature with vigor(活力) and warmth.
【答案】36. have reached
37. accounting
38. greatly
39. growth 40. writers
41. who 42. and
43. most beautiful
44. between
45. the
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，许多中国儿童的小说和图画书，有动人的故事和中国元素，在国际市场上达到了很高的高度。有三个因素极大地促进了这种增长：故事的深度、中国传统元素和人物的情感。本文介绍了作家曹先生及他的获奖作品Bronze and Sunflower。
【36题详解】
根据In recent years,可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是many original Chinese children's novels and picture books所以谓语动词用复数形式，故答案为have reached。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：儿童书籍的销量达到730万册，占所有图书出口的50.33%。此处是现在分词做伴随状态，故答案为accounting。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。此处contribute是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为greatly。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。定冠词the用在名词前面，故答案为growth。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：通过对人文和环境的独特解读，作家们与中国和西方读者有着同样的感受。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为writers。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：曹先生，Bronze 和 Sunflower的作者，甚至赢得了安徒生奖。此处Cao Wenxuan是先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语和引导词，故答案为who。
【42题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：这本书的英文版于2015年由一家英国公司出版，并于2017年再版。此处表示递进的并列关系，故答案为and。
【43题详解】
考查最高级。句意：它被收录在“世界之声——世界上最美丽的小说系列”中。可知此处用形容词最高级，故答案为most beautiful。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩，向日葵和乡村男孩，青铜的故事。between ---and---，两者之间，故答案为between。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：作者展示了面对苦难人物的极端斗争，并用活力和热情描述了人性的真实、善良和美丽。in the face of面对着---，故在face前加the。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom来信说他即将作为交换生来中国学习，他想提前了解中国饮食文化。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 介绍中国饮食文化(如食物、筷子、就餐氛围等);
3. 期待他的到来。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I am delighted that you are coming to China soon. Let me tell you something about Chinese eating culture.
Firstly, Chinese food has a great reputation for its delicious tastes and diverse cooking methods, which appeals to people at home and abroad. Typical examples are dumplings, noodles and hotpots, as you may have heard of. Besides, what highlights Chinese eating habits is the use of the chopsticks. What’s more, it’s common for Chinese people to talk over meals, which is regarded as a sign of being friendly.
There are more waiting for you to experience. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给将作为交换生来中国学习的外国朋友Tom写一封邮件，帮助他提前了解中国的饮食文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
首先：firstly→first of all
各种各样的：diverse→various
而且：what’s more→furthermore
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There are more waiting for you to experience.
拓展句：There are more things which are waiting for you to experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, what highlights Chinese eating habits is the use of the chopsticks.(运用了what引导的主语主句)
【高分句型2】What’s more, it’s common for Chinese people to talk over meals, which is regarded as a sign of being friendly.(运用了which引导的非限制性导语从句)
✱第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Difference a Teacher Can Make
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever by the U.S. education system. Remarkably, he could read, yet, he was failing. He had been failing since first grade. Though Steve looked bigger than his age, yet he went unnoticed… until Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful lady! Steve liked his new teacher; yet, still he failed. He never did his homework. Whenever he was punished for failing to turn in his homework, he felt just terrible! Still, he did not study.
Last week, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was not in school, but in the woods, where he often stayed alone after school. He was always alone because no one cared. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!” Shocked, he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!” Miss White began to go over the test results for the seventh grade. “You all did pretty well” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp stare. “The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!” She just stared at Steve, as the class turned around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing changed him.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it: someone cared about him!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The following Monday, Miss White gave another test.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it: someone cared about him! He couldn’t believe his ears. He looked up at Miss White in wonder. From her eager eyes, he could feel the warmth and the real care. On the way back home, those words constantly echoed in his mind. When he got home, for the first time in his life, he didn’t storm out of the room for the woods. He seated himself before the desk and placed his schoolbooks on it. Determined, he turned the first page open.
The following Monday, Miss White gave another test. Spreading the paper carefully on his desk, Steve hurried through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. Obviously puzzled, Miss White began to look it over. In shock, she glanced up at Steve, then down, then up. Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. “The smartest boy had just passed his first test!” she announced, proud and excited! At her words, Steve cracked a big smile, with his eyes sparkling with joy and gratitude. He knew that was all because of a teacher who cared about him
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述12岁的Steve，父母都是酒鬼，他的成绩一直不及格。在一次七年级测试中，White老师说他是最聪明的男孩但是成绩却不及格。随后White老师对他进行鼓励和关心，让他感受到了温暖和真切的关怀，于是用功学习，终于在下一次考试中及格了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“哇！突然，史蒂夫明白了：有人关心他！”可知，第一段描述Steve在感受到White老师深切的关怀后的一系列心理变化和他在回家后的行为，他开始认真写作业了。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的星期一，怀特小姐做了另一次测试。”可知，第二段描述Steve测试的过程和结果，他通过了他的第一次考试。
2.续写线索：Steve的心理变化——Steve回家——Steve写作业——Steve做测验——Steve第一次及格——Steve的喜悦和感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.回家：get home/return home/ go back home
②.冲出：storm out/rush out
③.交卷：hand in paper/submit paper
情绪类
①.困惑：puzzled/confused
②.震惊地：In shock/astonishingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Steve hurried through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.（运用了不定式作后置定语）
[高分句型2]. He knew that was all because of a teacher who cared about him.（运用了who引导的限定性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBAAB 6- 10 AA ACB 11- 15 CBABC 16-20 CCBCA
衡阳市八中2022级高一第二学期开学考试
英语
满分150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t care. B. He is very satisfied. C. He is a little disappointed.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Excited. B. Scared. C. Bored.
3. Where does the woman want to go tonight?
A. To the theater. B.To a restaurant. C.To the supermarket.
4. What is the woman worried about?
A. Missing her flight.
B. Having a traffic accident.
C. Being late for the football game.
5. Why does the man want another credit card?
A. To pay for a car.
B. To get a higher credit score.
C. To buy more things he needs.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What are the speakers probably?
A. Journalists. B. Doctors. C. Teachers.
7. What are the speakers probably going to do there?
A. Have a news making event.
B. Buy some equipment.
C. Go sightseeing.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. When is the man’s flight leaving?
A. Next Friday. B. Next Sunday. C. Next Saturday.
9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets?
A. $580. B. $1,160. C. $1,740.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When should students meet for the field trip?
A. At 7:00 am. B. At 7:15 am. C. At 8:00 am.
11. How will the boy probably get to school today?
A. Take the bus.
B. Take his mom’s car.
C. Take Mrs. Anderson’s car.
12. What is the relationship between the woman and Mrs. Anderson?
A. Colleagues.
B. Neighbors.
C. Best friends.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By bike. B. By subway. C. By car.
14. What will happen if the man is late for work?
A. His boss will yell (大喊) at him.
B. He will work overtime.
C. He will be fined.
15. Why does the woman like living in the city?
A. Her kids will get into good schools.
B. It makes it easier to work from home.
C. There are many interesting things to do.
16 What do the speakers have in common?
A. They both have children.
B. They both like driving.
C. They are both married.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does the talk take place?
A. In England.
B. In Australia.
C. In the United States.
18. When was The Unlikely Pilgrimage of Harold Fry published (出版)?
A. In 2014. B. In 2012. C. In 2007.
19. What award (奖) has Rachel Joyce won?
A. The Commonwealth Book Prize.
B. The Man Booker Prize.
C. The Tinniswood Award.
20. What did Rachel Joyce use to work as?
A. An actress. B. A TV host. C. A writer.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
✱A
Instructional Assistant Wanted
Oregon City School District 62
Oregon City, OR 97045
Full job description:
Under the direct guidance of a licensed teacher, the instructional assistant will deal with students during break time, in the classroom and perform other duties as assigned. Possible assignments could include one-on-one student assistance, special education classroom or general education classrooms for students from Kindergarten to 12th grade. Duties are at all schools in the district and assignments may be different each day.
Special requirements:
1. Must have the ability to work harmoniously with teachers, students, and other staff
2. Must have the ability to take direction appropriately, changing tasks as necessary
3. Must have 72 credit hours of post-high school studies, earned an Associate’s Degree or higher or passed the WorkKeys test
4. Must demonstrate excellent attendance and punctuality
5. Experience working with school-age students preferred but not required
6. Bilingual (双语的) in Spanish desired, but not required
When you come to registration you will need to bring the following:
1. Current Passport or Driver License and Social Security Card or Birth Certificate
2. Copy of post-high school transcript (成绩单) showing 72 credit hours or the Associate’s Degree or above or copy of the WorkKeys completion certificate
Applicants are required to be fingerprinted and have a criminal record check at their own expense (presently $12.50).
This position is 5.5 hours per day;181 days per years.
Rate of pay: $20 per hour
1. What do we know about instructional assistants?
A. Their daily wage is $181.
B. They take on tasks as assigned.
C. Their job is to form teacher-student bonds.
D. They work at different schools every day.
2. What is a requirement for instructional assistants?
A. Having teaching experience.
B. Having an Associate’s Degree.
C. Having a good command of Spanish.
D. Having extremely good attendance.
3. What do applicants have to bring to register?
A. Proof of identity.
B. The high school transcript.
C. The criminal record check form.
D. The WorkKeys completion certificate.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲的是俄勒冈市学区招聘助教的一则广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Full job description部分的“Under the direct guidance of a licensed teacher, the instructional assistant will deal with students during break time, in the classroom and perform other duties as assigned. (在持证教师的直接指导下，教学助理将在课间休息时间以及在教室里处理学生问题，并履行分配的其他职责)”可知，助教将在课间休息时间和课堂上帮助管理学生，还要做其他分配任务，也就是说助教要承担任和分配给他们的任务。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Special requirements部分的 “Must demonstrate excellent attendance and punctuality(必须证明出色的出勤和守时)”可知，助教必须要保证出色的出勤率。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据When you come to registration you will need to bring the following部分的“Current Passport or Driver License and Social Security Card or Birth Certificate(现行护照或驾驶执照及社会保障卡或出生证明)”可知，应聘者需要携带护照或驾照、社保卡或出生证明等能够证明身份的证件去应聘。故选A项。
B
As a child, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.
Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never agree because the walls were so old that some stones were loose and falling. However, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
“I want to climb the stone walls.” I said. “Heavens no! You’ll hurt yourself!” The response was just as I’d expected. But before I left the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute.”I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”
“Go,” he said to me, “and come and see me when you get back. ”For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls—and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventures. I’ll never forget what he said. “Fred,” he said, smiling, “you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. ”There’s only one person in this whole world like you,“ the kids will hear me say, ”and people can like you exactly as you are.
4. Why did the writer enjoy his visits to the farm?
A. There were old stone houses. B. He could experience new fun there.
C. He missed his grandfather. D. He was allowed to climb the stone walls.
5. Which pf the following statements is true?
A. The writer didn’t expect his parents’ disagreement with his climbing the walls.
B. The writer didn’t know the possible danger of the stone walls.
C. The writer’s grandfather backed him up to follow his own heart.
D. The writer became a TV program host due to his grandfather’s influence.
6. Which word can be used to describe the grandfather?
A. Adventurous. B. Open-minded.
C. Tricky. D. Stubborn.
7. Which is probably the best title for the text?
A. Unforgettable Childhood. B. Do Whatever You Like.
C. Just Be Yourself. D. Like grandfather, like grandson.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候在乡村的经历。作者小时候很喜欢在祖父的农田上玩，并且渴望爬上围绕着农田的石墙。虽然大人们害怕爬墙会让作者伤到自己，但是祖父同意了。作者从自己的经历里面悟出一个道理：我们要做真实的自我。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a child, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.（当我还是个孩子的时候，没有什么比在宾夕法尼亚州西部祖父的农场里度过周日下午更让我喜欢的了。房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。）”可知，作者喜欢去农场是因为他可以在那里体验到新的乐趣。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句““Fred,” he said, smiling, “you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”（“弗雷德，”他微笑着说，“你做了你自己，使今天成为一个特别的日子。永远记住，这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，我喜欢真实的你。”）”可知，作者的祖父支持他遵从自己的内心。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I want to climb the stone walls.” I said. “Heavens, no! You’ll hurt yourself!” The response was just as I’d expected. But before I left the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s loud voice. “Now hold on just a minute.”I heard him say. “Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”（“我想爬上石墙。”我说。“天,不!你会伤到自己的!”大家的反应和我预料的一样。但在我离开房间之前，我被祖父的大声的声音打断了。“现在请稍等一下。”我听见他说。“让孩子爬上石墙。他必须学会自己做事。”）”可推知，祖父是一个非常开明的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“There’s only one person in this whole world like you,“ the kids will hear me say, ”and people can like you exactly as you are.（这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，”孩子们会听到我说，“人们会喜欢真实的你。）”结合作者与祖父之间的故事可知，本文主要围绕着“做你自己就好”这一主题。故选C项。
C
Can a computer think? That depends on what you mean by “think”. If solving a mathematical problem is “thinking”, then a computer can “think” and do so much faster than a man. Most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can be geared for that.
It is frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are “programmed” to do so. They can only do what men have them do. One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do. Our genes “program” us the instant the fertilized ovum (受精卵) is formed, and our potentialities are limited by that “program”.
Our “program” is so much more enormously complex, though, that we might like to define “thinking” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great play or composing a great symphony, into developing a brilliant scientific theory or a profound moral judgment. In that sense, computers certainly can’t think and neither can most humans.
Surely, though, if a computer can be made complex enough, it can be as creative as humans. If it could be made as complete as a human brain, it could be the equivalent of a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do.
But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate (复制) the human brain? Perhaps not as long as someone thinks. Long before we approach a computer as complex as our brain, we will perhaps build a computer that is at least complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so on and so on and so on.
In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is a “complexity explosion”. In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.
8. In what sense does the writer think that humans are programmed?
A. He thinks a man’s abilities are not limited, as a computer’s are.
B. Their characteristics, powers, etc. are fixed before birth.
C. In the sense that humans will always be superior to computers.
D. Computers must be operated by men, but man can operate by himself.
9. The writer mentions two kinds of “thinking”. They are________.
A. mathematical thinking and language thinking
B. writing thinking and composing thinking
C. mechanical thinking and creative thinking
D. none of the above
10. What does the “critical point” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. When one computer is itself clever enough to design a better one.
B. The point at which a computer is an exact copy of a human brain.
C. When a computer can be made as creative as we are.
D. When the computers destroy each other in an explosion.
11. The underlined word “explosion” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. damage B. noise
C. excitement D. leap forward
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了电脑是否会思考的问题，论述了人类的两种“思考”方式以及计算机是否存在超越人脑的可能性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One must remember that human beings also can only do what they are “programmed” to do. Our genes “program” us the instant the fertilized ovum (受精卵) is formed, and our potentialities are limited by that “program”.”（人们必须记住，人类也只能做他们“被编程”要做的事情。我们的基因在受精卵形成的那一刻就给我们“编程”了，我们的潜能受到了这个“程序”的限制。）可知，作者认为人类被编程是由于人类的性格、能力等在出生前就已经由基因决定的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again.”（大多数数学问题都可以通过一遍又一遍地重复某些简单的过程来机械地解决。）以及第三段“Our “program” is so much more enormously complex, though, that we might like to define “thinking” in terms of the creativity that goes into writing a great play or composing a great symphony, into developing a brilliant scientific theory or a profound moral judgment.”（然而我们的“程序”是如此的复杂，以至于我们可能会把“思考”定义成创作一部伟大的戏剧或创作一部伟大的交响乐、发展一项杰出的科学理论或作出深刻的道德判断所需要的创造力。）可知，作者提到的两种“思考”是机械性思维和创造性思维。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.”（在那之后很短的时间内，可能存在的计算机不仅能复制人脑而且远远超过人脑。）可知，最后一段的临界点指的是一台电脑到达可以超越人类的智慧程度时，它为了超越人脑会设计出更好的电脑。故选A项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain but far surpass it.”（在那之后很短的时间内，可能存在的计算机不仅能复制人脑而且远远超过人脑。）可知，计算机在我们突破临界点后会有实质性的飞跃可以超越人脑，说明计算机在未来会有迅速的发展，推断出explosion意为“快速发展”，与leap forward意思相同。故选D项。
D
At 3:30 a.m. EDT on April 19, the Ingenuity helicopter --- which landed on Mars with the Perseverance rover (漫游者) in February --- took off from the Martian surface. More importantly, it circled for about 30 seconds, three meters above the surface and came right back down again.
It may not sound like a huge achievement, but it is. Ingenuity’s flight is the first powered flight of an aircraft on another planet. It marks the milestone in the story of human space exploration.
There are several technological challenges to conduct helicopter flight in another world. First, and more significantly, helicopters need an atmosphere to fly. The blades (桨叶), or “rotors” of a helicopter must spin (旋转) fast enough to generate a force called “lift”. But lift can only be generated in the presence of some kind of atmosphere. While Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s much, much thinner than Earth’s --- about 100 times thinner, in fact.
Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet. For reference, commercial aircraft fly between 30,000-40,000 feet above the Earth’s surface and the highest we’ve ever been in a helicopter on Earth is 42,000 feet.
Then there’s the Martian gravity to consider. It is about one-third the strength of gravity on Earth, which means we’d be able to lift Ingenuity with less power than would be required here. But while Mars’ gravity works to our advantage, this is cancelled out by the lack of atmosphere.
Even sending the signal for the flight to begin required a collection of advanced technology. While it only requires minutes for radio signals to travel between Earth and Mars, there was still a delay of hours for those signals to reach the helicopter.
All these things require Ingenuity to be light enough. Actually, it weighs less than 4 pounds, stands just 1.6 feet tall, and carries batteries, heaters and sensors. Besides, its two rotors had to spin about 2,400 revolutions per minute — five times faster than on Earth.
When in flight, Ingenuity’s shadow gives the impression of oversized, four-winged dragonfly. But the tiny craft is set to make an enormous impact on space exploration. “Sojourner’s technical exposure in 1997 gave NASA the guarantee of future pilots. What the Ingenuity team has done has given us a new chance. I think that’s the way we build the future,” said JPL director Michael Watkins. In addition, Watkins believes that Ingenuity is expected to lay the foundation for more antigravity spacecraft capable of exploring other worlds in a totally new way.
12. Which of the following is of extraordinary significance according to the author?
A. The Ingenuity helicopter landed on Mars successfully
B. The Ingenuity helicopter made its first flight on Mars.
C. The Ingenuity helicopter stayed on Mars for a long time
D. The Ingenuity helicopter travelled between Mars and Earth.
13. What can we learn about Mars’ atmosphere?
A. It can hardly provide a lift for Ingenuity to fly.
B. It’s not safe for Ingenuity to fly high and fast.
C. It’s too thin to keep Ingenuity stable in the air.
D. It can only raise Ingenuity to a height of 100,000 feet.
14. What can we know from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6?
A. How Ingenuity performed during the flight
B. Why Ingenuity’s flight on Mars is a big deal
C. How Ingenuity survived the tough conditions of Mars
D. What contributed to the successful flight of Ingenuity
15. Why did Michael Watkins mention Sojourner?
A. To explain how its mission differs from Ingenuity’s.
B. To show technological progress in Mars exploration.
C To stress the significance of Ingenuity’s flight on Mars.
D. To illustrate the impact of space exploration on future flight.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行，以及其在在火星上飞行所需要的技术的突破。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It may not sound like a huge achievement, but it is. Ingenuity’s flight is the first powered flight of an aircraft on another planet. It marks the milestone in the story of human space exploration.（这听起来可能不是一个巨大的成就，但它是。这是飞行器在另一个星球上的首次机动飞行。它标志着人类太空探索史上的一个里程碑。）”可知“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But lift can only be generated in the presence of some kind of atmosphere. While Mars does have an atmosphere, it’s much, much thinner than Earth’s-about 100 times thinner, in fact.（但是升力只能在有某种大气存在的情况下产生。虽然火星确实有大气层，但它比地球要薄得多——事实上，大约是地球的100倍。）”以及文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet. For reference, commercial aircraft fly between 30,000-40,000 feet above the Earth’s surface and the highest we’ve ever been in a helicopter on Earth is 42,000 feet.（因此，在火星大气层中进行飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺的高空驾驶一架直升机。作为参考，商用飞机在地球表面上空3万~ 4万英尺之间飞行，我们在地球上乘坐的最高直升机是4.2万英尺。）”可知火星大气层几乎不能为“独创”号直升机提供飞行的动力。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“There are several technological challenges to conduct helicopter flight in another world. First, and more significantly, helicopters need an atmosphere to fly.（在另一个世界进行直升机飞行有几个技术挑战。首先，更重要的是，直升机需要大气层才能飞行。）”；文章第四段“Flying Ingenuity in Mar’s atmosphere is therefore the equivalent (对等物) of flying a helicopter on Earth at a height of 100,000 feet.（在火星大气层飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺高空飞行的直升机。）”；文章第五段“Then there’s the Martian gravity to consider.（然后还要考虑火星的重力。）”；以及第六段“Even sending the signal for the flight to begin required a collection of advanced technology （即使是发射信号让飞行开始也需要一套先进的技术）”可知，文章第三段到第六段主要讲解的是为什么“独创”号在火星上的飞行是一件大事。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sojourner’s technical exposure in 1997 gave NASA the guarantee of future pilots. What the Ingenuity team has done has given us a new chance. I think that’s the way we build the future.（1997年，“旅居者”的技术接触给了NASA未来飞行员的保障。“独创”号团队的工作给了我们一个新的机会。我认为这就是我们创造未来的方式。）”可知，迈克尔·沃特金斯提到“旅居者”是为了强调“独创”号在火星上飞行的重要性。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
House Sitting
In many countries of the world people do what is called house sitting. It means that if owners of the house are going away, they want someone to come into their home and look after the house and maybe pets while they are away.
In Australia, many people travel. After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country. ___16___
So if someone wants to travel or go away for some reason, they might want someone in their home to care for it and keep the gardens tidy. House sitters might have to care for pets. Also, quite a few people have swimming pools in their back yard and they need cleaning.___17___ I feel it is a great way of seeing the country, because you go and stay in a new city, get to meet new people, and have time to go sightseeing in a new area.
___18___ There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel, and by replying to the advertisement, you can make arrangements to go and look after their home.
There are some requirements to be a house sitter. You must be a trusted person, so that the home owner knows you will not steal anything. You must be able to go when the house owner wants you to go, so you need lots of free time.___19___ You need to be good with pets, able to care for cats and dogs, or other pets they may have.
Some house sitting jobs are just for a few days or a couple of weeks while the house owners have a short holiday. Sometimes it is for much longer. We have had one house sit for six months, while the home owner travelled to Europe.
___20___ Then you can travel to many different countries and stay there. One of the important things to get is references from the home owners where you have stayed. A reference is a written letter to say that you are trustworthy and have looked after their home well. You can show these letters to possible house sitting jobs and they know you will do a good job.
A. I have done house sitting many times.
B. Thousands of people do this all the time.
C. It is also possible to do house sitting in other countries.
D. Generally you have many opportunities to get a house sitting job.
E. You must take a little care over what your description says about you.
F. This is an international house sitting service for all city and country areas.
G. You must have a good car, so you can travel to different parts of the country.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了国外有很多经常旅游的家庭，家里的宠物没法管啊，庭院需要打理，或者怕被偷被盗什么的可以找个house sitting就是帮人看房子的，人们可以通过得到看房子工作节省旅游成本，并到全世界旅行。
【16题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。根据上一句的提示，In Australia, many people travel. After people retire, they might buy a van and travel all over the country.在澳大利亚有很多人旅游，应该是很多人都这样做。故B合适。
【17题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。A项说明作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对此做法的感受，故A合适。
【18题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。选项中的many opportunities与下一句介绍的There are websites where you find the advertisements by people who want to travel,相对应，有很多机会可以从事看房工作，故选D。
【19题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。因为目的是旅游，所以一辆好车是必备的，这样你可以很方便的去其他地方。故选G。
【20题详解】
考查上下文语境理解。由下文的you can travel to many different countries可知，此处讲去其他国家旅行也可以用这种方式，故C项符合。
【点睛】该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
其实，“七选五”跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行。另外，从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题；过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构；注释性句子与上文脱节等。
一、先通读选项，理解句意，同时掌握选项特点并比较语义重心的异同。比如，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
二、再通读全文，了解大意并分析篇章结构，着重看空前空后。由于“七选五”空出的是句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系。因此，我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如；【小题2】A考查上下文理解。A项说明作者经常这样做，下文描述的是作者对此做法的感受，故A合适。
三、根据语境线索选择答案，注意抓住其关键词语。
语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指称、同构等。
1.篇章结构通常为总--分或总--分--总。
2.词语重现不是指词语的简单再现，而是指某个词语可能以不同的词类、性、数、格、时、体、态等形式出现。如read, reading, readers，还可能以同义词或反义词的形式出现。
------------------------------------------------
【小题1】
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My sales career was almost cut short by my parents. I was 11, a member of the Girl Scouts, and preparing to sell our first Thin Mints. Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes each, which would make us qualified for the ___21___. I considered knocking on strangers’ doors and hoping to win them over.
But when I___22___ my parents the permission paper to do this, they___23___handed it back unsigned. They thought it was ___24___ that their child would ask neighbors for ___25___. I defended my case: The ____26____want delicious cookies!
Finally, they ___27___, and I hit the streets. Door after door, I found that the ____28____ basically sold itself and all I had to do was adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon. The Girl Scouts____29____ me with a cup that had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it. I felt _____30_____ .
I went on to have a long career in sales. Now when I_____31_____ that first adventure, what I see is a young girl who instinctively_____32_____the most important thing about selling. It’s about _____33_____ a service—bringing them the things they want and need, so that, in the best of situations, any product_____34_____ itself as well as the cookies did. That’s why I still have that cup, which I keep as a ______35______
21. A. candies B. certificates C. prizes D. designs
22. A. showed B. handed C. instructed D. sent
23. A. accidentally B. obviously C. hardly D. immediately
24. A. astonishing B. boring C. embarrassing D. confusing
25. A. food B. money C. support D. service
26. A. customers B. passengers C. listeners D. visitors
27. A. disappeared B. agreed C. struggled D. continued
28. A. product B. present C. object D. instrument
29. A. associated B. helped C. charged D. rewarded
30. A. interested B. recognized C. confused D. unprepared
31. A. look back on B. keep up with C. get close to D. make up for
32. A. doubted B. noticed C. understood D. remembered
33. A. requiring B. expecting C. checking D. providing
34. A. creates B. replaces C. sells D. reflects
35. A. present B. reminder C. surprise D. secret
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者小时候参加卖饼干的活动和父母产生了分歧，最终父母答应她去卖饼干，她做得很好，得到了一个杯子作为奖励，觉得受到了认可。她认为销售是给顾客提供想要的和需要的东西。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是每盒至少卖出50盒，这将使我们有资格获得奖品。A. candies糖果；B. certificates证书；C. prizes奖品；D. designs设计。根据下文“hoping to win them over”可知，作者希望赢得奖品。故选 C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A. showed展示；B. handed递给；C. instructed指导；D. sent寄。根据下文“they 4 handed it back unsigned.”可知，作者递给了父母同意书去做这件事。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A. accidentally偶然地；B. obviously明显地；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately迅速地。根据后文“They thought it was 4 that their child would ask neighbors for 5 .”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬，他们不同意作者卖饼干，因此他们迅速地没签字就把同意书还给了作者。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. astonishing令人惊奇的；B. boring无聊的，令人厌烦的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. confusing令人迷惑的。根据前文“they 4 handed it back unsigned”可知，作者父母之所以不同意那是因为作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A. food食物；B. money金钱；C. support支持；C. service服务。根据前文“Our goal was to sell at least 50 boxes each”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己辩护道：顾客想要美味的饼干！A. customers顾客；B. passengers乘客；C. listeners听者；D. visitors游客。根据上文“preparing to sell my first Thin Mints.”可知，作者把饼干卖给顾客。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们同意了，我就上街了卖东西了。A. disappeared消失；B. agreed同意；C. struggled奋斗；D. continued继续。根据后文“I hit the streets.”可知，起初作者父母不同意她卖饼干，经过作者请求，最后他们同意了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走了一家又一家，我发现产品基本上都卖得很好，我所要做的就是用我的丝带增加一些额外的魅力。A. product产品；B. present礼物；C. object物体；D. instrument乐器；仪器。根据前文“want delicious cookies! ”可知，作者卖的是饼干，也是产品。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军奖励我一个上面印着拇指的黄色笑脸的杯子。A. associated联系；B. helped帮助；C. charged指控；D. rewarded奖励。根据前文“basically sold itself and all I had to do was adding some extra charm with my silk ribbon.”可知，作者顺利卖完了产品，因此The Girl Scouts 给了她奖励。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得得到了认可。A. interested感兴趣的；B. recognized被认可的；C. confused迷惑的；D. unprepared未准备的。根据上文“The Girl Scouts 9 me with a cup that had a thumb printed yellow smiley face on it.”可知，作者得到了一个上面印着竖起大拇指的杯子，因此感觉得到了认可。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A. look back on回顾；B. keep up with赶上；C. get close to接近；D. make up for弥补。根据下文“what I see is a young girl who instinctively 12 understood the most important thing about selling.”可知，作者回顾第一次经历。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A. doubted怀疑；B. noticed注意；C. understood理解；D. remembered记住。根据后文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，这个服务是带给顾客想要和需要的东西，这是作者从销售中学到的东西，也是理解的道理。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. requiring要求；B. expecting期待；C. checking检查；审查；D. providing提供，根据下文“bringing them the things they want and need”可知，销售是提供一种服务。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A. creates创造；B. replaces代替；C. sells出售；D. reflects反映。根据后文“the cookies did”可知，did 指代 sold，因此可推断产品也是出售。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我还有那只杯子，我把它作为一个提醒。A. present礼物；B. reminder提醒物；C. surprise惊喜；D. secret秘密。根据前文“That’s why I still have that cup”可知，这个杯子是作者因为第一次卖饼干的出色表现获得的奖品，这次经历让作者意识到给顾客带来他们想要和需要的东西，因此这个杯子至今还保存着是作为一个提醒。故选B项。
✱第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词正确形式填空。
In recent years, many original Chinese children's novels and picture books, with moving stories and Chinese elements, ______36______(reach)great heights in the international markets. Children's books have clocked 7.3 million volumes, ______37______(account) for 50.33 percent of all books exported.
Three factors have ______38______(great) contributed to the ______39______(grow): the depth of the story, traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the characters.
The meaning of children's books lies in conveying the profound connotation (内涵)behind the story. Through the unique interpretation of the humanity and the environment, ______40______(write) share the same feelings with Chinese and Western readers.
Mr Cao, ______41______is the writer of Bronze and Sunflower, even won Hans Christian Andersen Award. The English version of the book was published in 2015 by a British company, ______42______republished in 2017. It was included in "the voice of the world -- the world's ______43______(beautiful) novel series".
The book tells the story of the growing relationship ______44______a city girl, Sunflower, and a country boy, Bronze. The author displays the extreme struggle of the characters in ______45______face of hardship, and describes the true, the good and the beautiful in human nature with vigor(活力) and warmth.
【答案】36. have reached
37. accounting
38. greatly
39. growth 40. writers
41. who 42. and
43. most beautiful
44. between
45. the
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，许多中国儿童的小说和图画书，有动人的故事和中国元素，在国际市场上达到了很高的高度。有三个因素极大地促进了这种增长：故事的深度、中国传统元素和人物的情感。本文介绍了作家曹先生及他的获奖作品Bronze and Sunflower。
【36题详解】
根据In recent years,可知句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是many original Chinese children's novels and picture books所以谓语动词用复数形式，故答案为have reached。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：儿童书籍的销量达到730万册，占所有图书出口的50.33%。此处是现在分词做伴随状态，故答案为accounting。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。此处contribute是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为greatly。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：有三个因素极大地促进了经济增长。定冠词the用在名词前面，故答案为growth。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：通过对人文和环境的独特解读，作家们与中国和西方读者有着同样的感受。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为writers。
【41题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：曹先生，Bronze 和 Sunflower的作者，甚至赢得了安徒生奖。此处Cao Wenxuan是先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语和引导词，故答案为who。
【42题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：这本书的英文版于2015年由一家英国公司出版，并于2017年再版。此处表示递进的并列关系，故答案为and。
【43题详解】
考查最高级。句意：它被收录在“世界之声——世界上最美丽的小说系列”中。可知此处用形容词最高级，故答案为most beautiful。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这本书讲述了一个城市女孩，向日葵和乡村男孩，青铜的故事。between ---and---，两者之间，故答案为between。
【45题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：作者展示了面对苦难人物的极端斗争，并用活力和热情描述了人性的真实、善良和美丽。in the face of面对着---，故在face前加the。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom来信说他即将作为交换生来中国学习，他想提前了解中国饮食文化。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 介绍中国饮食文化(如食物、筷子、就餐氛围等);
3. 期待他的到来。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I am delighted that you are coming to China soon. Let me tell you something about Chinese eating culture.
Firstly, Chinese food has a great reputation for its delicious tastes and diverse cooking methods, which appeals to people at home and abroad. Typical examples are dumplings, noodles and hotpots, as you may have heard of. Besides, what highlights Chinese eating habits is the use of the chopsticks. What’s more, it’s common for Chinese people to talk over meals, which is regarded as a sign of being friendly.
There are more waiting for you to experience. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给将作为交换生来中国学习的外国朋友Tom写一封邮件，帮助他提前了解中国的饮食文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
首先：firstly→first of all
各种各样的：diverse→various
而且：what’s more→furthermore
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There are more waiting for you to experience.
拓展句：There are more things which are waiting for you to experience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, what highlights Chinese eating habits is the use of the chopsticks.(运用了what引导的主语主句)
【高分句型2】What’s more, it’s common for Chinese people to talk over meals, which is regarded as a sign of being friendly.(运用了which引导的非限制性导语从句)
✱第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Difference a Teacher Can Make
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever by the U.S. education system. Remarkably, he could read, yet, he was failing. He had been failing since first grade. Though Steve looked bigger than his age, yet he went unnoticed… until Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful lady! Steve liked his new teacher; yet, still he failed. He never did his homework. Whenever he was punished for failing to turn in his homework, he felt just terrible! Still, he did not study.
Last week, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was not in school, but in the woods, where he often stayed alone after school. He was always alone because no one cared. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!” Shocked, he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!” Miss White began to go over the test results for the seventh grade. “You all did pretty well” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp stare. “The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!” She just stared at Steve, as the class turned around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing changed him.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it: someone cared about him!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The following Monday, Miss White gave another test.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it: someone cared about him! He couldn’t believe his ears. He looked up at Miss White in wonder. From her eager eyes, he could feel the warmth and the real care. On the way back home, those words constantly echoed in his mind. When he got home, for the first time in his life, he didn’t storm out of the room for the woods. He seated himself before the desk and placed his schoolbooks on it. Determined, he turned the first page open.
The following Monday, Miss White gave another test. Spreading the paper carefully on his desk, Steve hurried through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. Obviously puzzled, Miss White began to look it over. In shock, she glanced up at Steve, then down, then up. Suddenly, her face broke into a bright smile. “The smartest boy had just passed his first test!” she announced, proud and excited! At her words, Steve cracked a big smile, with his eyes sparkling with joy and gratitude. He knew that was all because of a teacher who cared about him
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述12岁的Steve，父母都是酒鬼，他的成绩一直不及格。在一次七年级测试中，White老师说他是最聪明的男孩但是成绩却不及格。随后White老师对他进行鼓励和关心，让他感受到了温暖和真切的关怀，于是用功学习，终于在下一次考试中及格了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“哇！突然，史蒂夫明白了：有人关心他！”可知，第一段描述Steve在感受到White老师深切的关怀后的一系列心理变化和他在回家后的行为，他开始认真写作业了。
②由第二段首句内容“接下来的星期一，怀特小姐做了另一次测试。”可知，第二段描述Steve测试的过程和结果，他通过了他的第一次考试。
2.续写线索：Steve的心理变化——Steve回家——Steve写作业——Steve做测验——Steve第一次及格——Steve的喜悦和感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.回家：get home/return home/ go back home
②.冲出：storm out/rush out
③.交卷：hand in paper/submit paper
情绪类
①.困惑：puzzled/confused
②.震惊地：In shock/astonishingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Steve hurried through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.（运用了不定式作后置定语）
[高分句型2]. He knew that was all because of a teacher who cared about him.（运用了who引导的限定性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CBAAB 6- 10 AA ACB 11- 15 CBABC 16-20 CCBCA
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