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题型强化训练06 短文填空&首字母填空-江苏中考英语二轮复习语法专题讲解与题型强化训练（牛津译林版）
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这是一份题型强化训练06 短文填空&首字母填空-江苏中考英语二轮复习语法专题讲解与题型强化训练（牛津译林版），共35页。
题型强化训练06 短文填空&首字母填空
☞【考点介绍】
考点
分值
出题方向
短文填空
10分
短文填空相当于一篇文章中的10小题单词适当形式填空题，其中涉及到的词性有名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、冠词、连词、代词、定语从句关系词、感叹词、数词等。
首字母填空
10分
首字母填空题的难度稍微大一点，需要学生瞻前顾后，结合空格前后的内容，从语法、句法及固定搭配等方面，确定空格所填词性。
☞【应试技巧】
一）、短文填空题型
考查形式：给提示词（动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词）
不给提示词（代词，冠词，连词，介词）
考点：1. 动词 2. 名词 3. 形容词与副词 4. 代词 5. 冠词
6. 连词 7. 介词 8. 词性转换 9. 特殊句式
有提示词的空格
★ 所给提示词是动词
词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
★ 所给提示词为名词
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化，及词性变化。
★ 所给提示词为形容词或副词
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，一般通过加后缀—er和—est，或在词前加more / less和most / least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。同时还要注意词性转化的情况。
★ 所给提示词为代词
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one / none、other / another等。
★ 所给提示词为数词
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one / two的特殊变化形式 once / twice。
无提示词的空格
★ 下列情况下很可能填定冠词：
1.特指某（些）人、某（些）事物或双方都知道的人、物或再次提到的名词前。
2.用在西洋乐器前，如play the piano/violin/guitar/drum.
3.用在比较级、最高级或序数词前。
4.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。
5.定冠词与形容词连用，可表示某一类人或事物。如the poor/the rich/the old。
★ 下列情况很可能填不定冠词
1.用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物。泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。
2.用其中的任何一个，代表他们所属种类的特性。
3.用在事物的度量单位前，如时间、速度、价格等，表示“每一个"。
4.用于某些特定的词组。例如：a few几个，a little有点，等等。
★ 填介词的情况
空格放置于名词前，且空格与后面的名词一起，在句子中不充当主语，宾语，此时应考虑使用介词。另外，如果空格与前后能够形成固定搭配时，根据固定搭配，也会填介词。
★填连词的情况
若空格位于两个词，两个短语或者两个句子中间，则需考虑使用连词。
根据词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子之间的关系，如并列，转折，选择，因果关系，则填并列连词。如：and，or，but，so，for，while，both...and，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also 等。
若空格处在句子与句子之间，且引导从句，则此时需填从属连词。如：which, that , who, whom, whose, what等。
★ 填代词的情况
空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（反身代词不能作主语）。
其他代词
指示代词：this，that，these，those，such，same.
不定代词：some，any，each，every，one，none 等。
疑问代词：what，which，who，whom，whose等，用于特殊疑问句。
连接代词和关系代词是考主从复合句的，连接关系应根据主从复合句的关系确定选用。
二）、首字母填空的解题基本步骤
1. 通读短文全文，抓住高频词，把握大意
短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。 因此，我们在做题时，一定要先掌握文章的中心大意。从中获取文章的基本结构、体裁、主题及所使用的时态等相关信息。为正确而高效答题提供坚实的基础与保障。
2. 确定词性，缩小选词范围
通读全文、掌握大意后，瞻前顾后，结合空格前后的内容，从语法、句法及固定搭配等方面，确定空格所填词性。从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定词性。
3. 仔细推敲，判断题目类型并选出正确词汇
词性判断正确，大大缩小选词范围，重要的一步是分析题目类型。所谓题目类型指的是题目的考察能力及内容。
首字母填空技巧
该题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。
观察位置--判断词性--结合意思---判断形式
作主语：名词、代词、部分形容词
做谓语：动词
做宾语：名词、代词
做表语：形容词、名词
做定语：形容词、序数词、v-ing
做状语：副词
形容词，副词：需要注意比较级和最高级
形容词用来修饰名词，位于名词前,代词，位置可前可后，或者出现在系动词后，构成系表结构；若出现the ____ +名词，even___或 ___than...一般可认为是形容词，根据是形容词区别于其他词类的特性（比较级或最高级）。
副词和形容词相似，也有比较级和最高级，一般用来修饰动词。但是程度副词，频率副词等往往也是考查重点。常考的副词有：表强调的副词only，even，especially，still，also，always，almost，already；表否定的 hardly，never，seldom，rarely等；句中用逗号隔开的however，句后的again，together，altogether，instead，soon，anywhere等，句前的sometimes，usually等。平时同学们在做题时多留心，多总结高频出现的词，对增加做题的信心很有帮助。
动词：需要注意时态、语态及非谓语动词
判断是否是动词的基本方法：不管句子的类型如何，英语中每个句子都有一个核心动词，去掉充当句子修饰部分的“枝叶”，留下的骨干部分，看是否为一个完整的句子，是否缺少一个核心骨动词。
名词：要点注意名词单复数和属格
判断填写名词的基本方法：名词区别于其他此类的基本特征即是：名词前可以加上冠词。
代词: 注意人称代词，物主代词，和反身代词
在首字母填空中常填的是不定代词和反身代词，我们如果能够正确地分析句子所缺成分，这类填词很容易得分。另外，代词的填写主要集中在人称代词，物主代词以及反身代词。
连词：注意在复合句中的用法
连词在首字母填空中经常出现，是用来连接一个从句的，在分析确定填连词后，翻译一下上下句，连词就可以确定了。常考的连词有b开头的but，because，before；u开头的until和unless；wh-的宾语从句的连接词；以及although，though，so等。判断是否为连词，看两个句子是否为完整的句子，若完整，再看两个句子之间的关系：并列，转折等，从而选择相应的连词；有些既是副词又是连词的词（如：when）, 注意平时整理此类词在首字母填空中的常考词性。
☞【真题回顾】
2022年南通市中考英语短文填空真题
六、短文填空（本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Eat Your Greens!
I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he always says. So I decide to learn something more about them.
Plants are a very important part of our diet. Because of the c____66____ their leaves vegetables are often called “greens”. They p____67____ all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies. For example, vitamin C gives us healthy skin, and calcium(钙) keeps our bones s____68____. Others help to keep our hearts, blood and muscles healthy Eating vegetables does not make us f____69____ because they are low in calories.
It’s said that there are over 80,000 different kinds of plants which can be eaten on Earth. However, 90 percent of the foods we eat c____70____ from just 30 plants. This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e____71____ to grow.
It is suggested to eat at least five different vegetables every day. It’s a good h____72____ to make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c____73____meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d____74____.
In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend gives me good a____75____ on how to cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle.
【答案】
66. (c)olor##(c)olour 67. (p)rovide 68. (s)trong 69. (f)at 70. (c)ome
71. (e)asiest 72. (h)abit 73. (c)hoose 74. (d)elicious 75. (a)dvice
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍绿色蔬菜对人们的好处，建议人们多吃蔬菜。
【66题详解】
句意：由于其叶子的颜色，蔬菜常被称为“绿色蔬菜”。根据“Because of the c...leaves vegetables are often called “greens”.”可知，被称为绿色蔬菜是因为叶子的颜色，color/colour“颜色”符合语境，故填(c)olor/(c)olour。
【67题详解】
句意：它们提供各种对我们的身体非常重要的营养。根据“They p...all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies.”可知，蔬菜提供各种营养，provide“提供”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(p)rovide。
【68题详解】
句意：例如，维生素C使我们的皮肤健康，钙使我们的骨骼强壮。根据“calcium(钙) keeps our bones s...”可知，钙使我们的骨骼强壮，strong“强壮的”，作宾语补足语，故填(s)trong。
【69题详解】
句意：吃蔬菜不会使我们发胖，因为它们热量低。根据“Eating vegetables does not make us f...because they are low in calories.”可知，蔬菜热量低，不会让人发胖，fat“胖的”，作宾语补足语，故填(f)at。
【70题详解】
句意：然而，我们吃的90%的食物只来自30种植物。根据“90 percent of the foods we eat c...from just 30 plants”可知，很多食物只来自30种植物，come from“来自”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)ome。
【71题详解】
句意：这并不是因为它们最有营养，而是因为它们最容易生长。根据“This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e...to grow.”可知，这些蔬菜最容易生长，easy“容易的”，此前有the修饰，用形容词最高级，故填(e)asiest。
【72题详解】
句意：把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯。根据“It’s a good h...to make vegetables a main part of each meal.”可知，把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯，habit“习惯”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(h)abit。
【73题详解】
句意：然而，有些人认为蔬菜不如肉类那么受欢迎，所以当蔬菜和肉一起吃的时候，他们往往会选择肉类而不是蔬菜。根据“However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c...meat instead of vegetables.”可知，肉比蔬菜受欢迎，所以吃的时候会选肉，choose“选择”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)hoose。
【74题详解】
句意：另一些人认为蔬菜的烹饪方法不熟练，使它们不好吃。根据“Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d...”可知，蔬菜有的时候做出来不好吃，delicious“美味的”，作宾语补足语，故填(d)elicious。
【75题详解】
句意：为了帮助我有一个健康的饮食，我的朋友给我很好的关于如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议。根据“my friend gives me good a... on how to cook tasty vegetables”可知，给如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。
2022年盐城市中考英语短文填空真题
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l____66____, a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e____67____ because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be a m____68____ for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____69____ in love with cooking. It’s a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d____70____ the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s___71___ money and I don’t have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f____72____ work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T___73___ it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p____74____ that they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the j____75____ of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.
【答案】
66. (l)ate67. (e)asy68. (m)ess69. (f)ell70. (d)uring
71. (s)aves72. (f)arm73. (T)hough74. (p)ity75. (j)oy
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
【66题详解】
句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents often came home”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即late。故填(l)ate。
【67题详解】
句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it would be”可知，空格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
【68题详解】
句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard”可知，并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
【69题详解】
句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a good way to relax”和“in love with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in love with，根据“cooked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
【70题详解】
句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
【71题详解】
句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout”和“money”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“don’t”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式saves。故填(s)aves。
【72题详解】
句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I got to know how to plant vegetables”可知，我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm work，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
【73题详解】
句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard work”和“the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know”可知，空格处为一个让步状语从句，此时常用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Though。故填(T)hough。
【74题详解】
句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
【75题详解】
句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“of”可知，空格处应用一个名词，根据“Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”joy。故填(j)oy
2022年苏州市中考英语短文填空真题
第五部分短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in ___44___ circle. Hurricane winds are very ___45___(power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye ___46___ (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the ___47___ (strong) and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane moves over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break ___48___ (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send ___49___ (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close ___50___ a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes ___51___ (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses ___52___ (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood.
___53___ there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it.
【答案】
44 a 45. powerful 46. are 47. strongest 48. windows 49. them
50. to 51. reaches 52. quickly 53. Although或者Though
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍飓风的相关内容。
【44题详解】
句意：飓风的风是绕圈运动的。此处泛指一个圈，“circle”首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
【45题详解】
句意：飓风非常强大，风速可以从每小时120公里到每小时300公里以上。此处在句中作表语，用形容词powerful，故填powerful。
【46题详解】
句意：风眼的风力不是很强。本句时态是一般现在时，主语“Winds”是复数，故填are。
【47题详解】
句意：这堵墙是风最强、雨最大的地方。根据并列句“rain is the heaviest”可知，此处应使用最高级strongest，故填strongest。
【48题详解】
句意：飓风的威力足以把窗户吹成碎片。此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填windows。
【49题详解】
句意：强风会把物体吹到空中，造成破坏。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格them，故填them。
【50题详解】
句意：飓风带来的暴雨会在不靠近海岸的地区引发洪水。be close to“靠近”，故填to。
【51题详解】
句意：有时它几乎达到了房子的顶部。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“It”，动词用三单，故填reaches。
【52题详解】
句意：水很快进入房屋，造成很大的破坏。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词quickly，故填quickly。
【53题详解】
句意：虽然没有办法预防飓风，但你可以做好准备。前后两句构成让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，句首需大写首字母。故填Although/Though。
2022年扬州市中考英语短文填空真题
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___61___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o___63___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___64___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___65___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___66___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___67___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___68___ people changed nature.
Passing t___69___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____70____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
【答案】
61. (l)ongest 62. (c)ities 63. (o)pened 64. (s)hape 65. (h)istory 66. (w)hile
67. (c)onsidered 68. (h)ow 69. (t)hrough 70. (m)useums
【解析】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions...they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
2022年宿迁市中考英语短文填空真题
五、根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Zhang Yugun is head of Heihumiao Primary School in Henan Province. He ___61___ (be) a person full of love and responsibility(责任).
After graduation in 2001, Zhang chose to work in the poor countryside. Over the past 21 years, he ___62___ (see) many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village. However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children deal with their ___63___ (problem).
One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much ___64___ (difficult) than usual. The school was about to start, but those ___65___ (student) books were still in a town outside the village. Then Zhang and another teacher left early in the morning with a shoulder pole(扁担). They carried back kilos of books. When they ___66___ (get) to the school, they were both covered in mud(泥), but the books were protected ___67___ (good). In 2006, a cement road(水泥路) ___68___ (build) in the village. So Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike. Although four motorbikes broke down, he never ___69___ (stop).
In order to provide better care for the students whose parents had left the village to find work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help ___70___ (cook) and clean for the students. Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are able to learn at school and hope for a brighter future.
【答案】61. is 62. has seen 63. problems 64. more difficult
65. students’ 66. got 67. well 68. was built 69. stopped 70. cook
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍张玉滚的个人事迹。
【61题详解】
句意：他是一个充满爱心和责任感的人。时态是一般现在时，主语是He，故填is。
【62题详解】
句意：在过去的21年里，他目睹了许多教师因为村里的恶劣条件来了又走。根据“Over the past 21 years”可知，时态是现在完成时（have/has done），主语是he，助动词使用has，故填has seen。
【63题详解】
句意：然而，他留下了，并尽一切努力帮助孩子们解决他们的问题。孩子们的问题不止一个，用名词复数形式，故填problems。
【64题详解】
句意：有一年冬天，在山路上行走比平时难得多。根据“than usual”可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填more difficult。
【65题详解】
句意：学校就要开学了，但那些学生的书还在村外的一个小镇上。those修饰可数名词复数，此处作定语修饰books，所以用名词复数的所有格，故填students’。
【66题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。根据“were”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填got。
【67题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填well。
【68题详解】
句意：2006年，村里修建了一条水泥路。主语“a cement road”是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词使用was，故填was built。
【69题详解】
句意：虽然有四辆摩托车坏了，但他从未停下来。根据“broke down”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填stopped。
【70题详解】
句意：为了更好地照顾那些父母离开农村到城市找工作的学生们，张要求他的妻子放弃工作，帮学生做饭和打扫卫生。此处与clean并列，help do sth“帮助做某事”，使用动词原形，故填cook。
2022年连云港市中考英语短文填空真题
B.根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
Erhu is one of the most important Chinese instruments. It has a history (56)o 。1, 000 years. It is said that Erhu did not get its name(57) u the late Qing Dynasty. It has been improved gradually since it appeared. It is also (58) c the Chinese violin because its tone is as soft and bright as the violin' s. There are many (59) w pieces of music played by Erhu，such as The Moon Reflected on the Er-quan Spring. You can go and (60) e the charm of them. I hope you' ll love them.
【答案】
56.over 57.until 58.called 59.wonderful /world-famous 60.enjoy/experience
2022年泰州市中考英语短文填空真题
七、短文填空 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h___68___!
My head hit the ground h___69___. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b___70___ I failed! “There must be s___71___ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t___72___ that I had to still lie there. Then I saw b___73___ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in f___74___. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!
I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s___75___ his truck and came to help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.
When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c___76___ before and did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i___77___ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”
【答案】
68. (h)urt 69. (h)eavily 70. (b)ut 71. (s)omething 72. (t)errible
73. (b)lood 74. (f)ear 75. (s)topped 76. (c)areless 77. (i)tself
【解析】本文讲述了作者在骑车时重重的摔倒，安全意识救了他的命的故事。
【68题详解】
句意：我的右侧真的很痛！根据“I fell off my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此处是指受伤了。hurt“受伤”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填(h)urt。
【69题详解】
句意：我的头重重地撞在地上。根据“I lay there for a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此处是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副词修饰动词。故填(h)eavily。
【70题详解】
句意：我想站起来，但我失败了！根据“I failed!”可知，句子前后是转折关系，结合首字母可知是连词but“但是”。故填(b)ut。
【71题详解】
句意：我一定有什么问题。根据“There must be...wrong with me,”可知，作者的脑袋重重地摔在地上且站不起来，结合首字母可知应是something“一些东西”。固定短语there is something wrong with sb.“某人出了……问题”。故填(s)omething。
【72题详解】
句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根据“I had to still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起来，这是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容词。故填(t)errible。
【73题详解】
句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根据“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此处是看到鞋子上的血。应用名词形式blood“血”，作动词的宾语。故填(b)lood。
【74题详解】
句意：我害怕地看着它。根据“There was a sharp rock sticking out of it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短语in fear“害怕地，恐惧地”。故填(f)ear。
【75题详解】
句意：司机停下他的卡车来帮助我。根据“came to help me.”和首字母可知，司机是停下了车。stop“停止”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，stop的过去式为stopped。故填(s)topped。
【76题详解】
句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不总是戴头盔。根据“did not always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不总戴口罩，应是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填(c)areless。
【77题详解】
句意：妈妈，救我的不是头盔本身，而是安全意识。根据“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此处是指头盔本身。应用“the helmet”对应的反身代词itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。
2022年徐州市中考英语短文填空真题
B）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
This time yesterday, Mr Zhang ____51____ (celebrate) his ____52____ (ninety) birthday at home. He said this to his family____53____ (member): “Most people change houses during their lifetime, but I ____54____ (live) in this house since I was born. I’ve got three children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it has ____55____ (be) a happy place. The street is very different from when I was young. At that time, there were no cars and all the children used to play in the road. Some children still do, but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. None of the people who live in the street now are as ____56____ (old) as I am—many of them have died; others have moved to another area. I ____57____ (not go) out much now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But none of this is important. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren, and they are everything to ____58____ (I).”
At the end of the party, on the dinner table, Mr Zhang’s daughter laid two big bowls of noodles which ____59____ (eat) up in a minute by the whole family.
“Happy birthday!” Everyone said ____60____ (cheer) to Mr Zhang.
【答案】51. was celebrating 52. ninetieth 53. members 54. have lived
55. been 56. old 57. don’t go 58. me 59. were eaten 60. cheerfully
【解析】本文主要介绍了张先生的九十大寿情况。
【51题详解】
句意：昨天的这个时候，张先生正在家里庆祝他的九十大寿。根据“This time yesterday”可知句子时态是过去进行时：was/were doing，主语是单数，be动词用was，故填was celebrating。
【52题详解】
句意：昨天的这个时候，张先生正在家里庆祝他的九十大寿。描述生日时，应用序数词，故填ninetieth。
【53题详解】
句意：他对家人说。member“成员”，可数名词，老人的家庭成员不止一个，应用复数，故填members。
【54题详解】
句意：大多数人一生都会换房子，但我从出生起就一直住在这所房子里。根据“since”可知主句是现在完成：have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have lived。
【55题详解】
句意：句意：大多数时候，它是一个快乐的地方。根据“has”可知句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填been。
【56题详解】
句意：现在住在这条街上的人没有一个和我一样老。as...as“和……一样”，中间用形容词副词原级，故填old。
【57题详解】
句意：我现在不常出去，而且我有点聋了。根据“now”可知句子是描述现在的一般性情况，用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，助动词用do。故填don’t go。
【58题详解】
句意：但这些都不重要。我有我的孩子和孙子，他们就是我的一切。I是主格，此处位于介词to后，应用宾格形式me，故填me。
【59题详解】
句意：晚会结束时，张的女儿在饭桌上放了两大碗面，一家人一会儿就吃完了。分析句子可知noodles和eat之间是被动关系，结合语境可知句子是一般过去时，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done。主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were eaten。
【60题详解】
句意：“生日快乐!”大家都高兴地对张先生说。分析句子可知此处应用副词修饰动词，cheer的副词为cheerfully。故填cheerfully。
2022年镇江市中考英语短文填空真题
五、短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China. But f____46____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying Xiong.
Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____47____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century ago. Many young people showed a strong i____48____ in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the a____49____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found a____50____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____51____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____52____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____53____ China.” A 29-year-old computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____54____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to f____55____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared with what they experienced.”
【答案】
46. (f)ew 47. (m)entioned 48. (i)nterest 49. (a)ge 50. (a)mong
51. (A)lthough 52. (s)ave 53. (m)odern 54. (r)igh或者(r)eal 55. (f)orget
【解析】本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
【46题详解】
句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。
【47题详解】
句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weibo user...this novel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mention“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entioned。
【48题详解】
句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many young people showed a strong...in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
【49题详解】
句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at the...of 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age of“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
【50题详解】
句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914...the novel was never completed, but it can be found...The Early Works of Zhou Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用among“在……中”，故填(a)mong。
【51题详解】
句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
【52题详解】
句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The novel was stopped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
【53题详解】
句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrote a history of...China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，modern“现代的”，故填(m)odern。
【54题详解】
句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
【55题详解】
句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，forget“忘记”，故填(f)orget。
2022年常州市中考英语短文填空真题
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums play a big role in our society. They are also ____41____ important classroom for primary and secondary school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides ____42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Changzhou Museum ____43____ (carry) out more than 100 public training activities for volunteer guides.
In July, 2021, I was chosen ____44____ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. ____45____ it was my first time to serve there, I didn’t know what to do. Luckily, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture” and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of ____46____ (pioneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked ____47____ (lose) their lives to create a new China.
In the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my job ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ____49____ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life. I feel ____50____ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help more people learn about Changzhou.
【答案】
41. an 42. are seen 43. has carried 44. to be 45. Because或者As
46. pioneers 47. losing 48. successfully 49. on 50. proud
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。
【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。
【42题详解】
句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。
【43题详解】
句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。
【44题详解】
句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to be“被选为……”，故填to be。
【45题详解】
句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time to serve there”是“I didn’t know what to do”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。
【46题详解】
句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。
【47题详解】
句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。
【48题详解】
句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。
【49题详解】
句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对……有……的影响”，故填on。
【50题详解】
句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。
☞【模拟训练】
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The history of Chinese characters (字) is from ancient times, with a history of several thousand years. Hanzi began as simple pictures that ancient Chinese people drew, p___56___ and carved to describe nature and lives.
The oldest Chinese characters are jiaguwen with 3, 000 years. They can give us k___57___ about how ancient people saw the world around them.
About 80% of Chinese characters are m___58___ up of smaller part which are mixed in different ways to develop thousands of hanzi. Chinese characters and Chinese culture are together. China’s writing system builds a strong b___59___ connecting Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past. Many international students are studying Chinese and are coming to e___60___ China’s wonderful culture, as China takes its place in the international community.
【答案】
56. (p)ainted 57. (k)nowledge 58. (m)ade 59. (b)ridge 60. (e)njoy
【解析】本文介绍了汉字的历史以及与中国文化之间的关系。
【56题详解】
句意：汉字最初是古代中国人绘制、绘画和雕刻的简单图画，用来描述自然和生活。根据“ancient Chinese people drew...”和首字母提示可知，本句是一般过去时，且此处是指画简单的图画。paint“绘画”，动词。故填(p)ainted。
【57题详解】
句意：他们可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界。根据“They can give us...about how ancient people saw the world around them.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指给我们知识。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
【58题详解】
句意：大约80%的汉字由较小的部分组成，这些部分以不同的方式混合在一起，形成了数千个汉字。根据“About 80% of Chinese characters are...up of smaller part”和首字母提示可知，组成数千个汉字。固定短语be made up of“由……组成”。故填(m)ade。
【59题详解】
句意：中国的书写体系在中国人和中国文化的现在与过去之间搭建了一座牢固的桥梁。根据“China’s writing system builds a strong...connecting Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指搭建了一座坚固的桥梁。bridge“桥梁”，名词；且空前有“a”，其后跟单数名词。故填(b)ridge。
【60题详解】
句意：随着中国在国际社会中的地位，许多国际学生正在学习汉语，并开始欣赏中国的精彩文化。根据“and are coming to...China’s wonderful culture”和首字母提示可知，此处是指欣赏中国的文化。enjoy“享受”，动词；又因空前有动词不定式符号to，其后跟动词原形。故填(e)njoy。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出完整正确的单词。
Weiqi, also called go in the world, was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago. Learning it not only improves people’s logical (逻辑的) thinking ability, but also it d___56___ their calm personality. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi travelled to Japan, and the Europe in the 19th century. Now it has grown into an important international c___57___ event. So far, people from over 40 countries have played it. Among them, players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest 1___58___ of Weiqi.
Last February, the Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Terms came out in Beijing. It’s the f___59___ professional dictionary about Weiqi in China. The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge to s___60___ Weiqi culture. As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has a special language. It also has its own way of thinking and the method of communication.
【答案】
56. (d)evelops 57. (c)ompetition 58. (l)evel 59. (f)irst 60. (s)pread
【解析】本文主要介绍了围棋的发展，并且中国出版了一本《中英围棋术语辞典》。
【56题详解】
句意：学习它不仅能提高人的逻辑思维能力，还能培养人冷静的性格。根据“but also it...their calm personality”以及首字母可知围棋能培养人的冷静性格，develop“培养”，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填(d)evelops。
【57题详解】
句意：现在它已发展成为一项重要的国际比赛项目。根据“Now it has grown into an important internationa...event”以及首字母可知围棋是比赛项目，competition event“比赛项目”。故填(c)ompetition。
【58题详解】
句意：其中，中国、日本和韩国选手的围棋水平最高。根据“players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest”以及首字母可知这些选手的围棋水平最高，level“水平”，不可数名词。故填(l)evel。
【59题详解】
句意：这是中国第一部围棋专业词典。根据“the Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Terms came out in Beijing. It’s the...professional dictionary”以及首字母并结合常识可知这是第一部围棋专业词典，表示顺序用序数词first“第一”。故填(f)irst。
【60题详解】
句意：词典将成为传播围棋文化的必要工具和桥梁。根据“The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge to”以及首字母可知词典的出版有利于传播围棋文化，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形spread“传播”。故填(s)pread。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Bruce Li is my favourite film star. He had put all his efforts into kung fu training before he entered the film i____56____. In 1972 he acted in the film Fist of Fury. It made him popular. U____57____ you saw the film in person you couldn’t imagine how wonderful the film was. His f____58____ appearance in a movie was in Game of Deash. The film wasn’t finished when he passed away p____59____. He is c____60____ by many people as a talented superstar for his efforts.
【答案】
56. (i)ndustry 57. (U)nless 58. (f)inal 59. (p)eacefully 60. (c)onsidered
【解析】本文主要介绍电影明星李小龙。
【56题详解】
句意：在进入电影业之前，他把所有的精力都投到了功夫训练中。根据“the film”及首字母提示可知，此处考查名词industry“行业”，film industry“电影业”。故填(i)ndustry。
【57题详解】
句意：除非你亲眼看过这部电影，否则你无法想象这部电影有多精彩。根据后半句“...you couldn’t imagine how wonderful the film was.”及首字母提示可知，此处考查连词unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填(U)uless。
【58题详解】
句意：他最后一次出演电影是在《死亡游戏》中。根据下文“The film wasn’t finished when he passed away...”及首字母提示可知，此处考查形容词final“最后的”，作定语。故填(f)inal。
【59题详解】
句意：他安详地去世时，电影还没拍完。根据“passed away”及首字母提示可知，此处考查副词peacefully“安详地”，修饰动词短语。故填(p)eacefully。
【60题详解】
句意：由于他的努力，他被许多人认为是一位天才巨星。根据“as a talented superstar”及首字母提示可知，此处考查固定搭配be considered as“被视为”。故填(c)onsidered。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Tai chi has always been a symbol of Chinese culture and is becoming popular around the world.
One thing that makes tai chi popular is its h___56___ benefits (益处). As you move, you breathe deeply and naturally, focusing your attention on your body. This helps you relax and find inner peace.
What makes tai chi even more interesting might be the philosophical (哲学的) ideas b___57___ it. The term “tai chi” comes from Taoism, which states that inaction (无为) is the solution to problems. That’s w___58___ tai chi movements are slow and soft. Tai chi is not used to fight e___59___. It is used to protect yourself.
Tai chi also focuses on harmony between “yin” and “yang”. This idea of keeping a healthy balance can be applied (适用于) to almost e___60___ in life. It makes tai chi far more than just another martial art.
【答案】
56. (h)ealth 57. (b)ehind 58. (w)hy 59. (e)nemies 60. (e)verything
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的太极，详细介绍了太极受欢迎的原因、名字的来历等信息。
【56题详解】
句意：太极拳受欢迎的原因之一是它的健康益处。根据“This helps you relax and find inner peace.”可知是对健康有好处，health“健康”，名词作定语。故填(h)ealth。
【57题详解】
句意：太极拳更有趣的可能是它背后的哲学思想。根据“The term ‘tai chi’ comes from Taoism, which states that inaction is the solution to problems.”可知是讲太极拳背后的哲学思想，behind“在……后面”。故填(b)ehind。
【58题详解】
句意：这就是为什么太极拳动作缓慢而柔和。根据“The term ‘tai chi’ comes from Taoism, which states that inaction is the solution to problems.”可知这是太极动作缓慢而柔和的原因，此处用why表示“为什么”。故填(w)hy。
【59题详解】
句意：太极不是用来与敌人搏斗的。根据“to fight”可知是与敌人搏斗，enemy“敌人”，前无限定词，用复数形式enemies。故填(e)nemies。
【60题详解】
句意：这种保持健康平衡的想法几乎适用于生活中的每件事。根据“This idea of keeping a healthy balance can be applied to almost e... in life.”可知适用于生活中的每件事，everything“一切，每件事”。故填(e)verything。
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
For many people around the world, the ____61____ (two) Sunday in May is a day to respect their mothers. They say Mother’s Day is in May because this month’s sunshine is as warm as a mother’s love. The idea of celebrating Mother’s Day ____62____ (give) by Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia in 1914.
Last Sunday, I ____63____ (buy) some flowers for my mother. Did you do ____64____ (something) special to make your mother happy?
Many ways can make your mom feel special and you don’t need to spend much money. Mothers need to feel seen, heard, and loved and most often just want to be with their kids.
Do you know how ____65____ (make) Mom feel special?
Spend quality time together. Mothers want something more than anything else in the whole world. They want to be with their children. For a holiday, or any other special moment in ____66____ (they) lives, be sure to spend a full day of one-on-one time with the special woman in your life.
Go out for a walk together. ____67____ (spend) time together doesn’t need any money—never forget that. A beautiful walk is the perfect way ____68____ (make) Mom happy. Not only will you get some fresh air and sunshine, but also the relationship between you will be much ____69____ (close).
Bring her flowers. Flowers can brighten your mom’s feeling. If you have flowers in your backyard, you can pick them for free. Otherwise, a flower shop offers you all kinds of flowers. Consider these ______70______ (suggest) for no reason at all because Mom should feel special all year round.
【答案】
61. second 62. was given 63. bought 64. anything 65. to make
66. their 67. Spending 68. to make 69. closer 70. suggestions
【解析】本文主要告诉我们在母亲节当天如何使母亲感到开心和特别。
【61题详解】
句意：对世界各地的许多人来说，五月的第二个星期天是尊重母亲的日子。根据常识可知，母亲节在五月的第二个星期天，此处使用序数词，second“第二”，故填second。
【62题详解】
句意：庆祝母亲节的想法是由费城的安娜·贾维斯于1914年提出的。根据“The idea of celebrating Mother’s Day…(give) by Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia in 1914.”可知，此处主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，时态为一般过去时，主语为名词单数，使用be动词was。故填was given。
【63题详解】
句意：上周日，我给妈妈买了一些花。根据“Last Sunday”可知，本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填bought。
【64题详解】
句意：你做了什么特别的事让你妈妈高兴吗？根据“Did you do…(something) special to make your mother happy?”可知，本句为一般疑问句，使用anything，故填anything。
【65题详解】
句意：你知道如何让妈妈感到特别吗？how to do sth“如何做某事”，故填to make。
【66题详解】
句意：对于假期或他们生命中的任何其他特殊时刻，一定要花一整天的时间与你生命中的特殊女人一对一相处。根据“lives”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。
【67题详解】
句意：花时间在一起不需要任何金钱——永远不要忘记这一点。根据“time together doesn’t need any money never forget that.”可知，此处使用动名词作主语，故填Spending。
【68题详解】
句意：美丽的散步是让妈妈开心的最佳方式。根据“the perfect way”可知，此处使用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to make。
【69题详解】
句意：你不仅会得到新鲜的空气和阳光，而且你们之间的关系也会更加密切。根据“much”可知，此处much修饰形容词比较级，表示关系更加密切，故填closer。
【70题详解】
句意：毫无理由地考虑这些建议，因为妈妈一年四季都应该感到特别。根据“these”可知，these+名词复数。故填suggestions。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
There are many different stories about the history of the umbrella. According to an old Chinese story, the umbrella ____51____ (invent) by Luban’s wife about 3,000 years ago.
Luban was ____52____ (famous) craftsman（工匠）in ancient China. One day, Luban and his wife ____53____ (walk) by the West lake. They were enjoying the ____54____ (beauty) scene when it suddenly started to rain ____55____ (heavy). After they returned home, they were all wet.
“Can you make something to keep the rain out?” Luban’s wife asked. “I can build some pavilions along the West Lake and you can hide under ____56____ (they) when it rains.” Luban replied.
Luban’s wife shook her head. She ____57____ (think) about this question for a long time.
One day, Luban’s wife saw some children ____58____ (play) in the rain. They were holding up large lotus ____59____ (leaf) to keep out the rain. She got a good idea from the children. The next day, she made the ____60____ (one) umbrella in ancient China.
【答案】
51. was invented 52. the most famous 53. were walking 54. beautiful
55. heavily 56. them 57. thought 58. playing 59. leaves 60. first
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了鲁班妻子发明伞的故事。
【51题详解】
句意：根据一个古老的中国故事，伞是鲁班的妻子在大约 3000 年前发明的。本句缺谓语；根据“the umbrella”及所给词汇可知，伞是被发明的，需用被动语态；因是一般过去时且主语是单数，故填was invented。
【52题详解】
句意：鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠。根据“in ancient China.”及所给词汇可知，此处需用最高级，表示中国古代最著名的，故填the most famous。
【53题详解】
句意：一天，鲁班和他的妻子在西湖边散步。本句缺谓语；根据语境及所给词汇可知，他们是正在散步，需用进行时；因是过去时且主语是复数，故填were walking。
【54题详解】
句意：正在欣赏美景的时候，突然下起了大雨。根据“scene”及所给词汇可知，此处是形容词作定语修饰scene，表示美景，故填beautiful。
【55题详解】
句意：正在欣赏美景的时候，突然下起了大雨。根据“rain”及所给词汇可知，此处是副词修饰动词rain，表示雨下得大，故填heavily。
【56题详解】
句意：我可以在西湖边建一些亭子，下雨的时候你可以躲在下面。根据“under”及所给词汇可知，此处需用人称代词，表示他们；因在介词后，需用宾格，故填them。
【57题详解】
句意：这个问题她想了很久。本句缺谓语；根据语境及所给词汇可知，此处是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填thought。
【58题详解】
句意：一天，鲁班的妻子看到几个孩子在雨中玩耍。根据“saw some children”及所给词汇可知，此处考查see sb doing sth，表示“看到某人正在做某事”，故填playing。
【59题详解】
句意：他们举着大荷叶挡雨。根据“large lotus”及所给词汇可知，此处表示荷叶，需用复数，故填leaves。
【60题详解】
句意：第二天，她制作了中国古代第一把雨伞。根据“She got a good idea from the children.”及所给词汇可知，她想出了主意，所以第二天造出了第一把伞，用序数词，故填first。
根据首字母补全单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Nowadays, WeChat is already part of life for many of us Chinese people. We use it every day to chat, send photos and p____61____ for things when shopping. But do you know the man behind it? —He is Zhang Xiaolong. Zhang Xiaolong was born in Hunan. While at university, he had many h____62____ such as playing chess, tennis and bowling. His classmates said w____63____ he did, he could get quite good at it and kept working till midnight every day. Such a clever and hard-working man would surely s____64____. But few people know about him. He only lets his work speak. January 21, 2021 was the 10th birthday of WeChat. It’s said that Zhang Xiaolong is making his a____65____ 10-year plan for WeChat. Will he surprise us again? That’s for sure.
【答案】
61. (p)ay 62. (h)obbies 63. (w)hatever 64. (s)ucceed 65. (a)nother
【解析】本文是对微信创始人张小龙的简单介绍。
【61题详解】
句意：我们每天都用它来聊天、发送照片和购物时付款。根据“...for things when shopping.”和首字母可知，是购物时为买的东西付钱，pay for“支付”，固定短语。故填(p)ay。
【62题详解】
句意：在大学期间，他有很多爱好，比如下棋、网球和保龄球。根据“such as playing chess, tennis and bowling”和首字母可知，是有很多爱好，hobby“爱好”，可数名词，“many”修饰名词复数。故填(h)obbies。
【63题详解】
句意：他的同学们说，无论他做什么，他都能做得很好，每天工作到深夜。根据“he could get quite good at it”和首字母可知，表示无论做什么，他都能做好，whatever“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。故填(w)hatever。
【64题详解】
句意：这样一个聪明而勤奋的人一定会成功。根据“Such a clever and hard-working man would surely...”和首字母可知，他聪明又努力，一定能成功，succeed“成功”，动词，作谓语，“would”后接动词原形。故填(s)ucceed。
【65题详解】
句意：据说张小龙正在为微信制定另一个10年计划。根据“January 21, 2021 was the 10th birthday of WeChat.”和首字母可知，微信的诞生已经过去了一个10年，他为另一个10年做计划，another“另一个”符合语境。故填(a)nother。
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词、使短文意思完整。
The Power of Words
Our words carry huge weight. They may influence people for years, and even for a lifetime. They provide them with courage to go on or one more r____71____ to give up.
When I was fourteen, my family moved to another city. Junior high was always a d____72____ time for me. And the move made my ninth-grade year e____73____ harder. I remember walking into the dining hall for the first time. The other kids had good friends with them, but I didn’t know anyone. I felt l____74____ and went to the nearest seat after getting some food. The kids beside me looked at me up and down and then laughed. I could feel my f____75____ turning red at that moment. Then one of the kids broke the ice. “Man! You have one BIG nose!” I felt hurt and didn’t know what to s____76____. I wanted to cry. But I managed a little smile—as if it didn’t matter to me at all. But it did. From then on, I would often look at m____77____ in the mirror and study the big nose. It s____78____ that I was just living for my nose. Thankfully, I grew out of this influence finally.
There is another thing that is kept deep in my mind. I remember going through a terrible business failure. I lost everything. I c____79____ my dad for help and he told me a lot about how to deal with the failure. “Failure always a____80____. It isn’t bad. What we should do is to face it bravely and never give up.” What he said gave me a lot of confidence to go on with my business.
【答案】
71. (r)eason 72. (d)ifficult 73. (e)ven 74. (l)onely
75. (f)ace 76. (s)ay 77. (m)yself 78. (s)eemed 79. (c)alled 80. (a)ppears
【解析】本文讲述了作者上高中时被同学取笑大鼻子和生意失败时得到父亲的鼓励两件事，说明语言的神奇力量。
【71题详解】
句意：它们给了他们继续下去的勇气，或是一个放弃的理由。根据语意可知是“一个理由”，即reason。故填(r)eason。
【72题详解】
句意：初中对我来说一直是一段艰难的时光。根据下一句“And the move made my ninth-grade year...harder.”可知搬家使我九年级的学习困难；此处根据首字母提示可知是difficult“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。
【73题详解】
句意：搬家使我九年级的学习更加困难。此处修饰比较级harder，根据首字提示可知是even“甚至”。故填(e)ven。
【74题详解】
句意：我感到很孤独，拿了些食物后就去了最近的座位。根据前一句“The other kids had good friends with them, but I didn’t know anyone.”可知孩子们都有好朋友，但我不认识任何人。推知我感到孤独。故填(l)onely。
【75题详解】
句意：我能感觉到我的脸在那一刻变红了。根据“turning red”可知是脸红了。故填(f)ace。
【76题详解】
句意：我感到很受伤，不知道该说什么。根据“I managed a little smile”可知我什么也没有说，只是勉强笑了笑。故填(s)ay。
【77题详解】
句意：从那时起，我经常照镜子，研究大鼻子。主语为I，此处指“研究我自己”。故填(m)yself。
【78题详解】
句意：我似乎只是为了我的鼻子而活着。it seemed that“似乎，好像”，符合句意；根据前后可知是一般过去时态。故填(s)eemed。
【79题详解】
句意：我打电话给我爸爸寻求帮助，他告诉了我很多关于如何应对失败的事情。call sb. for help“向某人打电话求助”，符合句意；根据told可知是一般过去时态。故填(c)alled。
【80题详解】
句意：失败总是会出现。根据“face it”可知要面对失败，前提是失败出现了；根据always可知是一般现在时态，主语failure是不可数名词，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(a)ppears。
题型强化训练06 短文填空&首字母填空
☞【考点介绍】
考点
分值
出题方向
短文填空
10分
短文填空相当于一篇文章中的10小题单词适当形式填空题，其中涉及到的词性有名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、冠词、连词、代词、定语从句关系词、感叹词、数词等。
首字母填空
10分
首字母填空题的难度稍微大一点，需要学生瞻前顾后，结合空格前后的内容，从语法、句法及固定搭配等方面，确定空格所填词性。
☞【应试技巧】
一）、短文填空题型
考查形式：给提示词（动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词）
不给提示词（代词，冠词，连词，介词）
考点：1. 动词 2. 名词 3. 形容词与副词 4. 代词 5. 冠词
6. 连词 7. 介词 8. 词性转换 9. 特殊句式
有提示词的空格
★ 所给提示词是动词
词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
★ 所给提示词为名词
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化，及词性变化。
★ 所给提示词为形容词或副词
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，一般通过加后缀—er和—est，或在词前加more / less和most / least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。同时还要注意词性转化的情况。
★ 所给提示词为代词
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one / none、other / another等。
★ 所给提示词为数词
数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one / two的特殊变化形式 once / twice。
无提示词的空格
★ 下列情况下很可能填定冠词：
1.特指某（些）人、某（些）事物或双方都知道的人、物或再次提到的名词前。
2.用在西洋乐器前，如play the piano/violin/guitar/drum.
3.用在比较级、最高级或序数词前。
4.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。
5.定冠词与形容词连用，可表示某一类人或事物。如the poor/the rich/the old。
★ 下列情况很可能填不定冠词
1.用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物。泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。
2.用其中的任何一个，代表他们所属种类的特性。
3.用在事物的度量单位前，如时间、速度、价格等，表示“每一个"。
4.用于某些特定的词组。例如：a few几个，a little有点，等等。
★ 填介词的情况
空格放置于名词前，且空格与后面的名词一起，在句子中不充当主语，宾语，此时应考虑使用介词。另外，如果空格与前后能够形成固定搭配时，根据固定搭配，也会填介词。
★填连词的情况
若空格位于两个词，两个短语或者两个句子中间，则需考虑使用连词。
根据词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子之间的关系，如并列，转折，选择，因果关系，则填并列连词。如：and，or，but，so，for，while，both...and，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also 等。
若空格处在句子与句子之间，且引导从句，则此时需填从属连词。如：which, that , who, whom, whose, what等。
★ 填代词的情况
空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（反身代词不能作主语）。
其他代词
指示代词：this，that，these，those，such，same.
不定代词：some，any，each，every，one，none 等。
疑问代词：what，which，who，whom，whose等，用于特殊疑问句。
连接代词和关系代词是考主从复合句的，连接关系应根据主从复合句的关系确定选用。
二）、首字母填空的解题基本步骤
1. 通读短文全文，抓住高频词，把握大意
短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。 因此，我们在做题时，一定要先掌握文章的中心大意。从中获取文章的基本结构、体裁、主题及所使用的时态等相关信息。为正确而高效答题提供坚实的基础与保障。
2. 确定词性，缩小选词范围
通读全文、掌握大意后，瞻前顾后，结合空格前后的内容，从语法、句法及固定搭配等方面，确定空格所填词性。从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定词性。
3. 仔细推敲，判断题目类型并选出正确词汇
词性判断正确，大大缩小选词范围，重要的一步是分析题目类型。所谓题目类型指的是题目的考察能力及内容。
首字母填空技巧
该题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。
观察位置--判断词性--结合意思---判断形式
作主语：名词、代词、部分形容词
做谓语：动词
做宾语：名词、代词
做表语：形容词、名词
做定语：形容词、序数词、v-ing
做状语：副词
形容词，副词：需要注意比较级和最高级
形容词用来修饰名词，位于名词前,代词，位置可前可后，或者出现在系动词后，构成系表结构；若出现the ____ +名词，even___或 ___than...一般可认为是形容词，根据是形容词区别于其他词类的特性（比较级或最高级）。
副词和形容词相似，也有比较级和最高级，一般用来修饰动词。但是程度副词，频率副词等往往也是考查重点。常考的副词有：表强调的副词only，even，especially，still，also，always，almost，already；表否定的 hardly，never，seldom，rarely等；句中用逗号隔开的however，句后的again，together，altogether，instead，soon，anywhere等，句前的sometimes，usually等。平时同学们在做题时多留心，多总结高频出现的词，对增加做题的信心很有帮助。
动词：需要注意时态、语态及非谓语动词
判断是否是动词的基本方法：不管句子的类型如何，英语中每个句子都有一个核心动词，去掉充当句子修饰部分的“枝叶”，留下的骨干部分，看是否为一个完整的句子，是否缺少一个核心骨动词。
名词：要点注意名词单复数和属格
判断填写名词的基本方法：名词区别于其他此类的基本特征即是：名词前可以加上冠词。
代词: 注意人称代词，物主代词，和反身代词
在首字母填空中常填的是不定代词和反身代词，我们如果能够正确地分析句子所缺成分，这类填词很容易得分。另外，代词的填写主要集中在人称代词，物主代词以及反身代词。
连词：注意在复合句中的用法
连词在首字母填空中经常出现，是用来连接一个从句的，在分析确定填连词后，翻译一下上下句，连词就可以确定了。常考的连词有b开头的but，because，before；u开头的until和unless；wh-的宾语从句的连接词；以及although，though，so等。判断是否为连词，看两个句子是否为完整的句子，若完整，再看两个句子之间的关系：并列，转折等，从而选择相应的连词；有些既是副词又是连词的词（如：when）, 注意平时整理此类词在首字母填空中的常考词性。
☞【真题回顾】
2022年南通市中考英语短文填空真题
六、短文填空（本题共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Eat Your Greens!
I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he always says. So I decide to learn something more about them.
Plants are a very important part of our diet. Because of the c____66____ their leaves vegetables are often called “greens”. They p____67____ all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies. For example, vitamin C gives us healthy skin, and calcium(钙) keeps our bones s____68____. Others help to keep our hearts, blood and muscles healthy Eating vegetables does not make us f____69____ because they are low in calories.
It’s said that there are over 80,000 different kinds of plants which can be eaten on Earth. However, 90 percent of the foods we eat c____70____ from just 30 plants. This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e____71____ to grow.
It is suggested to eat at least five different vegetables every day. It’s a good h____72____ to make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c____73____meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d____74____.
In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend gives me good a____75____ on how to cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle.
【答案】
66. (c)olor##(c)olour 67. (p)rovide 68. (s)trong 69. (f)at 70. (c)ome
71. (e)asiest 72. (h)abit 73. (c)hoose 74. (d)elicious 75. (a)dvice
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍绿色蔬菜对人们的好处，建议人们多吃蔬菜。
【66题详解】
句意：由于其叶子的颜色，蔬菜常被称为“绿色蔬菜”。根据“Because of the c...leaves vegetables are often called “greens”.”可知，被称为绿色蔬菜是因为叶子的颜色，color/colour“颜色”符合语境，故填(c)olor/(c)olour。
【67题详解】
句意：它们提供各种对我们的身体非常重要的营养。根据“They p...all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies.”可知，蔬菜提供各种营养，provide“提供”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(p)rovide。
【68题详解】
句意：例如，维生素C使我们的皮肤健康，钙使我们的骨骼强壮。根据“calcium(钙) keeps our bones s...”可知，钙使我们的骨骼强壮，strong“强壮的”，作宾语补足语，故填(s)trong。
【69题详解】
句意：吃蔬菜不会使我们发胖，因为它们热量低。根据“Eating vegetables does not make us f...because they are low in calories.”可知，蔬菜热量低，不会让人发胖，fat“胖的”，作宾语补足语，故填(f)at。
【70题详解】
句意：然而，我们吃的90%的食物只来自30种植物。根据“90 percent of the foods we eat c...from just 30 plants”可知，很多食物只来自30种植物，come from“来自”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)ome。
【71题详解】
句意：这并不是因为它们最有营养，而是因为它们最容易生长。根据“This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e...to grow.”可知，这些蔬菜最容易生长，easy“容易的”，此前有the修饰，用形容词最高级，故填(e)asiest。
【72题详解】
句意：把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯。根据“It’s a good h...to make vegetables a main part of each meal.”可知，把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯，habit“习惯”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(h)abit。
【73题详解】
句意：然而，有些人认为蔬菜不如肉类那么受欢迎，所以当蔬菜和肉一起吃的时候，他们往往会选择肉类而不是蔬菜。根据“However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c...meat instead of vegetables.”可知，肉比蔬菜受欢迎，所以吃的时候会选肉，choose“选择”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)hoose。
【74题详解】
句意：另一些人认为蔬菜的烹饪方法不熟练，使它们不好吃。根据“Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d...”可知，蔬菜有的时候做出来不好吃，delicious“美味的”，作宾语补足语，故填(d)elicious。
【75题详解】
句意：为了帮助我有一个健康的饮食，我的朋友给我很好的关于如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议。根据“my friend gives me good a... on how to cook tasty vegetables”可知，给如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。
2022年盐城市中考英语短文填空真题
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l____66____, a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e____67____ because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be a m____68____ for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____69____ in love with cooking. It’s a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d____70____ the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s___71___ money and I don’t have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f____72____ work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T___73___ it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p____74____ that they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the j____75____ of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.
【答案】
66. (l)ate67. (e)asy68. (m)ess69. (f)ell70. (d)uring
71. (s)aves72. (f)arm73. (T)hough74. (p)ity75. (j)oy
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
【66题详解】
句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents often came home”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即late。故填(l)ate。
【67题详解】
句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it would be”可知，空格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
【68题详解】
句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard”可知，并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
【69题详解】
句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a good way to relax”和“in love with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in love with，根据“cooked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
【70题详解】
句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
【71题详解】
句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout”和“money”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“don’t”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式saves。故填(s)aves。
【72题详解】
句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I got to know how to plant vegetables”可知，我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm work，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
【73题详解】
句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard work”和“the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know”可知，空格处为一个让步状语从句，此时常用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Though。故填(T)hough。
【74题详解】
句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
【75题详解】
句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“of”可知，空格处应用一个名词，根据“Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”joy。故填(j)oy
2022年苏州市中考英语短文填空真题
第五部分短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文，填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in ___44___ circle. Hurricane winds are very ___45___(power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye ___46___ (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the ___47___ (strong) and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane moves over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break ___48___ (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send ___49___ (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close ___50___ a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes ___51___ (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses ___52___ (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood.
___53___ there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it.
【答案】
44 a 45. powerful 46. are 47. strongest 48. windows 49. them
50. to 51. reaches 52. quickly 53. Although或者Though
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍飓风的相关内容。
【44题详解】
句意：飓风的风是绕圈运动的。此处泛指一个圈，“circle”首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
【45题详解】
句意：飓风非常强大，风速可以从每小时120公里到每小时300公里以上。此处在句中作表语，用形容词powerful，故填powerful。
【46题详解】
句意：风眼的风力不是很强。本句时态是一般现在时，主语“Winds”是复数，故填are。
【47题详解】
句意：这堵墙是风最强、雨最大的地方。根据并列句“rain is the heaviest”可知，此处应使用最高级strongest，故填strongest。
【48题详解】
句意：飓风的威力足以把窗户吹成碎片。此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填windows。
【49题详解】
句意：强风会把物体吹到空中，造成破坏。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格them，故填them。
【50题详解】
句意：飓风带来的暴雨会在不靠近海岸的地区引发洪水。be close to“靠近”，故填to。
【51题详解】
句意：有时它几乎达到了房子的顶部。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“It”，动词用三单，故填reaches。
【52题详解】
句意：水很快进入房屋，造成很大的破坏。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词quickly，故填quickly。
【53题详解】
句意：虽然没有办法预防飓风，但你可以做好准备。前后两句构成让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，句首需大写首字母。故填Although/Though。
2022年扬州市中考英语短文填空真题
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___61___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___62___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o___63___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___64___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___65___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___66___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___67___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___68___ people changed nature.
Passing t___69___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____70____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
【答案】
61. (l)ongest 62. (c)ities 63. (o)pened 64. (s)hape 65. (h)istory 66. (w)hile
67. (c)onsidered 68. (h)ow 69. (t)hrough 70. (m)useums
【解析】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【61题详解】
句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
【62题详解】
句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
【63题详解】
句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
【64题详解】
句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
【65题详解】
句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
【66题详解】
句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions...they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
【67题详解】
句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
【68题详解】
句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
【69题详解】
句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
【70题详解】
句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
2022年宿迁市中考英语短文填空真题
五、根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Zhang Yugun is head of Heihumiao Primary School in Henan Province. He ___61___ (be) a person full of love and responsibility(责任).
After graduation in 2001, Zhang chose to work in the poor countryside. Over the past 21 years, he ___62___ (see) many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village. However, he has stayed on and made every effort to help the children deal with their ___63___ (problem).
One winter, travelling on the mountain road was much ___64___ (difficult) than usual. The school was about to start, but those ___65___ (student) books were still in a town outside the village. Then Zhang and another teacher left early in the morning with a shoulder pole(扁担). They carried back kilos of books. When they ___66___ (get) to the school, they were both covered in mud(泥), but the books were protected ___67___ (good). In 2006, a cement road(水泥路) ___68___ (build) in the village. So Zhang started to carry the books with a motorbike. Although four motorbikes broke down, he never ___69___ (stop).
In order to provide better care for the students whose parents had left the village to find work in the city, Zhang asked his wife to give up her job to help ___70___ (cook) and clean for the students. Thanks to the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumiao Primary School are able to learn at school and hope for a brighter future.
【答案】61. is 62. has seen 63. problems 64. more difficult
65. students’ 66. got 67. well 68. was built 69. stopped 70. cook
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍张玉滚的个人事迹。
【61题详解】
句意：他是一个充满爱心和责任感的人。时态是一般现在时，主语是He，故填is。
【62题详解】
句意：在过去的21年里，他目睹了许多教师因为村里的恶劣条件来了又走。根据“Over the past 21 years”可知，时态是现在完成时（have/has done），主语是he，助动词使用has，故填has seen。
【63题详解】
句意：然而，他留下了，并尽一切努力帮助孩子们解决他们的问题。孩子们的问题不止一个，用名词复数形式，故填problems。
【64题详解】
句意：有一年冬天，在山路上行走比平时难得多。根据“than usual”可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填more difficult。
【65题详解】
句意：学校就要开学了，但那些学生的书还在村外的一个小镇上。those修饰可数名词复数，此处作定语修饰books，所以用名词复数的所有格，故填students’。
【66题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。根据“were”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填got。
【67题详解】
句意：当他们到达学校时，他们都满身是泥，但书被保护得很好。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填well。
【68题详解】
句意：2006年，村里修建了一条水泥路。主语“a cement road”是动作的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词使用was，故填was built。
【69题详解】
句意：虽然有四辆摩托车坏了，但他从未停下来。根据“broke down”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填stopped。
【70题详解】
句意：为了更好地照顾那些父母离开农村到城市找工作的学生们，张要求他的妻子放弃工作，帮学生做饭和打扫卫生。此处与clean并列，help do sth“帮助做某事”，使用动词原形，故填cook。
2022年连云港市中考英语短文填空真题
B.根据短文意思和首字母提示,写出一个完整正确的单词。
Erhu is one of the most important Chinese instruments. It has a history (56)o 。1, 000 years. It is said that Erhu did not get its name(57) u the late Qing Dynasty. It has been improved gradually since it appeared. It is also (58) c the Chinese violin because its tone is as soft and bright as the violin' s. There are many (59) w pieces of music played by Erhu，such as The Moon Reflected on the Er-quan Spring. You can go and (60) e the charm of them. I hope you' ll love them.
【答案】
56.over 57.until 58.called 59.wonderful /world-famous 60.enjoy/experience
2022年泰州市中考英语短文填空真题
七、短文填空 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。
It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h___68___!
My head hit the ground h___69___. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b___70___ I failed! “There must be s___71___ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t___72___ that I had to still lie there. Then I saw b___73___ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in f___74___. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!
I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s___75___ his truck and came to help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.
When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c___76___ before and did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i___77___ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”
【答案】
68. (h)urt 69. (h)eavily 70. (b)ut 71. (s)omething 72. (t)errible
73. (b)lood 74. (f)ear 75. (s)topped 76. (c)areless 77. (i)tself
【解析】本文讲述了作者在骑车时重重的摔倒，安全意识救了他的命的故事。
【68题详解】
句意：我的右侧真的很痛！根据“I fell off my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此处是指受伤了。hurt“受伤”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填(h)urt。
【69题详解】
句意：我的头重重地撞在地上。根据“I lay there for a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此处是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副词修饰动词。故填(h)eavily。
【70题详解】
句意：我想站起来，但我失败了！根据“I failed!”可知，句子前后是转折关系，结合首字母可知是连词but“但是”。故填(b)ut。
【71题详解】
句意：我一定有什么问题。根据“There must be...wrong with me,”可知，作者的脑袋重重地摔在地上且站不起来，结合首字母可知应是something“一些东西”。固定短语there is something wrong with sb.“某人出了……问题”。故填(s)omething。
【72题详解】
句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根据“I had to still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起来，这是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容词。故填(t)errible。
【73题详解】
句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根据“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此处是看到鞋子上的血。应用名词形式blood“血”，作动词的宾语。故填(b)lood。
【74题详解】
句意：我害怕地看着它。根据“There was a sharp rock sticking out of it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短语in fear“害怕地，恐惧地”。故填(f)ear。
【75题详解】
句意：司机停下他的卡车来帮助我。根据“came to help me.”和首字母可知，司机是停下了车。stop“停止”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，stop的过去式为stopped。故填(s)topped。
【76题详解】
句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不总是戴头盔。根据“did not always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不总戴口罩，应是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填(c)areless。
【77题详解】
句意：妈妈，救我的不是头盔本身，而是安全意识。根据“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此处是指头盔本身。应用“the helmet”对应的反身代词itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。
2022年徐州市中考英语短文填空真题
B）用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
This time yesterday, Mr Zhang ____51____ (celebrate) his ____52____ (ninety) birthday at home. He said this to his family____53____ (member): “Most people change houses during their lifetime, but I ____54____ (live) in this house since I was born. I’ve got three children and all of them were born in this house too. Most of the time it has ____55____ (be) a happy place. The street is very different from when I was young. At that time, there were no cars and all the children used to play in the road. Some children still do, but it’s not the same—you’ve got to be very careful nowadays with the traffic. None of the people who live in the street now are as ____56____ (old) as I am—many of them have died; others have moved to another area. I ____57____ (not go) out much now and I’m getting a bit deaf. But none of this is important. I’ve got my children and my grandchildren, and they are everything to ____58____ (I).”
At the end of the party, on the dinner table, Mr Zhang’s daughter laid two big bowls of noodles which ____59____ (eat) up in a minute by the whole family.
“Happy birthday!” Everyone said ____60____ (cheer) to Mr Zhang.
【答案】51. was celebrating 52. ninetieth 53. members 54. have lived
55. been 56. old 57. don’t go 58. me 59. were eaten 60. cheerfully
【解析】本文主要介绍了张先生的九十大寿情况。
【51题详解】
句意：昨天的这个时候，张先生正在家里庆祝他的九十大寿。根据“This time yesterday”可知句子时态是过去进行时：was/were doing，主语是单数，be动词用was，故填was celebrating。
【52题详解】
句意：昨天的这个时候，张先生正在家里庆祝他的九十大寿。描述生日时，应用序数词，故填ninetieth。
【53题详解】
句意：他对家人说。member“成员”，可数名词，老人的家庭成员不止一个，应用复数，故填members。
【54题详解】
句意：大多数人一生都会换房子，但我从出生起就一直住在这所房子里。根据“since”可知主句是现在完成：have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have，故填have lived。
【55题详解】
句意：句意：大多数时候，它是一个快乐的地方。根据“has”可知句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填been。
【56题详解】
句意：现在住在这条街上的人没有一个和我一样老。as...as“和……一样”，中间用形容词副词原级，故填old。
【57题详解】
句意：我现在不常出去，而且我有点聋了。根据“now”可知句子是描述现在的一般性情况，用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，助动词用do。故填don’t go。
【58题详解】
句意：但这些都不重要。我有我的孩子和孙子，他们就是我的一切。I是主格，此处位于介词to后，应用宾格形式me，故填me。
【59题详解】
句意：晚会结束时，张的女儿在饭桌上放了两大碗面，一家人一会儿就吃完了。分析句子可知noodles和eat之间是被动关系，结合语境可知句子是一般过去时，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done。主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were eaten。
【60题详解】
句意：“生日快乐!”大家都高兴地对张先生说。分析句子可知此处应用副词修饰动词，cheer的副词为cheerfully。故填cheerfully。
2022年镇江市中考英语短文填空真题
五、短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China. But f____46____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying Xiong.
Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____47____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century ago. Many young people showed a strong i____48____ in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the a____49____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found a____50____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____51____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____52____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____53____ China.” A 29-year-old computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____54____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to f____55____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared with what they experienced.”
【答案】
46. (f)ew 47. (m)entioned 48. (i)nterest 49. (a)ge 50. (a)mong
51. (A)lthough 52. (s)ave 53. (m)odern 54. (r)igh或者(r)eal 55. (f)orget
【解析】本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
【46题详解】
句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。
【47题详解】
句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weibo user...this novel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mention“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entioned。
【48题详解】
句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many young people showed a strong...in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
【49题详解】
句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at the...of 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age of“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
【50题详解】
句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914...the novel was never completed, but it can be found...The Early Works of Zhou Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用among“在……中”，故填(a)mong。
【51题详解】
句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
【52题详解】
句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The novel was stopped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
【53题详解】
句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrote a history of...China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，modern“现代的”，故填(m)odern。
【54题详解】
句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
【55题详解】
句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，forget“忘记”，故填(f)orget。
2022年常州市中考英语短文填空真题
五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Museums play a big role in our society. They are also ____41____ important classroom for primary and secondary school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides ____42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Changzhou Museum ____43____ (carry) out more than 100 public training activities for volunteer guides.
In July, 2021, I was chosen ____44____ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. ____45____ it was my first time to serve there, I didn’t know what to do. Luckily, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, including “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture” and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of ____46____ (pioneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they had risked ____47____ (lose) their lives to create a new China.
In the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my job ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ____49____ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life. I feel ____50____ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help more people learn about Changzhou.
【答案】
41. an 42. are seen 43. has carried 44. to be 45. Because或者As
46. pioneers 47. losing 48. successfully 49. on 50. proud
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。
【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。
【42题详解】
句意：假日期间，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。
【43题详解】
句意：自2011年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has carried。
【44题详解】
句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to be“被选为……”，故填to be。
【45题详解】
句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my first time to serve there”是“I didn’t know what to do”的原因，用because/as引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。
【46题详解】
句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。
【47题详解】
句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。
【48题详解】
句意：在接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。
【49题详解】
句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对……有……的影响”，故填on。
【50题详解】
句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。
☞【模拟训练】
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
The history of Chinese characters (字) is from ancient times, with a history of several thousand years. Hanzi began as simple pictures that ancient Chinese people drew, p___56___ and carved to describe nature and lives.
The oldest Chinese characters are jiaguwen with 3, 000 years. They can give us k___57___ about how ancient people saw the world around them.
About 80% of Chinese characters are m___58___ up of smaller part which are mixed in different ways to develop thousands of hanzi. Chinese characters and Chinese culture are together. China’s writing system builds a strong b___59___ connecting Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past. Many international students are studying Chinese and are coming to e___60___ China’s wonderful culture, as China takes its place in the international community.
【答案】
56. (p)ainted 57. (k)nowledge 58. (m)ade 59. (b)ridge 60. (e)njoy
【解析】本文介绍了汉字的历史以及与中国文化之间的关系。
【56题详解】
句意：汉字最初是古代中国人绘制、绘画和雕刻的简单图画，用来描述自然和生活。根据“ancient Chinese people drew...”和首字母提示可知，本句是一般过去时，且此处是指画简单的图画。paint“绘画”，动词。故填(p)ainted。
【57题详解】
句意：他们可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界。根据“They can give us...about how ancient people saw the world around them.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指给我们知识。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填(k)nowledge。
【58题详解】
句意：大约80%的汉字由较小的部分组成，这些部分以不同的方式混合在一起，形成了数千个汉字。根据“About 80% of Chinese characters are...up of smaller part”和首字母提示可知，组成数千个汉字。固定短语be made up of“由……组成”。故填(m)ade。
【59题详解】
句意：中国的书写体系在中国人和中国文化的现在与过去之间搭建了一座牢固的桥梁。根据“China’s writing system builds a strong...connecting Chinese people and culture of the present with those of the past.”和首字母提示可知，此处是指搭建了一座坚固的桥梁。bridge“桥梁”，名词；且空前有“a”，其后跟单数名词。故填(b)ridge。
【60题详解】
句意：随着中国在国际社会中的地位，许多国际学生正在学习汉语，并开始欣赏中国的精彩文化。根据“and are coming to...China’s wonderful culture”和首字母提示可知，此处是指欣赏中国的文化。enjoy“享受”，动词；又因空前有动词不定式符号to，其后跟动词原形。故填(e)njoy。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出完整正确的单词。
Weiqi, also called go in the world, was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago. Learning it not only improves people’s logical (逻辑的) thinking ability, but also it d___56___ their calm personality. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi travelled to Japan, and the Europe in the 19th century. Now it has grown into an important international c___57___ event. So far, people from over 40 countries have played it. Among them, players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest 1___58___ of Weiqi.
Last February, the Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Terms came out in Beijing. It’s the f___59___ professional dictionary about Weiqi in China. The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge to s___60___ Weiqi culture. As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has a special language. It also has its own way of thinking and the method of communication.
【答案】
56. (d)evelops 57. (c)ompetition 58. (l)evel 59. (f)irst 60. (s)pread
【解析】本文主要介绍了围棋的发展，并且中国出版了一本《中英围棋术语辞典》。
【56题详解】
句意：学习它不仅能提高人的逻辑思维能力，还能培养人冷静的性格。根据“but also it...their calm personality”以及首字母可知围棋能培养人的冷静性格，develop“培养”，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填(d)evelops。
【57题详解】
句意：现在它已发展成为一项重要的国际比赛项目。根据“Now it has grown into an important internationa...event”以及首字母可知围棋是比赛项目，competition event“比赛项目”。故填(c)ompetition。
【58题详解】
句意：其中，中国、日本和韩国选手的围棋水平最高。根据“players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest”以及首字母可知这些选手的围棋水平最高，level“水平”，不可数名词。故填(l)evel。
【59题详解】
句意：这是中国第一部围棋专业词典。根据“the Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Terms came out in Beijing. It’s the...professional dictionary”以及首字母并结合常识可知这是第一部围棋专业词典，表示顺序用序数词first“第一”。故填(f)irst。
【60题详解】
句意：词典将成为传播围棋文化的必要工具和桥梁。根据“The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge to”以及首字母可知词典的出版有利于传播围棋文化，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形spread“传播”。故填(s)pread。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Bruce Li is my favourite film star. He had put all his efforts into kung fu training before he entered the film i____56____. In 1972 he acted in the film Fist of Fury. It made him popular. U____57____ you saw the film in person you couldn’t imagine how wonderful the film was. His f____58____ appearance in a movie was in Game of Deash. The film wasn’t finished when he passed away p____59____. He is c____60____ by many people as a talented superstar for his efforts.
【答案】
56. (i)ndustry 57. (U)nless 58. (f)inal 59. (p)eacefully 60. (c)onsidered
【解析】本文主要介绍电影明星李小龙。
【56题详解】
句意：在进入电影业之前，他把所有的精力都投到了功夫训练中。根据“the film”及首字母提示可知，此处考查名词industry“行业”，film industry“电影业”。故填(i)ndustry。
【57题详解】
句意：除非你亲眼看过这部电影，否则你无法想象这部电影有多精彩。根据后半句“...you couldn’t imagine how wonderful the film was.”及首字母提示可知，此处考查连词unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填(U)uless。
【58题详解】
句意：他最后一次出演电影是在《死亡游戏》中。根据下文“The film wasn’t finished when he passed away...”及首字母提示可知，此处考查形容词final“最后的”，作定语。故填(f)inal。
【59题详解】
句意：他安详地去世时，电影还没拍完。根据“passed away”及首字母提示可知，此处考查副词peacefully“安详地”，修饰动词短语。故填(p)eacefully。
【60题详解】
句意：由于他的努力，他被许多人认为是一位天才巨星。根据“as a talented superstar”及首字母提示可知，此处考查固定搭配be considered as“被视为”。故填(c)onsidered。
根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Tai chi has always been a symbol of Chinese culture and is becoming popular around the world.
One thing that makes tai chi popular is its h___56___ benefits (益处). As you move, you breathe deeply and naturally, focusing your attention on your body. This helps you relax and find inner peace.
What makes tai chi even more interesting might be the philosophical (哲学的) ideas b___57___ it. The term “tai chi” comes from Taoism, which states that inaction (无为) is the solution to problems. That’s w___58___ tai chi movements are slow and soft. Tai chi is not used to fight e___59___. It is used to protect yourself.
Tai chi also focuses on harmony between “yin” and “yang”. This idea of keeping a healthy balance can be applied (适用于) to almost e___60___ in life. It makes tai chi far more than just another martial art.
【答案】
56. (h)ealth 57. (b)ehind 58. (w)hy 59. (e)nemies 60. (e)verything
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的太极，详细介绍了太极受欢迎的原因、名字的来历等信息。
【56题详解】
句意：太极拳受欢迎的原因之一是它的健康益处。根据“This helps you relax and find inner peace.”可知是对健康有好处，health“健康”，名词作定语。故填(h)ealth。
【57题详解】
句意：太极拳更有趣的可能是它背后的哲学思想。根据“The term ‘tai chi’ comes from Taoism, which states that inaction is the solution to problems.”可知是讲太极拳背后的哲学思想，behind“在……后面”。故填(b)ehind。
【58题详解】
句意：这就是为什么太极拳动作缓慢而柔和。根据“The term ‘tai chi’ comes from Taoism, which states that inaction is the solution to problems.”可知这是太极动作缓慢而柔和的原因，此处用why表示“为什么”。故填(w)hy。
【59题详解】
句意：太极不是用来与敌人搏斗的。根据“to fight”可知是与敌人搏斗，enemy“敌人”，前无限定词，用复数形式enemies。故填(e)nemies。
【60题详解】
句意：这种保持健康平衡的想法几乎适用于生活中的每件事。根据“This idea of keeping a healthy balance can be applied to almost e... in life.”可知适用于生活中的每件事，everything“一切，每件事”。故填(e)verything。
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
For many people around the world, the ____61____ (two) Sunday in May is a day to respect their mothers. They say Mother’s Day is in May because this month’s sunshine is as warm as a mother’s love. The idea of celebrating Mother’s Day ____62____ (give) by Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia in 1914.
Last Sunday, I ____63____ (buy) some flowers for my mother. Did you do ____64____ (something) special to make your mother happy?
Many ways can make your mom feel special and you don’t need to spend much money. Mothers need to feel seen, heard, and loved and most often just want to be with their kids.
Do you know how ____65____ (make) Mom feel special?
Spend quality time together. Mothers want something more than anything else in the whole world. They want to be with their children. For a holiday, or any other special moment in ____66____ (they) lives, be sure to spend a full day of one-on-one time with the special woman in your life.
Go out for a walk together. ____67____ (spend) time together doesn’t need any money—never forget that. A beautiful walk is the perfect way ____68____ (make) Mom happy. Not only will you get some fresh air and sunshine, but also the relationship between you will be much ____69____ (close).
Bring her flowers. Flowers can brighten your mom’s feeling. If you have flowers in your backyard, you can pick them for free. Otherwise, a flower shop offers you all kinds of flowers. Consider these ______70______ (suggest) for no reason at all because Mom should feel special all year round.
【答案】
61. second 62. was given 63. bought 64. anything 65. to make
66. their 67. Spending 68. to make 69. closer 70. suggestions
【解析】本文主要告诉我们在母亲节当天如何使母亲感到开心和特别。
【61题详解】
句意：对世界各地的许多人来说，五月的第二个星期天是尊重母亲的日子。根据常识可知，母亲节在五月的第二个星期天，此处使用序数词，second“第二”，故填second。
【62题详解】
句意：庆祝母亲节的想法是由费城的安娜·贾维斯于1914年提出的。根据“The idea of celebrating Mother’s Day…(give) by Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia in 1914.”可知，此处主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，时态为一般过去时，主语为名词单数，使用be动词was。故填was given。
【63题详解】
句意：上周日，我给妈妈买了一些花。根据“Last Sunday”可知，本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填bought。
【64题详解】
句意：你做了什么特别的事让你妈妈高兴吗？根据“Did you do…(something) special to make your mother happy?”可知，本句为一般疑问句，使用anything，故填anything。
【65题详解】
句意：你知道如何让妈妈感到特别吗？how to do sth“如何做某事”，故填to make。
【66题详解】
句意：对于假期或他们生命中的任何其他特殊时刻，一定要花一整天的时间与你生命中的特殊女人一对一相处。根据“lives”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。
【67题详解】
句意：花时间在一起不需要任何金钱——永远不要忘记这一点。根据“time together doesn’t need any money never forget that.”可知，此处使用动名词作主语，故填Spending。
【68题详解】
句意：美丽的散步是让妈妈开心的最佳方式。根据“the perfect way”可知，此处使用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to make。
【69题详解】
句意：你不仅会得到新鲜的空气和阳光，而且你们之间的关系也会更加密切。根据“much”可知，此处much修饰形容词比较级，表示关系更加密切，故填closer。
【70题详解】
句意：毫无理由地考虑这些建议，因为妈妈一年四季都应该感到特别。根据“these”可知，these+名词复数。故填suggestions。
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
There are many different stories about the history of the umbrella. According to an old Chinese story, the umbrella ____51____ (invent) by Luban’s wife about 3,000 years ago.
Luban was ____52____ (famous) craftsman（工匠）in ancient China. One day, Luban and his wife ____53____ (walk) by the West lake. They were enjoying the ____54____ (beauty) scene when it suddenly started to rain ____55____ (heavy). After they returned home, they were all wet.
“Can you make something to keep the rain out?” Luban’s wife asked. “I can build some pavilions along the West Lake and you can hide under ____56____ (they) when it rains.” Luban replied.
Luban’s wife shook her head. She ____57____ (think) about this question for a long time.
One day, Luban’s wife saw some children ____58____ (play) in the rain. They were holding up large lotus ____59____ (leaf) to keep out the rain. She got a good idea from the children. The next day, she made the ____60____ (one) umbrella in ancient China.
【答案】
51. was invented 52. the most famous 53. were walking 54. beautiful
55. heavily 56. them 57. thought 58. playing 59. leaves 60. first
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了鲁班妻子发明伞的故事。
【51题详解】
句意：根据一个古老的中国故事，伞是鲁班的妻子在大约 3000 年前发明的。本句缺谓语；根据“the umbrella”及所给词汇可知，伞是被发明的，需用被动语态；因是一般过去时且主语是单数，故填was invented。
【52题详解】
句意：鲁班是中国古代最著名的工匠。根据“in ancient China.”及所给词汇可知，此处需用最高级，表示中国古代最著名的，故填the most famous。
【53题详解】
句意：一天，鲁班和他的妻子在西湖边散步。本句缺谓语；根据语境及所给词汇可知，他们是正在散步，需用进行时；因是过去时且主语是复数，故填were walking。
【54题详解】
句意：正在欣赏美景的时候，突然下起了大雨。根据“scene”及所给词汇可知，此处是形容词作定语修饰scene，表示美景，故填beautiful。
【55题详解】
句意：正在欣赏美景的时候，突然下起了大雨。根据“rain”及所给词汇可知，此处是副词修饰动词rain，表示雨下得大，故填heavily。
【56题详解】
句意：我可以在西湖边建一些亭子，下雨的时候你可以躲在下面。根据“under”及所给词汇可知，此处需用人称代词，表示他们；因在介词后，需用宾格，故填them。
【57题详解】
句意：这个问题她想了很久。本句缺谓语；根据语境及所给词汇可知，此处是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填thought。
【58题详解】
句意：一天，鲁班的妻子看到几个孩子在雨中玩耍。根据“saw some children”及所给词汇可知，此处考查see sb doing sth，表示“看到某人正在做某事”，故填playing。
【59题详解】
句意：他们举着大荷叶挡雨。根据“large lotus”及所给词汇可知，此处表示荷叶，需用复数，故填leaves。
【60题详解】
句意：第二天，她制作了中国古代第一把雨伞。根据“She got a good idea from the children.”及所给词汇可知，她想出了主意，所以第二天造出了第一把伞，用序数词，故填first。
根据首字母补全单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Nowadays, WeChat is already part of life for many of us Chinese people. We use it every day to chat, send photos and p____61____ for things when shopping. But do you know the man behind it? —He is Zhang Xiaolong. Zhang Xiaolong was born in Hunan. While at university, he had many h____62____ such as playing chess, tennis and bowling. His classmates said w____63____ he did, he could get quite good at it and kept working till midnight every day. Such a clever and hard-working man would surely s____64____. But few people know about him. He only lets his work speak. January 21, 2021 was the 10th birthday of WeChat. It’s said that Zhang Xiaolong is making his a____65____ 10-year plan for WeChat. Will he surprise us again? That’s for sure.
【答案】
61. (p)ay 62. (h)obbies 63. (w)hatever 64. (s)ucceed 65. (a)nother
【解析】本文是对微信创始人张小龙的简单介绍。
【61题详解】
句意：我们每天都用它来聊天、发送照片和购物时付款。根据“...for things when shopping.”和首字母可知，是购物时为买的东西付钱，pay for“支付”，固定短语。故填(p)ay。
【62题详解】
句意：在大学期间，他有很多爱好，比如下棋、网球和保龄球。根据“such as playing chess, tennis and bowling”和首字母可知，是有很多爱好，hobby“爱好”，可数名词，“many”修饰名词复数。故填(h)obbies。
【63题详解】
句意：他的同学们说，无论他做什么，他都能做得很好，每天工作到深夜。根据“he could get quite good at it”和首字母可知，表示无论做什么，他都能做好，whatever“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句。故填(w)hatever。
【64题详解】
句意：这样一个聪明而勤奋的人一定会成功。根据“Such a clever and hard-working man would surely...”和首字母可知，他聪明又努力，一定能成功，succeed“成功”，动词，作谓语，“would”后接动词原形。故填(s)ucceed。
【65题详解】
句意：据说张小龙正在为微信制定另一个10年计划。根据“January 21, 2021 was the 10th birthday of WeChat.”和首字母可知，微信的诞生已经过去了一个10年，他为另一个10年做计划，another“另一个”符合语境。故填(a)nother。
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词、使短文意思完整。
The Power of Words
Our words carry huge weight. They may influence people for years, and even for a lifetime. They provide them with courage to go on or one more r____71____ to give up.
When I was fourteen, my family moved to another city. Junior high was always a d____72____ time for me. And the move made my ninth-grade year e____73____ harder. I remember walking into the dining hall for the first time. The other kids had good friends with them, but I didn’t know anyone. I felt l____74____ and went to the nearest seat after getting some food. The kids beside me looked at me up and down and then laughed. I could feel my f____75____ turning red at that moment. Then one of the kids broke the ice. “Man! You have one BIG nose!” I felt hurt and didn’t know what to s____76____. I wanted to cry. But I managed a little smile—as if it didn’t matter to me at all. But it did. From then on, I would often look at m____77____ in the mirror and study the big nose. It s____78____ that I was just living for my nose. Thankfully, I grew out of this influence finally.
There is another thing that is kept deep in my mind. I remember going through a terrible business failure. I lost everything. I c____79____ my dad for help and he told me a lot about how to deal with the failure. “Failure always a____80____. It isn’t bad. What we should do is to face it bravely and never give up.” What he said gave me a lot of confidence to go on with my business.
【答案】
71. (r)eason 72. (d)ifficult 73. (e)ven 74. (l)onely
75. (f)ace 76. (s)ay 77. (m)yself 78. (s)eemed 79. (c)alled 80. (a)ppears
【解析】本文讲述了作者上高中时被同学取笑大鼻子和生意失败时得到父亲的鼓励两件事，说明语言的神奇力量。
【71题详解】
句意：它们给了他们继续下去的勇气，或是一个放弃的理由。根据语意可知是“一个理由”，即reason。故填(r)eason。
【72题详解】
句意：初中对我来说一直是一段艰难的时光。根据下一句“And the move made my ninth-grade year...harder.”可知搬家使我九年级的学习困难；此处根据首字母提示可知是difficult“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。
【73题详解】
句意：搬家使我九年级的学习更加困难。此处修饰比较级harder，根据首字提示可知是even“甚至”。故填(e)ven。
【74题详解】
句意：我感到很孤独，拿了些食物后就去了最近的座位。根据前一句“The other kids had good friends with them, but I didn’t know anyone.”可知孩子们都有好朋友，但我不认识任何人。推知我感到孤独。故填(l)onely。
【75题详解】
句意：我能感觉到我的脸在那一刻变红了。根据“turning red”可知是脸红了。故填(f)ace。
【76题详解】
句意：我感到很受伤，不知道该说什么。根据“I managed a little smile”可知我什么也没有说，只是勉强笑了笑。故填(s)ay。
【77题详解】
句意：从那时起，我经常照镜子，研究大鼻子。主语为I，此处指“研究我自己”。故填(m)yself。
【78题详解】
句意：我似乎只是为了我的鼻子而活着。it seemed that“似乎，好像”，符合句意；根据前后可知是一般过去时态。故填(s)eemed。
【79题详解】
句意：我打电话给我爸爸寻求帮助，他告诉了我很多关于如何应对失败的事情。call sb. for help“向某人打电话求助”，符合句意；根据told可知是一般过去时态。故填(c)alled。
【80题详解】
句意：失败总是会出现。根据“face it”可知要面对失败，前提是失败出现了；根据always可知是一般现在时态，主语failure是不可数名词，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(a)ppears。
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