高中英语2023高考强调句专题复习（强调成分+考点分析）

高考英语强调句一、强调的成分强调结构是：It +is/was+被强调成分+that+句子的剩余部分。如果我们要强调一个句子的某个部分时，就将要强调的那个部分放在it is/was与that之间，而句子的其余部分原封不动地直接放在that之后。此结构可强调除谓语动词外的各种成分。(1) 强调主语It was he that saw Mr.Wang on TV yesterday.是他在电视上看到了王先生。(2) 强调宾语It was Mr.Wang that he saw on TV yesterday.他昨天在电视上看到的是王先生。(3) 强调补语It is green that he has pained the door.他把门漆成绿色了。(4) 强调表语It is a doctor that he has become.他已成为一名教师了。(5) 强调地点状语It was on TV that he saw Mr.Wang yesterday.他昨天是在电视上看到王先生的。(6) 强调时间状语It was yesterday that he saw Mr.Wang on TV.是昨天他在电视看到王先生。(7) 强调方式状语It was by bike that we went to the park.我们是骑自行车去公园的。(8) 强调各类从句It was what he said that surprised me.是他讲的话让我吃谅。It is because the book is so useful for my work that I bought it.正因为这本书对我很有用，我才买它。It was just as he ordered that she acteD.她正是照他吩咐的去做的。(9) 强调not…until…中的时间状语It was not until 12 o’clock that he went to beD.直到12点他才睡。(比较原句：He didn’t go to bed until 12 o’clock.)It was not until his father came back home that he went to beD.直到他父亲回到家里他才睡。(比较原句：He didn’t go to bed until his father came back home.)(10) 强调非谓语动词It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of money.电脑游戏花掉了这个孩子许多钱。It was to get my brakes repaired that I brought my car in, not to get the engine replaced! 我开车来是修理刹车的而不是来换动力的。二、重要的考点强调句型的基本结构是“It+be+被强调成分+that (who)…”。如：He bought the book in this shop yesterday.→It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday.(强调主语he)→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday.(强调宾语the book)→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday.(强调地点状语in this shop)综观近几年的语法考题，我们发现对强调句型的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：一、考查强调句的基本形式这类考题主要涉及被强调成分为介词短语的情形。如：It’s in the park that Jack met your sister yesterday.杰克昨天是在公园与你的姐姐见面的。It is on political questions that their views are different.他们在政治问题上见解不同。【真题实例】1.—Where did you get to know her?—It was on the farm _________ we workeD.A.that                      B.there                       C.which                   D.where2.David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _________ he chose the course.A.that                       B.what                      C.why                      D.how[参考答案]分别为DA二、考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式强调句型的陈述句形式和一般疑问句形式一般还好理解，但若以特殊疑问句形式出现，则很容易误解。比较：Jim told us the news.(非强调句)→It was Jim that told us the news.(强调句型的陈述句形式)→Was it Jim that told us the news.(强调句型的一般疑问句形式)→Who was it that told us the news.(强调句型的特殊疑问句形式)特殊疑问句形式的强调句可视为对陈述句强调中的被强调成分提问得来，如对It was yesterday that he arriveD.这一句中的yesterday提问，即得到When was it that he arrived? 请再看以下例子：How long ago is it that you last saw her? 你上一次看见她是多久以前的事?Why is it that I always land up cleaning the bath? 为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸?Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?【真题实例】1.I just wonder _________ that makes him so exciteD.A.why it does           B.what he does      C.how it is              D.what it is2.— _________ that he manage to get the information.—Oh, a friend of his helped him.A.Where was it         B.What was it       C.How was it            D.Why was it3.Why! I have nothing to confess._________ you want me to say?A.What is it that        B.What it is that     C.How is it that          D.How it is that[参考答案]分别为DCA三、考查被强调成分为从句的情形如果被强调成分为一个词或一个词组还比较好理解，但如果被强调的是一个从句，则比较容易出错。如：It was after he got married that he got to know Mary.他是在结婚之后才认识玛丽的。It was not what he he said but how he behaved that made us angry.使我们生气的不是他说的话，而是他做的样子。【真题实例】1.It is not who is right but what is right _________ is of importance.A.which                 B.it                      C.that                   D.this2.I don’t mind her criticizing me, but _________ is how she does it that I object to.A.it                        B.that                   C.this                   D.which3.It was after he got what he had desired _________ he realized it was not so important.A.that                     B.when                C.since                 D.as4.It is what you do rather than what you way _________ matters.A.that                     B.what                C.which                 D.this [参考答案]分别为CAAA四、考查not...until句式的强调结构其基本形式为It is (was) not until…that…。比较：He didn't come until his wife left.他妻子走了之后他才来。→It was not until his wife left that he came.他妻子走了之后他才来。They didn't start until the rain stoppeD.直到雨停他们才出发。→It was not until the rain stopped that they starteD.直到雨停他们才出发。注：这类句型不用倒装语序，但若改成Not until…，则要用倒装。如：Not until his wife left did he come.他妻子走了之后他才来。Not until the rain stopped did they start.直到雨停他们才出发。【真题实例】1.It _________ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _________ I found we had a lot in common.A.was until; when     B.was until; that       C.wasn’t until; when   D.wasn’t until; that2.It was not until she got home _________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A.when                   B.that                      C.where                      D.before3.It wasn’t until nearly a month later _________ I received the manager’s reply.A.since                    B.when                   C.as                            D.that[参考答案]分别为DBD五、考查强调句与非强调句的辨别1.设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：It might have been John _________ bought a present for Mary yesterday.A.that                       B.when                  C.what                      D.which【解析】答案选A，为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构，所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。2.设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：It was evening       we reached the little town of Winchester.A.that                       B.until                    C.since                     D.before【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的it was，再联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It was…that这一结构后，原句不能成为一个完整的句子，所以这不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。三、强调句的特殊疑问句考题请看下面的题，是考查强调句吗？它是强调句的什么形式？“How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?” “Totally by chance.”A.it that                           B.he thatC.it when                        D.he which【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为：It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：(1) Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl?A.since      B.as                C.that          D.he答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。(2) What is it _____ his daughter needs most?A.what       B.which         C.that          D.if答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most.这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。强调句还是状语从句这道题是考查强调句还是状语从句？仔细看看：—Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?—Sure.But when I got back there, the bike was gone.A.that                            B.whereC.which                        D.while【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。【分析】其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。这道题是考查强调句还是定语从句？ 这道题是考查强调句还是定语从句？还是……It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhooD.A.which, that                           B.that, whichC.which, which                        D.that, where【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house (以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father)。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：(1) It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.A.who, where                        B.that, howC.who, that                            D.that, which此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy (以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison)。(2) It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he dieD.A.where, which                        B.that, thatC.where, that                           D.which, that此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。It is...that通常不能强调哪些成分　　请看一道题：　　It was a teacher that she __________.　　A.was                        B.seemed                        C.looked                        D.married　　此题应选D。从句意上看似乎4个选项都行，其实这里只能填D。因为填A，B，C 中的任意一个选项，都会导致句中的 a teacher成为表语，然而按照强调句句法规则，It is...that这一强调句型是不能强调表语的。一般说来，以下成分不能用于强调句中的被强调部分：　　1.表语：　　她很美。　　[正]She is beautiful.　　[误]It is beautiful she is.　　他是医生。　　[正]He is a doctor.　　[误]It is a doctor that he is.　　但是宾语补足语却可以用作被强调部分：　　他们选他担任主席。　　[正]They elected him chairman.　　[正]It was chairman that they elected him.　　2.since，as原因状语从句(但because从句却可以)：　　他不能来是因为他病了。　　[正]It is because he is ill that he can’t come.　　[误]It is since[as] he’s ill that he can’t come.　　3.although引导的让步状语从句：　　虽然累了，但他还是去了。　　[正]He went although he was tireD.　　[误]It was although he was tired that he went.