北京市通州区近三年（2021-2023）八年级上学期期末试卷分类汇编：阅读理解

这是一份北京市通州区近三年（2021-2023）八年级上学期期末试卷分类汇编：阅读理解，共18页。

北京市通州区
近三年（2021-2023）八年级上学期期末试卷分类汇编
阅读理解
北京市通州区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
14. （6分）
Volunteers

I'm Jack. I'm 12 years old. I'm from London. I like gardening. I often help my neighbors with their gardens. In spring，I help them plant trees and flowers. I often help them water the plants in the gardens. They often give me some beautiful flowers to thank me.

My name is Grace. I am 11 years old. I come from Sydney. I like helping the children in the hospital. I often give them some toys and books. When I go to see them，I often play toys with them. They all like me and now I often write letters to them.

I'm Tom and I'm 13 years old. I'm from New York. I take part in neighborhood clean﹣up. On weekends I often take a bag to do some cleaning work with my friends. I pick up the dirty things and put them into the bag.

I'm Lily. I'm 14 years old. I come from Vancouver. I like helping the old neighbors in our community. They can't walk quickly so I often walk the dogs for them. On weekends I help them do some shopping. They all like me.
（1）Jack is from 　 　.
A. London
B. Sydney
C. New York
D. Vancouver
（2）What does Grace like doing？ 　 　
A. Gardening.
B. Doing some cleaning work.
C. Helping the children in the hospital.
D. Helping the old neighbors in her community.
（3）On weekends，Lily 　 　.
A. picks up the dirty things
B. plays toys with the children
C. helps her neighbors watering the plants
D. helps the old neighbors do some shopping




15. （6分）
The Ant and the Dove
It was a hot day，an ant was searching for some water. After walking around for some time，he came to a river. To reach the river，he had to climb up a blade of grass. While making his way up，he slipped（滑倒）and fell into the water. "Help!Help!"called the ant. "What can I do？"
The ant was in trouble. A dove up a nearby tree saw it. "I will help you，" she said. The dove quickly plucked（摘，扯）off a piece of leaf and dropped it into the water near the struggling （挣扎脱身）ant. "Get on the leaf，"she said. The ant moved toward the leaf and climbed up there. Soon the leaf carried him safely to dry ground. The ant said to the dove，"One day I will help you. " The dove said to the ant，You are too little to help. "
Three days later，a heartless hunter was about to shoot（射杀）the sleeping dove，hoping to hunt her. The ant quickly bit（咬伤）his toe. Feeling the pain，the hunter shot and missed the dove. Then he dropped his rifle. Hearing the bang，the dove quickly woke up and flew away to safety. "I did help you，" said the ant. "Yes，you did，" said the dove.


（1）The ant fell into the river when 　 　.
A. a dove called him
B. he saw the hunter
C. he was drinking water
D. he was making his way up
（2）The dove saved the ant by 　 　.
A. dropping a piece of leaf into the river
B. biting the hunter's toe
C. shooting the hunter
D. giving him a rifle
（3）The story mainly wants to tell us 　 　.
A. it's dangerous to get the water in the river
B. it's important to help each other
C. it's bad to hunt the animals
D. it's hard to make friends
16. （6分）
Sleeping
Sleeping is important for your health and fitness. It's often overlooked（被忽视）as a key part of your health. Why is sleep so important and what happens when you're sleeping？
Sleeping is actually a very active time for your body. It's not just you are closing your eyes and waiting to wake up. Sleep is made up of stages . In the first couple stages，your mind stops worrying about what is happening around it and your body relaxes. Your heart rate（速率），temperature and breathing are all lower as your body relaxes. As you fall more deeply asleep，your muscles（肌肉）relax and your cells（细胞）start to rebuild. Growth hormones（激素）are released（释放）in deep sleep to help you grow and build muscle. Your body repairs itself.
Later，you will fall into REM sleep. This is probably the most important part of your sleep when you are dreaming. Your muscles turn off completely，but your brain is very active. It helps provide energy（能量）for the brain and gives you daytime energy. You usually drop into dream or REM sleep about every 90 minutes you are asleep. That's why sleep is important.
Hormones that control mood，energy level，your immune（免疫的）system and appetite （食欲）are all affected（影响）by sleep. Getting the proper amount of sleep allows your body to function（运转）at its very best. It also helps you to grow. Your memory doesn't even work as well when you are tired. How can you make good decisions and concentrate without proper sleep？

（1）What does the word "stages"in Paragraph 2 probably （可能）mean？ 　 　
A. Letters.
B. Steps.
C. Units.
D. Notes.
（2）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A. Hormones can make you have a good sleep.
B. During deep sleep，your body stops working.
C. Teenagers usually need less sleep than their parents.
D. When you are dreaming，your brain stays active and get energy.
（3）The writer advises us to 　 　.
A. have enough sleep
B. grow up happily
C. do more active exercise
D. study the sleep
17. （8分）
Natural Disasters
Earthquakes are natural disasters. They are the shaking of the earth's surface（表面）. The earth makes these natural earthquakes in order to release pressure（释放压力）.
More than a million earthquakes happen in the world each year. Earthquakes usually last less than a minute but you can feel them. The scary thing about earthquakes is that they begin with no warning. But scientists are still working on the problem.
There are about 20 plates（板块）along the surface of the earth that move slowly all the time next to each other. When the plates touch each other，huge rocks are created（创造）and explode（爆炸）with great power（力量），causing an earthquake. As the plates move，they put pressure on themselves and each other. When the pressure is large enough，the crust（地壳）is forced（被迫）to break.
Shaking and ground breaking are the main effects（影响）created by earthquakes. After an earthquake is over，buildings are usually damaged（破坏）and people get hurt even killed.
Some people think animals can predict（预言）an earthquake. The earliest reference（参考） about unusual animal behavior is from Greece in 373 BC. Rats and snakes reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before an earthquake. Scientists can easily explain the cause of unusual animal behavior seconds before humans feel an earthquake. Very few humans notice the smaller P wave that travels the fastest from the earthquake source（源）and arrives before the larger S wave. But many animals are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives. As for sensing an earthquake days or weeks before it happens，that's a different story. Scientists have tried many different ways of predicting earthquakes，but none have been successful. They need to do much research on this subject.
So what should you do when an earthquake begins？If you are inside a building，you should take cover under a table. If you are outside，you should stay out in an open place.

（1）An earthquake happens because 　 　.
A. the earth wants to release pressure
B. there are more creatures on the earth
C. there are about 30 plates along the surface of the earth
D. people damaged the surface of the earth
（2）What is the third paragraph mainly about？ 　 　
A. The places of earthquakes.
B. The reasons for earthquakes.
C. The ways of predicting earthquakes.
D. The bad result of an earthquake.
（3）Some animals 　 　so they leave their homes to safe places before an earthquake.
A. are very clever
B. can create an earthquake
C. like living in new places with their friends
D. can feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives
（4）The writer probably agrees（同意）that 　 　.
A. we should protect the animals before earthquakes
B. scientists can know earthquakes before they happen
C. people should learn to keep safe during earthquakes
D. earthquakes are the most dangerous natural disasters

北京市通州区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷
三、阅读单选
Healthy living is important for everyone. We only need 21 days to form(形成)good healthy habits. Here is some advice for you.
Healthy Lifestyle Tips
Healthy Breakfast
Eating healthy breakfast is the most important thing of the day. So, begin your day with a good healthy breakfast. Bread, milk, eggs, fruits and vegetables are all good choices(选择). There are some facts to suggest that eating breakfast can help people to solve their health problems.
Fruits & Vegetables
We should eat at least 5 kinds of fruits and vegetables in daily diet. This healthy diet will help the body to be healthy and strong. So make it a habit of eating fruits in your daily diet because it not only improves your health but also reduces(减少) health problems.
Exercise for 30 minutes
Always have some exercise routines when you’re at home. It’s important to get some forms of physical activities every day to have a healthy lifestyle. At least 30 minutes of exercise is needed to keep your health in good form. You can use the stairs instead of 1ift walk in the park or walk to school.
Get 8 hours of sleep
One of the most important good healthy habits is to get eight hours’ sleep every day. It is important to the body and it can help you keep away stress(压力)and tiredness. If you don’t have enough sleep your body and mind can’t work well, so never think winning more by sleeping less.

41. What is the most important thing of a day?A. Eating healthy breakfast. B. Eating fruits and vegetables.
C. Doing exercise for 30 minutes. D. Having a good supper.
42. We should eat at least __________ kinds of fruits and vegetables every day.
A. 5 B. 10 C. 8 D. 30
43. 8-hour sleep is important because it can help us __________.
A. have exercise routines B. do exercise for 30 minutes
C. have enough time to eat breakfast D. keep away stress and tiredness

Mom’s Recipe (食谱) for Life
I have a lot of Mom’s recipes in a blue box where all my special ones were put. But the recipe I treasure (珍爱) most is not in the box. Instead, mom lived this recipe all of her life.
My mother grew up in a small town in southwest Iowa. My grandfather told me that my mom regarded(把……当做) everyone as her friend in that community. She had this attitude (态度) all her life.
As a teen, I was embarrassed (尴尬) every time when my mother talked to strangers (陌生人) and gave a smile to everyone in the store or on the bus. Almost all of them responded (回应) with a bright smile of their own. Some spoke, others nodded their heads at this elderly woman who brought a little light into their day.
One day, Mom took the senior (老年人) bus to the shop. It was her first time to take the senior bus. When she came back, I asked her how it went.
“Ha!” She said, “I got on that bus and guess what I saw: Thirteen old people and no one spoke on the bus.”
“Oh, did you talk with them?”I asked.
“Of course.” she said. “When I got on the bus I gave them a big smile and I said, ‘Isn’t it a wonderful day?’ I greeted them happily and before long the whole group was smiling and talking to one other. The bus became more than just transportation (交通工具)”.That is really amazing.
When I was free, I went shopping with Mom, I watched as she smiled and talked with strangers. Once Mom smiled at them and started a conversation, they could talk to her friendly. My mother didn’t embarrass me any longer. I found myself admiring her.
She’s been gone for ten years but I’ve carried on her recipe for life. It was me who had done the smiling first and all those people responded. My mother taught me by example. She’d given me a recipe for life.
44. As a teen, how did the writer feel when her mom talk to strangers?
A. Embarrassed B. Happy C. Excited D. Relaxed
45. What did the writer’s mom do to make the bus more than transportation?
A. She gave her seat to other people.
B. She gave her food to the people on the bus.
C. She shook hands with the people on the bus.
D. She smiled at the people on the bus and started a conversation.
46. What did the writer learn from her mom?
A. She should do some shopping for strangers.
B. She should give her menus to others.
C. She should start a conversation with her friends first.
D. She should regard everyone as her friend and smile first.

I Will Think of It
“I will think of it.”It is easy to say this, but do you know what great things have come from thinking? We cannot see our thoughts, or hear, or taste, or feel them, but they have great power(力量).
Sir Isaac Newton was sitting in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree. He began to think. While trying to find out why the apple fell, he discovered(发现)how the earth, sun, moon, and stars are kept in their places. When a boy named James Walt watched the lid(盖子)of the tea kettle(水壶)moving up and down, he began to think. He wanted to find out why the steam(蒸汽)in the kettle moved the heavy lid. From that time, he went on thinking and thinking, and when he became a man, he improved the steam engine(蒸汽机)so much that it could do the work of many horses easily.
A young man named Galileo was once standing in a big hall when he saw a chandelier(吊灯)moving back and forth. This set him thinking. He thought and wanted to find the period of the swing(摆动周期)and it led to the invention(发明)of the pendulum(钟摆).
James Ferguson was a poor boy. Once, seeing the inside of a watch, he started to think.” I can make a clock,” he thought. But how could he make the clock? He thought and thought, then he tried many times. At last he made a wooden clock. When he became a man, he went to London to live and made a lot of speeches there. Some of the great men in England listened to his speeches. His motto was, “I will think of it,” and he made his thoughts useful to himself and the world.
When you have a difficult lesson to learn, don’t give up. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to solve the problem.
47. What did Newton do when he saw an apple fall from a tree?
A. He thought and made a wooden clock.
B. He thought and tried to find out why the apple fell.
C. He found out why the steam in the kettle moved the heavy lid.
D. He improved the steam engine to make it work well.
48. What did these four people in the passage have in common?
A. They thought and then they improved the steam engine.
B. They did some experiments without thinking.
C. They kept thinking and they didn’t give up.
D. They had these ideas by listening to speeches.
49. Why does the writer write this passage?
A. To give us suggestions on how to think.
B. To encourage us to think more.
C. To tell us why these people are so famous.
D. To introduce the great things to people.

When most people imagine (想象) a classroom, they think of older people teaching younger ones. But when it comes to learning about high technology devices (高科技设备), the opposite can often be true. That is what is happening through a programme in Maryland. The 50+ Center gives free technology (科技) classes to people aged 50 and older. The teachers are often teenagers (青少年) and even younger children.
Myra Stafford is 73 years old. She takes the class to learn how to use her iPad. Eleven-year-old Peter teaches Ms. Stafford. He says that patience (耐心) is very important when working with old people. “You have to be really, really patient, because some of them may not know as well as others, so you must be really patient.”
Marian is the director (负责人) of the 50+ Center. She added (增加) the technology classes last year because the center received some iPads from local people. Since then, about 100 old people took the classes to learn how to use iPads. The technology classes are important for them to connect (联系) with the world around them. She also says this programme can be helpful for the economy (经济). “The number of people over 60 is growing fast and it gives a good chance to buy online. About a third of the Internet users are over 50. As these old people get more excited about using the iPad, they can also go to the shop to buy the things they search online. So the economy starts to boom.”
Amy is a 17 year-old teacher for the technology classes. She says she also learns a lot from helping old people. “I’ve learned a lot on how to connect with people and work with them. I’m usually a shy (害羞的) person. Now I’ve learned to be more outgoing (开朗).”
Amy’s teacher says young people like Amy get more than just social (社会) skills from teaching old people. “Young people are trying to find their way and find out how they add value (价值) to life, this is a good chance for them to practise their skills and connect with the world.”
50. What do we know about the technology classes from the passage?
A. Teachers of the classes are more than 50 years old.
B. The old people can learn to use iPads from the classes.
C. People should pay some money for the classes.
D. The old people know new technology better than their teachers.
51. Why are the technology classes very important?
A. Because young teachers can teach some life skills to their students.
B. Because young teachers can learn to use the new technology.
C. Because old people can learn skills and connect with the world around.
D. Because old people can learn to be patient when they have the classes.
52. The word “boom” in Paragraph 3 probably means__________.
A. turn cold B. get lower
C. become smaller D. grow fast
53. What does the writer think of the technology classes?
A. They are good for both the young and the old people.
B. They can help young people do shopping online.
C. Old people can get social skills by giving lessons to young people.
D. Young people find the value to life when they use the new technology.

北京市通州区2020-2021学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷


Harry began to skateboard two years ago. Now he can do lots of exciting tricks (招数). He often goes to the skateboard park to practise with his friends. He never skateboards near the road.

Betty learned to ride a bike when she was five years old. She rides her bike everywhere, but she enjoys it best when she and her dad go to a special bike rail(路径). They can ride up and down hills and through woods(树林).

Robert likes playing football and it makes him stronger. He keeps playing football four times each week. Football is a great way of exercise and a great way to have fun with friends and possibly make some new ones.

Sara learned swimming when she was six years old and her mum taught her how to swim. She is on the school team now. Swimming changed her a lot and she is more confident in herself.

54. When did Harry begin to skateboard?A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. D. Four years ago.
55. Betty likes riding bikes with ________.
A. her mum B. her friend C. her dad D. her sister
56. How often docs Robert play football?
A. Once a week B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.

My friend Jack and 1 were doing maths homework while his grandma was baking (烤) cookies.
“We are lucky to have enough food. Some people don’t have that. ” Jack said. “Maybe we can do something to help,” I said. “But it’s a big problem.”
After some discussion, we decided to volunteer at a soup kitchen the next week. Jack and I never did anything like this before, so we felt nervous.
On that day, Jack’s grandma served(提供）soup. Jack was in charge of（负责）the fruit salad, and I served mashed potatoes(土豆泥) .
A man put his plate (盘子) in front of me. “Those potatoes look delicious.” he said. “They do smell good.” I put a scoopful（一勺子） onto his plate and asked him, “What do you get when an elephant crosses a potato?”
“Um, I am not sure.”
“Mashed potatoes.”
“That’s funny!” he laughed. “I am David. You sure brightened up（使变得明亮）my day, young man. Thank you.”
On the way home, Jack, his grandma and I shared stories about the great people and the interesting things that day. We don’t need a lot of money to make a difference. We can donate (捐赠) our time, and we would like to go back and help again sometime.
57. The writer and Jack decided to volunteer at ________ the next week,
A. a school B. a hospital C. a soup kitchen D. a library
58. The writer and Jack felt ________ before they did the volunteer work.
A. tired B. nervous C. sad D. angry
59. What did the writer serve?
A. Cookies. B. Mashed potatoes. C. Soup. D. Fruit salad.
60. How did the writer make David laugh?
A. He brought him some clothes. B. He gave him some money.
C. He showed him a picture. D. He told him a joke.

All mammals (哺乳动物) sleep. Some stand up when they are sleeping and others lie down. All people need to sleep too. No one really knows why we sleep, but we know it is important for us to get enough sleep.
It looks as if nothing is happening when we sleep, but our bodies and brains are actually very busy. Our bodies are busy building new cells (细胞). We need them to grow. Without sleep, children do not grow and may get sick more often. During sleep, our brains are busy putting our ideas in order and then storing them in our memories. Without sleep, it is harder to remember things.
Sleep is important. When people do not get enough sleep, they do things more slowly, get sad easily and make mistakes.
We all need sleep, but how much sleep we need changes as we grow up. A newborn baby sleeps from sixteen to twenty hours a day, but as people get older, they need less sleep. The average ten-year-old children sleep ten hours a day. Most adults (成人) spend about eight hours a day sleeping. Some older people only spend about six hours a day sleeping.
We may not know why we sleep, but we know we look better and feel better after a good night’s sleep because our bodies and our brains are ready for a new day.
61. When we sleep, ________.
A. nothing happens B. we feel tired C. our bodies build new cells D. we get sad easily
62. The word “storing” in Paragraph2 probably means “________”.
A. changing B. sharing C. describing D. keeping
63. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us ________.
A. why sleep time changes with age B. why people all need sleep
C. how much sleep people need D. how people can get enough sleep

Do you like to learn a foreign(外国的) language? Do you think English is easy to learn? Foreigners say learning Chinese is not easy for them. We use a different character for each word. For foreigners, it is hard to memories them. They find reading Chinese poems(诗), writing Chinese characters and understanding the same word in different sentences are the most difficult.
However, Chinese is more popular around the world today. The long history and colorful culture of China attract(吸引) many foreigners to learn Chinese. China is developing(发展) fast. It is staying ahead in many fields and is playing its role in the world. Chinese is becoming a global(全球的) language.
Many countries have Chinese classes in their schools. For example, in the UK, students chose between Spanish(西班牙语), Latin, French and other foreign language courses(课程) in the past. But now schools encourage their students to study Chinese.1031 people took Chinese language exams in 2001, and the number was 2062 last year, while 2561 people chose Spanish.
Just as the foreigners do, we also learn foreign languages. Different languages carry different cultures(文化). So learning a foreign language is necessary(必要的), When we learn a foreign language, we not only have a useful tool of communicating but also experience a new culture. What’s more important, learning a foreign language well will help us tell our own stories to the world.
64. When foreigners learn Chinese, they think ________.
A. they are good at writing Chinese characters B. they can’t understand Chinese sentences
C. memorising Chinese characters is easy D. it is difficult to read Chinese poems
65. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Chinese is easier to learn today. B. More foreigners are interested in Chinese.
C. Chinese was more popular than Spanish in the UK. D. There should be fewer foreign language courses in schools in the UK.
66. The writer wants to tell us ________.
A. foreigners should study Chinese in China B. people should learn a foreign language
C. there are many ways to learn Chinese D. students need more language classes

答案：
北京市通州区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷
14.【解答】细节理解题。
（1）根据文中：I'm Jack. I'm 12 years old. I'm from London. （我是杰克。我12岁了。我来自伦敦。）可知，杰克来自伦敦。故选A。
（2）根据文中：I like helping the children in the hospital. （我喜欢帮助医院里的孩子们。）可知，格蕾丝喜欢帮助医院里的孩子们。故选C。
（3）根据文中：On weekends I help them do some shopping. （周末我帮他们购物。）可知，莉莉周末我帮社区里的老人们购物。故选D。
15. 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据While making his way up，he slipped（滑倒）and fell into the water. （在往上爬的时候，他滑了一下，掉进了水里。）可知蚂蚁是往上爬的时候掉进了水里。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据The dove quickly plucked（摘，扯）off a piece of leaf and dropped it into the water near the struggling （挣扎脱身）ant. （鸽子迅速摘下一片叶子，放入挣扎脱身的蚂蚁旁边的水中。）可知鸽子是通过把一片叶子扔进河里救了蚂蚁。故选A。
（3）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了蚂蚁和鸽子互相帮助的故事，从而告诉我们互相帮助很重要。故选B。
16. 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 Sleeping is actually a very active time for your body. It's not just you are closing your eyes and waiting to wake up. Sleep is made up of stages. In the first couple stages，your mind stops worrying about what is happening around it and your body relaxes. （事实上，睡眠对你的身体来说是一个非常活跃的时间。不仅仅是你闭上眼睛等着醒来。睡眠是由多个阶段组成的。在最初的两个阶段，你的大脑不再担心周围发生的事情，你的身体也会放松。你的心率，当你的身体放松时，温度和呼吸都会降低。）可知睡眠是由多个阶段组成的。故选B。
（2）主旨大意题。根据第三段 Later，you will fall into REM sleep. This is probably the most important part of your sleep when you are dreaming. Your muscles turn off completely，but your brain is very active. It helps provide energy（能量）for the brain and gives you daytime energy. （稍后，你将进入快速眼动睡眠。这可能是你做梦时睡眠中最重要的部分。你的肌肉完全关闭，但你的大脑非常活跃。它有助于提供能量，对大脑有帮助，给你白天的能量）可知当你做梦时，你的大脑保持活跃并获得能量。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 Hormones that control mood，energy level，your immune（免疫的）system and appetite （食欲）are all affected（影响）by sleep. Getting the proper amount of sleep allows your body to function（运转）at its very best. It also helps you to grow. Your memory doesn't even work as well when you are tired. How can you make good decisions and concentrate without proper sleep？（控制情绪、能量水平和免疫力的激素系统和食欲都受到影响。通过睡眠。获得适当的睡眠可以让你的身体发挥作用（运转）最好的状态。它也有助于你成长。当你累的时候，你的记忆力甚至都不好。如果没有适当的睡眠，你怎么能做出好的决定并集中精力。）可知作者建议充足的睡眠。故选A。
17. 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The earth makes these natural earthquakes in order to release pressure（释放压力）. （地球制造这些自然地震是为了释放压力。）可知地震是因为地球想要释放压力。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据There are about 20 plates（板块）along the surface of the earth that move slowly all the time next to each other. When the plates touch each other，huge rocks are created（创造）and explode（爆炸）with great power（力量），causing an earthquake. As the plates move，they put pressure on themselves and each other. When the pressure is large enough，the crust（地壳）is forced（被迫）to break. （沿着地球表面大约有20个板块，它们一个挨着一个一直在缓慢移动。当板块相互接触时，巨大的岩石产生并以巨大的力量爆炸，引起地震。随着板块的移动，它们给自己和彼此施加压力。当压力足够大时，地壳被迫破裂。）可知第三段主要介绍了地震的原因。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据But many animals are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives. （但是许多动物能够在S波到来前几秒感觉到P波。）可知一些动物能够在S波到来前几秒感觉到P波。故选D。
（4）理解判断题。根据So what should you do when an earthquake begins？If you are inside a building，you should take cover under a table. If you are outside，you should stay out in an open place. （那么当地震开始时，你应该做什么呢？如果你在建筑物内，你应该躲在桌子下面。如果你在户外，你应该呆在一个开阔的地方。）可知作者认为人们应该学会在地震中保持安全。故选C。

北京市通州区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷
41. A    42. A    43. D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文阅读。文章就我们如何利用21天时间形成良好的健康习惯，给出了一些建议。
41. 细节理解题。根据“Eating healthy breakfast is the most important thing of the day. ”可知，吃健康的早餐是一天中最重要的事情。故选A。
42. 细节理解题。根据“We should eat at least 5 kinds of fruits and vegetables in daily diet. ”可知，我们在日常饮食中至少要吃5种水果和蔬菜。故选A。
43. 细节理解题。根据“One of the most important good healthy habits is to get eight hours’ sleep every day. It is important to the body and it can help you keep away stress(压力)and tiredness. ”可知，最重要的健康习惯之一就是每天睡8个小时。它对身体很重要，它可以帮助你远离压力和疲劳。故选D。
44. A    45. D    46. D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了妈妈的人生秘诀，通过一个坐车的例子告诉我们要把每个人都当作自己的朋友。
44. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“As a teen, I was embarrassed (尴尬) every time when my mother talked to strangers”可知，作者十几岁的时候，当妈妈和陌生人说话时，作者都感到尴尬，故选A。
45. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中的“When I got on the bus……became more than just transportation”可推知，作者的妈妈对车上的人微笑并开始交谈，让公共汽车不仅仅是一个交通工具，故选D。
46. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“my mom regarded (把……当做) everyone as her friend in that community”和最后一段中的“It was me who had done the smiling first and all those people responded”可推知，作者从她妈妈那里学到了她把每个人都当作朋友，先微笑，故选D。
47. B    48. C    49. B

【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要用四位科学家的事例来证明思考的力量不仅可以改变自己，甚至改变世界。这篇文章告诉我们：遇到问题要学会思考，才会有所发现和创造。遇到困难别放弃，勤用脑就有创新。
47. 细节理解题。根据第二段“While trying to find out why the apple fell”可知当一个苹果从树上落下的时候，牛顿开始思考为什么苹果会下落。故选B。
48. 推理判断题。通过读四位科学家的事例，他们的事迹都告诉我们一个共同的道理：遇到问题的时候，他们都会不断地进行思考而不会选择放弃。故选C。
49. 主旨大意题。根据第五段“When you have a difficult lesson to learn, don’t give up. Think, and by thinking you will learn how to solve the problem.”可知作者想通过这篇文章告诉我们，遇到事情不要选择放弃。保持思考，你最终会解决问题。故选B。
50. B    51. C    52. D    53. A

【分析】本文主要介绍了特殊的班级——科技班，老师往往是青少年，他们帮助老年人使用网络。
50. 细节理解题。根据“ Since then, about 100 old people took the classes to learn how to use iPads.”可知，老年人可以从科技班里学习如何使用ipad。故选B。
51. 细节理解题。根据“The technology classes are important for them to connect (联系) with the world around them.”可知，老年人可以学习技能并与周围的世界联系。故选C。
52. 词句猜测题。根据“As these old people get more excited about using the iPad, they can also go to the shop to buy the things they search online. So the economy starts to boom.”可知，老年人也学会了网购，这会使经济迅速发展起来。由此可推知，“boom”意为“繁荣，迅速发展”，与“grow fast”同义，故选D。
53. 细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者认为科技班对年轻人和老年人都有好处。故选A。

北京市通州区2020-2021学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷
54. B    55. C    56. D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了四个人分别有自己喜欢的运动的故事。
54. 细节理解题。根据“Harry began to skateboard two years ago.”可知，哈里两年前开始玩滑板。故选B。
55. 细节理解题。根据“She rides her bike everywhere, but she enjoys it best when she and her dad go to a special bike rail”可知，她喜欢和她爸爸一起骑自行车。故选C。
56. 细节理解题。根据Robert 可知是第三个方框，根据“He keeps playing football four times each week”可知，他坚持每周踢四次足球。故选D。
57. C    58. B    59. B    60. D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和朋友当志愿者帮助别人的故事。
57. 细节理解题。根据“After some discussion, we decided to volunteer at a soup kitchen the next week.” 可知，经过一番讨论，我们决定下周在一家汤厨做义工。故选C。
58. 细节理解题。根据“Jack and I never did anything like this before, so we felt nervous.”可知，杰克和我以前从未做过这样的事，所以我们感到紧张。故选B。
59. 细节理解题。根据“Jack was in charge of（负责）the fruit salad, and I served mashed potatoes(土豆泥) .”可知，我负责土豆泥。故选B。
60. 细节理解题。根据“What do you get when an elephant crosses a potato?”以及 “Mashed potatoes.”，可知，作者讲了一个笑话。故选D。
61. C    62. D    63. C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡眠对人类的重要性，以及睡眠不足可能导致的后果和人们在不同的年龄段需要多少时间的睡眠等。
61. 细节理解题。根据文中“It looks as if nothing is happening when we sleep, but our bodies and brains are actually very busy. Our bodies are busy building new cells (细胞).”可知，当我们睡觉时，我们的身体会产生新的细胞。故选C。
62. 词句猜测题。根据前句“During sleep, our brains are busy putting our ideas in order”可猜测出，睡觉期间，我们的大脑忙于整理我们的想法，应是将它们储存在我们的记忆中，故下划线单词“storing”在第二段中的意思可能是“储存”。故选D。
63. 主旨大意题。通读第四段内容，尤其根据第四段首句“We all need sleep, but how much sleep we need changes as we grow up.”可知，第四段主要告诉我们人们需要多少时间的睡眠。故选C。
64. D    65. B    66. B

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了语言学习的必要性。
64. 细节理解题。定位文章第一段结尾，对于外国人来说，记住他们是很难的，他们发现，读中文诗，写中文字和明白同一个词在不同句子里面的意思是最难的，只有D选项与文章内容一致。故选D。
65. 细节理解题。定位文章第二段开头，中文现在在世界上更加受欢迎，中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化吸引着很多外国人来学习中文，只有B选项与文章内容一致。故选B。
66. 主旨大意题。纵观全文，根据最后一段第三句“So learning a foreign language is necessary”和结尾“what’s more important, learning a foreign language well will help us tell our own stories to the world”可知本文的目的是鼓励人们学习外语。故选B。