牛津译林版8B过去式与过去分词归纳记忆
展开不规则动词过去式和过去分词变化
1.A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
花费 | cost | cost | cost | 让 | let | let | let |
割，切 | cut | cut | cut | 放（下） | put | put | put |
打击 | hit | hit | hit | 读 | read | read | read |
受伤 | hurt | hurt | hurt |
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2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
打 | beat | beat | beaten |
3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
来 | come | came | come |
变 | become | became | become |
跑 | run | ran | run |
4. A ---B ---B型
（1）“V-原形+d/t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
意思 | mean | meant | meant | 燃烧 | burn | burnt | burnt |
听见 | hear | heard | heard | 学习 | learn | learnt | learnt |
（2）把 V-原形的末尾“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
建筑 | build | built | built | 送，寄 | send | sent | sent |
借给 | lend | lent | lent | 花费 | spend | spent | spent |
失去 | lose | lost | lost |
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（3）其他
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
付 | pay | paid | paid | 下蛋 | lay | laid | laid |
说 | say | said | said | 睡 | sleep | slept | slept |
带来 | bring | brought | brought | 保持 | keep | kept | kept |
买 | buy | bought | bought | 打扫 | sweep | swept | swept |
想 | think | thought | thought | 站 | stand | stood | stood |
得胜 | win | won | won | 明白 | understand | understood | understood |
发光 | shine | shone | shone | 抓住 | catch | caught | caught |
战斗 | fight | fought | fought | 教 | teach | taught | taught |
发现 | find | found | found | 觉得 | feel | felt | felt |
得到 | get | got | got | 绞死 | hang | hanged | hanged |
有 | have | had | had | 挂 | hang | hung | hung |
盛，握 | hold | held | held | 卖 | sell | sold | sold |
离开，留下 | leave | left | left | 告诉 | tell | told | told |
制造 | make | made | made | 嗅，闻 | smell | smelt | smelt |
遇见 | meet | met | met | 坐 | sit | sat | sat |
射击 | shoot | shot | shot | 挖 | dig | dug | dug |
5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）
（1）在“V-原形+ n/ en”构成过去分词。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
吃 | eat | ate | eaten | 写 | write | wrote | written |
落下 | fall | fell | fallen | 骑 | ride | rode | ridden |
给 | give | gave | given | 驾驶 | drive | drove | driven |
抛，扔 | throw | threw | thrown | 吹 | blow | blew | blown |
拿 | take | took | taken | 生长 | grow | grew | grown |
看见 | see | saw | seen | 知道 | know | knew | known |
拉，绘画 | draw | drew | drawn | 展示 | show | showed | shown |
偷 | steal | stole | stolen | 飞 | fly | flew | flown |
冻结 | freeze | froze | frozen |
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（2）过去式 + n/en 构成过去分词。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
说话 | speak | spoke | spoken |
破碎，折断 | break | broke | broken |
（3）变重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
开始 | begin | began | begun |
按铃 | ring | rang | rung |
唱 | sing | sang | sung |
沉 | sink | sank | sunk |
游泳 | swim | swam | swum |
饮 | drink | drank | drunk |
（4）其他不规则动词的变化。
词义 | 现在式 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
是 | is | was | been |
是 | are | were | been |
做 | do | did | done |
去 | go | went | gone |
躺 | lie | lay | lain |
穿 | wear | wore | worn |
