初中英语中考复习资料（八种时态+五类写作高分功能性句式）

中考英语八种时态一、一般现在时【概念】经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。【时间状语】always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.【基本结构】①be动词；②行为动词【否定形式】①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。【一般疑问句】①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。二、一般过去时【概念】过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。【时间状语】ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.【基本结构】①be动词；②行为动词【否定形式】①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。【一般疑问句】①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。三、现在进行时【概念】表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。【时间状语】now, at this time, these days, etc.【基本结构】am/is/are+doing【否定形式】am/is/are+not+doing.【一般疑问句】把be动词放于句首。四、过去进行时【概念】表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。【时间状语】at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。【基本结构】was/were+doing【否定形式】was/were + not + doing.【一般疑问句】把was或were放于句首。 五、现在完成时【概念】过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。【时间状语】recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.【基本结构】have/has + done【否定形式】have/has + not +d one.【一般疑问句】have或has。六、过去完成时【概念】以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。【时间状语】before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.【基本结构】had + done.【否定形式】had + not + done.【一般疑问句】had放于句首。七、一般将来时【概念】表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。【时间状语】tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.【基本结构】①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.【否定形式】①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。【一般疑问句】①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。八、过去将来时【概念】立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。【时间状语】the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.【基本结构】①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.【否定形式】①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.【一般疑问句】①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。    中考英语写作高分功能性句式一、表明事实1. We cannot ignore the fact that ...我们不能忽略这个事实……2. No one can deny the fact that ...没人能否认这个事实……3. This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.这是一个很多人都感兴趣的现象。4. be closely related to与……息息相关二、采取措施1. We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取一些有效措施。2. We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难。3. We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……4. We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难。三、给出原因1. The reason why+句子+is that+句子……的原因是……2. This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, ... Second, ... Third, ...这一现象存在很多原因。第一……。第二……。第三……。3. For one thing, ... For another, ...一方面……，另一方面……4. On the one hand, ... On the other hand, ...一方面……，另一方面……5. I quite agree with the statement that ... The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。四、论证类型1. From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理。2. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ...我无法完全同意这一观点……3. As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, ...就我来说……4. I sincerely believe that ... = I am greatly convinced (that) ...我真诚地相信……5. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ...最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……五、阐述观点1. People’s views on ... vary from person to person. Some hold that ... However, others believe that ....人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……；然而其他人却认为……2. People may have different opinions on ...人们对……可能会持有不同见解。3. Attitudes towards ... vary from person to person.=Different people hold different attitudes towards ...人们对待……的态度因人而异。4. There are different opinions among people as to ...对于……人们的观点大不相同。