高中英语高考2022年新高考英语二轮复习 高考题型组合练九

组合练九

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021·南京市、盐城市高三二模)

 When I was six, my elder brother brought me to the local BMX(自行车越野)track to ride in a kids’ race for the first time.The hill out of the starting gate looked so scary and steep that I backed off.My parents took me back for another try the next week.I fell almost immediately but still managed to win the  second place.I’ve loved racing ever since.

I turned pro at 15，which isn’t possible now: You have to be 17 to compete professionally.Around the time I went pro, BMX became an Olympic sport and I decided to pursue it after high school.I’m the youngest woman with a professional title in the United States.

BMX isn’t judged on tricks or how you handle barriers, but it’s an extreme sport.It’s like horse racing mixed with riding a roller coaster.It starts with a huge burst of speed—I go 40 mph by the time I’m two and a half seconds out of the gate.Then I try to come out in front of seven competitors at the end of the track, which includes 40－foot jumps.I keep chasing the high that comes from prestart nervousness, big jumps, and the feeling of crossing the finish line first.

Strength and balance are key in competition, so I work out at least five days a week to prepare.I do tons of resistance and agility(灵活) training，both on and off the bike.I also do mental drills with a sports psychologist to make sure I’m focused and confident going into competition.If I make a mistake on the course，I have to move on.Everyone is out to beat me；I need to concentrate on winning so my competitors can’t capitalize__on an error and pass me!

I was so proud to win a silver medal at the Olympics in Rio, but I felt I was capable of gold, so that will push me to do better.I’m continually working to reach my potential in the sport.Until I feel completely satisfied, I’ll keep coming back.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者在家人的帮助和引导下，经过自身的坚持和努力，从一开始害怕自行车越野赛的新手成长为一名优秀的专业的自行车越野赛选手。

1．What do we know about the author?

A．She withdrew from her first BMX race.

B．She became the youngest BMX rider in America.

C．Her parents forced her to turn BMX professional.

D．Her efforts resulted in BMX entering the Olympics.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to the local BMX(自行车越野)track to ride in a kids’ race for the first time...I backed off”可知，作者退出了她的第一次自行车越野比赛。]

2．To win the BMX race, the author has to________．

A．jump highest

B．focus on other competitors

C．play tricks

D．keep balanced all the way

答案　D　[细节理解题。根据题干信息定位到文章的第三段和第四段，根据第四段首句中的“Strength and balance are key in competition”可知，答案为D。]

3．The underlined phrase “capitalize on” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．

A．make up for B．take advantage of

C．keep an eye on D．take notice of

答案　B　[短语猜测题。根据画线词前的“Everyone is out to beat me；I need to concentrate on winning”可推知，画线词所在句表示每一个人都想打败作者，她需要专注于赢，(不能出错)，这样她的竞争对手就不能利用她的错误而超过她了。故选B “利用”。]

4．What qualities have led to the author’s success?

A. The qualities of being proud and serious.

B．The qualities of being ambitious and hard－working.

C．The qualities of being optimistic and generous.

D．The qualities of being independent and cooperative.

答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章第四段的内容可知，作者做了大量的锻炼和训练来让自己有信心获胜；又根据尾段中的“but I felt I was capable of gold，so that will push me to do better”可知，作者想拿金牌的想法推动她去做得更好，由此可推知，正是勤奋和有志向造就了作者的成功，因此选B。]

B

(2021·重庆市第二次调研)

Recently Meituan co－published a proposal with a number of business organizations,  including China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers.“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live－streaming to promote and advocate food－saving actions，” the proposal said.

Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during  the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.

Catering (饮食服务) associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste.The China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Eleme, the Alibaba Group Holding－owned food delivery platform, to launch a “half－dish plan” , encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an “N－1” ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people.More food is only brought to the table if required.

To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food－related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.Now if users search certain key words, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”， a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.

【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。美团和其他企业组织发起倡议，号召餐馆停止食物浪费，帮助顾客培养新的饮食习惯。文章提到了针对避免食物浪费的一些提议和举措。

5．Why did Meituan start such a proposal?

A．To popularize itself.

B．To save itself.

C．To mislead the public.

D．To prevent food waste.

答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers”可知，其目的是阻止食物浪费。]

6. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Wuhan  Catering  Association’s  proposal  was  a  good practice.

B．The “half－dish plan” functioned better than the“N－1” ordering code.

C．Meituan met with some management challenges.

D．Customers are required to order smaller portions.

答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，武汉餐饮协会采用“N－1”点餐模式是符合减少食物浪费的倡议，故可推断这是个不错的实践；B项和C项文中没有提到；D项说得太绝对，顾客没有被要求点更少量的餐，而是被鼓励这样做。]

7．Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Meituan releases some misleading food information.

B．More food is welcome when we treat our dear friends.

C．Few organizations realized the importance of food waste.

D．Online eating shows are monitored via media platforms.

答案　D　[正误判断题。根据最后一段中的“Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou...online eating shows”可知，D项“网上的吃播通过社交平台受到监管”正确。]

8. How many good means of avoiding food waste are mentioned here?

A．None. B．Two. 

C．Three. D．Five.

答案　D　[细节理解题。第一段中提到“using official accounts...advocate food－saving actions”；第二段中提到“merchants offer guidance for consumers”；第三段中提到“half－dish plan”和“‘N－1’ordering code”；第四段中提到“stepped up content reviews of food－related live streams”，故文章总共提到五种方法。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2021·江苏七市高三调研)

I’m a geologist.I have been researching changes in the Antarctic ice sheets to help governments plan for floods and other __1__ of a changing climate.

I first met Tom on the tip of Antarctica. He is a professional mountaineer who __2__ geologists with their research.We were __3__ here together, hundreds of miles from anyone else, for a two－month __4__．My task was simple：to __5__ rock samples from as many peaks as possible.It is physically exhausting work, and not without __6__， as some of the crevasse (裂缝) fields we crossed left me shaking.I relied on Tom for my __7__； my life was in his hands.

Trust quickly grew between us, and our __8__ did, too.Within a week we’d __9__ deep topics：the meaning of life, and what follows death.

When I got the date for my return journey, I started to feel __10__．I didn’t want our time there to __11__．We felt we had to make the most of the final few days to plant __12__．

Saying goodbye to each other was a(n) __13__．I was heading off to start another mission, so I was __14__ the man who’d been through it with me.I looked down at him as my plane took off, knowing what we had just been through together was __15__ in time.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一位地质学家，因任务要求和一位专业登山者一起度过两个月，他们共同经历了许多磨难，最后依依不舍分别的故事。

1．A.advantages B．consequences

C．tendencies D．causes

答案　B　[由空前的floods and other及空后的of a changing climate可知，空处所填应该和前文changes in the Antarctic  ice sheets属于同类，都是气候变化的结果。]

2．A.instructs B．familiarizes

C．assists D．presents

答案　C　[由后文的with their research以及登山者和地质学家两种职业间的关系可推测，应该用assist，即登山者协助地质学家进行研究。]

3．A.stuck B．deserted

C．locked D．arrested

答案　A　[由下文可知，此处应是指“我们”一起滞留在南极。be stuck here指“被困于此”，符合题意。]

4．A.holiday B．treatment

C．mission D．sentence

答案　C　[由下一句中的task和最后一段第二句中的another mission可以推断出本题应选C。]

5．A.distribute B．carve

C．display D．collect

答案　D　[根据地质学家的工作内容可以推断，空处应是说“收集”岩石样本。]

6．A.danger B．pleasure

C．shame D．reward

答案　A　[空前的not without双重否定表肯定，且根据上下文中的physically exhausting及left me shaking可以推断出这份工作是有危险的。]

7．A.health B．safety

C．board D．future

答案　B　[由下文my life was in his hands和上文工作的危险性可以推断出，空处所在句是说“我”的安全全靠汤姆了。]

8．A.friendship B．confidence

C．experience D．hardship

答案　A　[根据上文内容和句首的Trust可知，该处是说“我们”的友谊也增进了。]

9．A.sorted B．shifted

C．avoided D．discussed

答案　D　[由后文的“deep topics：the meaning of life, and what follows death.”可知，空处应是说讨论了一些有深度的话题。]

10．A.peaceful B．considerate

C．emotional D．embarrassed

答案　C　[由空处上句的内容可知，“我”的返程日期即将到来，要和汤姆分开，所以“我”应该是感到不舍、情绪激动的。]

11．A.last  B．work

C．matter D．end

答案　D　[由上文内容可知，作者并不想“结束”和汤姆的南极之旅。]

12．A.doubts B．memories

C．talents D．complaints

答案　B　[根据全文内容可知，作者和汤姆一起度过了一段很美好的日子，所以空处所在句是说，他们希望能在最后的几天里制造一些回忆。]

13．A.option B．struggle

C．honour D．routine

答案　B　[由上文语境可知，“我们”相处得很好，故空处所在句应是说告别对“我们”来说是一件很难的事情。]

14．A.leaving behind B．picking up

C．taking in D．appealing to

答案　A　[由空处所在句的上句可知，“我”登上飞机，前往了下一个任务(的目的地)，因此空处所在句是说“我”把汤姆留在了原地。leave behind意为“永久离开，抛下”。]

15．A.filmed B．frozen

C．mentioned D．forgotten

答案　B　[由全文内容可知，作者和汤姆在南极一起度过了一段美好的日子，这段时光会一直被“我们”记住。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2021·温州市高三适应性测试)

Communication has changed a lot over the years.In the past, smoke signals 1.____________ (use),  but they must be applied in the area 2.____________ they could be received.Later，3.____________ (letter) appeared.However, it would take them days or even weeks to reach their destinations.Something had to be developed 4.____________ (make) communicating easier and faster.There came the telegraph.

The telegraph was a 5.____________ (high) successful system with the Morse code, but it was basically limited to receiving and sending one message at a time.Bell 6.____________ (change) it into transmitting multiple messages over the same wire at the same time.Therefore, the telephone came into use, 7.____________ (bring) much quicker communication between people miles away.

Cell phones were one of 8.____________ fastest  growing telecommunications applications.By the year 2005, forecasters predicted that there would be over 100 million users worldwide.Today, cell phones are more common than landlines (座机)．It is impossible to go out to a store or restaurant without seeing someone on a cell phones.

There 9.____________ (be)  many changes to the form of communication since it was first developed.It seems nothing is impossible.10.____________ cell phones to smart phones, mobile communication has started to take off.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了通信方式的发展变化。

1．were used　[考查时态语态和主谓一致。smoke signals是句子的主语，谓语动词应用复数，且主语与use之间是被动关系，句子应用被动语态；再根据句中的时间状语In the past可知，这里需要使用一般过去时。故填were used。]

2．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是一个表示地点的名词area，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。]

3．letters　[考查名词的数。根据空后的appeared可知，空处是名词作主语，又letter是可数名词，且其前没有冠词，故用其复数形式letters。下文中的them和their也表明此处应用复数名词。]

4．to make　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，故用不定式to make。]

5．highly　[考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词successful，故用副词highly。注意：此处不能填high。虽然high也可用作副词，但它表示物理上的高或数量上的大，与此处语境不符。]

6．changed　[考查时态。本句Bell(贝尔)是主语，空处是谓语，且句中有时间状语at the same time，空前一句使用的是一般过去时，故这里也应该使用一般过去时，故填changed。]

7．bringing　[考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语是came into use，所以空处应是非谓语，且表示情理之中的结果，故用现在分词bringing。]

8．the　[考查冠词。空后是最高级fastest，因此空处应填定冠词the。]

9．have been　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语since it was first developed可知，空处应用现在完成时；此处是there be句型，谓语动词的数应与后面的复数名词changes保持一致，故填have been。]

10．From　[考查介词。根据句意和空后的介词to可知，此处考查from...to...“从……到……”结构，故填介词from。注意：空处位于句首，因此首字母要大写。]