2021-2022学年贵州省黔东南州镇远县文德民族中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年贵州省黔东南州镇远县文德民族中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共20页。

2021-2022学年贵州省黔东南州镇远县文德民族中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷

A
Money can buy you a lot of things, but nothing can make you feel as rich in knowledge as a great book. Self-made successful businessmen are generally well-read people.
Steve Jobs
Steve Jobs,who died in 2011， is one of the most important American minds of our time. He was influenced by many books, but Be Here Now by Ram Dass was one of the greatest. Jobs reportedly said of the book,"It changed me and many of my friends for a better life."
Jeff Bezos
Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos says he learns more from The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro. "If you read The Remains of the Day, which is one of my favorite books, you can't help but think. I learned something about life and about regret," Bezos told Newsweek.
Mark Zuckerberg
This self-made successful businessman sees Henry Kissinger's World Order as most helpful in how he deals with business, life, and even parenting. "It's about foreign relations and how we can build peaceful relationships throughout the world," Zuckerberg wrote for his book club,A Year of Books,on Facebook. "This is important for creating the world we all want for our children,and that's what I'm thinking about these days."
Bill Gates
Not only is Fact fulness by Hans Rosling one of Bill Gates' favorite books,but he also says it's one of the most important he has ever read. "It explains more clearly than almost anything else I've read why it's so difficult for people to understand progress," Gates said in an interview with Time.
1. Who is greatly influenced by Be Here Now？ ______
A. Steve Jobs. B. Jeff Bezos.
C. Mark Zuckerberg. D. Bill Gates.
2. In what aspects does World Order affect Mark Zuckerberg？ ______
A. It helps him to make money.
B. It helps him to found a company.
C. It helps him to know more about foreign countries.
D. It helps him to deal with the relationship with others.
3. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Best Selling Books This Year B. Ways to Become Successful
C. Books Favoured by Self-made D. Advice from the Self-made
B
Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite an adventure,especially during rush hour.There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill（㵐）on you.The smells of some passengers' food are very strong,too.According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations,which went into effect on May 15th,passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed to eat or drink on the subway.Violators（违反者）who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record.
Some support the rule.The reason is that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers. "The smell of food fills the carriage,causing people discomfort,especially in the hot summer,Besides,eating on the subway produces rubbish.And on subway trains,people often spill their drinks," said Zheng Yiou,17，a student from Hefei.
However,others question this rule. "Some citizens live so far fro m their work places that they have limited time to have breakfast before they go to work.Eating while they travel saves them time and decreases the chance that they will be late for work," Songlin,a 17-year- old student from Chengdu said. "And some people,like those with low-blood sugar levels,get sick if they can't eat when they must."
Other Chinese cities like Nanjing and Chengdu have similar regulations.Some foreign cities also ban eating and drinking on the subway.For example,eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington DC.Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars,which is RMB 2，417 yuan.
Chen Yanyan,a professor from Beijing University of Technology,believed we should consider the need of some people to eat or drink on the subway. "Commuters（上班族） and travelers are sometimes too busy to eat.Maybe we could learn from Tokyo,where there are many subway stations equipped with services,allowing passengers to eat and drink," she said.
4. What can we know from the passage？ ______
A. All people agree with no eating on the subway.
B. Hungry people can eat on the subway in Singapore.
C. There are many disadvantages eating on the subway.
D. All people süpport the new rule to be performed in Beijing.
5. What's the punish ment for the passengers who break the rules in Beijing？ ______
A. To be fired.
B. To be taken away by the policeman.
C. To be fined up to 2，417 yuan.
D. To be asked to get off the train.
6. How does the author develop the whole passage？ ______
A. By time order. B. By giving different examples.
C. By providing evidence. D. By place order.
7. What's the author's attitude towards eating in subway？ ______
A. Supportive.
B. Opposite.
C. Indifferent.
D. The author doesn't provide his own idea.
C
What is an accent（口音）？An accent is a flavoring to you that influences the sounds of words and sentences.In Birmingham you might hear "lake" sounding close to "like"，and in Ireland you might hear "this" sounding close to "diss".
Accents are related to social group.Everyone has an accent,and for every accent there are groups of people who react（反应）badly to it.These reactions arc the result of prejudice（偏见）-an unreasoned jumping to conclusions.
Everybody has prejudices about accents.I certainly do.I have held prejudices about other people's accents.But over the years,my experience of working with people from all kinds of backgrounds has led me to give up these prejudices.However,I still have prejudices that I find difficult to control.
Studies tell us that no accent is better than any other.But the reality is that many people judge others according to accents.
Jacob,Member of Parliament（议会），remembers when he first stood unsuccessfully for election in Fife,Scotland, "I gradually realized that whatever I happened to be speaking about,the number of voters in my favor dropped as soon as I opened my mouth."
And sonic people change their accents to sound more refined（文雅的）when talking to people outside their circle of family and friends.
Sky News ran a report recently in which an 18-year-old woman was trying to sound less posh（上等人的），that is speaking non-standard English,because she didn't like the strangers telling her that she must be rich and from a famous family.
Lastly,it's worth being reminded that people can have an accent and still be
8. What's the main idea of the first three paragraphs？ ______
A. What's accent and accents can lead to prejudice.
B. Accents are something that everyone can have.
C. Accents are something that you can meet everywhere.
D. Accents have a long root in people that causes serious social issues.
9. Jacob is referred to in the passage to prove ______ .
A. everyone has prejudice about accents
B. many people judge others according to accents
C. he was quite unpopular among English people
D. he was unable to make himself understood because he had an accent
10. Why does the girl try to change her accent according to Sky News？ ______
A. Because she tried to be rich.
B. Because she pretended to be well-educated.
C. Because she just wanted to make herself look ordinary.
D. Because she wanted to learn the upper-class British accent.
11. What does the underlined word "recognized" mean？ ______
A. Reasonable. B. Understandable.
C. Difficult. D. Successful.
D
A few years ago,my sister-in-law started to feel concerned about her teenage daughter.What was she doing after school？Where was she spending her time？My niece was an excellent student,and took part in all kinds of after-class activities.Even so,her mom decided to put a tracking app（跟踪应用程序）on the kid's phone.
At first,this made my sister-in-law "feel better".Then the good situation suddenly ended.She recalled. "I found out that she was someplace that she said she wasn't.I went out in the middle of the night and found her walking without shoes in the middle of the street with some friends." Things went quickly downhill for the mother and the daughter after that.
With 73% of teens having their own smart phones now,according to a 2015 Pew study,more and more of their parents are facing the question：To watch or not？
Ana Homayoun.founder of Green Ivy Educational Consulting,has advised many parents and their kids about this. "I've found teens are more acceptable to tracking apps when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safely than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them," she said.
Mark Bell.a father of a teenage girl,said, "We don′t have tracking apps,but we have set some ground rules that my daughter must follow in exchange for us providing a smart phone," he said.For example,his daughter must "Friend" him on social media so that he can read posts,and must share all passwords.
When you're trying to build trust,you need to create an environment that encourages it.So,to win their trust,you always need to be straight with your children. "Parents must let children know how and when they'll be watching them," said Doctor Pauleh Weigle.If they're not open about it,he warns,it can "greatly damage the parent and child relationship".
12. Why is the author's sister-in-law and her daughter referred to in the first two paragraphs？ ______
A. The author wants to give an example of the failure use of the tracking app.
B. The author wants to introduce lie had more communication with her daughter.
C. The author wants to say that she wasn't worried about her daughter more.
D. The author wants to express he felt good with knowing more about her daughter's activities.
13. What is probably the majority children's attitude towards tracking app in their phones？ ______
A. They doubt family agreements.
B. They dislike being watched secretly.
C. They are worried about online safety.
D. They welcome the use of tracking apps.
14. Why is Ana Homayoun mentioned in Paragraph 4？ ______
A. To show how to use smart phone safely.
B. To teach how to put tracking app on phones.
C. To give some suggestions on how to make children accept it.
D. To tell the importance of being children's friends instead of tracking.
15. What should be done before using a tracking app according to Weigle？ ______
A. Check the kid's phone.
B. Teach the kid how to use it.
C. Advise the kid to use his phone less.
D. Discuss with the kids and have an agreement with them
Sometimes,you do not finish drinking your glass of water before you go to bed. (1) But have you ever wondered if it is still safe to drink？
"If you have clean water in a clean glass,you're fine to drink it for a day or two," Kellogg Schwab from the Johns Hopkins University Water Institute in the US told Time.
(2) That's because after about 12 hours,the carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）in the air reacts（反应）with the water in your glass,slightly lowering its PI I level.
Also,there might be more microorganisms（微生物）in your water if you leave it out overnight.These microorganisms can stay on your glass. (3) They can make you get sick more easily.But as long as you clean your glasses very often,this will not be a problem.
In countries like the US and UK.people often drink water directly from the tap（水龙头）. (4) Most experts say that tap water has a shelf life of six months,according to Zane Satterfield from West Virginia University.US.After six months,there is less chlorine（氯）in the water and bacteria（细菌）start to grow.You'd better not drink the water otherwise you may get sick.
What about plastic water bottles？ (5) If you leave a bottle of water under the sun or in a car for a long period of time,the plastic produces a chemical called BPA.This chemical can cause heart disease arid cancer.

A.Schwab said people should be careful with them.
B.But you may find that it tastes strange.
C.It is safe for you to drink the water later.
D.Some people prefer to drink water from rivers
E.You might want to drink it the next morning.
F.Microorganisms grow more quickly at room temperature
G.This is ok-however,tap water cannot be stored for a long time.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.
——Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago,I was studying in a public school in New York.One day,Mrs Nanette O'Neill gave an math test to our (21) .When the papers were graded,she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same (22) throughout the test.
There is nothing really new about cheating in (23) .Perhaps that was why Mrs O'Neill didn't (24)say a word about it.She only asked the twelve boys to (25) after class.I was one of the twelve.
Mrs O'Neill asked no questions,and she didn't (26)us either.Instead,she wrote on the blackboard the above words by Thomas Macaulay.She then ordered us to (27) these words into our exercise-books one hundred times.
I don't know about the other (28) boys.Speaking for myself I can say：it was the most important single lesson of my life.Thirty years after being (29) to Macaulay's words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳），because they give us a way to (30) ourselves rather than others.
Few of us are (31) to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle,But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions.Should the wallet found in the street,be (32) into a pocket or turned over to the policeman？Should the extra change received at the store,be forgotten or returned？ (33) will know except yourself,But you (34) live with yourself,and it is always better to live with someone you (35).
21.  A. class B. kindergarten C. team D. school
22.  A. responses B. features C. problems D. mistakes
23.  A. activities B. exams C. homework D. papers
24.  A. yet B. still C. even D. rather
25.  A. decorate B. leave C. remain D. run
26.  A. repeat B. get C. stop D. scold
27.  A. discuss B. copy C. hear D. complain
28.  A. eleven B. twelve C. thirteen D. fourteen
29.  A. referred B. shown C. led D. introduced
30.  A. gather B. consider C. measure D. work
31.  A. asked B. understood C. realized D. reminded
32.  A. taken B. brought C. put D. limited
33.  A. Nobody B. Somebody C. Everybody D. All
34.  A. are able to B. have to C. ought to D. need to
35.  A. elect B. know C. love D. respect
36. Chinese Spring Festival, (1) （know）as chun jie in China,is the (2) important festival to the Chinese.On the first day of the festival,Chinese people often make a courteous（礼节的）bow, (3) has the meaning of "exchanging Chinese New Year greetings".Bainian, (4) （be）one of the most important activities during the Chinese New Year,is a very traditional custom (5) （ show）respect and friendship.
Chinese New Year greetings usually begin at home.On the first day of the New Year in Chinese lunar calendar,the young should first greet the elder by making bows or kou tou,a Chinese way of showing respect by knocking one's head on the floor,very (6) （ gentle）of course.
When the elder (7) （ receive）the greetings from the young,they will give the "lucky money" or ya sui qian to the young.
This is one of the (8) （ reason）why kids like Chinese New Year very much because they can get the "lucky money"!It is not a small sum of money the kids can get during the Chinese New Year,because most Chinese families are big ones,with many members. (9) exchanging Chinese New Year greetings at home,the whole family (10) （ visit）their relatives,neighbors,and friends.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知所在学校要招聘垃圾分类（garbage sorting）志愿者，请给该校学生会主席写一封信申请加入，内容包括：
1.写信目的：
2.个人优势：
3.能做的事。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chairman,
_____________
38. A little girl whose parents had died lived with her grand mother.
One night there was a fire in their house and the grandmother died while trying to rescue the child.The fire spread quickly,and the situation was terrible.
Neighbors called the fire department,and then stood helplessly by,unable to enter the house because flames blocked all the entrances.The little girl appeared against a window,crying for help,just as word spread among the crowd that the firefighters would be delayed（延迟） for a few minutes because they were all at another fire.
Suddenly,a man appeared with a ladder,put it up against the side of the house and disappeared inside,When he reappeared,he had the little girl in his arms.He passed the child to the waiting arms below,and then disappeared into the night.
The little girl had no living relatives,and weeks later a meeting was held in the town hall to determine who would take the child into their home and bring her up.
A teacher said she would like to raise the child up.She pointed out that she could ensure her a good education.A farmer offered her an upbringing on his farm.He said that living on a farm was healthy and satisfying.Others spoke,giving their reasons why it was to the child's advantage to live with them.
Finally,the town's richest man rose and said, "I can give this child all the advantages that you have mentioned,money and everything that money can buy."
Throughout all this,the child remained silent,her eyes on the floor.
"Does anyone else want to speak？" asked the meeting chairman.A man came forward fro m the back of the hall.He walked slowly and appeared to be in pain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When he got to the front of the room,he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms.______________
When asked about her choice,the little girl gave people the reasons firmly.___________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段"He was influenced by many books, but Be Here Now by Ram Dass was one of the greatest."他受到许多书籍的影响，但Ram Dass的Be Here Now是最伟大的书籍之一。可知，Be Here Now这本书对Steve Jobs的影响最大。结合选项，故选A.
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第倒数二段中的"This self-made successful businessman sees Henry Kissinger's World Order as most helpful in how he deals with business, life, and even parenting."这位成功的白手起家商人认为Henry Kissinger 的World Order对他如何处理业务，生活甚至育儿方式最有帮助。以及"It's about foreign relations and how we can build peaceful relationships throughout the world."它关乎对外关系，关乎我们如何在全世界建立和平的关系。可知，World Order这本书帮助Mark Zuckerberg处理与他人的人际关系。结合选项，故选D.
（3）C.归纳标题题。阅读文章内容并根据文章第一段"Money can buy you a lot of things, but nothing can make you feel as rich in knowledge as a great book. Self-made successful businessmen are generally well-read people."钱可以买到很多东西，但是没有什么能像一本好书那样让你感到知识的丰富。白手起家成功的商人通常都是博览群书的人。可知，本文介绍了对几位白手起家的成功商人有很大影响的书。结合选项，故选C.
本文为一篇应用文。介绍了对几位白手起家的成功商人有很大影响的书。
做这类题题材阅读理解时，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性地找出相关语句进行分析，结合选项选出正确答案，推理判断题也要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析，才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜忌，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、D
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容Some support the rule.The reason that the smell of food and drink can annoy other passengers. "The smell of food fills the carriage,causing people discomfort,especially in the hot summer.Besides,eating on the subway produces rubbish.And on subway trains,people often spill their drinks," said Zheng Yiou,17，a student from Hefei.（一些人支持这一规则。原因是食物和饮料的气味会让其他乘客感到烦恼。"车厢里充满了食物的气味，使人感到不适，尤其是在炎热的夏天。此外，在地铁上吃东西会产生垃圾。在地铁上，人们经常把饮料洒出来，"来自合肥的17岁学生郑伊欧说。）可知，在地铁上吃东西会引起很多问题，比如难闻的气味和垃圾等，由此可知，从文章中我们能知道在地铁里吃东西有很多缺点。故选C项。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句Violators （违反者） who do not stop after being asked to will be asked to get off.The violation will also be recorded in the violators' credit record.（违规者被要求停止吃东西后仍不停止，将被要求下车。违规行为也将记录在违规者的信用记录中。）可知，在北京的地铁上如果违规吃东西，会被要求下车，并将违规行为记录在违规者的信用记录中，由此可知，北京对违规的乘客的处罚是要求乘客下车。故选D项。
（3）B.推理判断题。浏览文章，在第二段中，作者了列举了"Zheng Yiou"的例子，表达支持这一原则的人的看法；在第三段中，作者了列举了"Songlin"的例子，表达不支持这一原则的人的看法；根据文章倒数第二段关键句For example,eating and drinking have long been banned on the subway in Washington DC.Singapore fines people who eat or drink on the subway up to 500 Singapore dollars,which is RMB 2，417 yuan.（例如长期以来，华盛顿特区的地铁上禁止饮食。新加坡对在地铁上吃喝的人处以最高500新加坡元的罚款，即人民币2417元。）可知，作者又通过列举华盛顿特区和新加坡的例子告诉我们其他地区对在地铁上吃东西所采取的措施，由此可推断出，作者是通过给出不同的例子发展整篇文章的。故选B项。
（4）D.推理判断题。通读文章，作者在文章第二段和第三段中分别引用了"Zheng Yiou"和"Songlin"的话来表达不同的人对在地铁上吃东西的不同的观点，在文章倒数第二段中又陈述了华盛顿特区和新加坡地区对在地铁上吃东西的惩罚措施，作者在整篇文章中，针对在地铁上吃东西这个问题，并没有发表自己的态度，而是客观陈述别人的看法和事实，由此可知，作者对在地铁里吃东西这一问题没有提供自己的想法。故选D项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5月15日生效的《北京地铁乘客条例》，其中规定除婴儿和病人外，乘客不再允许在地铁上进食或饮水，并介绍了人们对这一规定的态度。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）A.段落大意题。根据第一段中"What is an accent？An accent is a flavoring to you that influences the sounds of words and sentences.（什么是口音？口音对你来说是一种调味品，它会影响单词和句子的发音）"；第二段中"Everyone has an accent,and for every accent there are groups of people who react badly to it.These reactions are the result of prejudice—an unreasoned jumping to conclusions. （每个人都有自己的口音，而每一种口音都有一群人对此反应恶劣。这些反应是偏见的结果——一种不合理的妄下结论）"以及第三段中"Everybody has prejudices about accents. （每个人对口音都有偏见）"可知，前三段的主旨是什么是口音和口音会导致偏见。故选A。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第四段中"But the reality is that many people judge others according to accents.Jacob,Member of Parliament,remembers when he first stood unsuccessfully for election in Fife,Scotland, "I gradually realized that whatever I happened to be speaking about,the number of voters in my favor dropped as soon as I opened my mouth."（但事实上，很多人都是通过口音来判断别人的。议员Jacob记得他第一次在苏格兰法夫竞选失败时，"我逐渐意识到，无论我说什么，只要我一开口，支持我的选民人数就会下降。"）"可推知，文中提到雅各布是为了证明很多人会根据口音来判断别人。故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Sky News ran a report recently in which an 18-year-old woman was trying to sound less posh,that is speaking non-standard English,because she didn't like the strangers telling her that she must be rich and from a famous family.（天空新闻最近发表了一个报道，一个18岁的女孩想听起来不那么像上等人的口音，即说非标准的英语，因为她不喜欢陌生人告诉她，她肯定是一个来自著名家庭的有钱人）"可推知，这个女孩试图改变她的口音是因为她只是想让自己看起来很普通。故选C。
（4）D.词句猜测题。根据第四段中"Studies tell us that no accent is better than any other.（研究告诉我们，没有哪种口音比其他口音更好）"以及划线词上文"Lastly,it's worth being reminded that people can have an accent and still be"可知，上文提到没有哪种口音好于其他口音，也就是说有没有口音并不能影响一个人，故推测本句要表达的意思是即使有口音，一个人也可以取得成功，被别人认可或是承认。即划线词意思是"成功的"。A.Reasonable.合理的；B.Understandable.可以理解的；C.Difficult.困难的；D.Successful.成功的。故选D。
这是一篇社会文化类阅读。文章通过作者的经历告诉我们：尽管口音没有好坏之分，但是口音偏见是不可避免的。有口音的人也会成功，并且得到别人的认可。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

12~15.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句" Things went quickly downhill for the mother and the daughter after that.（对母女俩来说，在那之后情况迅速每况愈下。）"可知，嫂子在侄女手机上安装跟踪装置这件事使她们母女俩的关系每况愈下。作者之所以在前两段提到嫂子和侄女，是想列举出使用跟踪应用程序的失败的例子，故选A。
（2）B.观点态度题。根据第四段 "I've found teens are more acceptable to tracking apps when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safely than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them（我已经发现当跟踪应用程序作为家庭协议的一部分，为了提高安全性，而不是作为监视他们的工具时，青少年们更易接受跟踪应用程序。）"可知，青少年们对手机上的跟踪应用程序的态度是：如果不是为了监视他们，那么他们更易接受。说明他们不喜欢被秘密监视，故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段"Ana Homayoun.founder of Green Ivy Educational Consulting,has advised many parents and their kids about this. "I've found teens are more acceptable to tracking apps when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safely than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them," she said.（Ana Homayoun是常春藤教育咨询的创始人。她说：我已经发现当跟踪应用程序作为家庭协议的一部分，为了提高安全性，而不是作为监视他们的工具时，青少年们更易接受跟踪应用程序。）"可知，Ana Homayoun发现如果不是为了监视青少年们，那么他们更易接受跟踪应用程序。所以第四段提到Ana Homayoun的目的是对如何使孩子们接受跟踪应用程序这一问题给出建议，故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Parents must let children know how and when they'll be watching them," said Doctor Pauleh Weigle.If they're not open about it,he warns,it can "greatly damage the parent and child relationship".（"父母必须让孩子知道他们如何、在什么时候会监视他们，"Pauleh Weigle医生说。他警告说：如果他们不打开心扉，那会极大地损害父母与孩子之间的感情。）"可知，Weigle建议：在安装跟踪应用程序之前应该与孩子讨论商量，对孩子坦诚，与孩子达成一致，故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讨论要不要在孩子手机上安装跟踪应用程序，以及如何使孩子接受跟踪应用程序。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】E、B、F、G、A
【解析】（1）E.细节理解题。根据上文"Sometimes,you do not finish drinking your glass of water before you go to bed.（有时，你在睡觉前没有喝完你的一杯水。）"以及后文"But have you ever wondered if it is still safe to drink？（但是你有没有想过它是否仍然是安全的？）"可知，上文提到睡觉前没有喝完的一杯水，故本句承接上文继续说明喝这杯水的问题，E选项中it指代上文中glass of water。故E选项"第二天早上你可能想喝它。"符合语境，故选E。
（2）B.逻辑关系题。根据上文""If you have clean water in a clean glass,you're fine to drink it for a day or two," Kellogg Schwab from the Johns Hopkins University Water Institute in the US told Time.（美国约翰•霍普金斯大学水资源研究所的Kellogg Schwab在接受《时代》杂志采访时表示："如果你用干净的杯子装着干净的水，喝上一两天也没问题。" ）"以及后文"That's because after about 12 hours,the carbon dioxide in the air reacts with the water in your glass,slightly lowering its PI I level.（这是因为大约12小时后，空气中的二氧化碳与你杯子里的水发生反应，略微降低PI I水平）"可知，上文提到Kellogg Schwab认为干净的杯子装着干净的水，喝上一两天也没问题，后文则说空气中的二氧化碳与你杯子里的水发生反应，可知本句与上文构成转折，旨在说明这杯水会发生的变化。故B选项"但是你可能会发现它尝起来很奇怪。"符合语境，故选B。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据上文"Also,there might be more microorganisms in your water if you leave it out overnight.These microorganisms can stay on your glass.（另外，如果你把水放在外面过夜，可能会有更多的微生物。这些微生物会停留在你的杯子上。）"以及后文"They can make you get sick more easily.But as long as you clean your glasses very often,this will not be a problem.（它们会让你更容易生病。但只要你经常擦杯子，这就不是问题。）"可知，本段主要是关于杯子上微生物的问题，F选项中Microorganisms对应上文中microorganisms。故F选项"微生物在室温下生长得更快"符合语境，故选F。
（4）G.推理判断题。根据上文"In countries like the US and UK.，people often drink water directly from the tap.（在美国和英国等国家，人们经常直接饮用水龙头里的水。）"以及后文"Most experts say that tap water has a shelf life of six months,according to Zane Satterfield from West Virginia University.US.After six months,there is less chlorine in the water and bacteria start to grow.You'd better not drink the water otherwise you may get sick.（美国西弗吉尼亚大学的Zane Satterfield表示，大多数专家认为自来水的保质期只有六个月。六个月后，水中的氯减少了，细菌开始生长。你最好不要喝这些水，否则你可能会生病。）"可知，上文提到了美国和英国等国家的人喜欢喝自来水的习惯，后文则提到自来水六个月后水中的氯减少了，细菌开始生长，会导致生病，可推测本句与上文构成转折，G选项中tap water对应上文中water directly from the tap。故G选项"这是可以的---但是，自来水不能长时间储存。"符合语境，故选G。
（5）A.细节理解题。根据上文"What about plastic water bottles？（塑料瓶装水呢？）"以及后文"If you leave a bottle of water under the sun or in a car for a long period of time,the plastic produces a chemical called BPA.This chemical can cause heart disease arid cancer.（如果你把一瓶水放在阳光下或车里很长一段时间，塑料会产生一种叫做BPA的化学物质。这种化学物质能引起心脏病和癌症。）"可知，本段主要是关于塑料瓶装水能不能饮用的问题，A选项中them指代上文中plastic water bottles。故A选项"Schwab说，人们应该小心使用它们"符合语境，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们饮水的知识，指出隔夜水容易滋生细菌，让人生病，水龙头的水无法长期储存，饮用也会导致生病以及塑料瓶装水可能会引起心脏病和癌症。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。

21~35.【答案】A、D、B、C、C、D、B、A、D、C、A、C、A、B、D
【解析】（1）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.class班级；B.kindergarten幼儿园；C.team队伍；D.school学校。句意：一天，Nanette O'Neill 夫人对我们班进行了一次数学测验。根据前文"I was studying in a public school in New York."可知，作者是学生，所以Nanette O'Neill夫人对作者所在的班进行了一次数学测验。故选A。
（2）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.responses回答，答复；B.features特色，特点；C.problems问题；D.mistakes错误。句意：批改试卷时，她发现有12个男孩在整个考试中都犯了完全相同的错误。根据后文"There is nothing really new about cheating in"可知，这12个男孩在考试中作弊了，所以他们所犯的错误是一样的。故选D。
（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.activities活动；B.exams考试；C.homework家庭作业；D.papers试卷。句意：考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事。根据前文"throughout the test."可知，此处指考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事了。故选B。
（4）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.yet还；B.still依然；C.even甚至；D.rather相当。句意：也许这就是为什么O'Neill夫人对此只字未提的原因。由前一句可知，考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事，所以此处需用副词even,表示O'Neill夫人甚至对此只字未提。故选C。
（5）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.decorate装饰；B.leave离开；C.remain留下；D.run奔跑，经营。句意：她只要求12个男孩下课后留下来。前文提到12个男孩考试作弊，所以此处表示O'Neill夫人让他们课后留下来。故选C。
（6）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.repeat重复；B.get得到；C.stop停止；D.scold责骂。句意：O'Neill夫人没有问问题，也没有骂我们。根据前一句描写可知，作者他们考试作弊，O'Neill夫人让他们放学后留下来；再结合空前"Mrs.O'Neill asked no questions"和空后副词either可知，O'Neill夫人没有问问题，也没有骂他们。故选D。
（7）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.discuss讨论；B.copy抄写；C.hear听说；D.complain责备。句意：然后她命令我们把这些单词抄一百遍到练习本上。根据前文"she wrote on the blackboard the above words by Thomas Macaulay."和空后"these words into our exercise-books one hundred times."可知，O'Neill夫人把Thomas Macaulay的那句话写在黑板上，让大家抄写一百遍。故选B。
（8）A.考查数词及语境理解。A.eleven十一；B.twelve十二；C.thirteen十三；D.fourteen十四。句意：我不知道其他11个男孩的情况。由前文描述可知，总共有12个男孩那次考试作弊了，所以此处指除了作者外的另外11个男孩。故选A。
（9）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.referred参考，查阅；B.shown给与，解释；C.led导致；D.introduced介绍。句意：在介绍Macaulay的话给我的30年后，在我看来，这些话仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而非他人的方式。根据上文" She then ordered us to（7）these words into our exercise-books one hundred times."可知，此处表示是上文中老师把Macaulay的话介绍给我。故选D。
（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.gather聚集；B.consider考虑；C.measure衡量，测量；D.work工作，奏效。句意：在介绍Macaulay的话给我的30年后，在我看来，这些话仍然是最好的准绳，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而非他人的方式。根据前文"they still seem to me the best yardstick （准绳）"可知，因为Macaulay是最好的准绳，所以此处表示来衡量自己。故选C。
（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.asked要求；B.understood明白；C.realized意识到；D.reminded提醒。句意：我们中很少有人被要求就国家参战或军队参战做出重大决定。根据后文"But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions."可知，此处表示我们中很少有人被要求就国家参战或军队参战做出重大决定。故选A。
（12）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.taken带走；B.brought带来；C.put放；D.limited限制。句意：钱包是在街上捡到的，应该放进口袋还是交给警察？根据前文"the wallet found in the street"可知，在街上捡到钱包，所以此处询问选择，是放进口袋还是交给警察。故选C。
（13）A.考查代词及语境理解。A.Nobody没有人；B.Somebody某人；C.Everybody每个人；D.All全部。句意：除了你自己没有人会知道。根据空后" except yourself"可知，此处表示除了你自己，没有人知道。故选A。
（14）B.考查情态动词及语境理解。A.are able to能够；B.have to必须，不得不；C.ought to应该；D.need to需要。句意：但你必须学会和自己相处，并学会接受你尊敬的人的生活总是更好的。前文提到面临抉择时，只有自己能做决定，所以此处表示你必须学会和自己相处。故选B。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.elect选举；B.know知道；C.love爱；D.respect尊重。句意：但你必须学会和自己相处，并学会接受你尊敬的人的生活总是更好的。根据本段描述，再结合前文有关Macaulay名言对我的积极影响可知，此处指我们首先得学会和自己相处，并学会接受你尊敬的人的生活总是更好的。故选D。
本文是夹叙夹议文。作者上学时有一次考试作弊，老师让作弊学生抄写100遍Thomas Macaulay的话：衡量一个人真正的品质，要看他在知道永远也不会被人发现的情况下做些什么。这句话对作者影响很大，成了作者一生做事最好的准绳。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

36.【答案】【小题1】known
【小题2】most
【小题3】which
【小题4】being
【小题5】to show
【小题6】gently
【小题7】have received
【小题8】reasons
【小题9】After
【小题10】will visit
【解析】（1）known.考查过去分词。句意：中国的春节，在中国被称为春节，是中国人最重要的节日。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，Chinese Spring Festival与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填known。
（2）most.考查最高级。句意：中国的春节，在中国被称为春节，是中国人最重要的节日。结合句意可知，此处表示"最重要的"，故用最高级，故填most。
（3）which.考查定语从句。句意：在春节的第一天，中国人通常会礼貌地鞠躬，意思是"互致新年问候"。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一件事，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（4）being.考查现在分词。句意：拜年是中国新年期间最重要的活动之一，是一种表达尊重和友谊的传统习俗。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，Bainian与be之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填being。
（5）to show.考查动词不定式。句意：拜年是中国新年期间最重要的活动之一，是一种表达尊重和友谊的传统习俗。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作定语修饰名词traditional custom,故填to show。
（6）gently.考查副词。句意：在中国农历新年的第一天，年轻人首先应该用鞠躬或叩头来问候长者，这是一种中国式的方式，通过在地板上轻轻地叩头来表示尊敬。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰动词knocking,故填gently。
（7）have received.考查动词时态。句意：当长者收到年轻人的问候时，他们会给年轻人"压岁钱"。结合句意可知，此处表示动作的完成，故用现在完成时，故填have received。
（8）reasons.考查可数名词的复数。句意：这就是为什么孩子们非常喜欢中国新年的原因之一，因为他们可以得到"压岁钱"！one of后跟可数名词的复数，故填reasons。
（9）After.考查介词。句意：在家里互致新年祝福后，全家人将拜访他们的亲戚、邻居和朋友。结合句意可知，此处表示"在...之后"，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填After。
（10）will visit.考查动词时态。句意：在家里互致新年祝福后，全家人将拜访他们的亲戚、邻居和朋友。结合句意可知，此处在讲述将要发生的事情，故用一般将来时，故填will visit。
本文为说明文，主要讲述了春节的习俗。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Dear Chairman,
Knowing that garbage sorting volunteers are wanted in our school,I intend to become a member of this devoted group.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
When it comes to my advantages,as an environmentalist,I have a full understanding of how important it is to protect the environment.What's more,to be more specific,since I have been exposed to a bunch of environmental protection projects,I have gained some practical experience in this kind of assignment,which made it easier for me to finish my voluntary work.    【高分句型二】（个人优势）If I have the privilege of being a part of this passionate organization,I'll devote most of my free time to equipping myself with more knowledge respecting environmentally friendly. （能做的事情）
I would be appreciate it if I could be accepted into this accommodating program.（感谢）
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that garbage sorting volunteers are wanted in our school,I intend to become a member of this devoted group.
译文：知道我们学校需要垃圾分类志愿者，我打算成为这个忠诚团体的一员。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Knowing that garbage sorting volunteers are wanted in our school作状语。
高分句型二：What's more,to be more specific,since I have been exposed to a bunch of environmental protection projects,I have gained some practical experience in this kind of assignment,which made it easier for me to finish my voluntary work.
译文：而且，更具体地说，由于我接触了一系列环保项目，我在这类任务中获得了一些实践经验，这使我更容易完成志愿工作。
分析：这句话使用了since引导原因状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】When he got to the front of the hall,he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms.His hands and arms were terribly scarred.The little girl cried out, "This is the man who rescued me!"With a leap,she threw her arms around the man's neck.She buried her face in his shoulder and sobbed for a few moments.Then she looked up and smiled,stating happily she would live with him.【高分句型一】（描写小女孩认出他就是从大火里救她出来的恩人，表示她愿意和他生活在一起）
When asked her choice,the girl gave people the reasons firmly.She said in a low but determined voice,"I really desire to get a good education that will give me chances to live my dreams.Besides,I know that money means a lot to me since I have no relatives to rely on.【高分句型二】But it's the man who saved my life when I was desperately facing a fire like that.Without him,I wouldn't be here,waiting for a new choice.I hope that I can do whatever I can to pay back his kindness."（描写女孩为什么放弃好的教育和好的生活而愿意由救她的人来抚养。）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个与祖母相依为命的女孩在大火中失去了祖母，在消防队员到来之前一个男人从大火里面将小女孩救了出来。一项调查显示，这个孩子没有在世的亲属。几周后，在市政厅举行了一次会议，决定由谁来收养这个孩子并抚养她。
高分句型一：Then she looked up and smiled,stating happily she would live with him.
翻译：然后她抬起头，微笑着，很高兴地说她将和他生活在一起。
分析：现在分词stating在句中作伴随状语。
高分句型二：Besides,I know that money means a lot to me since I have no relatives to rely on.
翻译：此外，我知道钱对我来说很重要，因为我没有亲戚可以依靠。
分析：that引导宾语从句，since引导原因状语从句。
解题方法点拨
 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
       每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
       （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
       一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
       （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
       根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
       （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
       在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。