2023届高考英语二轮复习语法专项：动词之时态、语态、语气突破训练

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习语法专项：动词之时态、语态、语气突破训练，共15页。试卷主要包含了 单句语法填空， 语篇填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
动词之时态、语态、语气
基础题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he (offer) jobs by a dozen computer companies.
2. Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers
(stay) the same for nearly 40 years.
3. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years.
4. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
5. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it
(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
6. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying …
7. Till now dates (set) for the games—the Games will be held between July 26, 2024 and August 11, 2024.
8. Shanghai is a people­centric city. I stayed in Shanghai during the pandemic and now my perception of the city (change) as I experienced a city that cares about its citizens regardless of their nationality and origin.
9. These 3，000­year­old symbols, jiaguwen, (carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into how ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.
10. As it returned successfully, Chang'e 5 (become) the first lunar sample­return spacecraft since 1976.
11. “The wild elephants get annoyed if they (disturb)，” one of the employees Chen Jiming says. Chen (take) care of wild elephants for the past 20 years.
12. Wu Lei (move) from Spanish club Espanyol back to Shanghai SIPG in August, 2022.
13. At that moment, realizing we were being robbed, I (panic) and tried to drag my friend away before we could get into even more serious trouble.
14. In February, the Ministry of Education announced that mobile phones should, in principle, (forbid) in primary and secondary schools, which aims to protect students' eyesight and make sure they focus on their work.
15. As a matter of fact, I do not like violence … but in 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I (catch), I could be put in prison.
16. When a man says he wants to marry me, I (run) against him. If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed. No one will be pardoned.
17. It is reported that the class of forty students the earthquake 11 years ago, who are the only of their school in the disaster. They are very grateful for their lucky .(survive)
18. —Did you tidy your room?
—No, I was going to tidy my room but I (have) visitors.
19. —Have you seen the latest movie?
—No. It will be ages before I (have) time to go to the cinema. Look at how much work I have.
20. I couldn't see Don, but as I (approach) the tractor, he jumped out onto the road, apparently unhurt, and dashed back to me.
21. Often this earliest form of advertising (involve) a newly arrived ship loaded with goods.
22. And I went home, and over that weekend I wrote the story Clifford the Big Red Dog, and (shock) when it was accepted for publication, because I'd never written anything before.
23. I had needed someone else to show me what I (appreciate) in my dad. It wasn't the fact that he'd won; it was more than that.
24. Through this program, students (hire) each year in a variety of summer positions.
25. I have been left behind but I have a goal like all the other runners: I will run to the end. And it is my motherland that (give) me the power to move on.
26. COVID­19 still spreading, many of us wonder if we humans
(punish) by nature.
27. Audio books (grow) in popularity up to now, for they are undoubtedly a useful way to escape from the stressful modern life and a good way to keep busy.
28. Mr Wang said scientists once that the theory was based on a wrong .(assume)
29. One day, it was cloudy. An old man together with his grandson
(wait) for the bus at the bus stop when I passed by.
30. A group of people on the island hundreds of years ago. These new
helped the natives a lot in the of farming methods.(settle)
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
China beat South Korea 3—2 in the 31. (dramatic) fierce final of the AFC Women's Asian Cup. It was the ninth time that the team 32. (win) the championship.
33. being 2 goals behind in the first half, the Chinese women's national football team kicked 3 goals in the second half with two goals 34 . (score) in just 5 minutes.
Winning the championship for the ninth time 16 years later, the team beat twice­defending champions Japan 4—3 in a penalty shootout and entered the final, for 35. it hadn't qualified since 2008.
Media reported that head coach Shui Qingxia said at a press conference before the game, “The whole team is adjusting physically and mentally in preparation for 36.
(variety) of difficulties in the final.” She inspired her team to have faith in 37. . The team held the Champion Trophy at the award ceremony with laughter, tears and 38. combination of complex feelings. There were thousands of views and comments on the social media. The netizens advocated more attention 39. (give) to the women's team.
They 40. (expect) to depart Mumbai on Monday and will be under quarantine after arriving in Shanghai.
—Adapted from the Beijing Youth Daily
Passage 2
Tiger­themed Sculpture Exhibit Kicks off Online
To greet the Chinese Year of the Tiger, 41. falls on Feb. 1, the first online exhibition of painted sculptures featuring images of tiger, one of the 12 Chinese zodiac(黄道带)animal signs, 42. (launch) on social media platform WeChat on Jan. 26, 2022.
Running through the Lunar New Year holiday, the exhibition displayed more than 400 painted sculptures singled out from about 1，300 43. (entry), created by both 44. (experience) and emerging Chinese artists from across the country.
Tiger has long been a favourite subject for artistic creation as the Chinese zodiac animal sign is believed 45. (represent) such qualities as bravery, dignity, justice and loyalty.
“In my view, the participating artists have tried their best to bring the tigers in their heads 46. life, with a wide 47. (vary) of subject matters, materials and styles，” Xu Jianguo, 48. art professor in the Tsinghua University and a key organizer of the exhibition, told the media.
“The exhibition is designed not only to show respect for the time­honoured shengxiao culture in China, 49. also to send an artistic well­wishing to Chinese people 50. (live) in different parts of the world，” Xu added.
提高题
一、 单句语法填空。
1. The problem is that once something (put) on the Internet, it can be difficult to remove.
2. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that
(leave) on the footpath.
3. Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads (build).
4. You are not allowed to go into the meeting room. A secret plan
(discuss) there.
5. —Take this medicine three times a day, Tom.
—Do I have to take it? It (taste) so terrible.
6. For more than 50 years, travellers (use) the international driver's licence to travel in foreign countries.
7. The men said they (hear) a tiger growling somewhere nearby, but they didn't know from which direction the noise had come.
8. I don't catch what our teacher said, because I (think) about something else.
9. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he (come) until yesterday.
10. I first met Lily five years ago. She (work) as a nurse in a hospital at the time.
二、 语篇填空。
Passage 1
From ancient times to the present, Qinghai Lake is called “blue sea” because of the natural beauty reflected on it. As to the area, it is the 11. (large) inland and saltwater lake in China. Shaped like an ellipse(椭圆), Qinghai Lake reaches 32.8 m at the deepest point but 12. (average) 21 m overall. Due to the high altitude, its weather is very cool, 13. is why it is often selected as a summer resort(旅游胜地).
Qinghai Lake presents 14. as a really good place for travellers and it offers year­round 15. (please). Many prefer when it is a green and lively world. Many birds 16. (attract) to this beautiful lake, resulting in this place 17. (be) a kingdom for birdwatchers. Every year in July, Qinghai Lake is central to the popular bicycle racing and cycling around it is 18. great way to enjoy the scenery.
When the cold winter comes, the ice 19. (cover) the surface of the lake shines brightly in the sun, adding another degree of beauty. Catching the famous “Icy Fish” is an 20. (incredible) wonderful experience at this time when they are trapped by the ice. All things considered, it's an awesome journey for you to explore this beautiful spot on the Earth.
Passage 2
Human beings previously illustrated their imagination about humanoid robots through art and literature but it is only in the past ten years that these conceptions 21.
(begin) to take physical form.
UBTECH Robotics, a company 22. (establish) in Shenzhen, developed a robot model named Wukong—the Chinese name of 23. Monkey King from the classic Journey to the West. Wukong robots can imitate human movements like dancing and practicing kung fu. They can even get to 24. feet after falling over like a human.
Using their “eyes”， Wukong robots can identify human 25. (face) expressions and interact with them accordingly. Wukong robots also have information storage and 26. (share) capabilities. They can store a large number of picture books. This book­storing capacity, along with their vocal(发声的) capabilities, 27.
(allow) such robots to read books to children.
In 2016, UBTECH Robotics 28. (start) developing its humanoid robot Walker X. Launched in July, 2021, it can walk at a maximum speed of 3 km per hour. Walker X has realized multiple technical 29. (update) and can provide more flexible services.
Compared with ASIMO and Atlas, 30. have high costs, UBTECH Robotics has reduced costs by independently developing core components and key technologies that lay the foundation for the commercialization of its products.
Passage 3
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 31. (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored(修复) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it 32. $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 33.
(marry) ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 34. (small) than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, “The little home 35. (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 36.
(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.”
Although Mary loved flowers, 37. she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long­time neighbour said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 38. (plant) flowers in the front yard.
39. Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 40.
(sell) most of their furniture.
Passage 4
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song The Long and Winding Road. 41. is so breathtaking about the experience is the out­of­this­world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 42. (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 43. (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 44. (hot) the spring is! Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is—always leaving us 45.
(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 46. (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 47. offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 48.
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 49. (I).While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 50. must to visit!
























基 础 题
一、 1. had been offered　2. have stayed　3. have made
4. recommended　5. is　6. meant　7. have been set　
8. has changed　9. were carved　10. has become　
11. are disturbed; has taken　12. moved　
13. panicked　14. be forbidden　15. was caught　
16. will run　17. survived; survivors; survival　
18. had　19. have　20. approached　21. involved　22. was shocked　23. appreciated　24. are hired　
25. gives　26. are being punished　27. have grown
28. assumed; assumption　29. was waiting　
30. settled; settlers; settlement
二、
Passage 1
31. dramatically　32. had won　 33. Despite　34. scored
35. which　36. varieties　37. themselves　38. a
39. be given　40. are expected

31. dramatically　考查副词。句意：在亚足联女足亚洲杯激烈的决赛中，中国队以3∶2击败韩国队。形容词fierce应用副词来修饰，意为“剧烈地”。故填dramatically。
32. had won　考查固定句型。句意：这是该队第九次赢得冠军。it is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that＋从句，意为“第几次做……”，主句用was，从句应用过去完成时；在that从句中，主语the team和动词win之间为主动关系。故填had won。
33. Despite　考查介词。句意：尽管上半场落后两球，但中国女足在下半场踢进3球，其中2球是在短短5分钟内打进的。根据being可知，空处应用介词despite，意为“尽管”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。
34. scored　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语goals和动词score之间为被动关系，空处应用过去分词。故填scored。
35. which　考查定语从句。句意：16年后，这支球队在点球大战中以4∶3击败了卫冕冠军日本队，进入决赛，第九次问鼎冠军。这是自2008年以来，中国女足首次进入女足亚洲杯决赛。此处是介词＋关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是the final，指物，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
36. varieties　考查固定搭配。句意：媒体报道，主教练水庆霞在赛前新闻发布会上表示：“全队正在进行身心调整，为决赛中的各种困难做好准备。” varieties of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
37. themselves　考查代词。句意：她激励她的队员们要对自己有信心。此处表示“教练激励队员们要对自己有信心”，所以应用反身代词themselves，代指队员们自己。故填themselves。
38. a　考查冠词。句意：团队在颁奖典礼上捧起冠军奖杯，笑声、泪水和复杂的心情交织在一起。a combination of … 意为“一种……的结合”。故填a。
39. be given　考查虚拟语气。句意：网友们主张更多地关注女足。此处advocate表示一种建议，所以在advocate＋(that)从句中，从句应用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略，从句主语more attention和动词give之间为被动关系。故填be given。
40. are expected　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他们预计将于周一离开孟买，抵达上海后将接受隔离。be expected to do … 意为“预计做……”，且句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语用复数。故填are expected。
Passage 2
41. which　42. was launched　43. entries　44. experienced
45. to represent　46. to　47. variety　48. an　49. but　50. living

41. which　考查定语从句。句意：为迎接2月1日的中国虎年，首个以中国12生肖之一的老虎为主题的彩绘雕塑在线展览于2022年1月26日在社交媒体平台微信上推出。句中先行词为the Chinese Year of the Tiger，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以空处应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
42. was launched　考查动词的时态和语态。句意见上题解析。根据时间状语“on Jan. 26, 2022”可知，空处应用一般过去时；主语the first online exhibition of painted sculptures featuring images of tiger和launch之间为被动关系，所以空处应用被动语态。故填was launched。
43. entries　考查名词复数。句意：在整个春节期间，展览展示了从大约1 300件作品中挑选出来的400多件彩绘雕塑，这些作品由来自全国各地的资深和新兴中国艺术家创作。名词entry为可数名词，根据“about 1，300”可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填entries。
44. experienced　考查形容词。句意见上题解析。空处修饰名词Chinese artists，应用形容词形式。形容词experienced意为“有经验的；有阅历的”。故填experienced。
45. to represent　考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，老虎一直是艺术创作的热门主题，因为中国十二生肖被认为代表着勇敢、尊严、正义和忠诚等品质。be believed to … 意为“被认为……”。故填to represent。
46. to　考查介词。句意：此次展览的主要组织者、清华大学艺术教授徐建国在接受媒体采访时表示：“在我看来，参展的艺术家们用各种各样的题材、材料和风格，尽了最大努力将他们脑海中的老虎栩栩如生地呈现出来。” bring … to life意为“使……有活力或生气”。故填to。
47. variety　考查名词。句意见上题解析。a variety of … 意为“各种各样的……”。故填variety。
48. an　考查冠词。句意见第46小题解析。名词professor为可数名词，表泛指，且art发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
49. but　考查连词。句意：徐(建国)还补充说：“这次展览不仅是对中国悠久的生肖文化的尊重，也是对生活在世界各地的中国人的艺术祝福。” not only … but also … 意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
50. living　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。名词people和live之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填living。
提 高 题
一、 1. is put/has been put　2. had been left　3. will be built　4. is being discussed　5. tastes　6. have used/have been using　7. had heard　8. was thinking　
9. was coming/would come　10. was working
二、
Passage 1
11. largest　12. averages　13. which　14. itself
15. pleasure　16. are attracted　17. being　18. a
19. covering　20. incredibly

11. largest　考查形容词最高级。句意：就面积而言，它是中国最大的内陆咸水湖。根据“in China”可知，这是在中国范围内比较，且空前有the，空处应用形容词的最高级。故填largest。
12. averages　考查动词时态。句意：青海湖呈椭圆形，最深处有32.8米，但整体平均深度为21米。分析句子结构可知，此处缺谓语动词，与前面reaches并列，主语是Qinghai Lake，应用第三人称单数。故填averages。
13. which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：由于海拔高，它的天气非常凉爽，这就是它经常被选为避暑胜地的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面一整句话。故填which。
14. itself　考查反身代词。句意：青海湖是旅行者的好去处，一年四季都能带来欢乐。根据语境可知，青海湖将自己呈现为一个好的去处，缺少反身代词指代青海湖。故填itself。
15. pleasure　考查名词。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处作offer的宾语，应用名词。故填pleasure。
16. are attracted　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：许多鸟类被这个美丽的湖泊吸引，让这个地方成了鸟类观察者的王国。分析句子结构可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Many birds和attract之间为被动关系。故填are attracted。
17. being　考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语补足语，介词后用动名词形式。故填being。
18. a　考查冠词。句意：每年7月，青海湖是受欢迎的自行车比赛的中心，骑自行车绕湖是欣赏风景的好方式。分析句子可知，way为可数名词，空处应用不定冠词来修饰，且great的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
19. covering　考查非谓语动词。句意：当寒冷的冬天到来的时候，湖面上的冰在阳光下闪闪发光，增添了另一种程度的美。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the ice和cover之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填covering。
20. incredibly　考查副词。句意：当鱼被冰困住的时候，捕捉著名的“冰鱼”是一种十分美妙的体验。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰后面的形容词wonderful。故填incredibly。
Passage 2
21. have begun　22. established　23. the　24. their
25. facial　26. sharing　27. allows　28. started
29. updates　30. which

21. have begun　考查动词时态。句意：人类之前通过艺术和文学表达了他们对类人机器人的想象，但直到最近十年，这些概念才开始付诸实践。根据上文“in the past ten years”可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语为these conceptions，助动词用have。故填have begun。
22. established　考查非谓语动词。句意：位于深圳的优必选科技股份有限公司开发了一款名为“悟空”的机器人模型，悟空是经典名著《西游记》中的美猴王。分析句子结构可知，establish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，和逻辑主语a company之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填established。
23. the　考查冠词。句意见上题解析。此处特指《西游记》中的美猴王，应用定冠词。故填the。
24. their　考查代词。句意：它们甚至可以像人类一样摔倒后站起来。get to one's feet意为“站起来”。故填their。
25. facial　考查形容词。句意：“悟空”机器人可以用它们的“眼睛”识别人类的面部表情，并与他们进行相应的互动。修饰下文名词expressions应用形容词作定语。故填facial。
26. sharing　考查非谓语动词。句意：“悟空”机器人还具有信息存储和共享的能力。空处应用名词形式作定语，修饰capabilities。故填sharing。
27. allows　考查动词时态。句意：这种存储书籍的能力，加上它们的发声能力，使这些机器人能够给孩子们读书。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为This book­storing capacity，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填allows。
28. started　考查动词时态。句意：2016年，优必选科技股份有限公司开始开发其类人机器人Walker X。根据“In 2016”可知，这是2016年发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填started。
29. updates　考查名词复数。句意：Walker X实现了多项技术升级，可以提供更灵活的服务。update为可数名词，根据上文multiple可知，空处应用复数形式。故填updates。
30. which　考查定语从句。句意：与成本较高的ASIMO和Atlas相比，优必选科技股份有限公司通过自主开发为产品商用化奠定了基础的核心部件和关键技术，降低了成本。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ASIMO and Atlas，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。
Passage 3
31. has proved/has proven　32. for　33. marriage
34. smaller　35. was painted　36. herself　37. neither
38. to plant　39. The　40. sold

31. has proved/has proven　考查动词时态。句意：林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样使人印象深刻，但自从它向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客有很强的吸引力。分析句子成分可知，空处作谓语动词；根据句意及空后的时间状语“since it opened to the public”可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填has proved/has proven。
32. for　考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1 200美元加上一些土地从1842年他们婚礼的主婚人查尔斯·德莱塞手中买下了它。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth for＋价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
33. marriage　考查名词。句意见上题解析。根据空前的形容词性物主代词可知，空处应用名词形式；根据空后的ceremony可知，此处意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
34. smaller　考查形容词比较级。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。根据空前的much和空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级的固定结构much＋比较级＋than。故填smaller。
35. was painted　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。根据句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态；根据上文的“was built”可知，空处为一般过去时。故填was painted。
36. herself　考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，空处意为“她自己”，应用反身代词。故填herself。
37. neither　考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构neither … nor …，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
38. to plant　考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西斯·托德·华莱士经常过来在前院种花。分析句子结构可知，空处是目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to plant。
39. The　考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益壮大的家庭的需要。根据空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查the＋姓氏复数，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填The。
40. sold　考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们将房子租了出去，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，空处和动词rented一起作并列谓语，根据时间状语“in 1861”可知，空处应用一般过去时。故填sold。
Passage 4
41. What　42. humans　43. undoubtedly　44. hotter　45. astonished　46. was　47. and　48. aching　49. mine
50. a

41. What　考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这绝佳的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺少主语，应用what引导。故填What。
42. humans　考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见滚滚云海，你会感受到我们人类是多么渺小。human是we的同位语，应用复数形式。故填humans。
43. undoubtedly　考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你变得神清气爽！空处修饰动词help，应用副词。故填undoubtedly。
44. hotter　考查形容词比较级。句意：温泉的神奇之处在于，气温越低，温泉越暖和！此处是固定结构the＋比较级， the＋比较级，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
45. astonished　考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用ed结尾的形容词。故填astonished。
46. was　考查动词时态。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都放在合适的位置有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it ________(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wondering的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
47. and　考查连词。句意：尽管这是上山途中唯一一件非天然的东西，但它却是整个冒险旅途中最精彩的部分，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”为并列关系，都是作it的谓语。故填and。
48. aching　考查形容词。句意见上题解析。分析句子及语境可知，空处应用形容词aching修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
49. mine　考查代词。句意：对我来说也确实如此。根据上文“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，does指代上文的stick，本句缺少宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。
50. a　考查冠词。句意：如果你来中国，黄山是必游之地！must作名词时，意为“必须做的事”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，且must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。